...Organizational Design Article Student Name Institutional Affiliation Introduction Organizational design refers to the art and science of optimizing an organizational structure to support business, cultural, or strategic goals (Burton, 2011). It examines culture, strategies, processes, and structure to achieve the set goals. This paper will give the summary of the article Not what it was and not what it will be: The future of job design research, which will examine the future of organizational design. Article summary This article gives a summary of the future directions of theory and research regarding the organizational design. The authors of this article have focused on the social aspects of modern workplaces, the changing contexts of work performance, the increased teamwork as compared to individual task completion, and the processes that employees involve in the creation of their own jobs. According to Oldham & Hackman (2010), organizational design started long time ago, and this is apparent from Adam Smith’s essay on division of labor. Oldham & Hackman (2010) consider that Smith’s thoughts on design and manufacturing led to the scientific management philosophy. Most workers including industrial engineers adopted this philosophy to increase control and efficiency in the workplace. The primary idea was to design work systems with highly simplified work and standardized operations. This created a hindrance to employee job satisfaction, which discouraged...
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...Ghanaian worker. The two-factor theory of motivation explains the factors that employees find satisfying and dissatisfying about their jobs. These factors are the hygiene factors and motivators. The hygiene factors when absent can lead to dissatisfaction in the work place but when fully catered for in the work environment on their own are not sufficient to satisfy workers whereas the motivators referring to the nature of the job, provide satisfaction and lead to higher motivation. This paper adds to the understanding of what motivates the Ghanaian worker most and creates the platform for a re-evaluation of the thinking and viewpoint that workers rate motivator factors higher than the hygiene factors in the work setting. Keywords: Frederick Herzberg, hygiene factors, motivators, employee, Ghana 1. Introduction There are numerous motivation theories that have influenced the way organisations manage employees to achieve a motivated work force. These theories attempt to explain why people behave the way they do and advice on factors and...
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...Registration Number#: 412002452 Date: 10/09/2013 With the use of motivation theory discuss how Caribbean managers can enhance the motivation of their employees? Provide relevant examples to illustrate your answer. The purpose of this paper is to exemplify, with the use of motivational theories how Caribbean managers can relate and enhance the motivation of employees. Employees' performance has been proven to have some correlation with their motivation within the workplace. Motivation is defined as the processes that accounts for an individual’s intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal. Workers can be either negatively or positively motivated. Positive motivation can consist of goals or rewards that would allow for self-actualization. On the other hand, Negative motivation occurs where one undertakes responsibility of a task they do not feel comfortable with. Motivation can be divided into two types; Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation. Intrinsic Motivation refers to the individual's motivational stimuli within ones self. He or she formulates the drive to perform a specific task because its results are in accordance with their beliefs or it fulfills a desire and therefore importance is attached, meaning they thrive on the fact they are faced with a challenge to their ability. However, Extrinsic Motivation means that the individual's motivational stimuli affected by outside forces. In other...
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...Chapter 1 – Introduction 1.1 The need to Enhance Performance The most imperative holdings any organization posses, will be its "individuals". At the point when these individuals will be despondent, unmotivated, or feel separated from the general workings in their organization, the whole association experiences low benefit, low assurance, and high worker turn over. In request to face the challenges and intensity in the business world, numerous organisations have made strides to expand adequacy of the employees and thus the benefit. The work execution will be really the item of an employee's motivation and capability. The capacity and aptitudes will be in this way procured through preparing, while on the work execution will be additionally obliged (Schiller, 1996). Late studies have demonstrated, that the fulfilled employees tend to be more effective, inventive, and devoted to their employees (Syptak, M.david, and Ulmer, 1996). 1.2 Motivation is the key to Performance Motivation is the way to employee execution. Profoundly energetic employees are considered to be genuine holdings for any organisation. When inspired, they fundamentally tend to be more effective, vigorous, and will be exceptionally much enthusiastic to take an extra obligation (David, 2005). At the end of the day, a spurred employee is essentially a profitable representative, and accordingly gainful workers can...
