...Industry 6 5.0 The Guest Host Relationship 7 6.0 Conclusion 7 7.0 References 9 8.0 Appendices 11 8.1 Components of Population Growth 1956-2006 11 8.2 The Snowy Mountain Hydroelectric Scheme 11 8.3 Population Growth Since 1945 12 8.4 Fares and travel between Perth and other Australian capitals by air, 1945 12 8.5 Number of Registered Cars and Station Wagons from 1919-2003 12 1.0 Introduction This research report will look into the economic development after World War II producing an increased market of business travellers and tourism in Australia. It will also outline some of the technological, social and cultural impacts on Australia after this time, which also led to the increase in the tourism industry. This report will also discuss how the baby boomers now have a large affect on the tourism industry today. The Guest Host Relationship between tourism and hospitality guests and supplier will also be discussed. 2.0 Economic Development 2.1 Economic Development In the months prior to Australia going to war, the economic conditions had worsen in some states including New South Wales which was still recovering from the Great Depression in 1930s [www.parliament.nsw.gov.au], however at the conclusion of World War II in 1945, Australia, along with many other countries entered an economic boom or “long boom”. Birth rates increased, as well employment rates and living standards [www.parliament.nsw.gov.au]. Migration also increased in...
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...The Ecumenical movement and Interfaith Dialogue has played a key role in reducing the rise of secularism in Australia and has played a major part in the contribution with reconciliation of the Australian indigenous community post 1945. From 1901 to 1945 the overall religious makeup of Australia had little to no change, it was a set of British colonies until 1901. Australia’s society was mostly Anglo-Celtic Christian, with approximately 0.5 percent recognizing as non-Christian religion. This all changed with the effect of migration to Australia after the Second World War, this post war period bought a huge variation to Australia’s religious and ethnic makeup. (Morrissey, 2010) Ecumenism refers to the movement towards religious harmony amongst...
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...Biography of General Henry George (Harry) Chauvel. Name - General Henry George (Harry) Chauvel Place of Birth - Australia: New South Wales, Tabulam Place of Death - Australia: Victoria, Melbourne Date of Birth - 4 March 1945 Outcome - During the Second World War, Chauvel took up the post of Inspector General of the Volunteer Defence Corps; he held this post until his death on 4 March 1945. Battlefields/ Conflict - First World War, 1914-1918 - South Africa, 1899-1902 (Boer War) Battalion or regiment - 7th Battalion, Australian Commonwealth Horse Final rank - General Figure 1. Chauvel on his horse Wars are extremely important for our Australian history as they exemplify the courage, loyalty and the determined hardship that our ancestors demonstrated as they fought for the freedom of our country. General Henry George (Harry) Chauvel contributed his life to Australian history, and as a consequence, he is a great example of someone who personified the ANZAC legend. The ANZAC legend refers to a concept that Australian and New Zealand soldiers share and maintain characteristics, and qualities that exemplify the bravery of those who fought the battles of WW1. Chauvel contributed his whole life to the war, and served our country well....
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...British influence on the Australian culture British settlers arrived in Australia in 1788 and the extent of the British influence is still evident today. The British Union Jack features predominantly on our national flag and the Queen is Australia's Head of State. British models also form the basis of Australia's legal and political systems, as well providing our national language. Up until World War II, Britain remained the dominating cultural influence in Australia. Britons also dominated the make-up of Australian society - most of Australia's citizens were either born in Britain, or had British descendants. In the years following the war, British subjects were encouraged to migrate to Australia under an 'assisted package' scheme, which helped with the cost of migrating to Australia and provided housing and employment options upon arrival. Between 1945 and 1972, over one million British migrants settled in Australia. Before 1945, many people, including Australians themselves, considered Australia to be nothing more than a British colony; a nation whose national identity was relatively indistinct from the British. During this period of Australia's history, our modes of entertainment, food, fashion, sporting culture and our social values and attitudes were largely dictated by British culture. American influence on the Australian culture One of the most significant changes to have taken place in Australian society since the end of WWII, however, has been its drift towards...
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...Religion and Belief Systems in Australia post Students learn about: | Students learn to: | Contemporary Aboriginal Spiritualities * Aboriginal spirituality as determined by the Dreaming * issues for Aboriginal spiritualities in relation to: * the effect of dispossession * the Land Rights movement Religious expression in Australia – 1945 to the present * the religious landscape from 1945 to the present in relation to: * changing patterns of religious adherence * the current religious landscape * religious dialogue in multi-faith Australia * ecumenical movements within Christianity * Interfaith dialogue * The relationship between Aboriginal spiritualities and religious traditions in the process of Reconciliation | * discuss how Aboriginal spirituality is determined by the Dreaming * kinship * ceremonial life * obligations to the land and people * discuss the continuing effect of dispossession on Aboriginal spiritualities in relation to: * separation from the land * separation from kinship groups * the Stolen Generations * outline the importance of the following for the Land Rights movement: * Native Title * Mabo * Wik * analyse the importance of the Dreaming for the Land Rights movement * outline changing patterns of religious adherence from 1945 to the present using census data * account for the present religious landscape in Australia in relation to: * Christianity as the...
