...Artificial Intelligence and Grid Computing Scott Carnahan Net 204-102 Artificial Intelligence and Grid Computing This paper is a look into how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be used in a network environment with grid computing. I will briefly look into how AI works, grid computing and what you get when you put the two together. What is Artificial Intelligence and how does it work Artificial Intellegence is a branch of computer science that atemps to simulate intelligent behavior in computers, that is to say, to get a machine to imitate intelligent human behavior(Merriam-Webster) and with any luck ignore unintelligent human beahviour. AIs have to learn concepts of the things they observer or work with, they then store what they have learned, like any other software, as chunks of data. An AI is usually presented with a goal to achieve they accomplish this by exploiting the relationship between the data they acquired and the goal they are trying to achieve (wiseGEEK). To put it into a simpler concept; AI is broken down into an If, and Then type programing analogy.” If this happens Then do that”, pretty much like Basic Programing. But the If-Thens are attached to something not so simple, complex algorithms that are used to record what all the results of the Ifs and Thens are, so that the data can be accessed by the AI, then when the condition happens again it knows what to do. For a little better explanation of AI algorithms look at Google's cloud-based machine learning...
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...Artifical Intellegence Charles Perry INF103 Computer Literacy June 18th, 2012 Christopher Powell Artificial Intelligence AI is defined as the ability of a computer or machine to think for itself, and mimicking the thought processes a human might have only smarter. The idea that a computer has the ability to react more intelligently than a human being has fascinated us for several centuries. There are thoughts of robotic red blood cells to create a scientifically generated longer life span or the ability to conquer certain disease.[1] Although there have been major advancements in AI and technology in this century that we never dreamed possible, we have yet to prove that science and engineering have the ability to become smarter than the human brain. Evidence of A.I. is said to be traced back to ancient Egypt but the ability to create machine intelligence was not developed until 1941 with the first electronic computer in 1955, Newell and Simon developed The Logic Theorist.[2] The Logic Theorist was a program that demonstrated problems as a tree and would attempt to solve them by choosing the best possible solution, based on each branch of the tree. It was in 1956 when the term “Artificial Intelligence” was first coined at the Dartmouth conference, where the proposed 2 month, 10-man study of AI would be carried out. The conference, in which John McCarthy called upon the leading researchers to discuss topics which were such a new topic to the imagination...
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...Artificial Intelligence Christianie Dor INF103 LaWanda Morant 8/26/2014 Like with most phenomena, our imaginations are far more advanced than our current reality. This is especially true in the case of technology and more specifically artificial intelligence. If the scientific movies were any indication of reality humans should be fearful of any technological advancement in the field of artificial intelligence because it surely means some type of machine uprising. An uprising in which the creator must fear the created. Such an uprising is something that we don’t have to fear for quite some time because unlike how artificial intelligence is portrayed in the movies, science has not gotten that advanced. As research and time has went on in the artificial science field the conclusion that “superhuman artificial intelligence is far from the current state of the art and probably beyond the range of projection for even the most optimistic AI researcher” has been made (Hendler, 1995). It will take many lifetimes to get artificial intelligence to the levels we see it on the silver screens. Technology, knowledge, and implementing the information we know into actual programs is something that will take more time and different approaches. In order for someone to understand the concept of artificial intelligence they must first have an understanding of what intelligence actually is. The subject of intelligence has fascinated researchers and philosophers for years. Humans...
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...a few weeks later, clicking the “send” button when you are done and receiving a grade back instantly, your essay scored by a software program. And then, instead of being done with that exam, imagine that the system would immediately let you rewrite the test to try to improve your grade. EdX, the nonprofit enterprise founded by Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to offer courses on the Internet, has just introduced such a system and will make its automated software available free on the Web to any institution that wants to use it. The software uses artificial intelligence to grade student essays and short written answers, freeing professors for other tasks. The new service will bring the educational consortium into a growing conflict over the role of automation in education. Although automated grading systems for multiple-choice and true-false tests are now widespread, the use of artificial intelligence technology to grade essay answers has not yet received widespread endorsement by educators and has many critics. Anant Agarwal, an electrical engineer who is president of EdX, predicted that the instant-grading software would be a useful pedagogical tool, enabling students to take tests and write essays over and over and improve the quality of their answers. He said the technology would offer distinct advantages over the traditional classroom system, where students often wait days or weeks for grades. “There is a huge value in learning with instant feedback...