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...CLC Assignment: VDOT: Trying to Keep Virginia Moving Grand Canyon University: MGT-420 July 26, 2014 Introduction Why was the Virginia of Transportation in need of a complete overhaul? Why was Philip Shucet, a person of 30 years plus of leadership experience, selected as the suitable candidate hired in as transportation commissioner? In our group effort to process and examine, we were able to break down the Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) case study. In our efforts to obtain, through insight and research and based off statics and input of the composer of the article, “Virginia Department of Transportation: Trying to Keep Virginia Moving” we try to understand the organizations failures in practice and challenges that they faced through its previous leaders practices. (Darden, n.d., pg. 1-13) We also touch base on certain individuals philosophies in management theories, as well as their approach practices related to VDOT recent and past difficulties. We learn about an organization and question their development practices upon their foundation structure and lack of organization. We relate them to today’s modern day challenges and experiences and managerial theories and practices, as ways in building and creating new culture and organizational foundation and structure. Similar to the efforts of new transportation commissioner Philip Shucet, as dealing with general environment issues of economic conditions, social-cultural conditions, legal –political conditions...
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...Introduction According to Meriam-webster a group is defined as two or more figures forming a complete unit in a composition or a number of individuals assembled together or having some unifying relationship. Group and organizational dynamics are in all areas of our lives. From the corporate jobs, small business owners to family and friends, each area of our lives consist of different groups. Working in groups can be challenging at times. Knowing your strengths as individuals as well as knowing your role in group settings can make the challenges easier. I will discuss group and organizational dynamics from six different areas: group vs. individual decision making; motivational patterns in group dynamics; conflict; competition; task functions; and maintenance function. Group vs. Individual Decision Making It has been said that two heads is better than one. When it comes to making a decision rather it’s in your personal or professional life many seek the opinions of others before making a final decision. When I worked in 911 call centers there were times when you had to work with a group of dispatchers on task throughout the city and then there were times when I needed to make a quick decision to make sure that officers in the field were safe on my own. I found myself at ease when making the group decisions because I knew that the bulk of what happened wouldn’t be on my shoulders. There was someone else to share responsibilities with me. When working with a group of people...
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...TITLE PAGE INCENTIVE AS A MOTIVATIONAL TOOL IN ENHANCING ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE (A STUDY OF FIRST BANK NIGERIA PLC AND UNION BANK NIGERIA PLC) BY ONWUCHEKWA CHIDI. PG/MBA /08/53181 BEING A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION IN THE DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA ENUGU CAMPUS JUNE 2010 1 DEDICATION This project is dedicated to God Almighty, for his guidance and love. 2 CERTIFICATION I, ONWUCHEKWA CHIDI a Postgraduate student in the Department of Management, Faculty of Business Administration with Registration Number PG/MBA/08/53181 hereby states that I have satisfactorily completed the Project for the award of master of Business Administration (MBA) in Management. I also state that this project report is original and has not been submitted in part or full for this or any other degree of this or any other Institution of higher learning.. ________________________ ONWUCHEKWA CHIDI PG/MBA/08/53181 ______________________ CHIEF J. A. EZEH SUPPERVISOR ____________________ DR. UJF EWURUM HEAD OF DEPARTMENT 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would wish to express my profound gratitude to all the people who made it possible for me to conclude my second degree academic pursuit successfully. Special thanks goes to Chief J. A. Eze, my project supervisor/Adviser...
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...Politics in pay increment and promotion 11 Delay in reimbursements of incentive and awards 12 Unhealthy competition 12 Expectancy and valance of awards 13 References 14 Appendices 16 Appendix -1 16 Appendix-2 18 Appendix-3 20 Introduction Modern organisation faces a lot of challenges in retaining and motivating the staff as human resources are vital part of any organisation. These challenges like recruiting developing and retaining sales staff must be taken care off to gain maximum outcome from employees. To retain the employee, company uses different motivational techniques. This report is provided to determine the importance of motivational techniques for retaining staff motivated. Based on literature and journal article, motivational factors are discussed in this report. And how these motivational factors motivate the employees in selected organisation i.e. Glaxo Smith line India Limited. Different Motivational theories are discussed here to help the organisation to develop and retain the sales force and also discussed the issues and risk of the same followed by proposed solution is also provided here (Ali & Danish, 2010). The motivational factors discussed here are based on my six years working experience with Glaxo and secondary research. Three components of motivation such as intrinsic rewards, extrinsic rewards and hygiene factors are discussed in this report. Company background Glaxo smith line pharmaceuticals limited is leading pharmaceutical...
