Free Essay

Business Ethics

In:

Submitted By lalito
Words 7539
Pages 31
Chapter 5
Socially Responsible Business – Doing the Right Thing
By Lizabeth England
Businesses have an ethical responsibility to customers who buy goods and services from them. Socially responsible business means that companies do the right thing for their customers. Companies consider profit, consumer satisfaction, and societal well being as equally important in the way business is conducted. Governments often enact laws that force businesses to function ethically. Consumers also can force businesses to act ethically regarding their purchases. For example, in the United States today, consumers and consumer activists boycott over 800 products.
This chapter is on socially responsible business. Teachers and students want to know about ways in which businesses are held accountable to customers for goods and services that they sell. According to consumer rights laws, people who buy goods and services have four rights: the right to be safe, the right to be informed, the right to choose, and the right to be heard. This chapter will provide teachers and students with opportunities to learn more about socially responsible business and about doing the right thing.
In the United States, businesses are often judged by their socially responsible behaviors. Most people agree that these include the following specific elements: equal employment opportunity for all citizens regardless of their race, religion or sex; respect for employees’ diversity, safety, and health in the workplace; and assurance and full disclosure on the quality of products and services. If any one of these elements is ignored or abused, a business is likely to be subjected to a penalty and sometimes, legal action.

Background Information
In the 1960s, Ralph Nader, an American economist and consumer advocate, spoke and wrote about the social responsibility for businesses. Today, businesses use his ideas to make sure that customers’ rights are protected.
Many companies use the following list of customers’ rights (based on an abbreviated version of the United Nations’ Universal Declaration of Human Rights) to guide them in their efforts to be socially responsible.
What is socially responsible business?
A socially responsible business provides goods and services in line with a society’s values. Socially responsible businesses in the United States are concerned about how customers are protected and how employees are treated. There are federal and state laws that protect the rights of customers and employees, as well as the environment, from unethical business practices. Businesses in all countries should consider social responsibility as an important part of operations.
A brief description of ways in which customers’ rights are protected in the U. S. and in many other countries follows:
Customer Protection
Mr. Nader’s work in consumerism highlighted the value and need of protecting customers’ rights which is the basis of consumer rights laws.
The Right to be Safe
This right applies to the goods and services purchased by consumers. Injury or damage that consumers incur because of use of products or services are the responsibility of the manufacturer (product liability). As a result, many companies do comprehensive product testing to find any flaws or problems in their products before selling them on the open market.
The Right to be Informed
Consumers have the right to information about the products that they buy. If product or goods information is not clearly and completely available to consumers, they can (and have) sue the company. Groups that protect consumers’ right to information are the Federal Trade Commission and the Food and Drug Administration. The Internet contains many deceptive marketing claims because it is a new area for consumer rights activists in the United States and elsewhere.
The Right to Choose
In a competitive world, consumers have a right to choose among competing brands of goods and services. Ethical businesses encourage customers to "shop around," in order to find what they want to buy. Other companies may mislead and lie to customers in order to coerce them to buy a product which the customer may not want or need. This coercion is called fraud and is illegal. Fraud has become a serious problem for the telephone service industry, and others, in the United States.
The Right to be Heard
Many companies are concerned about customer satisfaction. Some have responded to customer complaints about service and fraud. In some cases, groups within the company are assigned to address customer complaints and to rebuild customer trust in and loyalty to their products. Innovation and change in service and new product development occur within a company, often as a direct result of these efforts.
Employee Protection
Typically, the areas of concern for employers in the United States regarding employee protection are these: equal employment opportunity for all citizens (regardless of their race, religion, sex or sexual orientation); respect for employees’ diversity (religious and cultural), safety and health in the workplace; and high-quality products and services with consideration for environmental protection.
Equal employment opportunity for all citizens
All citizens, regardless of race, religion, sex or sexual orientation, have a right to be considered for employment. This means that employers are not allowed to discriminate against an applicant on the basis of one or more of these factors. For example, it is illegal for an employer to refuse to hire a person because he/she is a member of a racial minority. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) was established to ensure job opportunities for minorities and women.
Respect for employee diversity
Employees have the right to work in an environment where their individual values are respected. In general, this means that an employee is not singled out or treated differently because of his/her race, religion, sex, or sexual orientation. For example, an employee is allowed to take a holiday for religious observances.
Safety Issues
Historically, many employees have been subjected to extremely unsafe work conditions in the United States. Sweatshops produced life threatening working conditions for work with no fire exits and crowded work areas. Often this included young children working long hours for very low pay. As a result, the federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) was established to assure workplace safety and health. Worker safety is now a priority for almost all employers.
Quality of Life Issues
In recent years, concern for employees’ quality of life has become more common among employers. Businesses want their employees to be productive and to balance family and work life responsibilities. As a result, some companies have developed "flex-time" schedules, day care centers for children inside the company, on site education and training programs for employees, and opportunities for work leave when a family emergency requires the employee to be with a new baby, a dying parent or other relative.

