...Babylonian and Assyrian art Name Professor Institution Course Date Ancient Babylonia and Assyria empires were known for their huge development and conserve of artistry. Their work of art comprised of a lot of embedded messages which were only known to the subjects of the two kingdoms. The encodings of the meanings behind the messages served to reveal the basic structures of the kingdoms, the way people lived, leadership and power, the activities people were involved in and how ancient civilization happened. The empire of Babylonia emerged in the 18th century. The kingdom was rich in art that carried a deep meaning to the culture of the people of Mesopotamia. This kingdom was formed under the leadership of Hammurabi. Art found here included a great diorite head which was Hammurabi’s portrait. It was bearded and wide-eyed. There was also a large basalt stele that symbolized their leader’s governing ethics. At the top of the symbol was Hammurabi’s sculpture shown as kneeling and praying. There was also a statute showing a fertile goddess with a vase on her hands. This was an indication of the creativity of the Babylonian carvers. There also other many kinds of art in this empire and they all carry a specific and unique message to their people. Ancient Assyria is the modern day Iraq. Ashurnasirpal 2 was the king. In the king’s palace built in Northern Assyria were marvelous decorations and other art work. Today we have exhibits of great palaces...
Words: 421 - Pages: 2
...Marcus Banks-Bey_L2444950 June 29, 2014 Thesis Statement This research paper will discuss, and review the history of the Babylion Empire, its rulers, and the Empire’s influential relationship upon some of the major events which developed within Old Testament literature. Introduction Through my research, it is my intent to identify significant points within the history of the Babylion Empire, including its origins, development, expansion, eventual decline, and why it became a focal point of many of the major events of the Old Testament. From the Great Empire of Akkad, Babylon became a major seat of learning, culture, and technology. More than simply a city-state of defiance, and sinful practices, Babylon’s influence, very often viewed through a negative scholarly lens, shaped the history of Asia Minor, Northern Africa, and the world when approached from a biblical standpoint. As such, Babylon remains a critical, powerful nation in relation to its nation-state of Israel, and Old Testament history. Nimrod The Cushite The first nation-state identified within contemporary Biblical literature is the land that is “Ethiopia”, as mentioned in Genesis 2:13[1]. Most importantly, the Hebrew term “Kush” is the concordance term used by Strong’s, which is interchangeable with the term Ethiopia(n), and defines the peoples of Cush, Ethiopia as being Black, Africans.[2] It is my intent to avoid any racist terminologies which intentionally, or inadvertently were inserted into the bible...
Words: 3302 - Pages: 14
...Mesopotamia/Babylon History Babylon was probably the most famous city of ancient Mesopotamia. Until today the city is a symbol for wealth, power, and sin (largely due to its treatment in the Bible). The name Babylon is the Greek form of Babel of Babili, which means "the gate of the god" in Semitic, which again is the translation of the original Sumerian name Ka-dimirra. The god was probably Marduk, the divine patron of the city. Like the other great Sanctuaries of Babylonia, the temple of Marduk had been founded in pre-Semitic times and the future Babylon grew around it. As Marduk was the son of Ea, the patron god of Eridu, it is possible that Babylon was a colony of Eridu. The earliest mention of Babylon is in a dated tablet of the reign of Sargon of Akkad (2334-2279 BCE), who is stated to have built sanctuaries there. Babylon remained a provincial town until it became the capital of the first dynasty of Babylon and then Hammurabi's empire, around 1795-1750 BCE. From this time onward it continued to be the capital of Babylonia and the holy city of western Asia. The claim to supremacy in Mesopotamia was not fulfilled de jure until the claimant had "taken the hands" of Marduk at Babylon. It was this which made Tiglath-pileser III (ruled 745-727 BCE) and other Assyrian kings so anxious to possess themselves of Babylon and to thus legitimize their power. Only Sennacherib of Assyria (reigned 704-681 BCE) failed to secure the support of the Babylonian priesthood, and subsequently...
Words: 1291 - Pages: 6
...Introduction Paragraph Have you ever heard of Hammurabi’s code ? Hammurabi was a king in Mesopotamia nearly 4,000 years ago . He ruled the kingdom of Babylonia for 42 years .Hammurabi’s codes were laws that needed to be followed in his kingdom . The purpose Hammurabi’s code was to protect his people . Hammurabi’s code was just for 3 reasons Family law's , Creation of codes , and Property laws . Examples of just laws can first be found in the area of Creation of Codes . The first example is “ Below the two figures down in the prologue in which Hammurabi lists the names of the gods , saying that they have given him the right to rule “.This means that all the gods gave Hammurabi the right to rule . This matters to show it is just because...
