...B/ The problem of NPLs in Vietnamese bank: I/The Definition of Non-Performing Loans (NPLs): Based on IMF: A loan is non performing when payments of interest and principal are past due by 90 days or more, or at least 90 days of interest payments have been capitalized, refinanced or delayed by agreement, or payments are less than 90 days overdue, but there are other good reasons to doubt that payments will be made in full. Based on the SBVDecision 493/2005/QD-NHNN dated 22 Apr 2005: NOL are prescribed to only debts cannot afford to pay both principal and interest or to fall into this situation. Within 3 months, if the debts that cannot afford to pay will be provided for bad debt. However, it also depends on the terms agreed upon by a loan agreement. Based on this Decision the NOL is classified in to 4 groups as follows: • NPLs Group 1 (Debts to which attention shall be paid) : includes debts overdue for less than 90 days and reschedule debts that are now no longer due according to reschedule terms. This group shall be provisioned at the rate of 5% • NPLs Group 2 (Sub-standard): includes debts overdue between 90 and 180 days and reschedule debts overdue for less than 90 days according to reschedule terms. This group shall be provisioned at the rate of 20% • NPLs Group 3 (doubtful debts): includes debts overdue for between 181 and 360 days and reschedule debts that are overdue for between 90 and 180 days according to the reschedule terms. This group is subject to a provisioned...
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...Banking system in the lower Mekong system Introduction In the last century, many reforms of the banking system have been done in Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Cambodia and Vietnam, the lower Mekong countries. Various policies and regulations were formulated in order to resolve the problems which were caused by planned economics system in these three countries. The development of financial system was mainly controlled by government and less freedom can be given so that it caused the less-developed problems among these Mekong countries. However, during the last decades, with the distribution of market-oriented economy government released the control of private enterprises and the discrimination of small and medium enterprises have been gradually eliminated. The banking system faced new challenge. New reforms should be done to adapt to the changing circumstance. The new regulatory and supervisory was strengthened for more efficient banking system. This essay will first illustrate the banking system in these three countries respectively and then find some similarities or differences between them during the reforms. Finally conclusion will be illustrated. Banking system in Vietnam In order to adapt to the transformation of economy system in Vietnam, much attention are paid on the banking reform and optimization. The financial liberalization process has been continued to accelerate. (1) The government made the duties of specialized banks clear and commercialized the operation...
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...RISK MANAGEMENT AND BAD DEBT CONTROLLING Case: ANZ Vietnam LAHTI UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES Degree program in International Business Thesis Spring 2013 Minh Thong To Lahti University of Applied Sciences Degree Programme in International Business MINH THONG, TO Credit risk management and bad debt controlling Case: ANZ Vietnam Bachelor’s Thesis in International Business, 53 pages, 3 pages of appendices Spring 2013 ABSTRACT It can be seen that the Vietnamese economy in the first decade of the 21st century has a significant development in the banking sector. Commercial banks represent a big role in this development. The banks’ capital rose rapidly and became an important factor in Vietnamese economic growth. However, a negative side always follows the result of any growth. Expanding operation leads to debt rate increase in most commercial banks. Especially bad debts rate rose rapidly. Bad debts became a serious problem for the Vietnamese economy. When the amount of bad debts increases to a particular point, it will hinder the development as well as the operations of the banks. Due to this issue, controlling the bad debt rate is hard work for all commercial banks. There is no model of solution for all banks. According to specific characteristic of each bank, specific solutions to control bad debt rate are provided. However, those solutions seem to be not as effective as expected due to many reasons. When Vietnam became an official member of the World Trade Organization...
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...Business in Asia Date: 04-19-2014 Executive summary Recent trends on borrowing and payment system for instance, in salary payment, debt payment, mortgage borrowing and payment as well as other loan services, more and more industries and institutions are dependent on banks more than ever before. This high dependability on banks is in fact making this banking industry highly competitive and concentrated as discussed below. As these industries take their time to analyze the merits and demerits of each bank in the industry and which is likely to benefit them more, the banks on the other hand strive to make their business attractive to those potential customers. What will result is onset of competition that will increase the innovativeness of the banks as each struggle to attract the highest number of industries in form of customers. Attractiveness in Banking Investment Introduction The recent years have seen a rise in large and well-established banks in developed economies. This has raised concerns on the effects such banks will have on the countries’ economy. Many economists are of the view that large banks may have a negative impact on a country’s economy as well as the borrowers. As such, there have been debates on whether or not large banks should be broken up into small banks that have less market power. Scholars from Vietnam and China advocated for the need to break up banks in order to reduce taxpayers and depositors’ risk and enhancing the...
