...Shrijal Desai Rhetoric 105 5 December 2014 Cognitive and Social Development in Children From Bill Gates and Steve Jobs to Mark Zuckerberg and Steve Chen, these famous house-hold names have impacted our society immensely through their ingenuity and creative inventions. These big names have had a significant influence on people, specifically children, from not only the education they received but also the environment from which the education was provided.The environment in which one is in plays a key role in the progression a person makes, in terms of cognitive and social development which contribute to educational success. Whether the location is one that catalyzes and promotes growth and excellence, or one that decelerates the maturation of a child’s cognitive and social ability, the neighborhoods in which people are raised in have a large impact on children who are moving through the developmental process. Hence, two vastly different locations, in this case the town of Englewood, Chicago and Wicker Park, Chicago, have completely opposite effects on the children in each respective neighborhood. The notorious neighborhood of Englewood has a reputation for being a crime infested, violent area. On the contrary, Wicker Park is known for the numerous artist that inhabit the town, as well the art shows and festivals that take place annually and the location’s successful school system. The issue of these poverty stricken locations and their effect on the development of children...
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...divided into four major divisions: The cerebrum, the diencephalon, the cerebellum and the midbrain. The first division is further subdivided into four parts. The frontal lobe, the parietal lobe and the occipital lobe. In the frontal lobe, the precentral gyrus (motor cortex) controls voluntary motor activity. The Broca’s area coordinates the complex muscular activity of the mouth, tongue, and larynx and makes expressive motor speech possible. The frontal area also controls attention and concentration, motivation, ability to formulate goals, the ability to plan, the ability to initiate and maintain action, ability to self monitor and the ability to use feedback (executive functions). These areas contribute to reasoning, problem solving and emotional stability. The parietal lobes interpret temperature, touch and pleasure. Concept formation and abstraction happens and are formulated in this area. The parietal lobes form two sides; the left parietal lobe and the right parietal lobe. The left parietal lobe assists with right and left orientation and mathematics, while the right parietal lobe is used for awareness, as to shape (steriognosis) and size as well as body position (proprioception). The occipital lobe is responsible for usual interpretation and association. The temporal lobe is responsible for hearing and smell sensation as well as storage for some complex memories. The second major division of the brain is the Diencephalon which is responsible...
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...AMA Computer Learning Center St. Augustine School of Nursing A Case Study Presented to the faculty of AMA Computer Learning Center Guagua, Pampanga Cerebrovascular Accident Submitted to: Mr. John Eric T. Salvador B.S.N, R.N Submitted by: Almario, Jeanette Cayanan. Gemmalyn Joy Quitaleg, Mary Jane Santos, Cariza Joy M. 3k-PN October ‘09 Table of Content Page Introduction 1 Personal History 2 Lifestyle and Diet 3 Complete Physical Assessment 4-9 Neurological Assessment 10-11 Laboratory Procedure 12-13 Diagnostic Procedure 14 Anatomy and Physiology 15-17 Pathophysiology of Cerebrovascular Accident 18-19 Drug Study 20-21 Diet and Activity 23 SOAPIE (actual) 24 SOAPIE (potential) 25 Conclusion 26 Recommendations 27 Bibliography 28 NCP (actual/ potential ) 29-33 Introduction A stroke is damage to part of the brain when its blood supply is suddenly reduced or stopped. A stroke may also be called a cerebral vascular accident, or CVA. The part of the brain deprived of blood dies and can no longer function. Blood is prevented from reaching brain tissue when a blood vessel leading to the brain becomes blocked (ischemic) or bursts (hemorrhagic). The symptoms of a stroke differ, depending on the part of the brain affected and the extent of the damage. Symptoms following a stroke come on suddenly...
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...The Magnocellular pathway receives information from the M ganglion cells about motion, spatial relationships and contrast cues and sends its input via the dorsal pathway to the parietal lobe. The Parvocelleular pathway is responsible for detecting fine, attuned details such as colors or form in our vision and sends its input from P Ganglion cells via the ventral pathway to the Temporal lobe. However, since the Parvocelleular pathway is responsible for detecting details, there has been doubt as to whether this pathway can grab attention in our peripheral in addition to focusing our attention to specific stimuli in our visual field. This study expands upon the previous views because it explores the central purpose of color vision and whether it can be aided my motion cues. The experiment attempts to see if the Magnocellular pathway and Parvocellular pathway interact by using color stimuli to grab attention and govern visual behaviors, such as moving the eyes to focus on a...
