...1. The researchers analyzed the data they collected as though it were at what level of measurement? Ordinal 2. What was the mean posttest empowerment score for the control group? 97.12 3. Compare the mean baseline and posttest depression scores of the experimental group. Was this an expected finding? Provide a rationale for your answer. The baseline 14.00 and posttest 13.36. Yes. It shows that there were little to no change in depression. 4. Compare the mean baseline and posttest depression score of the control groups? Provide a rationale for your answer. Both the baseline and posttest depression score were 10.40. This score indicates that the self management of ESRD may benefit from Empowerment Intervention in the future. 5. Which group’s score had the least variability or dispersion? Provide a rationale for your answer. The control group had the least amount to variability of dispersion. The control group only had one are of dispersion that was self-care/ self efficacy for the baseline and posttest. 6. Did the empowerment variable or self-care self efficacy variable demonstrate the greatest amount of dispersion? Provide a rationale for your answer. Self-care self efficacy SD baseline 14.02 posttest 12.24: empowerment SD baseline 9.02 posttest 8.91 7. The mean is a measurement of central tendency of a distribution while the SD is measure of dispersion of its scores. Both X and SD are descriptive statistics. 8. What was the mean severity...
Words: 448 - Pages: 2
...The Effect of Fabric Softener on the Plant Height and Flower Production in Brassica Rapa. Abstract: The effects of different amounts of Downey Fabric Softener were tested on two area of plant growth, flower production and plant height, to determine whether or not Fabric Softener is environmentally friendly. Each week for five weeks, the plants measurements would be recorded and the designated amounts were added. Fabric Softener was observed to be toxic to the plants by inhibited height and flower production. Fabric softener biodegrades into salt in the soil, depriving the plant of adequate water and thus proving the toxicity of fabric softener to plant growth. Introduction: The effects of different amounts of Downey fabric softener were tested on Brassica Rapa to determine whether or not this certain fabric softener is environmentally friendly. If Brassica Rapa is not environmentally friendly then alternatives to Downey can be explored. Brassica Rapa was used because high survival rate and rapid growth in waste areas and also in both acidic and basic areas (Young 2012). Downey Fabric softener is a household chemical that is full of nitrogen, constantly exposed to the environment, and also claims to be biodegradable (Austin et al. 1998) . Nitrogen is a limiting nutrient in plants and therefore the aid of nitrogen should effect growth (Freeman et al. 2013). The hypothesis that was being tested states that fabric softener will have a positive effect on the plant growth of...
Words: 1286 - Pages: 6
...Mental Imagery and its Limitations Carl Brown Grand Canyon University Dr. Mary Chmielewski PSY-812 November 13, 2013 Mental Imagery and Its Limitations Mental imagery is described as experience occurs without the presence of specific stimuli for the appropriate perception. Many professionals in sports training to achieve better performances have applied mental imagery as a technique. This idea has been there in sports for many years, however, it is recently being incorporated into sports training. As a psychological process intended to improve performance of athletes, it has presented positive results while other athletes have reported negative results from the visualization process. This paper aims to unearth whether indeed imagery is research founded or just a matter of popular psychology. Many researches that have been carried out by various experts explicitly indicate that the visualization concept is beneficial to sports. Mental imagery as a visualization technique has successfully aided to improve the performance of athletes. Studies conducted on imagery during the twentieth century have had inconsistent results due factors such as unavailability of reliable controls and subjects. However, recent studies on mental imagery have had sufficient evidence to suggest that it can improve performance of various sports. Finke carried out a meta-analytic research of sixty studies aimed at examining effect of mental practice on control conditions. The...
Words: 1242 - Pages: 5
...Essay 7: Effect of Expectancy Inductions on Rejected Children’s Acceptance by Unfamiliar Peers This article by Rabiner and Coie looks at interpersonal expectations and social problems that rejected children experience. They performed two studies to test the hypothesis that negative interpersonal expectations play an important part in the problems that rejected kids have in social settings. The first study was done to look at whether rejected boys are able to make a better impression on unknown peers when they are led to think that they will be liked. The subjects of this study were 76 black male third graders from ten schools in Durham North Carolina. Twenty rejected students and 18 popular students were identified and were the entry subjects and 38 average students were the hosts. The study took place in a group of rooms, including one with a one way mirror for video-taping. Two separate meetings took place. In the first meeting, the boys were grouped with others they did not know. They spent time learning names and answering questions about activities they liked. The next session was a peer group meeting and it occurred the next week. The group consisted of two of the hosts and two popular and two rejected boys. They were told they would be playing a game. They were randomly assigned to either a control group or experimental group. The first entry boy assigned to the experimental group received three communications that were to make them believe the...
