...inherited a business, and is eager to take financial, administrative, and social risks and responsibilities, and participate in the day-to-day management activities (UNDP, 2004). Women in Asian countries like India, Myanmar and Bangladesh have played and also are playing a good role in politics. So, Bangladeshi women are enjoying freedom to join politics as well as business. But compared with the Unites States and the European countries, the number is still poor. In fact, women entrepreneurship development is a challenging phenomenon in Bangladesh as women are lagged behind (economically and socially) compared to men. Generally, women are more victimized as because of their illiteracy, unawareness, unorganized, powerless or less political representation, deprivation, rigid social customs, religious constrains and injustice by their counter partners particularly in rural area. Women constitute about a half of the total population in Bangladesh. So for proper representation of women in the arena of entrepreneurship development, "women should constitute 50 per cent of the country's total entrepreneurs." But the ground reality is totally different. "The ratio is not even 10 per cent. The actual ratio is much lower than that. We do not know the exact number of women entrepreneurs in the country,” There is no real information on how many women entrepreneurs exist in the country. 1 Background In Bangladesh women entrepreneurs are coming up. If the last 10 years are taken...
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...Naheem Myles Professor Morelli Entrepreneurship & small business Spring 2014 Case Study: Extreme Entrepreneurship The Extreme Entrepreneurship Tour (EET) is the first and only nationwide entrepreneurship tour. Many small business development centers, economic development organizations, and schools have used the tour to bring together varied departments such as admissions, career planning, the business school and entrepreneurial centers on campus and in the local chamber of commerce. The combined effort helped to reach students, inspiring them to write down their goals and the steps to achieve them. Michel studied management and marketing and Sheena studied communications at NYU. While in high school Michael and his friend started their own web developing company which they sent in to the online search engines. The business started to take off and they were getting a lot of offers. Finally weeks later were hired to do their first project. Simmons and Newport’s confidence started to grow after every new commission they were making. . PWS was later rated the #1 youth-run web development company in the nation by Youngbiz Magazine. In order to further his knowledge and hone his skills, Michael took a course using a scholarship he won from the National Foundation for Teaching Entrepreneurship to learn more about running a business. Michael has won three entrepreneur of the year awards from the Network for Teaching Entrepreneurship, Fleet, and the National Coalition for...
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...1969, entrepreneurs created 274,400 new corporations; today, the numbers of new incorporation exceeds 600,000 in a typical year! Another indicator of the popularity of the entrepreneurship is the keen interest expressed by students in creating their own businesses. Increasing number of young people are choosing entrepreneurship as a career rather than joining the ranks of the pinstriped masses in major corporations. In short, the probability that you will become an entrepreneur at some point in your life has never been higher! Research suggested that entrepreneurial activity remains vibrant not only in the United States but across the globe as well. According to the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), a study of entrepreneurial activity across the globe, 10% of the U.S population aged 18 to 64 is engaged in entrepreneurial activity. The study also found out that 9.5% of people in the 42 GEM countries analyzed are involved in starting a new business. Even countries that traditionally are not know as hotbeds of entrepreneurial activity are home to promising start-up companies. 2. WHAT IS AN ENTREPRENEUR (Page 5 to Page 8) At any given time, an estimated 10.1 million adults in the United States are engaged in launching a business, traveling down the path of entrepreneurship. An entrepreneur is one who creates a new business in the face of risk and uncertainty for the purpose of achieving profit and growth by identifying opportunities and assembling...
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... ORGANIZATIONS. SEMESTER: SPRING 2015 INSTRUCTOR: NAMADA JULIANA ADM NO: 644067 NAME: BRIAN KIPRUTO CHELIMO Table of Contents Abstract 3 2.0 Forms of Entrepreneurship 4 1.0 Introduction 4 1CREATION OF EMPLOYMENT 4 2Poverty reduction 5 3Socio-economic and political solutions 6 4Economic growth and Development 7 2.1 Entrepreneurial Effects in the Growth of Economy 8 Conclusion 9 REFERENCES 10 Abstract According to Chell & Ozkan, (2010), an entrepreneur is someone who is willing to bear the riskofa businessventure where there is a significant chance for making profit. Entrepreneurship is basically the practice of starting a business in order to earn profit on new found opportunities. Entrepreneurship is a challenging task as many businesses which start fail to take off. Entrepreneurship has many uncertainties especially when new products are created for which there is no existing market.Entrepreneurship affects economic growth in various ways. It is through entrepreneurship thatimportant innovations enter the market leading to new products or production process whicheventually increases efficiency through bringing competition in the market. This paper discourses the impact of entrepreneurship on economies. Ideas and concepts that emerge from entrepreneurs increase our knowledge and what consumers may prefer through introducing variations of existing products and services in the market. This spe...