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...Contents Introduction 1 I. Structure of State Bank in Vietnam 2 1. History of State bank in Vietnam 2 2. Structure of State Bank in Vietnam 3 II. Operation of State Bank in Vietnam: 9 1. Monetary tools that State Bank use to moderate the Economics: 9 1.1. Open-market operation: 9 1.2. Discount, rediscount tool: 10 1.3. Required reserve: 11 1.4. Frame of interest rate 12 1.5. Selective credit control: 13 1.6. Imposing credit limit: 13 1.7. Supply fiat money: 13 2. How State Bank in Vietnam applied these tools in its activities ? 14 2.1. 2008 Monetary policies 14 2.2. Monetary policies in 2009 15 2.3. 2010 monetary policies 16 3. Comparison between State Bank of Vietnam and Federal Reserve (FED) 17 Conclusion 21 Reference 22 Introduction The State Bank of Vietnam is the central bank in Vietnam, which is a state agency management of currency in Vietnam. This is the agency responsible for issuing currency, managing monetary policy and advise the relevant currency for the government such as issuing currency, exchange rate policy, interest rate policy, management of foreign exchange reserves, the draft bill on banking and credit institutions, to consider the establishment of banks and credit institutions, management of state-owned commercial banks. Established in 1951 under the name National Bank and renamed in 1960, the State Bank of Vietnam has gradually grown and developed, contributing important role in building and...
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...ANZ Vietnam Internship Report ANZ Vietnam Internship Report Internship Report Synopsis Name | Nguyen Tran Tuan Chau | ID | 03001011011003 | Program | Bachelor of International Management | University | Banking University Ho Chi Minh City | Duration | April 2nd – July 1st, 2014 | Advisor | Hoang Van Chien | Supervisor | Nguyen Huynh Phuoc An, Manager of Credit Assessment Nguyen Xuan Phuong, Assistant Manager of Credit Assessment | Type of Internship | Credit - Finance and Banking | Institution name | Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited (ANZ) | TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgement 4 Executive Summary 5 Chapter I: Company Profile A. ANZ Global 1. Overview 6 2. Achievements 6 B. ANZ Vietnam 1. Location in Ho Chi Minh City 8 2. Local Network 9 3. Website 9 4. History Background 9 5. Key Milestones 10 6. Shareholders 11 7. Achievements 11 8. Strategy: Blueprint for Success 13 9. Products and Services 9.1. Institutional – Commercial Banking 14 a. Institutional Banking 14 b. Commercial Banking 15 9.2. Retail Banking 15 10. Customers 17 11. Organizational Chart 17 12. ANZ Share Priorities 2014 18 Chapter II: Working Diaries 1. Internship Activities 19 2. Activities and the Role of Credit Assessment to ANZ 20 3. Performance of Credit Assessment – Personal Loan 21 Chapter III: Conclusion 1. Assessment of the Internship 22 ...
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...THANKFUL To complete this research report, I want to give the sincere thankful to the teacher in Faculty of Banking and Finance of Industrial university of Ho Chi Minh City to create a change to me complete my training in during the time I study at class to the time I traing at Vietinbank Mien Trung agency. Specially, I want to give the sincere thankful to Miss. Nguyen Thi My Linh who always side by side and clear up and helping me complete my training. Thank to credit officer of the credit department at Vietinbank Mien Trung agency always introduce me during the time I training. Because my knowledge is limits so that I can not avoid the mistake, so that I want to hope the teacher will receive the opinion of the lecturer aim to my report is perfectly. Finally I wish the teacher in Faculty of Banking and Finance always have a good health, believe to can introduce and continuosly teach to next generations. Sincerely Ho Chi Minh city, March in 2014 Student Signature To Ngoc Thanh Phong COMMENTS OF VIETINBANK MIEN TRUNG AGENCY Ho Chi Minh city, ......, March , 2014 COMMENTS OF LECTURER Ho Chi Minh city, ......, March , 2014 Signature COMMENTS OF THE PRESENTATION LECTURER Ho Chi Minh...
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...Analysing advantages and disadvantages of banking reforms in Mekong countries in comparative perspective Introduction In a number of transition economies the banking systems are at different stages of the transformation process from mostly planned to market economy structures. But the past two decades led to further distinctions in developments within these countries. This paper will review recent banking reform efforts in the lower Mekong countries (LMCs), including Cambodia, the Lao People’s Democratic Republic, and Vietnam. Associated by close economic and cultural links, the three LMCs have tackled the challenges of both economic development and transition to more market-based economies. These links are apparent as they are some of the countries that make up the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) which is a natural economic area bound together by the Mekong River. In 1992, with the assistance from the Asian Development Bank (ADB), these countries entered into a program of subregional economic cooperation designed to enhance economic relations among them. It is important to explain the economies of these countries to lay the grounds for analysis of banking reforms. It has become clear that increasingly, modernization and industrialization are emerging from a process of transition and transformation. The Mekong countries are gradually shifting from subsistence farming to more diversified economies, and to more open, market-based systems. In parallel with this are the growing commercial...