Continue to next page
Return to top of page
Chapter 7
Intellectual Property: Yours, Mine, and Ours
By Lizabeth England
In this chapter students will learn about intellectual property, what it is and how the rights of individuals and companies are protected from counterfeit and fraud.
Intellectual property, like other property, is a matter of great importance for those who are involved in creating new ideas and information in any field of study or work, but particularly in science, technology and entertainment. In the 21st century – when information, ideas and artistic expression are more important than ever – issues of intellectual property have become increasingly important. Gaining more knowledge about intellectual property will provide students, teachers and the public in general, with current information on laws and issues related to intellectual property. Such information can increase chances for ethical business practices worldwide.
In this chapter, we will explore some issues dealing with intellectual property. Students will have opportunities to think about and explore their ethical principles and make judgments about real-world intellectual property rights and laws.
We will start with activities that provide opportunities for students to examine their views on intellectual property. After that, students will work with some real-world cases and examine intellectual property from two perspectives -- customers and business. Then, students will do research on a topic of interest. The activity will include writing a short research paper on an intellectual property issue of interest to students. The wrap-up activity will provide students with an opportunity to discuss and reflect on what they have learned. Extensions to lessons include a variety of activities that take students to the World Wide Web for analysis and opportunities for in-depth study. A list of web references is provided for teachers and students to use in all activities.

Background Information
The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is an intergovernmental organization with headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland. It is one of 16 specialized agencies of the United Nations organization. WIPO is responsible for promoting the protection of intellectual property throughout the world through cooperation among States, and for administering the various multilateral treaties dealing with the legal and administrative aspects of intellectual property.
In this chapter, we will explore ways in which the mission of WIPO, an internationally recognized authority on intellectual property, has been implemented. In addition, we will present some classroom activities for learning more about intellectual property.
What is Intellectual Property?
Intellectual property is the information that makes it possible for businesses to earn money. Business assets are protected by laws that state that the people who created the property have exclusive rights to use that property – for any purpose, but most often for profit.
A trademark is a symbol or brand that is owned by the person who created it. In the United States, a patent guarantees that an inventor owns the rights to profit made from an invention for 17 years. A copyright means legal and exclusive rights to written material, either published or unpublished.
Intellectual property comprises two branches: industrial property and artistic property. Industrial property refers chiefly to inventions, trademarks, industrial designs and appellations of origin. For example, the Coca Cola Company owns the symbol that is known around the world for the soft drink that Coca Cola produces. Patents and copyrights are chiefly for literary, musical, artistic, photographic and audiovisual works. For example, on the back of a compact disc (CD) box, there is (in very small print) information about the patent and copyright for the music on that CD.
Nowadays, there is a great increase in the amount of international business that is conducted around the world. More international business means more complex discussions about intellectual property. More international business creates new challenges for intellectual property experts. WIPO is an organization whose primary purpose is to address this challenge. While in one country there are laws protecting the rights of inventors and artists, there may not be such laws in another country. How do we resolve ethical and legal conflicts about intellectual property from one country to another? What legal guidance do we have, internationally, in resolving very different ethical and legal issues across national borders? What may be a violation of intellectual property in one country may not be a violation of intellectual property in another.
There are many counterfeit products around the world. Some countries do not allow counterfeit products to be bought and sold; other countries do permit the sales of these products.
Music is an easily counterfeited product. A number of artists, including Garth Brooks and Bruce Springsteen have actively pursued "CD bootleg operations" (individuals and groups who counterfeit compact discs).
"Video police" have received significant press coverage in their efforts to find bootleggers. Television sports programs and videos for home viewing carry disclaimers in some countries. These disclaimers specifically state that the videotape is for home use only and may not be copied or used for any purpose other than for home entertainment. Examples of other counterfeit products are Nike baseball caps, Tommy Hilfiger t-shirts, Rolex watches, and Chanel purses.
A substantial emphasis on the activities and resources of WIPO is devoted to promoting cooperation with the developing countries. In August 1998, over 170 States were members of WIPO. Six additional states, which were not yet members, participated in treaties administered by WIPO.
Chapter 9
Quality Standards
By Lizabeth England
The focus of this chapter is quality standards and the challenging issues that are raised by standards and ethics internationally. This topic will draw on and build knowledge about ethics that students bring to our classes. The particular focus that we have chosen, international quality standards, serves the needs of teachers and students worldwide.
We will begin by exploring the topic in the background information, In the Classroom Applications section; teachers may choose one or all of the activities. Finally, a list of Internet Resources allows teachers to obtain more information on international quality standards from the web.