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...Information Technology in Social Entrepreneurship: The Role and the Reality Diana Burley The George Washington University dburley@gwu.edu Abstract Social entrepreneurship is increasingly seen as a critical component of the global conversation on volunteerism and civic engagement. The purpose of this article is to lay the groundwork for a larger conversation on the role of information technology in social entrepreneurship by summarizing the discussions among participants of a recent conference on the subject. Social networking and information sharing were identified as the most critical roles of IT in support of social entrepreneurship. However, in order to realize the full potential of these roles, conference participants suggested that four key challenges must be addressed: access, capacity, commonality, and the scholar-practitioner link. Keywords: information technology, social entrepreneurship Acknowledgement The author wishes to thank the organizers, participants, and volunteers of the 2009 Accelerating Social Entrepreneurship Conference for their wisdom, insight and interest. Introduction Interest in social entrepreneurship, the application of business models to social issues, has risen to the forefront of the global conversation on volunteerism and civic engagement. Social entrepreneurship combines the passion of a social cause with business principles, and is distinguished from other forms of entrepreneurship by its pursuit of mission related impact...
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...Phuong Luong Refection paper # 2 38 Studios’ Destruction: Lessons for Entrepreneurs After years of establishing and seeking ways to develop; besides some achievement at certain moments, the fall of 38 Studios left valuable lessons at the idea of entrepreneurship. Curt Schilling was a professional baseball player and he was passion about what he did. In 2000, Schilling started to seriously think about life after baseball and then he began with an idea of founding a gaming company. Schilling had his reasons to pursue the entrepreneurship path. For the first reason, he wanted to pursue his own ideas. He knows his product’s orientation – a product that people would enjoy themselves. He understands customers’ willingness to pay. Schilling also pursued the entrepreneurship path as being his own boss. Schilling realizes that the way to achieve his important personal as well as professional goal is to start his own gaming company. He funded the entire project by his own money from the beginning. Not only having a clear vision about what product he wants to supply the market, he also has entrepreneurial characteristics. Schilling has the passion for the business. He devoted most of his time in pitching and working at 38 Studios. Schilling worked longer hours than everyone at the company. According to the case, Schilling started at GMG at 7:30 a.m. He would then rush out to arrive at Fenway Park by 1:30 p.m. for a game or practice. He would...
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...The Differences between Entrepreneurship and Small Businesses; Strategies to create a Strong Entrepreneurs Shakarra Warner Principles of Management 27 January 2015 The Differences between Entrepreneurship and Small Businesses; Strategies to create a Strong Entrepreneurs In the modern world, people do not always rely on the traditional aspect of working for someone or a company. Many individuals want more control and power over their lives and money. With inspiration from a hobby or skill, some people decide to become entrepreneurs. According to Bateman and Snell, 2013 “…an entrepreneur is an enterprising individual who pursues a lucrative opportunity.” Entrepreneurs increase job development and decrease unemployment amounts that affect the economic growth. With all the benefits of entrepreneurship, state agencies strive to promote the awareness of resources available to build a better economic system while distinguishing an enterprise from a small business. Sometimes there is confusion between the meaning of entrepreneur and small business owner. Entrepreneurs are managers just as small business owners, but in a less formal aspect and without a hierarchy of management levels (Bateman and Snell, 2013). Entrepreneurs make an effort for growth and high profitability as their principal objective, whereas small businesses expect regular to reasonable sales and fixed growth (Bateman and Snell, 2013). It is important to know the difference between the two when deciding the types...
