...Though Winston remembers who exactly the country is currently at war with, he explains how the enemy is always changing every few years and how the Party forces its people to believe they have always had the same enemy. According to the beliefs of the Party, Winston states that the Party wants everyone to believe “the change of partners had never happened. Oceania was at war with Eurasia: therefore Oceania had always...
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...In the two stories “The Scarlet Ibis” and the “Sniper” by James Hurts and Liam O’Flaherty they are based off war, brotherhood, and regret. The Scarlet Ibis was published July of 1960 and The Sniper was published January of 1923. The most important part in the stories is the brotherhood. War,brotherhood, and regret all come together to makes these emotional short stories. The year 1923 In Ireland the war took place in The Sniper. In The Scarlet Ibis the war in the story is different. The war is between the two brother. One of the brothers had much hatred for his younger brother. The older brother said in the story “It was bad enough having a invalid brother, but having one who was not at all there was unbearable, so I began to make plans to kill him by smothering him with a pillow.” He hated his brother because he was not like everyone else that he did at one point want to kill him. The war in The Sniper was a literal war that was going on between the Republicans and the Democrats. Both of these come back to also to relate to brother and this is how....
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...All Quiet on the Western Front by Erich Maria Remarque, written in 1929, is in the perspective of a German soldier named Paul. This novel is based on World War I and follows Paul and his unit throughout the war. In the novel, it showed four different types of themes such as, universal brotherhood, comradeship, horror of war, and questioning of authority. After the end of World War I, most still thought that war was a good idea, but little did they know the horrific experience of the soldier and the large numbers of deaths from the war. Remarque using the four themes, made this novel to convey that fighting in war was not a good idea in hopes of preventing future war. Horrors of war is used to back up the main idea not to fight wars. Remarque shows the central idea when Kemmerich’s leg was amputated. Kemmerich was struck in battle with an intense injury and you can tell from descriptions that he is not doing too well. Kemmerich painfully and slowly died in the end. Another way the author makes the main idea more prominent was bombardments, a continuous attack with bomb, shells or other missiles. There was a lot of shots that hit and weakened the German army in this, like when Kat dies from the shrapnel splinter in his head, many other people died...
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...from 1956 until his death. He planned the 1952 overthrow of the monarchy, and was deputy prime minister in the new government. While Nasser was controlling the state of Egypt it was still a secular state, leaving the minority religions under somewhat stable state under the constitution of Egypt. Nasser kept the state secular such as having an one-party system which prevented religious groups like the Muslim Brotherhood from an opportunity to voice their political views. This made the Arab Socialist Union the sole party in parliament under the Nasser era. After the death of Gamal Abdel Nasser in 1970, there was a huge shift once Anwar Sadat seized control as being the secretary of the former Prime Minister Nasser. Anwar Sadat drafted a new constitution, which included the principles of Sharia into the Egyptian constitution. The state changed from being a secular state to becoming a religious state. Anwar Sadat abolished certain views of Nasser, which he did not agree with. He abolished the one party rule, which gave an opportunity to Islamic groups such as the Muslim Brotherhood to influence their ideas politically. Thus, I will analyze Sadat’s ideas for implementing the Sharia into the 1971 constitution with limitations of structuralism triggering the revival of interest in the role of idea in policy analysis. An Ideational Approach is weak to consider viewing the dilemma next to Rational Choice Theory. Anwar Sadat implemented the principles of Sharia...
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...One of the less well known and appreciated genre’s of art was the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood’s style. The first The Pre-Raphaelites, like the Romantics, were great lovers of nature. They believed in showing things as they truly were. Many Romantics, and especially those that belonged to the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, did not agree with the classical beliefs being taught in art schools. These ideals required artists to beautify their subjects. For this reason many followers of this movement painted their landscapes outdoors and used real models4. They also composed their pictures with out any specific formula3. They chose not to use pyramidal constructions and other classical rules that were taught in many of the art schools. Instead of coming across as sloppy and rushed, many of their pictures appeared very realistic; as opposed to the classical compositions that were so formulaic they became boring and stiff. The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood was formed in 1848 by John Everett Millais, Dante Gabriel Rossetti and William Holman Hunt2. They had all attended the Royal Academy of arts together and were trained in the classical style of painting5. This style was very routine and repetitive. The three founders wanted to do something more original, something not identical to the late painter Raphael. The origin of their organization's name stemmed from their ambition to get away from the purely Raphaelesque paintings of the day4. Unfortunately, the art critics and general...