Background Information
Quality standards help businesses to function in an ethical way. These standards tell businesses what minimal requirements are needed in order to ensure the public that the product or service offered is of high quality.
How do we go about setting standards for the thousands of diverse businesses in the world today? How do we address cultural issues in setting quality standards internationally? What can a business do in order to have confidence that its products or services are meeting the standards of quality that will assure a competitive edge in business worldwide? How can we learn more about standards setting in a changing business climate? And how does the Internet influence our ability to set and abide by standards in the international business world? These questions will be addressed in this section.
We will discuss international quality standards from three perspectives: international, national, and regional. All three perspectives influence international quality standards and determine how different countries operate within the international community
Building International Standards
According to research, there are universal stages in the development of morality among humans. This means that all people in all cultures around the world follow, more or less, a similar pattern of development in their moral values.
If we accept this conclusion, then there may be a way to set guidelines for standards of quality in international business. This would suggest that in spite of incredible diversity of products and services among businesses and the numerous cultural, religious, and national identities around the world, it might be possible to have a common standard of quality
Is it possible to set quality standards that would be recognized and used all over the world? The International Organization of Standards is a body of business professionals whose task is to identify and implement international quality standards for business. If successful, ISO will be the first organization in history to establish such standards. Though members of this organization do not, at this time, represent every single participant in international business, the goal of the organization is to include as many countries and businesses as possible.
(Note: A web site with the listing of all members of ISO and their contact information appears in the Internet Resources section of this chapter.)
According to experts in business ethics, the issues for setting international standards, and indeed all issues in international business, are about values. These issues fall into three broad categories: comparable values, values in tension, and incompatible values (see Trevino and Nelson1 for a detailed discussion on this topic).
The task of setting quality standards is easily achieved for the first of these three categories, comparable values. If two business professionals follow the same values, their approach to quality will not differ greatly. For the second category, it is possible to resolve the values in tension because the two parties are not in direct conflict on all issues, only some. However, the third category, incompatible values, is the important issue for business and ethical business professionals in the 21st century. How can we set quality standards if those standards somehow defy our own, or someone else’s, basic values? In order to answer this question, we need, first, to examine the meaning of quality.
Quality
What is quality in a service or product? Business professionals worldwide have set up standards for defining quality. Those standards are almost always stated either in qualitative terms, quantitative terms, or both. If stated in qualitative terms, we would say that the product or service must have certain characteristics in order to be called a "high-quality product or service". If stated in quantitative terms, we would say that the product or service must have certain characteristics that can be shown using numbers. For example, a Fiat car must meet certain standards in order to be sold. First, certain qualitative criteria are met in terms of the comfort, appearance and mechanical parts of the car. From a quantitative point of view, the Fiat manufacturer has numerical criteria for measuring quality: the size of parts, the number of revolutions per minute of the engine at a given speed of travel, and so on. Both criteria – qualitative and quantitative – set the Fiat standard.