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...THE EFFECT OF MOTIVATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES AT GT BANK GHANA by Nduro, Millicent (PG, 4128310) A Thesis submitted to the Institute Of Distance Learning, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, in Partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of COMMONWEALTH EXECUTIVE MASTERS OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SEPTEMBER 2012 DECLARATION I, hereby declare that this submission is my own work towards the Executive Masters of Business Administration, and to the best of my knowledge, it contains no material previously published by another person nor material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree of this and any other University, except where due acknowledgement has been made in the text. Millicent Nduro (PG 4128310) Student Name & ID ...................................... ................................ Date Signature Certified by: Mr. Samuel Kwesi Enninful Supervisor …………………………… Signature …………………………. Date Professor I. K. Dontwi Dean, IDL ……………………………… Signature ………………………… Date ABSTRACT The success or failure of any business as a matter of fact depends largely on its employees; thus human resources are very essential to the organisation as they are the key to prosperity, productivity and performance. How employees are perceived, treated and how they feel about themselves and ultimately their output directly or indirectly has an impact on their performance and development of the organisation. De motivated employees under...
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...CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study The mining industry in Ghana, is an important sector for the socio economies of countries that have substantial gold deposits. To achieve rapid economic development, many countries resort to various activities to exploit natural resources. One of such activities is mining. Consequently, mining is an important economic activity which has the potential of contributing to the development of areas endowed with the resource. In North America, raw mineral production in 1998 was valued at approximately US$ 70 billion. The industry employs approximately 1 million people (Mbendi Profile, 2005). In Peru, the mining sector accounts for 50% of the country’s annual export earnings. During 1993, the mining industry’s contribution to the Peruvian economy was represented by $240m paid in taxes; $400m spent on local purchases; $280m in imported goods and accounted for over 11% of GDP (Acheampong, 2003). In South Africa, where gold is the largest mineral foreign income earner, gold mining alone contributes 27.4% in mineral revenues. The gold industry is also responsible for 56% of South Africa’s mine labour force (Mbendi, 2005). In Ghana, the sector plays a vital role in the development of the economy. In 2000, minerals accounted for 38.96% of total export earnings, followed by cocoa (22.51%) and timber (9.03%) (ISSER, 2001). The mining sector now contributes 41% to the country’s foreign exchange and is the leading foreign exchange earner. Of...
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...UNDERSTANDING CUSTOMER NEEDS Barry L. Bayus Kenan-Flagler Business School University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC 27599 (919)962-3210 cherryflavorine@gmail.com January 2005 Revised November 2007 prepared for Shane, S. (ed.), Blackwell Handbook of Technology and Innovation Management, Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers The comments of the following people on an earlier draft are greatly appreciated: Sridhar Balasubramanian, Dick Blackburn, Paul Bloom, Ed Cornet, Ely Dahan, Abbie Griffin, Steve Hoeffler, Erin MacDonald, Jackki Mohr, Bill Moore, Vithala Rao, Allan Shocker, and Gal Zauberman. Introduction Touted as the “most significant category innovation since toilet paper first appeared in roll form in 1890,” dispersible (flushable) moist toilet tissue on a roll was introduced in the United States by Kimberly Clark in 2001. According to a corporate press release, Cottonelle Fresh Rollwipes was a breakthrough product that “delivers the cleaning and freshening of pre-moistened wipes with the convenience and disposability of toilet paper.” Internal market research seemed to indicate that there was a clear customer need for a new product to supplement dry toilet paper. Surveys and focus groups revealed that over 60% of adult consumers had experimented with a moist cleaning method (e.g., using baby wipes, wetting a washcloth, sprinkling water on dry toilet paper) and one out of four used a moist cleaning method...