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...on the phone to your mother if you didn't have temporal lobe association areas? What would you hear? What would you understand? What would you feel? Imagine functioning without certain brain areas. What would it be like to talk on the phone to your mother if you didn't have temporal lobe association areas? What would you hear? What would you understand? What would you feel? Imagine functioning without certain brain areas. What would it be like to talk on the phone to your mother if you didn't have temporal lobe association areas? What would you hear? What would you understand? What would you feel? Imagine functioning without certain brain areas. What would it be like to talk on the phone to your mother if you didn't have temporal lobe association areas? What would you hear? What would you understand? What would you feel? Imagine functioning without certain brain areas. What would it be like to talk on the phone to your mother if you didn't have temporal lobe association areas? What would you hear? What would you understand? What would you feel? Imagine functioning without certain brain areas. What would it be like to talk on the phone to your mother if you didn't have temporal lobe association areas? What would you hear? What would you understand? What would you feel? Imagine functioning without certain brain areas. What would it be like to talk on the phone to your mother if you didn't have temporal lobe association areas? What would you hear? What would you...
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...Child Psychology Exam 3 – Study Guide What will Exam 3 Cover? Exam 3 will cover all lectures and assigned textbook material from Chapters 7 (p257-260), 8, 9, 10 (p 366-367), 11, and 12. There may be some overlap between the concepts from the first parts of this course, as many of the ideas we discussed during infancy are also important during early and middle childhood, but the exam will focus on early and middle childhood. • What are some of the main advances in children’s thinking during early childhood? o Growth of representational skills- one objects stands/represents another ex. Banana as phone • Be able to describe the findings of the various conservation tasks. What do they tell us? o Conservation of number: young children (4-5 yo) don’t understand # of chips is still same b/c now occupy more space; older children understand concept of conservation o Conservation of length; area; mass; displaced liquid: all results are same as number task 4-5 yo unable to understand conservation concept; they think more now when still is same • What does the Judy Deloache model-room study examine? How do children do on this task at different time points in development? o 2 ½ - 3 ½ y.o watched as she hid toy in model room; Results: 2 y.o didn’t know tasks were related and searched larger room at random; 3 y.o searched in same location as model room o Study examines child’s representational skills: ability to recognize that one object stands for another ie. Small model...
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...THE USES OF REASON by Jonah Lehrer The summer of 1949 had been long and dry in Montana; the grassy highlands were like tinder. On the afternoon of August 5—the hottest day ever recorded in the area—a stray bolt of lightning set the ground on fire. A parachute brigade of firefighters, known as smokejumpers, was dispatched to put out the blaze. Wag Dodge, a veteran with nine years of smokejumping experience, was in charge. When the jumpers took off from Missoula in a C-47, a military transport plane left over from World War II, they were told that the fire was small, just a few burning acres in the Mann Gulch river valley. As the plane approached the fire, the jumpers could see the smoke in the distance. The hot wind blew it straight across the sky. Mann Gulch is a place of geological contradiction. It is where the Rocky Mountains meet the Great Plains, pine trees give way to prairie grass, and the steep cliffs drop onto the steppes of the Midwest. The gulch is just over three miles long, but it marks the border between these two different terrains. The fire began on the Rockies’ side, on the western edge of the gulch. By the time the firefighters arrived at the gulch, the blaze had grown out of control. The surrounding hills had all been burned; the landscape was littered with the skeletons of pine trees. Dodge moved his men over to the grassy side of the gulch and told them to head downhill, toward the placid Missouri River. Dodge didn’t trust this blaze. He wanted to be near...
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...Frankford Rd #110 Carrolton, TX 12345 January 16, 2012 Attn: Director of Claims BlueCross Shield Insurance 124 Halfway Road, #111 Phoenix, AZ 1236 Re: Katherine Magno Policy #: 789-44-1010 Insured: Katherine Magno Treatment Dates: December 14, 2011 Amount: $ 18,000.00 To Whom It May Concern I am writing to assist our patient Katherine Magno in the appealing the decision of BlueCross Shield Insurance to deny his benefits for a Surgery on December 14, 2012. The basis for the rejection is that BlueCross Shield Insurance states they had no prior authorization on file for this date of service. Here are some Treatments that we did: • 191 Brain Tumor x4 • 61500 Craniotomy • Frontal Lobe- $ 8,000.00 • Temporal Lobe- $ 5,000.00 •Occipital Lobe- $ 3,000.00 •Parietal Lobe- $ 2,000.00 I am appealing this denial as the denial of this claim is not warranted. The explanation of benefits did not provide enough information to establish the validity of this decision to deny the claim. Therefore, I request you to provide the following information to support the denial of the treatment. Please provide the credentials and the name of the insurance representative who checked the treatment records. Also, please furnish the outline of the specific records reviewed and the description of any records that were missing and would be required to be produced in order to approve the treatment. Please do review this claim again. The information provided is correct and the right...