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...Entrepreneurship Development Code: 209 Credits: 3 Unit I Meaning of Entrepreneurship, types of entrepreneurship, concept of intrapreneur, importance, developing entrepreneurship through training and motivation. Unit II Idea Generation, Identifying and Evaluating business Opportunities, idea generation and evaluation, Lifecycle and growth plans and the role of the entrepreneur in each stage, Exit options, Preparation and Presentation of Business Plans. Unit III Post-entry entrepreneurial issues: Implementing Business plans, Forms of business ownership, Professionalization and Management Succession, Reinventing and turn around. Support systems for entrepreneurs: Institutional support: Training Institutions, Financial Institutions, Research and Technology, Marketing and Legal aspects, Taxation benefits, Global aspects of Entrepreneurship SUGGESTED READINGS: 1. Anjan Raichaudhuri (2010) Managing New Ventures- Concepts and cases on Entrepreneurship, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi. 2. Hisrich, R.D, Peter, M. P and Shepherd, D.A (2006) Entrepreneurship, New Delhi: Tata Mcgraw Hill, sixth edition. 3. Dollinger, Mark J (2004) Entrepreneurship: strategies and resources, Delhi: Pearson Education (Singapore) 4. Sharma, Sudhir, Singh, Balraj and Singhal, Sandeep (2005) Entrepreneurship development, New- Delhi: Wisdom Publications 5. Saini, J S and Rathore, B S (2001), Entrepreneurship: theory and practice....
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...15-29 years. Year over year, the world’s youth population is increasing. According to a survey conducted by Labour Force, 27.63% of Pakistan’s population can be classified as youth. Currently, more than one-third of Pakistan’s youth population lives in urban areas, of which 32% are uneducated with no vocational and life skills which results in high unemployment. The youth of any nation can play a vital role in the economic development of the country, and given the high literacy rate amongst the Pakistani youth, the country is well poised to benefit from its growing youth population. However, even though nearly 23% of this age demographic want to start their own businesses in Pakistan but the major causes that hinder the promotion of entrepreneurship in Pakistan are widespread corruption, lack of proper law and order system, lack of infrastructural facilities, lack of financing and lack of education and skills. As per the Pakistan Economic Survey 2009-10, Pakistan is facing a serious energy crisis. Even though there has been a constant cry for the need of electricity in both rural and urban areas, no valuable steps have been taken to resolve the issue concerning the shortage of electricity. This shortage not only affects and hinders the daily lives of people but also affects businesses. In order to improve living standards of people and to enhance the economic growth of the country; sustainable, renewable energy solutions need to be taken to overcome the energy crisis. For example...
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...Erasmus University of Rotterdam Erasmus Centre for Entrepreneurship The Impact of entrepreneurship education programs on entrepreneurial intentions: An application of the theory of planned behavior Master Thesis Sofia Karali 357726 Supervisor: Pr. Dr. Roy Thurik Erasmus School of Economics Co-reader: Hendrik Halbe MSc Erasmus Centre for Entrepreneurship Erasmus School of Economics Rotterdam 2013 Abstract Though many researchers have focused on entrepreneurship education, little research has been conducted on the precise effects and overall effectiveness of the entrepreneurship education programs. Drawing on the theory of planned behavior, this study investigates the impact of entrepreneurship programs on the entrepreneurial intention of students in higher education in the Netherlands. Data for this study is drawn from GUESSS (an international project investigating the entrepreneurial spirit of students worldwide). The results show that participants of entrepreneurship education programs are more likely to have higher intention (right or five years after their studies have been completed) to found their own businesses compared to nonparticipants. Furthermore, attitude toward entrepreneurship, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control mediate the aforementioned relationship. The findings of this report contribute both to the Theory of Planned Behavior and to the field of entrepreneurship education. 1 Contents Acknowledgements 1. Introduction 2. Literature...
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..."I think I am/am not an entrepreneur. I am a ... entrepreneur because...” 15/9/201 Introduction In this assignment, I will explain as to why I think I am a lifestyle entrepreneur and the reasons as to why I think I am classified as this type of entrepreneur. I will discuss what a lifestyle entrepreneur is as well as the major motivations that form an integral part of the lifestyle entrepreneur’s choice to follow the specified path. The following motivations of autonomy, family and leisure time, passion and intrinsic reward and satisfaction as well as life quality will be discussed at different stages of my assignment. I will also show how some of these motivations integrate together to form a basis for the lifestyle entrepreneur. What is a lifestyle entrepreneur? As noted by Henderson (2002:49), to support a desired lifestyle or provide a family income is reasons as to why a lifestyle entrepreneur will start a new venture. These entrepreneurs also seek independence and control over their own schedule. Whilst Mottiar (2007:67) argues that a lifestyle entrepreneur is concerned with maintaining income at a level sufficient enough to provide them and their family with adequate funds to allow them to enjoy their chosen lifestyle. As can been seen in the above, lifestyle entrepreneurs aim to make as much money as they require to live and maintain the lifestyle of their choice (Janssen-Selvadurai, 2010:187). Important components to the lifestyle entrepreneur that act as motivating...