Words: 1032 - Pages: 5
...Antitussive * Define Variable Properties. *VAR00001. VARIABLE LABELS VAR00001 'untreated positive control'. EXECUTE. * Define Variable Properties. *VAR00002. VARIABLE LABELS VAR00002 'treated positive control'. EXECUTE. * Define Variable Properties. *VAR00003. VARIABLE LABELS VAR00003 'untreated negative control'. EXECUTE. * Define Variable Properties. *VAR00004. VARIABLE LABELS VAR00004 'treated negative control'. EXECUTE. * Define Variable Properties. *VAR00005. VARIABLE LABELS VAR00005 'untreated 500 mg/ml'. EXECUTE. * Define Variable Properties. *VAR00006. VARIABLE LABELS VAR00006 'treated 500mg/ml'. EXECUTE. * Define Variable Properties. *VAR00007. VARIABLE LABELS VAR00007 'untreated 750 mg/ml'. EXECUTE. * Define Variable Properties. *VAR00008. VARIABLE LABELS VAR00008 'treated 750mg/ml'. EXECUTE. * Define Variable Properties. *VAR00009. VARIABLE LABELS VAR00009 'untreated 100mg/ml'. EXECUTE. * Define Variable Properties. *VAR00010. VARIABLE LABELS VAR00010 'treated 100mg/ml'. EXECUTE. FREQUENCIES VARIABLES=VAR00001 VAR00002 VAR00003 VAR00004 VAR00005 VAR00006 VAR00007 VAR00008 VAR00009 VAR00010 /STATISTICS=SEMEAN MEAN /ORDER=ANALYSIS. Frequencies [DataSet0] Statistics | | | untreated positive control | treated positive control | untreated negative control | treated negative control | untreated 500 mg/ml | treated 500mg/ml | untreated 750 mg/ml | treated 750mg/ml | untreated 100mg/ml | treated 100mg/ml | N | Valid | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |...
Words: 947 - Pages: 4
...Difference in Differences Model to estimate treatment effects Mayank Nagpal This week’s readings discuss the Difference in Differences model which is used to test the and estimate the effect of a particular treatment applied to the treatment group by looking at how the change in trend before and after the application of the treatment. To estimate the effect of a treatment we aim to estimate the difference between a person in a world in which the treatment was applied and a world where the treatment is not applied. In the real world however, only one is observable. Thus, we compare two different groups of individuals or subject where the pre-treatment trends are similar. In other words, the Difference in Differences model compares the change in trend in the control group and the treatment group given the assumption that the pretreatment trend in the two groups are similar. The basic assumption in the model is that if the treatment had not been applied, the control and the treatment group would show similar trends in the post-treatment time period. Thus, any difference in seen in the trend for treatment and control groups can be attributed to the treatment being applied to the treatment group. A fixed effects model which uses a dummy for the treatment vs control group and fixed effects for time and individuals is inefficient for the estimating the effect of the treatment as the individual differences may be misreported and be just noise. This may result in a measurement error...
Words: 497 - Pages: 2
...Journal of Applied Psychology 1984. Vol 69, No 3, 428-436 Copyright 1984 by the American Psychological Association Inc Moderating Effects of Initial Leader-Member Exchange Status on the Effects of a Leadership Intervention Terri A. Scandura and George B. Graen Department of Management, University of Cincinnati In afieldexperiment involving 83 computer-processing employees of a large service organization, a leadership intervention based on the Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) model was tested against a control condition The effects of this intervention were hypothesized to depend on the initial quality of the LMX relationship Thus, employees having initially low LMXs with their immediate supervisor were compared to cohorts having initially higher LMXs It was hypothesized that employees having initially low LMX would respond more positively (after adjusting for regression effects) to the leadership intervention than those having higher quality relationships. Analysis of interaction effects indicates that comparing the leadership intervention condition to the control condition, the initially low-LMX group showed significant gams in productivity, job satisfaction, and supervisor satisfaction compared to the initially high-LMX group The initially low-LMX group also perceived significantly higher gains m member availability and support from their supervisors than the initially high-LMX group. The initial quality of LMX appears to moderate the leadership intervention effect in the...