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...by severing nerve connections that connect the frontal lobe to the rest of the brain. In the past it was belived that these would re-generate into healthy connections, however this idea was later proven to be invalid. As well as depression, psychosurgery has also been used for people with severe OCD, bi-polar disorder and schizophrenia. This first assumption of the biological approach is that behaviour is caused by physical structures in the body ( i.e, the brain, hormones, neurotransmitters). It therefore follws that biological psychologists belive that mental illness have a physical cause and so psychosurgery links to this as it aims to treat mental illness by physically altering brain structure. The biological approach also assumes that different parts of the brain have different functions (i.e., localisation of function) and so psychosurgery links to this as surgery on a specific area will affect a certain behaviour/function (i.e damage to the frontal lobe will affect personality and emotions). This idea underlies psychosurgery as the intention is to disrupt a particular brain function in order to suppress the symptoms of mental illness. The historical basis for psychosurgery came from the case of Phieas Gage which highlighted that the frontal lobes are linked to personality (but not intelligence or memory). Furthermore, Moinz reported research where monkeys with aggresive tendencies were subdued after frontal lobes removed. In the 1940's and 1950's lobotonies were performed...
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...Psy 260 May 15, 2011 Patricia Adesso Phineas Gage The brain is most complex of all of the organs in the body. The brain is the place where emotions, perception, planning, memory, action, thinking, learning and language, among other things, all take place. Cognitive functioning takes place in the cerebrum, the largest part of the brain and is carried out by neurons. The brain is made up of thousands of neurons that are responsible for carrying messages from the brain and into the body. These neurons interact with one another by releasing a neurotransmitter that fits on to the receptor of a neighboring neuron. When the receptor is triggered in the brain it causes the body to react, act, think, feel, learn and so forth. But how does this actually work? Brain imaging has given us some insight to answer this question. Brain imaging like MRI’s, CAT, and PET scans all help in discovering the brains role in cognitive functioning. Advances in imaging technology have helped researchers pin point which areas of the brain are responsible for thinking, learning and memory. By recording activity of the brain in action, researchers can examine the systems of brain regions that participate in different cognitive functions, ranging from basic sensory and motor functions to complex functions like reasoning and language understanding. According to the Center for Neural Basis of Cognition (CNBC) at the University of Pittsburg “To discover how brain cells actually support cognitive processes...
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...Joseph The Power of Prayer and Meditation Since the beginning of man, there has been prayer and meditation. While that may be common knowledge, most do not know the effects prayer and meditation have on the human mind and body. Many people may regard these practices as useless and archaic, however many also believe they have powerful effects; such as stress relief, and improvement of mental and physical health and even brain growth. Although it may be a controversial subject, there are many studies on the effects of these practices. In the end, the actuality of these affects remains a mystery. Though both claim to produce much of the same effects, prayer and meditation are a little different; Meditation is the art or discipline of slowing one’s thoughts to enter a place of spiritual peace or focus. Prayer is the act of conversing to or with a deity. Despite what you may believe, Prayer is a widely used practice. “One third of Americans use prayer to facilitate physical healing,” (Jeffrey, Kluger, Park, Walsh p.1) States an article on the benefits of prayer on health. Western medicine may attempt to water down the connection between prayer and healing, yet some studies show that there is a connection between meditation, prayer and good emotional and physical health. We often get caught up in our in our fast paced lives with stress not following far behind. There are many avenues to choose when it comes to dealing with stress appropriately; such as exercise...
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...there was a significant impairment in executive functions and divided attention in the elderly’s performance on the two tests as compared to the young adult whose abilities seem intact. INTRODUCTION The cerebral cortex can be divided into four sections, which are known as lobes, named for the bones of the skull that cover them. The frontal lobe refers to the anterior portion of the cerebral cortex and includes everything in front of the central sulcus. The frontal lobe contains most of the dopamine-sensitive neurons in the cerebral cortex. The dopamine system is associated with reward, attention, short-term memory tasks, planning, and drive. Dopamine tends to limit and select sensory information arriving from the thalamus to the fore-brain. Recent advances have uncovered important roles for the frontal lobes in a multitude of cognitive processes, such as executive function, attention, memory, and language. The importance of the frontal lobes in processes underlying affect, mood, personality, self-awareness, as well as social and moral reasoning, is also a renewed area for research.The prefrontal cortex makes it possible to perceive, even anticipate the consequences of brain's behaviour. The frontal lobes are considered as the emotional control centre and home to personality. Posner presents a model of attention that proposes that...