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...The reputation as a middle power, Australia has received together with the Prime Minister of Foreign Affairs Evatt. It was he who most clearly expressed the concept. The process of transformation diplomacy of Australia as a middle power is more complex and has undergone a long period of time. In order to comprehensively study the Australian “middle power” approach, it would require a scrutiny of official parliamentary speeches and debates over the postwar period. In particular, the documents for this period confirmed that in 50 years the concept of middle power is not only fully met the expectations and deserved unconditional approval and support as Labor and conservative leaders. The main argument is that the concept of middle powers had an...
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...How Did Post World War 2 Migration Change Australia in Terms of Jobs? After World War 2, many immigrants came to seek refuge in Australia. People from all over the world, including Poland, Yugoslavia, Lithuania, Ukraine, Hungary, Italy, Bulgaria, Romania and the UK came half way across the world to Australia. Australia extremely benefitted from this immigration program as labour shortages were met, which ultimately created prosperity. Australia’s immigration program helped the population almost double to 13 million, from 7 million. Out of these 13, 3 million were migrants and refugees from different countries. The main reason for migrating to Australia was in the search of jobs. These people also help to protect Australia from external threats and to extend the countries prosperity. Although, before being allowed into the country, migrants were required to pass a dictation test in any European language. Arthur Caldwell, the Australian Minister for immigration in 1945 once said “Australia wants, and will welcome, new healthy citizens who are determined to become good Australians.” When the population nearly doubled Australia’s labour shortages were slimmed and these refugees contributed to the making of modern Australia. Once these people started working Australia’s economy dramatically increased....
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...AIA103 Australia New World Nation 3. Since the late 1940s, Australia has been transformed from a monocultural ‘British’ society to become one of the most racially and culturally diverse nations in the world. How would you explain this? Today, Australia is considered as one of the most successful nations in building a tolerant, inclusive, and culturally diverse society. Many people are willing to live in this land. However, the pace to this successful society is very tough. For the first 50 years of federation Australia, this country was a monocultural ‘British’ society. Most migrants came from Britain. Since the late 1940s, more people from different countries immigrate to Australia. Most of them are European migrants after World War II. This phenomenon triggered defensive reactions by the previous dominant of Anglo-Australians (Nichols, 2011). The dominant wanted to assimilate the immigrants at the first stage, but some conflicts occurred during this process. Then, the immigration policy has been changed from assimilationsm to multiculturalism. After the start of federation of Australia in 1901, the government utilized White Australia Policy to all Australians, preventing anyone to enter Australia unless they were from Britain and trying to make this country into an English-speaking, Anglo-Australian cultural one. At that time, English is the first language being spoken by above 95 per cent people in Australia (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2002). Britain...
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...Between 1920 -1940 was a significant period in Australia’s history as not only did Australia’s population continued to rise so did the health inequities experiences by those living in rural and remote areas. Flynns contribution of ensuring that individuals inhabited in isolated communities no longer had to be out of sight and out of mind by providing them with means to access to proper health care facilities was a huge success. Salient factors that affected his success include the epidemic break out, the post war period and migrants. The returning soldiers from World War 1 brought back Spanish Flu which was an epidemic break out. In just 1 year than 11,500 Australians had passed away from this illness. Fortunately, the Commonwealth Government...
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...British influence on the Australian culture British settlers arrived in Australia in 1788 and the extent of the British influence is still evident today. The British Union Jack features predominantly on our national flag and the Queen is Australia's Head of State. British models also form the basis of Australia's legal and political systems, as well providing our national language. Up until World War II, Britain remained the dominating cultural influence in Australia. Britons also dominated the make-up of Australian society - most of Australia's citizens were either born in Britain, or had British descendants. In the years following the war, British subjects were encouraged to migrate to Australia under an 'assisted package' scheme, which helped with the cost of migrating to Australia and provided housing and employment options upon arrival. Between 1945 and 1972, over one million British migrants settled in Australia. Before 1945, many people, including Australians themselves, considered Australia to be nothing more than a British colony; a nation whose national identity was relatively indistinct from the British. During this period of Australia's history, our modes of entertainment, food, fashion, sporting culture and our social values and attitudes were largely dictated by British culture. American influence on the Australian culture One of the most significant changes to have taken place in Australian society since the end of WWII, however, has been its drift...