Next we will look at how standards are assured for business in the United States. We will see how values influence defining and measuring quality for business in the United States. Of course, in other countries, these values will vary.
National Standards: An Example
In the United States, four values have been identified by business ethicists as the source of national standards of quality in business. Those values include -- * a legal and regulatory system, * a strong concern for the perspective of the public and their expectations, * general business values held by business professionals – an expectation that business managers are ethical people, * An emphasis on the individual versus the corporation.
In the United States, there is a complex of governmental and professional groups, laws, and procedures for addressing issues of quality standards (see Internet Resources for web sites of several of these groups). These form a regulatory system that enforces standards in business.
In addition, the press has a strong presence in the U.S. in terms of addressing quality standards in business. Therefore, if there is a suspected breach of quality standards leading to injury to an individual or damage to property, the event or series of events leading up to the suspected breach is very likely to be widely known and discussed. For example, if children are injured or die because a toy is unsafe, the media inform the public of this suspected violation of quality standards.
The Protestant work ethic and the expectation by the public of high moral behavior on the part of business managers are very important in that U.S. Consumers expect business to perform well at all times and under all circumstances. It is difficult for a business to be excused for wrong doing in the United States when it comes to standards of quality.
Finally, the role of the individual and his/her responsibility for actions is very important in quality management in the U.S. Individuals in large corporations can and are held accountable for violations of quality standards.
If a product or company in the U.S. has in some way failed to meet quality standards, that product or company may be publicly boycotted. In part, a public response occurs because of the perception – right or wrong – that products and services must meet quality standards. Most issues involving product safety, product tampering, or failure to satisfy the customer are detected by consumers or heeded by business.
In summary, values that bind a nation together come to bear on quality standards all over the world. The United States is one example of a country whose values can be readily observed with regard to quality standards in business. Of those values, the role of four is briefly presented here as an example. Teachers and students will want to analyze values with which they are closely associated in their own countries. Such an analysis will provide rich insights into the role and definition of quality and standards in that national context.
Profession-specific Standards
International professional associations are a good way to set international standards of quality because these associations represent the interests of the professional group rather than the interests of a national group. In an increasingly shrinking world, there are evolving sub-cultures of business professionals, people who call themselves "international marketers," and "international accountants." The values of these professional groups appropriately shape the standards of the business world of the 21st century.
In addition to international efforts to build a quality standard and national efforts to define and assure quality in business, professional groups also function to set standards for business and industry. Professional associations provide businesses with information and guidance in setting standards. Through accreditation bodies, peer review boards, and editorial review procedures, business professionals in hundreds of subspecialty areas have regional, national, and international organizations and associations that guide them in setting standards. Professional standards are set for all professions and in all work places. Medicine, law, education and the service industry have standards of quality that guide their work. These standards serve to support businesses that provide products and services and represent the interests of the professional group in question.