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...Economic Reforms in China and Vietnam: Two Differing (And Yet Similar) Paths China and Vietnam are currently two of the largest economies in Southeast Asia. Being neighbors, they share a lengthy history which includes periods of both cooperation and conflict. Their recent histories resemble each other in many ways – both China and Vietnam were colonized (though to different extents) in the period leading up to World War 2. During World War 2, both countries were occupied (though again to different extents) by the Japanese. In the wake of the war, communist insurgencies in both countries were ultimately successful in displacing non-communist regimes which received significant foreign assistance. Given the commonalities of their recent history, it would stand to reason that both countries would have similar experiences during both their Communist and reform periods. However, this has not always been the case. In this paper, I will argue that even though both China and Vietnam have made significant advances in liberalizing their economies, what they have accomplished is often blown out of proportion. In particular, the economies of both countries are still heavily controlled by their respective governments. Though they differ in some ways – for instance, Vietnam has done a better job of liberalizing its banking system than has China, and China’s economic growth has been marked by a steep increase in inequality which has not been seen in Vietnam, they are both fundamentally similar...
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...HANOI UNVIERSITY Faculty of Management and Tourism INTEREST RATE’S MOVEMENTS IN VIETNAM 2011-2013 Subject: Financial and Monetary Theory Tutor: Ms. Đào Mai Hương Tutorial: Tut 5 – FB10 Members: * Nguyễn Ngọc Minh - 1004040065 * Nguyễn Thị Lương - 0907010138 * Lê Thị Trang - 0907010234 * Trần Thị Ngọc Yến - 0901040092 Hanoi - 2012 Table of Contents I. Introduction 3 II. Interest rate in Vietnam 3 1. Definition 3 2. Basic interest rate 4 3. Ceiling of borrowing interest rate 5 III. Movement and factors affecting interest rate in Vietnam 6 1. In 2011 6 2. In 2012 7 IV. The effect of interest rate’s changes on banking industry 9 1. In 2011 9 2. In 2012 10 3. Forecast for 2013 11 V. Conclusion 11 Table of Graphs Graph 1 5 Graph 2 5 Graph 3 6 Graph 4 7 Graph 5 8 Graph 6 8 Graph 7 9 Graph 8 10 I. Introduction In Vietnamese financial system nowadays, banking has been the field with highest development speed. However, in the context of global economy depression, this bank’s quick growth makes our economy face many macro issues including freeze of real estate, fluctuation of gold price and interest rate, inflation, bad debt, especially interest rates of deposits and loans which mainly bring profit to banks. Banking system as financial intermediary in secondary market raises funds from different sources and then provides loans to customers and investment in securities...
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...Market in the Transition Economy of Vietnam, 1990-2010 VUONG, Quan-Hoang and TRAN, Tri Dung Corporate bond appeared early in 1992-1994 in Vietnamese capital markets. However, it is still not popular to both business sector and academic circle. This paper explores different dimensions of Vietnamese corporate bond market using a unique, and perhaps, most complete dataset. State not only intervenes in the bond markets with its powerful budget and policies but also competes directly with enterprises. The dominance of SOEs and large corporations also prevents SMEs from this debt financing vehicle. Whenever a convertible term is available, bondholders are more willing to accept lower fixed income payoff. But they would not likely stick to it. On one hand, prospective bondholders could value the holdings of equity when realized favorably ex ante. On the other hand, the applicable coupon rate for such bond could turn out negative inflationadjusted payoff when tight monetary policy is exercised and the corresponding equity holding turns out valueless, ex post. Given the weak primary market and virtually nonexistent secondary market, the corporate bond market in Vietnam reflects our perception of the relationshipbased and rent-seeking behavior in the financial markets. For the corporate bonds to really work, they critically need a higher level of liquidity to become truly tradable financial assets. JEL Classifications: G32, G38, O16 Keywords: Vietnam; Corporate Bond; Interest Rate; Transition...