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...Artificial Intelligence Growing up, I watched and enjoyed movies such as Short Circuit, Space Camp, and the Terminator. There would be no doubt in my mind that we as humans would be able to create artificial intelligence. I figured it was a no brainer as a watched the robots on the big screen think and make decisions on their own without any human input. Later on, as an adult you begin to realize that movies are fiction and it would take a very intelligent human to create artificial life that could make its own decisions and function like a human. With the help of Hollywood, when we think of artificial intelligence, we tend to think of immense robots that walk, talk, appear human, and also make friends with people such as a human would do. We need to examine the meaning of the word artificial intelligence. All textbooks define the field as "the study and design of intelligent agents" where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chances of success. John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1956, defines it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines.” Reading these definitions brings a greater understanding as to what artificial intelligence is and the fact remains that it has been around a lot longer than we think. I remember my mother buying a vacuum in 2002 called the iRobot. It would roam around the house without a handle or a remote control and vacuum the carpet. The iRobot would know when...
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...law was turned into effect by March 2012 and the Nevada Department of Motor Vehicles gave the first license for a self-driven car in May 2012. This license was given to Google’s car which was in this case a Toyota Prius. Google got involved with this issue as it is trying to develop technology for driverless vehicles. In addition, the project is currently being led by Google engineer Sebastian Thrun, director of the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory and the co-inventor of Google Street View. To develop this system, Google also had to hire 15 engineers. This topic about self-driving cars involves also other issues such as hardware and software, social and ethical issues and the social impact. As regards hardware and software involved, it integrates Google Maps with various hardware sensors and artificial intelligence software so as to take its passengers where they want safely and comfortably. Google Maps provides the car with road information; the hardware sensors provide the vehicle with real time environment conditions and the artificial intelligence software provides the car with real time decisions. Google Maps interacts with the GPS and acts as a database. In addition, it is in...
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...1 INTRODUCTION People have been thinking about artificial intelligence since before the 1950's. It was in that time that Alan Turing proposed the “Turing Test”. Which measures how well a computer can think by having an interrogator ask it and a human questions. If the interrogator cannot determine which is human and which is machine then the machine has passed the Turing test.[1] Its been 15 Years since Deep Blue beat the world chess champion Gary Kasparov. And since then chess computers have continued to improve dominate. Most notably Deep Fritz the desktop chess program beating Vladimir Kramnik.[2] Just 2 years ago IBM developed “Watson” a computer that played Jeopardy and beat former winner Ken Jennings and Brad Rutter.[3] With A.I. Improving the question of how intelligent machines should be used to interact with humans becomes more and more relevant. In what ways can A.I. be used to interact with people and what moral implications exist? 2 A.I. IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR Intelligent machines are already being used by many private companies. These are in the forms of autopilot, data mining, facial recognition, etc. Those are not form of A.I. that humans interact with. There some modern uses of A.I. Humans interact with such as automated systems and there will be more as technologies develop. Something else that will come along with the development of artificial intelligence is robots as domestic helpers. And both of these will bring with them many ethical questions to...
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...bears, pizza, artificial intelligence, mass hysteria, football, head transplants, and a talking monkey. It takes place about seventy years in the future when everything fun is against the law. You can get sent to jail for road rage, or eating too much, or forgetting to wear your safety equipment. Twenty percent of the people living in the United Safer States of America are in jail, so all the manual labor in the country is done by prisoners. I thought this was a sports book when I picked it up because of the cover, but it’s more like science fiction. Some parts are pretty funny, but it’s also kind of sad because the future looks like it could be no fun at all, kind of like that book Feed, which is good too, only by some other guy with initials instead of a first name. Bo Marsten, the hero, is in love with this girl, and when she goes out with another guy he loses it and tries to hit the other guy and ends up in prison in Canada making pizzas for McDonalds and being chased by polar bears and playing tackle football which is illegal because everything that can possibly hurt anybody is against the law. Bo has only two friends--a talking troll he invented on his computer for his AI class, and an unstoppable fat kid named Rhino. It sounds goofy, but it all makes sense when you read it, except for maybe the part about the mechanical dog that does everything a real dog does including pooping. The funniest parts of the book are when Bo talks to Bork, his pet artificial intelligence...