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...intrapreneurship as “behaving like an entrepreneur when you’re employed at a large corporation for the benefit of the corporation as a whole” and believed that being appointed as an intrapreneur before giving a shot at entrepreneurship is a great method developing management skills and techniques before stepping into the entrepreneurial world. Apart from just a set of skills and great techniques there are also personality and character qualities that make up a successful intrapreneur or entrepreneur. “The most successful are risk takers who are driven by a vision of something that is better in the world,” Pinchot says. “They are honest and use a balance of intuition and analysis to make their decisions.” Other scholars have defined intrapreneurship in many different of ways. Expressions such as corporate entrepreneurship (Burgelman, 1983, Vesper, 1984; Guth and Ginsberg, 1990; Hornsby et al., 1993, Stopford and Baden-Fuller, 1994), corporate venturing (MacMillan, 1986; Vesper, 1990), and internal corporate entrepreneurship (Schollhammer, 1981, 1982; Jones and Butler, 1992) have been used to describe the phenomenon of intrapreneurship (Antonic and Hisrich, 2001). Recently, Antoncic and Hisrich, (2001:497) have defined intrapreneurship more broadly as “entrepreneurship within an existing organization.” The Chief Executive of Common Purpose, Julia Middleton deems that managers must look out for new and better opportunities for young managers to...
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...three pillars of the College of Business are servant leadership, entrepreneurial spirit and innovation. The first one that I am going to discuss is servant leadership. Servant Leadership According to Robert Greenleaf, the term servant leadership “involves putting people and ethical considerations intentionally ahead of short term institutional or personal self-interest.” The article that I wrote about in my reference assignment was Servant Leadership, 2.0 .This article discussed the business community and how it is embracing servant leadership. The ten tables of servant leadership. The ten tables are, listening, empathy, healing, awareness, persuasion, conceptualization, foresight, stewardship, commitment to the growth of people & building communities. (Spears, L.) These ten characteristics have been the foundation for servant leadership scholarship for more than 30 years. According to Barbuto and Wheeler (2006) there are five leadership factors. These factors are altruistic calling, emotional healing, persuasive mapping, wisdom, and organizational stewardship. “Sendjaya, Sarros, and Santora (2008) identified six dimensions of servant leadership, which are voluntary subordination, authentic self, covenantal relationship, responsible morality, transcendent spirituality, and transforming influence.” A 35 item servant leadership behavior scale was developed based on these 6 dimensions. Although many different theories were discussed in this article the main goal is to start...
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...1042-2587 © 2008 by Baylor University E T&P Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies: Where Are We Today and Where Should the Research Go in the Future Garry D. Bruton David Ahlstrom Krzysztof Obloj Emerging economies are characterized by an increasing market orientation and an expanding economic foundation. The success of many of these economies is such that they are rapidly becoming major economic forces in the world. Entrepreneurship plays a key role in this economic development. Yet to date, little is known about entrepreneurship in emerging economies. This introductory article to the special issue on entrepreneurship in emerging economies examines the literature that exists to date in this important domain. It then reviews the research that was generated as part of this special issue on this topic. The article concludes with a discussion of the critical future research needs in this area. Introduction The quantity and quality of entrepreneurship research has increased dramatically over the last 15 years. Today, entrepreneurship research is some of the most widely cited in the management discipline, with leading journals dedicated to its study and well-recognized conferences supporting its development. The methods employed and the theory foundations used in entrepreneurship today are consistent with mainstream management research. However, entrepreneurship research can still be critiqued as almost exclusively focused on North American and European research sites...
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...3.0. How to structure a business dissertation Title Page Dedication Acknowledgements Abstract: A summary of the dissertation Table of Contents Introduction: Introduces the study and summaries the state of area prior to the research. This section outlines the problem(s) to be investigated, the aims and objectives of the research and describes the methodologies used. Additionally, an outline of the overall dissertation structure may be included. Literature Review: This accounts the previously written, published and unpublished literature on the selected research topic. The purpose of conducting a review on the existing knowledge and ideas on the topic is to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the research area whilst defining a guiding concept for the dissertation. To achieve this, four important steps must be followed: concentrate on the relevant theories; break down the topic and define key terms; examine recent research in the area; and conclude with the research questions that will be resolved in the study. Methodology: This section is designed to give the reader a coherent, clear and precise account of how the study was conducted. The section is composed of number of sub-sections which should include: research philosophy, research approach, research strategy, data collection and any problems encountered in the data gathering process, data reliability, validity and generalizability, and finally, ethical issues and possible limitations with the research. Results: ...
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