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...The return of financial repression CARMEN M. REINHART* Professor Peterson Institute for International Economics Periods of high indebtedness have historically been associated with a rising incidence of default or restructuring of public and private debts. Sometimes the debt restructuring is more subtle and takes the form of “financial repression”. Consistent negative real interest rates are equivalent to a tax on bond holders and, more generally, savers. In the heavily regulated financial markets of the Bretton Woods system, a variety of financial domestic and international restrictions facilitated a sharp and rapid reduction or “liquidation” of public debt from the late 1940s to the 1970s. The restrictions or regulatory measures of that era had their origins in what would now come under the heading of “macroprudential” concerns in the wake of the severe banking crises that swept many countries in the early 1930s. The surge in public debts that followed during the Great Depression and through World War II only made the case for stable and low interest rates and directed credit more compelling to policymakers. The resurgence of financial repression in the wake of the 2007-2009 financial crises alongside the surge in public debts in advanced economies is documented here. This process of financial “de-globalisation” may have only just begun. * Research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research, Research Fellow at the Centre for Economic Policy Research. ...
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...“Violence walked the streets, smiling, not naked.” (Hans Magnus Enzensberger). Even though the persecution of Jews needed and there was no longer physical violence occurring, many people were still affected. Hand Magnus Enzensberger and Primo Levi wrote about post war Germany and the effects it had and the journey that people have gone through and were still faced with. World War II lasted in 1939 through 1945. It was between the Axis Power which was Hermany, Japan, and Italy and the allied powers which was Britain, France, Australia and the US. It was a mass genocide of Jews, which totaled up to more than 80 million people. In European literature, authors shed light on the affects and the outcomes of post war Germany. It sheds light on how the...
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...broadening of the human resource management as synonymous with employee relations. Industrial relations is used to devote the collective relationships between management and the workers. Traditionally, the term industrial relations is used to cover aspects of industrial life as trade unionism, collective bargaining, discipline and grievance handling, industrial disputes and interpretation of labor laws and rules and code of conduct. The History of Malaysian Industrial Relations Malaysian became incorporated into expanding European capitalism from the early sixteenth century. This inclusion evolved through mercantilism (1500-1850s) driven by Portuguese and the Dutch, colonialism driven by the British (a850s-1930s and 1945-1957) and the Japanese (1941-1945), post-colonial industrialisation (1960s) and ethnonationalist economic development (1971-present). A productive market economy was built during British colonialism with the establishment of capitalist plantation and mining export industries, based on immigrant Indian and Chinese labour. During the 1970s and 1980s the political-economic strategy sought to modernise the rural Malay population by providing jobs, housing and formal education in urban areas. In 1991 the Bumis (comprising Malays and indigenous populations) came to be the dominant Malaysian labour force in agriculture, forestry and fishing (72%), manufacturing (52%) and services (56%). Yet, in 1995...
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...he began in business as an office boy, and later started a business with relatives' support. [2] In fact, upon graduation, he worked in the grains department of Japanese industrial conglomerate Mitsubishi between 1942 and 1945 Kuok senior died in 1948, and Kuok and his two brothers founded Kuok Brothers Sdn Bhd in 1949, trading agricultural commodities. Under the new post-colonial government, Kuok started in the sugar business alongside the government. In 1961, he made a coup by buying cheap sugar from India before the prices shot up. He continued to invest heavily in sugar refineries, controlled 80% of the Malaysian sugar market with production of 1.5 million tonnes, equivalent to 10% of world production, and so earned his nickname "Sugar King of Asia". In 1971, he built the first Shangri-La Hotel, in Singapore. His first foray into Hong Kong property was in 1977, when he acquired a plot of land on the newly reclaimed Tsim Sha Tsui East waterfront, where he built the second hotel, the Kowloon Shangri-La. In 1993, his Kerry Group acquired a 34.9% stake in the South China Morning Post from Murdoch's News Corporation. His companies have investments in many countries, including Singapore, the Philippines, Thailand, Mainland China, Indonesia, Fiji and Australia. Businesses in China include 10 bottling companies for Coca Cola, and ownership of the Beijing World Trade Centre.[2] Freight interests include Malaysian Bulk Carriers Berhad and Transmile Group. His political influence is...
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...Post-1945 Multiple Choice and Short Answer 1: Dreaming - refers to all that is known and understood by Aboriginal people. It is the central spiritual concept because it determines not only beliefs and values but also relationships with other people and the overall environment. Aborigines are able to understand creation in a continuing and living sense by virtue of the Dreaming. It explains how the world was created by their ancestors and is passed on orally. E.g. dreaming stories such as the rainbow serpent. Dreaming links Aboriginals to the land, they are interdependent: “Aboriginals live their lives being at one with the land, and without land their Dreaming, tradition and culture are sure to die” (Anne Gray). Kinship – refers to the network of relationships that hold a clan together central to Aboriginal communities. Through kinship, they are instructed about particular obligations, rights and appropriate forms of behavior. It defines where a person fits into the community. Land is important to kinship and is often referred to as “my mother” so it is shared by many people. Disopession- Dispossession resulted in Aboriginals being separated from their physical land, kinship groups and the removal of their children from their families through the “Stolen Generation”. Dispossession first occurred in 1778 when the First Fleet recognised Australia as “terra nullius”. They implemented policies of protectionism where Aboriginals were removed from their rightful land and...
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