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...Question 1. Do a Web search to figure out which of the following tasks can be successfully solved by today's AI systems. For each item, answer "yes," "no," or "it depends." Support your answers with relevant links and/or your reasoning. Play a decent game of ping-pong (table tennis). Safely navigate a car in the desert. Safely navigate a car down Franklin street. Buy a week's worth of groceries on the Web. Buy a week's worth of groceries at Harris Teeter. Discover and prove a new mathematical theorem. Play champion-level Go. Solve crossword puzzles better than most people. Translate spoken English into spoken Swedish in real time. Converse successfully with another person for an hour. Perform a complex surgical operation. Unload a dishwasher and put away all the dishes. Give competent legal advice in a specialized area of law. Read a musical score from a sheet of paper and play it back. Write a funny story. Question 3. Answer each of the following questions and briefly justify your answers: Are reflex actions (such as flinching from a hot stove) rational? Can a simple reflex agent be rational? Is it possible to behave rationally in an unobservable environment? What is the relationship between learning and rationality? Would evolution tend to result in systems that act rationally? What goals would such systems be designed to achieve? Are human beings rational agents (in the...
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...developing technology known as Project Glass is now being developed by Google (Davis). What will be discussed is what is Project Glass, what can it do, where it will go, how it will look, when it might be finished? Project Glass will shape the way the future will be. Google is designing glasses, not just any glasses though. These glasses will have the same capabilities just about as an I-phone or Android. Either you wish to know the nearest café nearby you, want to go to the book section in a mall, attend a video call or set time for hang-out with friends with a message; it will handle all matters smartly and rightly in front of your eyes without tapping a single button - (Davis 1). Project Glass Stated by (Davis 2). It also works on artificial intelligence (AI) programming. Meaning you speak into it and the computer will do what you ask it to do or tell it. The glasses themselves will have thick lenses, a rough rim, and with a huge frame temple with a protective shield over it where I assume where all the components are being held at; possibly a little goofy but this is to be determined as the glasses are still in development. The project itself is extremely interesting, to have that kind of power in a pair of glasses that just sit on your head and all you have to do is say a command of what you want it to do; might I say this is a new term for being lazy. Driving made easier to where you know where to turn and when to turn without having to look in another direction decreasing...
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...Assisted Reproduction Richard Grogoza Grand Canyon University Ethics for Health Care Professionals HLT 312V Professor Paula Janine Duistermars March 31, 2013 Assisted Reproduction Assisted reproduction is an area that requires much thought. Who should be able to receive this assistance to who pays for it in the case of those receiving public funds. The ethical question as to whether a mother should be made to agree to “selective reduction,” or in common terms abort a fetus or fetuses in the case of multiple eggs that become fertilized needs to be addressed and answered. There are several ethical dilemmas that arise when dealing with donating eggs or sperm, as well as with surrogate pregnancies. Those in the low income bracket are susceptible to being exploited by the idea they can make money by donating their eggs. A woman willing to donate her eggs needs to be informed of the dangers associated with this process, such as; it is time consuming and requires a commitment to follow through with the process. Once the process is started the donor must give themselves daily injections of one of various medications that temporarily shut down their ovaries. These medications come with side effects that the donor may not be informed of. Ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome is another danger in which in some cases can lead to kidney failure and even death. The egg harvesting procedure is invasive surgical procedure in which there is a risk of injury to the bladder, bowel...