Words: 4962 - Pages: 20
...What are the physical and cognitive benefits of exercise on patients with multiple sclerosis? 1. Bayraktar D, Guclu-Gunduz A, Yazici G, et al. Effects of Ai-Chi on balance, functional mobility, strength and fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis: a pilot study. NeuroRehabilitation. 2013; 33(3):431-7. This research study was designed to examine the effects of Ai-Chi exercises in a swimming pool on balance and mobility in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Poor balance and decreased mobility is a common issue with MS, and the decline often limits daily activities. Researchers recruited twenty-three females affected by MS, and divided them into two groups. The exercise group performed Ai-Chi exercises for a 60 minute session twice a week for eight weeks. The control group did a home exercise program that only involved abdominal breathing and active range of motion exercises. Upon conclusion of the program, subjects were tested on static balance, functional mobility, fatigue, and muscle strength. The exercise group showed significant improvements across all measures, but the control group did not. This shows that the aquatic exercise program is a viable option to combat the negative effects of MS. A strength of this study was the use of aquatic therapy. The researchers stated that although this therapy is widely used, more studies need to be performed to gain more knowledge. Recording results on patients is concrete evidence that these programs work. This study was published...
Words: 2741 - Pages: 11
...Chapter 1 THE RESEARCH PROBLEM Introduction This Action Research was undertaken to describe the impact of teacher-made advance exercises as intervention on disruptive behavior of pupils when learning division skills in elementary arithmetic operation. The subjects of this study were Grade Two – A pupils who were constantly disrupting the class during Mathematics period taken from the list made by the teacher through visual observation. For the last two grading periods handling a cream class, a lot of repeated disruptive behaviors such as incessant talking or getting out of their seats to name a few, which were very taxing to the teacher, were observed. These disruptive behaviors were mostly due to boredom especially to those pupils who got to finish their seatwork fast. This called for a classroom management skill. Hollowell (2013) mentioned in her article that classroom management skills are essential for all teachers. Supervising a group of children with different personalities and backgrounds is a challenging task. You are responsible for their academic growth while ensuring that the learning environment stays welcoming and secure. This includes dealing with disruptive pupils. According to Tyson (2013), disruptive students are always present in every classroom. Regardless of scenario or perhaps how great you happen to be as being a teacher, in one way or another they will and can be found. All of which will develop problems provided an open possibility. But...
Words: 4006 - Pages: 17
...EXERCISE 11 Questions to be Graded 1. What demographic variables were measured at least at the interval level of measurement? 2. What statistics were used to describe the length of labor in this study? Were these appropriate? 3. What other statistic could have been used to describe the length of labor? Provide a rationale for your answer. 4. Were the distributions of scores similar for the experimental and control groups for the length of labor? Provide a rationale for your answer. 5. Were the experimental and control groups similar in their type of feeding? Provide a rationale for your answer. 6. What was the marital status mode for the subjects in the experimental and control groups? Provide both the frequency and percentage for the marital status mode for both groups. 7. Could a median be determined for the education data? If so, what would the median be for education for the experimental and the control groups? Provide a rationale for your answer. 8. Can the findings from this study be generalized to Black women? Provide a rationale for your answer. 9. If there were 32 subjects in the experimental group and 36 subjects in the control group, why is the income data only reported for 30 subjects in the experimental group and 34 subjects in the control group? 10. Was the sample for this study adequately described? Provide a rationale for your answer. (Grove 79) Grove, Susan K. Statistics for Health Care Research: A Practical Workbook. W.B. Saunders Company, 022007...
Words: 569 - Pages: 3
...Abstract Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular pathogen, has a strong affinity for nervous system. TgCtwh3, a representative ChineseⅠToxoplasma strain prevalent in China, has both characters of Type I and Type II Toxoplasma. The interaction of this atypical strain with host cells still remains elusive by far. Using a transwell system, neural stem cells C17.2 were co-cultured with the tachyzoites of TgCtwh3 or standard Type I RHstrain, the apoptosis levels of C17.2 cells and the expression levels of related proteins in the ERS-mediated pathway were detected by flow cytometery and western blotting. Results show that the apoptosis levels of C17.2 cells co-cultured with TgCtwh3 had significant increases versus the negative control group; however, the apoptosis level in the TgCtwh3 group were significantly lower than the RH co-culture group. Western blotting analyses reveal that after co-cultured with TgCtwh3 and RH tachyzoites, the expression levels of caspase-12, CHOP and p-JNK in C17.2 cells increased significantly when compared with control groups. After the pretreatment of Z-ATAD-FMK, an inhibitor of caspase-12, the apoptosis level of C17.2 co-cultured with TgCtwh3 or RH tachyzoites had an apparent decline, and the expression levels of those related proteins were significantly decreased. Our finding suggests that TgCtwh3 can induce the apoptosis of C17.2 by the up-regulation of caspase-12, CHOP and p-JNK, which are associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling...
