Body Language
Body Language: Body language is the movement or position of your body that shows other people how you are feeling, even though you do not tell them in words. It includes both gestures and postures.
Gesture: Gesture is a movement of the hands, arms or head, etc. to express an idea or feeling. Posture: Posture is the way in which someone usually holds their shoulders, neck and back, or a particular position in which someone stands, sits, etc.
Important gestures: Gestures are components of speech, not accompaniments or ‘add-ons’ (Adam Kendon’s 2008 term), but actually integral parts of it. If you look around and watch someone talking face to face or through mobile in informal terms, you are likely to see the hands and arms in motion. Gestures are considered as the most evocative form of nonverbal communication the speakers can employ. No other kind of physical action can enhance your speeches in as many ways as gestures. They clarify and support your words, dramatize your ideas, lend emphasis and vitality, help dissipate nervous tension, function as visual aids and stimulate audience participation. So gestures should be purposeful, meaningful and visible.
"I am the most spontaneous speaker in the world because every word, every gesture, and every retort has been carefully rehearsed." George Bernard Shaw
Types of gestures: There are four major types of gestures:
1) Descriptive gestures
2) Emphatic gestures
3) Suggestive gestures and
4) Prompting gestures
Descriptive gestures: The certain gesture we use to describe something while speaking. These gestures are used to clarify or enhance a verbal message. They help the audience to understand comparisons and contrasts, and to visualize the size, shape, movement, location, function and number of objects.

Emphatic gestures: The gestures we use while saying something in a strong way and without any doubt. These gestures are used to underscore what’s being said. They indicate earnestness and assurance. For example, a clenched fist suggests strong feelings, such as anger or determination.
Suggestive gestures: These gestures are symbols of ideas and emotions. They help the speakers to create a desire mood or express a particular thought. Nodding head suggest agreement, moving head side by side implies disagreement, an open palm suggests giving or receiving an idea, while a shrug of the shoulders indicates ignorance, perplexity or irony.

Prompting gestures: These gestures are used to help evoke a desired response from the audience. When the presenters want audience to raise their hands, answer the questions, applaud, laugh, etc., perform some specific actions that enhance them to response.

Our gestures are everyday occurrences – the spontaneous, unwitting, and regular accompaniments of speech that we see in our moving fingers, hands and arms. They are so much a part of speaking that one is often unaware of them, but if you look around and watch someone talking in informal terms you are likely to see the hands and arms in motion. The fact is that when we are excited and informal, there is no mistake in our gestures i.e. when we speak through mobile, the other person is not visible to us but we use proper gesture to show our happiness, anger, excitement, grief, etc. But the problem arises when we become formal and normal, i.e. delivering presentation on the stage in front of the audience, speaking before the media etc.

Movement
Movement: Movement is a change of position. While presenting something on the stage, the presenters change their position or location when they change the ideas.
Importance of movement: Logical movements during presentation reflect your authority, confidence and mastery over your topic. It is the broadest, most highly visible kind of physical action you can perform. Your logical movement can support and reinforce what you say, almost always attracts an audience’s attention and it is the fastest, most effective means of burning up nervous energy and relieving physical tension.
Common mistake in movement: Inexperienced speakers commonly perform such body movements as rocking, swaying, and pacing, without being aware of what they are doing. These typical movements are called set patterns. Likewise standing still during speech in presentation (except extempore speech) is also considered as a set pattern.
Rocking: to move backwards and forwards or from side to side in a regular way.
Swaying: to move slowly from side to side in a regular way.
Pacing: to walk with regular steps in one direction and then back again, usually because you are worried or nervous.
Set pattern: Set pattern is following the fixed way repeatedly without changing motion.
Making logical movement: A presenter can apply logical movements following the instructions are given bellow:
1) Avoiding set pattern - rocking, swaying and pacing; think about chessboard pattern.
2) Stepping forward for arriving at an important point, asking question, etc.
3) Stepping backward while concluding an idea.
4) Giving a lateral movement for leaving one thought and taking up another.
5) Giving a certain movement for dramatizing a message.
6) Standing still while delivering important message in a low voice or loud voice.
A presenter can divide his/her movement according to the chessboard pattern following the points - problem, solution, benefits, past, present, future, situation, analysis, recommendation, problem, options, recommendation, vision, goals, action, proposal, pros, cons, etc. for example.

The key to moving effectively lies in making your movements easy, natural and smooth. Never cross one foot over the other when you begin a movement.

Types of presentations
There are many types of presentations, but most importantly we perform the following four types of presentation:
1) Demonstrations
2) Illustrated Talks
3) Public Speeches
4) Impromptu Speeches
There are some narrow differences among these types of presentations. Let us know the differences.
Demonstrations: A demonstration puts words into action. With this type of presentation, you will tell how to do it at the same time you act how to do that. There is a finished product at the end. If you have a successful demonstration, the audience will understand how to do what you have demonstrated. A demonstration is usually the easiest type of presentation to do. It often has a step-by-step process that makes planning and organizing simple. The hardest part may be to remember to keep talking while you are demonstrating or doing something. Try not to have long periods of silence. You can perform it individually as well as team wise.
Examples of demonstrations are: How to make a basket? How to make a recipe? How to keep your room clean?
Illustrated Talks: It covers the vast area of information with visual aids. An illustrated talk is a way to share information with the audience more clearly, especially by giving examples. The topic should be educational in nature, but it can be very basic. No finished product is necessary, but visual aids must be used to help explain what is being said. We can explain the complex ideas and difficult concept in this way. You can perform it individually as well as group wise.
Examples of illustrated talks are: conducting classes with slides, presenting plan with flip chart, showing facts through videos, presenting case studies, assignments etc.
Public Speeches: A public speech is just talking in front of the audience. No visual aids or props are used. Since no visual aids are allowed, proper gestures, movements, facial expressions and voice variety are very important. A speech can be informative or persuasive with the purpose to stimulate thought or present a point of view. Speeches should not simply entertain. They need to persuade the audience to agree with you, educate the audience, or get an emotional reaction from the audience. Speeches often have a personal tie-in, a way the topic relates to something that happened in your life. A speech may be the most difficult type of presentation. It requires careful planning and effective delivery. There also needs to be a clear theme or thesis and understandable points to follow. It is performed individually.
Impromptu Speeches: As the name implies, impromptu speeches require the presenter to compose and deliver a speech with little previous preparation. Like public speeches, no visual aids are used unless the speaker is given an object to talk about. Impromptu speeches require you to “think on your feet.” You need to be able to come up with ideas on the urge of the moment and quickly organize them in a logical manner. Here the presenter can use gestures and facial expressions.
Examples of content topics are: What is your favorite summer activity and why? Should school uniforms be required? Why or why not?