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...tSee discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/255180324 Factors Influencing Motivation: An Empirical Study of Few Selected Sri Lankan Organisations ARTICLE · JANUARY 2007 DOWNLOADS VIEWS 5,720 1,459 1 AUTHOR: Thirunavukkarasu Velnampy University of Jaffna 54 PUBLICATIONS 110 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Available from: Thirunavukkarasu Velnampy Retrieved on: 09 September 2015 Factors Influencing Motivation: An empirical Study of Sri Lankan Organisations Dr.T.Velnampy Senior Lecturer, Dept of Commerce, Faculty of Mg Studies & Commerce, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka. Email: tvnampy@yahoo.co.in Abstract Motivating employees is a way to make them to give their best to the organization for the achievement of organizational goals. But choosing the strategy for motivation may differ from time to time and organization to organization, because it is a psychological phenomenon and it is depending on the preference of employees. Therefore the present study is made to find out the motivational factors with the samples of 676 respondents from 55 public and private sector organizations in Sri Lanka. The finding of the study is that the perceived level of motivation of the employees in both the sectors is high. As the factors influencing motivation, wages and salaries, physical working conditions, job descriptions, dependency, friendly working atmosphere, interpersonal relationships...
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...PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT Business Principles of Toyota Motor Corporation Toyota follows certain well-defined business principles guiding its functioning. These are: 1. Honour the language and spirit of law of every nation and undertake open and fair corporate activities to be a good corporate citizen around the world. 2. Respect the culture and customs of every nation and contribute to economic and social development through corporate activities in local communities. 3. To provide clean and safe products and to enhance the quality of life everywhere. 4. Create and develop advanced technologies and provide outstanding products and services that fulfil the needs of customers worldwide. 5. Foster a corporate culture that enhances individual creativity and teamwork value, while honouring mutual trust and respect between management and labour. 6. Pursue growth and harmony with global community through innovative management. 7. Work with business partners in research and creativity to achieve stable, long-term growth and mutual benefits and be open to new partnerships. These principles, will guide the company in its global vision 2010. This global vision envisages continuous innovations in future, use of environment friendly technologies, respecting and working with different sections of society and establishing an interactive relationship with society. Based on www.toyota.co.jp/en/enviornmental_rep/03 /rinen.html on 17.10.2006 CHAPTER L E A R N I N G OBJECTIVES 2 After...
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...management is the theory which serves as the ‘backbone’ to many current management theories. Scientific management will be briefly described initially. After that, the essay will identify why scientific management is an important contribution to management theory when Frederick Taylor proposed it.... [tags: Business Employee Management] 1639 words (4.7 pages) $19.95 [preview] Scientific Management - Scientific Management Fredrick Taylor, the father of scientific management. He had a firm belief in "one best way" (Samson & Daft, 2003), of doing something. In the year 1899, Taylor held an experiment that involved German and Hungarian men, whose job involved some very heavy-duty work (Gabor, 2000). To his disappointment, men either refused to work, or wouldn't work to his expectations. The men hated him utterly; to the extent he required security when going home (Gabor, 2000). In his entire dilemma with his employers, in stepped Schmidt, a man not of intelligence but had the strength of a bull and an ox-like mentally required to reach the standards of Fredrick Taylor.... [tags: Taylorism Business Management Essays] :: 3 Works Cited :: 6 Sources Cited 1822 words (5.2 pages) $29.95 [preview] Scientific Method - Scientific method what comes to mind. Do we start thinking of some type of formal process that will answer all our scientific questions or problems. When I was in school many years ago, we were taught that scientists go through a series of steps to find a solution to...
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...\CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR Basic concepts and definition Objectives: By the end of this lesson you will be able to: Explain why marketing managers should understand consumer behavior Define and explain basic concepts in the study of consumer behavior. Introduction Why is it difficult to market any product to consumers? The reason is simple: Consumers are complex and constantly changing. Not only is it difficult to figure what marketing program will work but also what worked yesterday may not work today. Thus marketers must constantly improve their understanding of customers. Understanding consumer behavior and knowing your customers is never simple. Customers may say one thing but do another. They may not be in touch with their deeper motivation. They may respond to last minute influences. Some companies like Kenya Airways, Equity Bank, Microsoft, Coca-Cola e.t.c have stood to profit from understanding how and why their customers buy. On the other hand not understanding your customer’s motivations, needs and preferences can hurt. In Kenya, companies like Elliott’s and Sang Yong Motors failed. Consider also the case of Kodak when it introduced its Advantage camera and proudly marketed it as a high-tech product but to a generation (usually referred to as middle-aged baby comers) for which the bells and whistles of new technology had lost their appeal. It was a costly bust. Basic definitions and concepts Marketing: Just to remind ourselves we can say that...
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