Words: 279 - Pages: 2
...from 2008 to 2010 Home Credit Bank. Home Credit Bank has been established on the basis of the acquisition of International Bank Alma-Ata which existed since 1993. In September 2008, the Dutch company Home Credit BV acquired a minority stake in a small Kazakhstani International Bank Alma-Ata (IBA). The main holding of shares belongs to Czech investor Richard Benishek (90.1%). In November 2008, International Bank Alma-Ata was renamed to Home Credit Bank. This deal for Home Credit BV was an opportunity to expand to Kazakhstan market and increase the number of clients. Temirbank. Temirbank was founded in 1992 as a specialized railway bank. By early 1995, the state share in charter capital of Temirbank was 18%. In March 1995, a resolution on the sale of the state-owned shares was adopted by the government. As a result, the bank became completely privately-owned. At the beginning of 2009 Temirbank was in a quandary due to the global financial crisis of 2007-2008. In accordance with the law on financial obligations, the FSA made an offer to the government to buy back a controlling stake in the bank. In the deal, the government was represented by JSC National Welfare Fund SamrukKazyna which acquired 75.10% stake in Temirbank. Alliance Bank. Alliance Bank dates back to 1993, when one of the first regional banks in Kazakhstan – Irtyshbusinessbank was founded in the city of Pavlodar. On July 13, 1999 Irtyshbusinessbank merged with Semipalatinsk City Bank. On March 13, 2002 Irtyshbusinessbank...
Words: 521 - Pages: 3
...these receivables as collaterals. ● The cash received by the SPE from issuing securities will go back to the transferor to pay off the receivables transferred. ● The SPE is served as a “pass through”. ● The transferor can continue to service the loan for a fee. The procedure can be illustrated by a specific example of commercial bank: ● Usually a commercial bank establishes an asset-backed commercial paper (ABCP) conduit. The bank is referred to as the sponsor. ● The originating company sells receivables to the conduit. ● The conduit funds the purchases of the receivables with ABCP issued to institutional investors, usually money market funds. Investors contribute cash to the conduit and receive ABCP in return for investment. ● The originating company receives cash from the conduit. ● The sponsor organizes transaction and provides liquidity and credit enhancement, and in return receives a fee for its services. 2. When an investment bank is used as the sponsor of a SPE for securitization purposes, what are the roles/functions of this investment bank? What returns does the sponsor receive and what risks does it assume? 1) The bank is referred to as the conduit’s sponsor (or administrator) and in exchange for fees it serves two valuable roles. ● First, it provides conduit investors with liquidity: in the event the maturity of the commercial paper does not match the...
Words: 1894 - Pages: 8
...began my career and am very familiar with the internal fee and pricing structure on a retail bank branch. Fee income is driven not only by deposit and lending products but service fees that are generated from fee-based services that charged to customers. Similar to other for profit organizations there are four basic functions of management in banking. They are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. All four functions are necessary to ensure that a business operates seamlessly but may not be in any particular order. As a manager, proper planning and execution of the company’s assets and reputation must always be at the forefront. Always keeping the company’s mission in mind when strategizing daily activities or budget analysis is key in a management role. Organization from a managerial capacity is important and is only effective when you have the right resources and team in place that offer the greatest potential for success. Leadership is most often the first function to come to mind when discussing active management and entails much more that offering direction. An effective leader motivates and encourages their staff. They get to know them individually and identify what their career objectives are and what they are passionate about. Great leaders bring out the best qualities in their employees in order to get the highest level of production from them. Finally, controlling is enforcing corrective action when other approaches are not yielding positive results. Sometimes...
Words: 1130 - Pages: 5
...PERFORMANCE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN KENYA A CASE STUDY OF CO-OPERATIVE BANK OF KENYA 1.0 INRODUCTION 2.1 Background of the Study Commercial banks are institutions which accepts deposits, makes business loans, and offers related services. Commercial banks also allow for a variety of deposit accounts, such as checking, savings, and time deposit. These institutions are run to make a profit and owned by a group of individuals, yet some may be members of the Federal Reserve System. While commercial banks offer services to individuals, they are primarily concerned with receiving deposits and lending to businesses. 2.2 Profile of the Co-operative Bank of Kenya The Co-operative Bank of Kenya Limited ('the Bank') is incorporated in Kenya under the Company's Act and is also licensed to do the business of banking under the Banking Act. The Bank was initially registered under the Co-operative Societies Act at the point of founding in 1965. This status was retained up to and until June 27th 2008 when the Bank's Special General Meeting resolved to incorporate under the Companies Act with a view to complying with the requirements for listing on the Nairobi Stock Exchange (NSE). The Bank went public and was listed on December 22 2008. Shares previously held by the 3,805 co-operatives societies and unions were ring-fenced under Coop Holdings Co-operative Society Limited which became the strategic investor in the Bank with a 64.56% stake. The Bank runs three subsidiary...
Words: 940 - Pages: 4