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...Asa played a few roles following the productions by the group. In 1917 the political magazine The Magazine was founded by Owen and Randolph. They started with publishing articles about african americans and the war efforts, they were demanding for more of an inclusion of african americans in the war troops and army forces, as well as calling for higher wages. Randolph started to try and unionize elevator operators in New York as well as african american shipyard workers in Virginia. After the war ended, he became a speaker or lecturer at the Rand School of Social Science. In the early 1920s Randolph was unsuccessful in running for New York state offices on the Socialist Party Ticket. After his failures he became more convinced that the unions were the way to improve the conditions that the african americans were...
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...Napoleonic Era Worksheet 1. Essay Explain, in 1,050 to 1,400 words, how the following ideas and ideals influenced the events and motivated the participants in the French Revolution: Liberty Equality Brotherhood Hubris Fiscal irresponsibility Democracy Technology The French Revolution was a quest for liberty, and centered on people who wanted their freedom. They wanted to be treated as equal participants in the community, not as slaves for the royals or nobles. The peasants who represents more than 90% of France’s population, were working for their own families and everyone else as they paid much more in taxes. Brotherhood was the way of everyone coming together as one. Hubris is excessive pride in one’s self, people during the French Revolution did not want to admit they were wrong for what they were doing and that they did not want less entitlement then they had. Fiscal irresponsibility was brought on by the higher debts, and taxes were raised so the government could get out of the finical hole they were in. The democracy was a new construction of power where the politics were giving everyone the chance to be heard and to be equal. Technology at the beginning of the French Revolution was lacking, but as it continued throughout the years it became a resource at war. Liberty was the main goal for the French people, to be free from the poor work conditions they were in. The work environments for the peasants were horrible and needed to be changed. They were working...
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...Julia and Winston are alike since they are both rebellious against the Party and the system of the society where they are living in. Both Julia and Winston join the Brotherhood and they both love each other. However, the reason they are against the Party is different for the both of them. While Winston has inquisitive and rebellious thoughts of the Party (because he believes the Party is not doing the right things), Julia rebels against the Party because she wants to enjoy the feeling of love without restrictions. The Party permits couples to marry but does not allow actual feelings of love and discourages it so the individuality of a person is destroyed. This is because the Party wants people to only love the Party and dedicate themselves...
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...The Fenian Brotherhood wished to achieve freedom for Irland and doing so they would "seize part of British North America and hold it hostage to help liberate Irland from British rule" (Acadiensis: Journal of the History of the Atlantic Region, 2009). The Fenian Brotherhoods actions in Canada also are believed to have played a crucial role in uniting the province of New Brunswick. This is due to the military using the actions from the Fenian Brotherhood to call for union while the "pro-Confederates used the spectre of fifth-column Fenian sympathizers within the colony to mobilize anti-Irish and anti-Roman Catholic sentiment in support of their cause during the crucial election of 1866" (Acadiensis: Journal of the History of the Atlantic Region,...
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...the Islamic faith, these people are called moderate Muslims. Therefore, the Islamic religious extremists are the major group in Islam who follow the Qur’an word for word and create extreme violence that moderate Muslims do not. Islamic extremism started in Egypt in the late 1920s. During the inter-war years, the country was occupied by the British military. The Nationalist Wafd movement, led by Saad Zaghloul, opposed the presence of the British, as would anyone whose country is being occupied by a foreign military power. (A brief history of Islamic extremism) In 1928, Hassan al-Banna established the term “The Muslim Brotherhood” which was the first Islamist movement. The British government supported the nascent movement in an attempt to counterbalance the Nationalists. In modern Egyptian politics, the Muslim Brotherhood is the largest opposition party to Hosni Mubarak's National Democratic Party. Mubarak has been in power since the assassination of Anwar Sadat in 1981. The Muslim Brotherhood has always been illegal, and, over the years, thousands of its members have been imprisoned by the Egyptian government. (A brief history of Islamic extremism) The ideology of the early Brotherhood is very similar to that of...
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...the Islamic faith, these people are called moderate Muslims. Therefore, the Islamic religious extremists are the major group in Islam who follow the Qur’an word for word and create extreme violence that moderate Muslims do not. Islamic extremism started in Egypt in the late 1920s. During the inter-war years, the country was occupied by the British military. The Nationalist Wafd movement, led by Saad Zaghloul, opposed the presence of the British, as would anyone whose country is being occupied by a foreign military power. (A brief history of Islamic extremism) In 1928, Hassan al-Banna established the term “The Muslim Brotherhood” which was the first Islamist movement. The British government supported the nascent movement in an attempt to counterbalance the Nationalists. In modern Egyptian politics, the Muslim Brotherhood is the largest opposition party to Hosni Mubarak's National Democratic Party. Mubarak has been in power since the assassination of Anwar Sadat in 1981. The Muslim Brotherhood has always been illegal, and, over the years, thousands of its members have been imprisoned by the Egyptian government. (A brief history of Islamic extremism) The ideology of the early Brotherhood is very similar to that of...