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...H Y E H M R H C P V O C G O Y C J C O R P U S C A L L O S U M I D C V T E T S U G V E N C Y P T M F A P A Y F K G R U U L H O N O R E Z H S O I L R Y V Z G E Q M I N W P M D Y H V T T A O U W X D X B T A P N P C Y G E R P A P S F K V D C A R D L O I F D B I J D L K N H E X S I E U A R A H T O F Y V T L L E C G Y C M M R A L B H L F Y H G V O N S N U O S Q A L E A C L T I I S V M B C O K S H Y Q L T C B A O J O I C Z E E W T S W E B O L L A T E I R A P V N R H F A B A O B Q M Z N Z I L J T N Y E C J T M H G E P A X O G E U L L N E B H E W D O U M O T O R C O R T E X U R X L T L H S W A I T F N I T V P J S U M A L A H T J B Z G R M T B F C G S M C F X A S D B Clues: 1. The part of the brain located in the temporal lobe that is responsible for our emotional response. __ Amygdala______________ 2. The portion of the brain involved in intricate cognitive functioning. _ Cerebrum__________________ 3. A part of the brain that belongs to the limbic system and is responsible for processing new memories. _ Hippocampus_______________ 4. A structure that is known to be a key relay station for sensory information. _ Thalamus_______________ 5. An area of the cerebral cortex involved in organizing, controlling, directing, and performing motor functions. ____ Motor Cortex____________ 6. A part of the brain located in the back of the cerebral cortex that is responsible for processing visual information. _ Occipital Lobe_______________ 7. The part of the brain that...
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...H Y E H M R H C P V O C G O Y C J C O R P U S C A L L O S U M I D C V T E T S U G V E N C Y P T M F A P A Y F K G R U U L H O N O R E Z H S O I L R Y V Z G E Q M I N W P M D Y H V T T A O U W X D X B T A P N P C Y G E R P A P S F K V D C A R D L O I F D B I J D L K N H E X S I E U A R A H T O F Y V T L L E C G Y C M M R A L B H L F Y H G V O N S N U O S Q A L E A C L T I I S V M B C O K S H Y Q L T C B A O J O I C Z E E W T S W E B O L L A T E I R A P V N R H F A B A O B Q M Z N Z I L J T N Y E C J T M H G E P A X O G E U L L N E B H E W D O U M O T O R C O R T E X U R X L T L H S W A I T F N I T V P J S U M A L A H T J B Z G R M T B F C G S M C F X A S D B Clues: 1. The part of the brain located in the temporal lobe that is responsible for our emotional response. ________________ 2. The portion of the brain involved in intricate cognitive functioning. ___________________ 3. A part of the brain that belongs to the limbic system and is responsible for processing new memories. ________________ 4. A structure that is known to be a key relay station for sensory information. ________________ 5. An area of the cerebral cortex involved in organizing, controlling, directing, and performing motor functions. ________________ 6. A part of the brain located in the back of the cerebral cortex that is responsible for processing visual information. ________________ 7. The part of the brain that is highly involved in the control of the autonomic nervous system...
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...While driving down the freeway do you ever see a car in front of you that is swerving or speeding up and slowing down? Then you think to yourself, “I don’t want to follow behind or be in the lane right next to them.” So you speed up, and sure enough the driver is using their cell phone. Well, I am sure you have. Cell phone use while driving is not only frustrating for other drivers; it is very dangerous to all drivers who are on the road. When a driver is using a cell phone, it doesn’t matter what kind of person they are, or what their age is, or their gender. Accidents don’t show any sympathy. Driving while using a cell phone is dangerous and there should be laws that prohibit the use of cell phones while driving. These laws should be effective in every state, not just some states. This is a seriously dangerous issue because that driver is putting not only but their life at stake, but the lives of other drivers on the road at stake when cell phones are used. In 2009, 5,474 people were killed in the U.S. that involved distracted driving (dd), of the 5,474 deaths, 995 of them involved reports of a cell phone being a factor, and 24,000 injuries were reported from cell phone related accidents (Cell Phone & Texting While Driving Statistics, 2010). This is a serious problem in our world today in the lifestyle we live, but the problem is solvable. All that needs to happen is for a few laws to be passed to refrain people from using cell phones. It should not be legal in any state to...
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