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...You Decide Health Rights/ Responsibility 1. Identification Based on my opinion the dilemma is that no one can agree whether removing Mrs. Margie Whitson pacemaker is actually ethical. Mrs. Margie Whitson has had a hard year so far and has come to the conclusion that she wants her pacemaker turned off because she believes it is prolonging her death, which is true because she is depended on it 100%. So based on this fact her pacemaker is the only thing keeping her heart beating at the moment. But despite that her doctor, Dr. Rana Vijay, refuses to turn it off due to fear of litigation or because of misperceptions of the ethical and legal acceptability. But despite her cardiologist refusal Mrs. Margie Whitson is very determined to have her way and calls for a social worker. This is when Jane Robison is called and decides to bring this case fort to the ethics committee 1. Information The Nursing Home Administrator Cindy Mackin believes that Mrs. Margie Whitson is at the moment going through a difficult time and is not thinking clearly. So far these last five years for Mrs. Margie Whitson have been difficult. She lost her husband of 68 years of marriage, her son died recently in the same nursing home, and her other child died around his 30s in a motorcycle accident. She is currently completely alone and this realization has rattled her. Not only is she alone her health is bad as well; she has had hip fracture that has slowed her down, and a heart attack, which resulted...
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...Artificial Intelligence (AI), a branch of computer science, is the study of intelligent systems (i.e. software, computers, robots, etc.). Alternatively, it may be defined as "the study and design of intelligent agents" where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chances of success. John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1955, defines it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines." AI research is highly technical and specialised, deeply divided into subfields that often fail to communicate with each other.Some of the division is due to social and cultural factors: subfields have grown up around particular institutions and the work of individual researchers. AI research is also divided by several technical issues. There are subfields which are focused on the solution of specific problems, on one of several possible approaches, on the use of widely differing tools and towards the accomplishment of particular applications. The central problems of AI include such traits as reasoning, knowledge, planning, learning, communication, perception and the ability to move and manipulate objects.General intelligence (or "strong AI") is still among the field's long term goals. Currently popular approaches include statistical methods, computational intelligence and traditional symbolic AI. There are an enormous number of tools used in AI, including versions of search and mathematical optimization, logic, methods...
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...calls, computers can’t replace people. But with artificial intelligence, computers could be trained to think like humans do. Artificial intelligence (AI) is the branch of computer science concerned with making computers behave like humans. Artificial intelligence allows computers to learn from experience, recognize patterns in large amounts of complex data and make complex decisions based on human knowledge and reasoning skills. Currently, no computers exhibit full artificial intelligence (that is, are able to simulate human behavior). AI research is highly technical and specialized, deeply divided into subfields that often fail to communicate with each other. In 1956, John McCarthy, who is thought to be the father of Artificial Intelligence, organized a conference where intellectuals gathered to learn of this phenomenon. This laid the foundation for the advancements in artificial intelligence today. Artificial intelligence has become an important field of study with a wide spread of applications in fields ranging from medicine to agriculture. The central problems of AI traits are reasoning, knowledge, planning, learning, communication, perception and the ability to move and manipulate objects. The greatest advances have occurred in the field of games playing. Today artificial intelligence is used in our homes and in sophisticated establishments or businesses. There are many advantages and disadvantages of the use of artificial intelligence in business and in our day to day lives...
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...Artificial Intelligence The computer revolution has influenced everyday matters from the way letters are written to the methods in which our banks, governments, and credit card agencies keep track of our finances. The development of artificial intelligence is just a small percentage of the computer revolution and how society deals with, learns, and incorporates artificial intelligence. It will only be the beginning of the huge impact and achievements of the computer revolution. A standard definition of artificial intelligence, or AI, is that computers simply mimic behaviors of humans that would be regarded as intelligent if a human being did them. However, within this definition, several issues and views still conflict because of ways of interpreting the results of AI programs by scientists and critics. The most common and natural approach to AI research is to ask of any program, what can it do? What are the actual results in comparison to human intelligence? For example, what matters about a chess-playing program is how good it is. Can it possibly beat chess grand masters? There is also a more structured approach in assessing artificial intelligence, which began opening the door of the artificial intelligence contribution into the science world. According to this theoretical approach, what matters is not the input-output relations of the computer, but also what the program can tell us about actual human cognition (Ptack, 1994). From this point of view, artificial...
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