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...and The Aryan Brotherhood. Though each gang has separate syndicates, these four gangs remain the most influential (A. Ruby, personal interview, March 19, 2013). How these gangs operate depends on the prison they occupy. While each of these gangs was initially created to survive in ethnically segregated situations that is not the case any longer. Currently the aspirations of these gangs have to do with protection, money, and reputation, they are very organized and efficient (A. Ruby personal interview, March 19, 2013). La Nuestra Familia was formed in the mid 1960’s to protect rural Mexican-American inmates from predator gangs, primarily from the urban Mexican-American inmates affiliated with the Mexican Mafia (Gangs OR Us Gang Identification, 1999). They represent northern California and are identified by their tattoos which are normally a dagger or sombrero with the letters “NF”. The NF use to operate through three categories (cat.1, cat.2, etc.). The higher the category you were in, the higher your rank within the gang. They later abolished that structure to try to institute equality inside the gang. They created a “mesa” which was an order of six members (A. Ruby, personal interview, March 19, 2013). The equality did not last long though. There soon began internal power struggles between the six participates and “hits” were taken out on certain members. When this occurs it is called “cleaning out your house”. This means that when there is a war going on within...
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...from other countries. For example Medina invited the Prophet of Islam in order to rescue him from many pressures of indigenous people. The Prophet and his followers started to migrate from Mecca to Medina for making their prayer more comfortable than Mecca. It is called “hijra” which is the migration of Muhammed (S.A.V) and his followers to the city of Medina in 622 CE. In Medina, the new constitution was composed by the prophet to imply Sharia law or Islamic law. “Medina Charter made by Prophet the ruler and recognized him messenger of Allah to tell people about the Islam. According to constitution, the prophet gave so much importance to justice and kindness. In the article 3 of Medina Charter, he explains the rule of war in the following quotation “In case of war with anybody they will redeem their prisoners with kindness and justice common believers.” By this constitution, Political Islam spread Mecca and Arab Peninsula with gaining victory. Moreover Islamic political parties have existed in the number of countries that has democracy and there are many political Islamıst groups that are working together or separate. Both of them have varieties of history, ideology or regions but they all have fundamental principles which are compatible with Quran. Islamic State of Medina The medina constitution is the first formal constitution that regulates Muslims and Non-Muslims including Jews, Christians and Pagans. It is formed the basic needs of Islamic State in Medina. It explains the...
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...Egypt’s Politics and Culture Nicole L. Hoo SOC315: Cross-Cultural Perspectives (CIL1545A) Instructor: Sheila Farr December 7, 2015 Egypt’s Politics and Culture Egypt is for the most part a modern nation country relative to organization, rule, and administration; however it is not a modern Western country. Although the contemporary Egyptian state remained in essence authoritarian, such rule was not accepted unconditionally. Its legitimacy depended on adherence to certain public expectations. Egypt’s path to democracy has been continues to harshly challenge the country’s socioeconomic, political, and cultural institutions and continues to plague the nation with the current uprising for open democratic governance. Civilization and pictures of an ancient land established somewhere down in history are evoked by the insignificant notice of Egypt that was a riddle until the mid nineteenth century. In old times, Egypt was known for its magnificence, the considerable sphinx, pyramids, and pharaohs. Past the magnificence, Egypt is likewise perceived for improvements of hieroglyphic written work and accomplishments in craftsmanship, building design, and horticulture. The wellspring of antiquated Egypt's flourishing realm is said to be the Nile River and agriculture. Herodotus, the traditional Greek history specialist, depicted Egypt as the endowment of the Nile. The Nile was the life of the valley with its downpour surges and retreating cycles. Egypt was a standout...
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...http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fraternities_and_sororities Fraternities and sororities (from the Latin words frater and soror, meaning "brother" and "sister" respectively) are fraternalsocial organizations for undergraduate students. In Latin, the term refers mainly to such organizations at colleges and universities in the United States, although it is also applied to analogous European groups also known as corporations. Similar, but less common, organizations also exist for secondary school students. In modern usage, the term "Greek letter organization" is often synonymous in North America, with the terms "fraternity" and "sorority". Typically, Greek letters organizations are single-sex, initiatory organizations with membership considered active during the undergraduate years only, although a notable exception to this rule are historically black, Latino, Asian, and multicultural organizations, in which active membership continues, and into which members are often initiated long after the completion of their undergraduate degrees. Greek letter organizations may sometimes be considered mutual aid societies, providing academic and social activities. Some groups also maintain a chapter house, providing residential and dining facilities for members. How did the fraternities in the Philippines start? : http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_did_the_fraternities_in_the_Philippines_start#ixzz1jj31t1ic In all times and among all nations which have reached a sufficient level of cultural...
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