Words: 444 - Pages: 2
...may not follow rules such as “An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth” like the Code of Hammurabi, whose punishments for a crime were much more extravagant and gruesome at times. There was segregation in gender and social status. The topics addressed in the code are some of the same topics addressed that we, today, value and instill. In today’s government we have laws of crime and punishment, monetary laws, and laws regarding marriage. We have these laws so we can have structure and a successful government and society. It’s amazing how such early civilization started these fundamentals and on some linear level, had the same values. Not discovered until 1901, the Code of Hammurabi shows us how Hammurabi viewed himself and the people of Babylon. This insight is significant. Hammurabi believed he could run his empire and gain power not through war but by using his intelligence. To find of how Babylonian society...
Words: 2731 - Pages: 11
...Ancient Babylon History of Babylonia The city of Babylon was the capital of the ancient land of Babylonia in southern Mesopotamia. It was situated on the Euphrates River about 50 miles south of modern Baghdad, just north of what is now the modern Iraqi town of al-Hillah. The tremendous wealth and power of this city, along with its monumental size and appearance, were certainly considered a Biblical myth, that is, until its foundations were unearthed and its riches substantiated during the 19th century. Archaeologists stood in awe as their discoveries revealed that certain stories in the Bible were an actual situation that had happened in time. The Tower of Babel The Bible reveals that all false systems of religion began in the land of Babylon and will have their consummation from the spirit of Babylon in the last days. It is interesting to note that every organized system of religion in the world today has traces of ancient Babylon. The Bible records in Genesis 10:10, that, after the great flood, all men spoke one common language and a man named Nimrod built a city and established a common religion. Nimrod was a descendant of Noah’s son, Ham. Genesis 11:1-9 describes the building of the city and its famous tower"whose top may reach unto heaven." It also records how God came down and punished the people’s arrogance by creating a confusion of different languages and possibly their racial distinctions. This way man would be forced to obey God’s original command to "be fruitful...
Words: 1431 - Pages: 6
...Code of Hammurabi Western Civilization and the World I 100 Professor Preface This paper will examine the Code of Hammurabi and how it affected the people of Babylon before, during and after its creation. The nature of the topic is to have a better understanding of how the Code of Hammurabi changed society, hindered women’s rights and independence and left a lasting impression for future generations. Chronology 1810 BC Hammurabi was born to the then-king of Babylon Sin-muballit. 1792 BC Hammurabi, king of Babylon, started his rule. 1787 BC King Hammurabi captured Uruk and Isin. 1784 BC King Hammurabi campaigned against Rapigum and Malgium. 1772 BC Code of Hammurabi was created. 1763 BC With the aid of Mari and Eshnunna King Hammurabi conquered Larsa, putting an end to the long reign of Rim-Sin I. 1755 BC Captured Eshnunna which was the last of his Mesopotamian rivals. 1750 BC King Hammurabi died and passed the reigns of the empire to his son, Samsu-iluna. 1738 BC Under Samsu-iluna’s rule his empire fell to the Sealand Dynasty. 1595 BC Babylonian empire restored to glory of the Hammurabi’s age. 1901 Code of Hammurabi monument is discovered by French archaeologists. 1910 The Code of Hammurabi was translated by Leonard William King. During the rule of King Hammurabi he wrote the Code of Hammurabi. This consisted of many laws that changed the society, hindered women’s rights and independence and left a lasting impression for future generations...
Words: 2447 - Pages: 10
...Product Safety and (Preemptive) Recalls1 Susan has recently been made product manager of PediaBoost, a nutritional supplement in her company’s infant product line. PediaBoost has been on the market for more than two decades, is FDA approved and is considered so reliable by the parents of newborns that the PediaBoost brand name is considered as synonymous with nutritional supplements for infants. Market research has discovered that adults are now using PediaBoost as a supplement during detoxification diets/flushes that are considered part of a healthy lifestyle. Market research presents their findings to the executive committee, and proposes a marketing blitz to effectively capture PediaBoost’s use in this alternative market. The marketing strategy will involve a sticker on the product touting the health benefits of the activity and PediaBoost’s relation to it. The marketing department gives a conservative projection of a 50% increase in sales of PediaBoost over the next five years. Everyone at the meeting appears to be impressed, especially since the PediaBoost production line has plenty of spare capacity. Indeed, most of the products the firm produces are in the “mature” phase of their life cycle and the firm is in increasing need of new sources of growth. At a dinner party Susan brings up discussion of detoxifications to kick start a diet. Several guests remark that they have used PediaBoost for this activity and that several books by diet gurus mention it by name as part of...