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...Monetary Policy in Vietnam: Alternatives to Inflation Targeting Le Anh Tu Packard (tu.packard@gmail.com) Fifth Draft July 2007 Paper prepared for the Political Economy Research Institute (PERI) at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst with support from the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA). Earlier versions of this paper were presented to the May 2005 CEDES/Amherst Research Conference in Buenos Aires and the July 2005 Da Nang Symposium on Continuing Renovation of the Economy and Society. Financial support for this project has been provided by the Ford Foundation, UNDESA, and the Rockefeller Brothers Foundation. My gratitude and thanks go to two anonymous referees, Gerald Epstein, Erinc Yeldan, Jaime Ros, Lance Taylor, Per Berglund, and Phillipe Scholtes for their insightful comments and valuable ideas, and also to numerous colleagues in Vietnam including Dang Nhu Van for their helpful feedback. I am responsible for all remaining errors and omissions. List of Acronyms and Abbreviations ASEAN BFTV BIDV CEPT CIEM CMEA CPRGS DAF FDI FIE GC GDI GDP GNP GSO HDI IMF JV NEER ODA PE PER PRGF PRSC RCC REER ROSCA SBV SOCB SOE UCC UNDP VCP VLSS WTO Association of South East Asian Nations Bank for Foreign Trade of Vietnam Bank for Investment and Development of Vietnam Common Effective Preferential Tariff Central Institute for Economic Management Council of Mutual Economic Assistance Comprehensive Poverty Reduction and Growth Strategy Development...
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... various risks must be taken into consideration, as they can be great barriers to entry. The company looks to expand with the least financial risk, but greatest potential output and revenue. In evaluating the textile industry in Vietnam, as well as potential modes of entry, we may conclude a recommendation for Augusta Textile Industry’s future potential expansion. Introduction Country Basics Vietnam is formally known as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam and is located in the South China Sea. It is the thirteenth most highly populated country in the world (Hossain, 2010). The current population of Vietnam is estimated at about 90.4 million (The Heritage Foundation, n.d.). There are 54 officially recognized ethnic groups in Vietnam, but the majority are Viet (also known as “Kinh”), comprising of about 86% of the total population. Other significant ethnic groups are the Tay, Thai, Muong, Khome, and Hoa. The vast majority of the Vietnamese population speaks the Vietnamese language, but French is spoken on a small scale. English is the second language in larger metropolitan areas, especially in areas like Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City (“An Investment Guide,” 2011). Vietnam is divided into 59 provinces and on a cultural level, there are three Vietnams associating with three different Vietnamese dialects: the North, the South, and the Centre. The division reflects just...
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...Party and the Government of Vietnam decided to intiate an ecomomic renovation policy in 1986. After over 15 years of reforming economy, Vietnam has gained progresses and important achievements widely recognised inside and outside the country. Overall, Vietnam has shifted from a centralized bureaucracy plan subsidized economy to a market-oriented one, from an economy massively developing state sector and groups to a diverse multilateral open economy, from an economy priotising heavy industries to an economy emphasizing 3 strategic econmic plans: food and foodstuff, consumer goods exports. The economic growing process in the past 15 years can be divided into the following periods : The 1986-1991 period It was the period of transition, having the most important meaning in the process of tranfering from a centralised planning mechanism to a market one in the context of severe socio-economic crisis in the early 80s. In this period, Vietnam had to face many difficulties and challenges. Foreign investment environment of Vietnam was quite open but some points in its foreign-investment laws were still inadequate and failed to meet the demands of foreign investors. Vietnam’s facility was outdated, not being suitable for its integration into the regional and the world’ecomony. The heavy bulky management mechanism with spead beraucracy was one of the great hinders to investors. The Dong though was quite stable, it wasn’t still convertible. Banking system was backward and inefficient...
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... IBS_HSBC in China Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation was founded to finance the growing trade between Europe, India and China in Hong Kong March 1865 and month later in Shanghai. (King, 1987) With its longtime settled in China, HSBC is already member of top tier financial institutions operating in the biggest emerging market and been the largest foreign banking group in China. This essay is aiming to exam the strategy of HSBC revolution over the years in China, meanwhile to illustrate the HSBC’s strategy changed before and after China’s accession to the WTO. Then, the strategy of HSBC’s expands in China’s rural areas will be mentioned with both evaluation of advantages and disadvantages. Following, the strategy of HSBC on how to enter and operate in the other emerging markets will be discussed in terms of successful cases and setbacks. Finally, the influence from world economic crisis on HSBC and future potential opportunities for HSBC will definitely be focused on. Before the WTO accession in 2001, China’s banking industry relied on directed lending practices from government, in turn created many China’s most successful enterprises under centrally planed economy. This approach resulted in thousands of state-owned enterprises, which were unprofitable and inefficient...
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