Words: 741 - Pages: 3
...Charlize: Yes exactly. So if someone said something about the future and his words always came true, what would you think of that person? Elise: I suppose I would believe everything he said. Charlize: Well the bible is FULL of prophecies that have come true. For example Cyrus. Why don’t we learn a little bit more about him? Let’s have a look at Isaiah 44:26-28. Do you mind reading that? Elise: (READ) Charlize: Notice in verse 26 it talks about the one making the word of his servant come true. So this is talking about Jehovah God, he is saying that what he says about the future will come true. Now in verse 27 it says that the waters will dry up and we learn in history that the king of Persia invaded Babylon. Have you heard of Babylon? Elise: Yeah I am pretty sure I have. Charlize: Babylon was one of the mightiest empires that ever existed, and the whole...
Words: 712 - Pages: 3
...village of …………………. Ca. 9000 BC had round huts 3-9m in diameter with roofs constructed of reed. d. The first evidence of a street can be found in the village of …………………….. ca. 5650BC in the island of ………………………… e. Prehistoric architecture did not consist of only houses, but other spaces that were probably used as …………………….. were also found. f. CA. 3500BC, the so called “city-states” like Ur, Warka and Khafje were located in the land known as ………………………… g. The Assyrians used glazed ……………………. in the decoration of their facades and palaces. h. The main building material in Mesopotamia is …………………………. i. The entrance to the palace of Sargon II in Khosabad is protected by two winged …………….. with human heads. j. The main gate to the city of Babylon ca. 665BC was called the ……………… gate. k. In Persopolis, the column capital had a capital of a double …………………… or ………………… l. The typical zone of transition for a Sassanian domes is called a ……………. 4- Mention the most important architectural features of the fortress of Mersin ca. 4500 BC 5- What is the “Urban Revolution” ? 6- What is the function of the Citadel in early cities ? 7- Why was writing and record keeping important in early urbanism? 8- What is a “ziggurate” citing examples. 9- What are the common features of Assyrian palaces? 10- Mention what was the topic of the scenes of the wall slabs in the throne room of Ashurnasirpall II in...
Words: 406 - Pages: 2
...only predicted that Yahweh will let his people go in captivity in Babylon but also the rise of Persian King Cyrus who will deliver them from captivity. So, what was really the role of king Cyrus in second Isaiah? According to the Bible and Cyrus cylinder( which is exhibit in British musueum) Babylonians were sick and tired of their King Nabonidus considered a tyrant with strange religious ideas. So, in October 539 BCE , the second part of Isaiah prediction materialized. Cyrus defeated the king of Babylon Nabonidus in a bloodless battle. Since all the subject provinces didn`t like Nabonidus , they all gather and recognize Cyrus as their legitimate ruler brought by their gods in response to their prayers. Soon after the victory, Cyrus free all the nations without taking anybody in captivity. Basically, king Cyrus first liberate the subject provinces and the babylonian from the hardship imposed by Nabonidus and then allow the Jews to go back to Juda and built a temple at Jerusalem for Yahweh. First, Nabonidus through his reign eliminated the celebration of the festival of new year. he neglected all the gods( nabo, bel,..) in existence before his kingship. He also turn in abomination the workship of Babylonian king of god Narduck. He also tormented the Babylonian with unbelivable oppression and forced labor.He turned the sanctuaries of all the settlements into ruins.So soon after the Cyrus conquer Babylon, he freed up all the subject provinces and reinstated the freedom...
Words: 401 - Pages: 2
...…………………. Ca. 9000 BC had round huts 3-9m in diameter with roofs constructed of reed. e. The first evidence of a street can be found in the village of …………………….. ca. 5650BC in the island of ………………………… f. Prehistoric architecture did not consist of only houses, but other spaces that were probably used as …………………….. were also found. g. CA. 3500BC, the so called “city-states” like Ur, Warka and Khafje were located in the land known as ………………………… h. The Assyrians used glazed ……………………. in the decoration of their facades and palaces. i. The main building material in Mesopotamia is …………………………. j. The entrance to the palace of Sargon II in Khosabad is protected by two winged …………….. with human heads. k. The main gate to the city of Babylon ca. 665BC was called the ……………… gate. l. In Persopolis, the column capital had a capital of a double …………………… or ………………… m. The typical zone of transition for a Sassanian domes is called a ……………. 5- Mention the most important architectural features of the fortress of Mersin ca. 4500 BC 6- What is the “Urban Revolution” ? 7- What is the function of the Citadel in early cities ? 891011121314151617- Why was...
Words: 435 - Pages: 2
...Attack! The warrior king said as they went into battle. Alexander the great has the story of a true hero. If you take a look behind the story of the man you will come upon the story of a model philosopher king. Alexander’s story starts as a young boy. Growing up under the wing of the historic philosopher Aristotle, who in turn came from a line of the most elite philosophers in history, and as the observant son of the great king Philip of Macedonia, Alexander had the makings of a great philosopher and king. Alexander had a competitive nature, which played a big role in his claim to greatness. As a young adult he claimed many victories, including taming the wild thoughtless untamable horse, which he named Bucephalus, and being a prized combat specialist. It came as no shock after his father’s assassination that he would avenge him, and in turn take the path of becoming one of the greatest kings in history. This leads to the next part of his story which his name the great was derived. As an attempt to avenge his father, Alexander sought after his murderer, who was believed to be king of the vast Persian Empire, Darius. This chase lead him to a conquest of which inspired the philosopher and warrior in him to conquer and explore the unknown lands and civilizations that were under Persian rule. As a philosopher he enjoyed trying new things, and was not partial in taking part in other cultures as he became more...
Words: 665 - Pages: 3
...Alexander or Cyrus? In our past, we have had many leaders. Some were better than others, but what must a leader do to acquire the label “great”? Of course, one could simply go by the definition of the word and deem the leader “above average”. Did the great ones of ancient times exceed these standards or were they just above average like a standard dictionary would have us believe. Let us focus on two “great” leaders of our past by the names of Alexander and Cyrus. Both of these kings were famous for the way they ran their empires but were they both, so called, great? Cyrus the Great was the first king of the Achaemenid Empire. While he was king, he freed 4,000 Jews from Babylon. He also founded a new capital, invented the first postal system, and was mentioned 22 times in the old testament. Not only did he build one of the most powerful empires in ancient times, but he made its glory last by organizing it and expressing his tolerance of different races and religions. Alexander the Great lost his father and became a king at the age of 20. While he was king, he expanded Macedonian territory. He did this through conquest and was never defeated in battle. In fact, he conquered half of what was known in the world at the time. He also founded a city in Egypt and named it “Alexandria” (after himself, of course) and Wheatley2 discovered trade routes in Asia. But, because of the excellent battle strategies he was known for, he is often called the greatest military leader of all...
Words: 513 - Pages: 3
...The Ancient Mesopotamian Law Hammurabi was an Amorite who lived and reigned from 1792 BC to 1750 BC. He is remembered in history as the 6th king of the Mesopotamian Society. He is known as a great leader who conquered and brought many different kingdoms under the protection and governance of the one great umbrella of Babylon. As a ruler of a large society, Hammurabi recognized the need for organized law and knew that in order to govern effectively he had to establish his authority as a fair and impartial ruler. It is generally accepted that Hammurabi’s Code was developed around 1780 BC, during his 44 year rule as king. The Amorites believed that kings were appointed by the gods to administer the law and protect the kingdom. Hammurabi’s Code was a set of 282 laws which established rules for bringing accusations against another and the corresponding punishments to fit the crimes committed, through an “eye for an eye” mentality. The development of Hammurabi’s Code gave structure and order to the kingdom by addressing each of the three social classes; the poor (mushkenu: a free person who was essentially lower or middle class), the rich (awilu: a free person of the upper class), and the slaves (wardu). The code also shows consideration for the protection of women and children and for the weak and the poor (that they might not be destroyed by the strong or the rich and powerful). The code also addressed unpaid debt, allowable reasons for a man or a woman to divorce...
Words: 652 - Pages: 3