traducción del inglés al español

Capítulo 5
Empresas socialmente responsables, - Hacer lo correcto

Las empresas tienen la responsabilidad ética de los clientes que compran bienes y servicios de ellos. Empresas socialmente responsables, significa que las empresas hagan lo correcto para sus clientes. Las empresas consideran fines de lucro, la satisfacción del consumidor y el bienestar social tan importante en la manera de hacer negocios. Los gobiernos suelen promulgar leyes que las empresas vigor a la función ética. Los consumidores también pueden obligar a las empresas a actuar con ética en relación con sus compras. Por ejemplo, en los Estados Unidos hoy, los consumidores y activistas de boicot de los consumidores más de 800 productos.
Este capítulo es en las empresas socialmente responsables. Los maestros y los estudiantes quieren saber acerca de las maneras en que las empresas rindan cuentas a los clientes por los bienes y servicios que venden. De acuerdo con las leyes de derechos de los consumidores, las personas que compran bienes y servicios tienen cuatro derechos: el derecho a la seguridad, el derecho a ser informado, el derecho a elegir, y el derecho a ser escuchado. En este capítulo se proporcionará a los profesores y estudiantes la oportunidad de aprender más acerca del negocio socialmente responsables y en hacer lo correcto.
En los Estados Unidos, las empresas suelen ser juzgadas por su comportamiento socialmente responsable. Muchas personas coinciden en que estos incluyen los siguientes elementos específicos: igualdad de oportunidades laborales para todos los ciudadanos independientemente de su raza, religión o sexo, el respeto por la diversidad de los empleados, la seguridad y salud en el trabajo, y la garantía y transparencia total sobre la calidad de los productos y servicios. Si alguno de estos elementos se ignora o se abusa de un negocio es probable que sea sometido a una sanción y, a veces, la acción legal.
Antecedentes
En la década de 1960, Ralph Nader, un economista estadounidense, defensor de los consumidores, habló y escribió sobre la responsabilidad social de las empresas. Hoy en día, las empresas utilizan sus ideas para asegurarse de que los derechos de los clientes están protegidos.
Muchas compañías utilizan la siguiente lista de derechos de los clientes (basado en una versión abreviada de Universal de las Naciones Unidas Declaración de los Derechos Humanos) para guiarlos en sus esfuerzos por ser socialmente responsable.
¿Qué es la empresa socialmente responsable?
Una empresa socialmente responsable suministre bienes y servicios, de acuerdo con los valores de una sociedad. Empresas con responsabilidad social en los Estados Unidos están preocupados por cómo los clientes están protegidos y cómo son tratados los empleados. Existen leyes federales y estatales que protegen los derechos de los clientes y empleados, así como el medio ambiente, de las prácticas comerciales poco éticas. Las empresas en todos los países deben considerar la responsabilidad social como una parte importante de las operaciones.
Una breve descripción de las formas en que los derechos de los clientes están protegidos en los EE.UU. y en muchos otros países del siguiente modo:
Protección al Consumidor
El trabajo del Sr. Nader en el consumismo destacó el valor y la necesidad de proteger los derechos de los clientes, que es la base de las leyes de derechos de los consumidores.

El derecho a estar seguros
Este derecho se aplica a los bienes y servicios comprados por los consumidores. Lesiones o daños que los consumidores incurren debido al uso de productos o servicios son responsabilidad del fabricante (responsabilidad del producto). Como resultado, muchas empresas hacen pruebas de productos completa para encontrar defectos o problemas en sus productos antes de venderlos en el mercado abierto.

El derecho a ser informado
Los consumidores tienen derecho a la información sobre los productos que compran. Si la información de productos o mercancías que no es clara y completa disposición de los consumidores, pueden (y tienen) demandar a la compañía. Los grupos que protegen el derecho de los consumidores a la información son la Comisión Federal de Comercio y la Food and Drug Administration. Internet contiene muchas afirmaciones engañosas de mercadeo, ya que es una nueva área de los derechos de los consumidores activistas en los Estados Unidos y otros países.
El derecho a elegir
En un mundo competitivo, los consumidores tienen derecho a elegir entre marcas de la competencia de bienes y servicios. empresas éticas animar a los clientes a "darse una vuelta", con el fin de encontrar lo que desea comprar. Otras compañías pueden engañar y mentir a los clientes con el fin de obligarlos a comprar un producto que el cliente no puede querer o necesitar. Esta coerción se llama fraude y es ilegal. El fraude se ha convertido en un grave problema para la industria del servicio telefónico, y otros, en los Estados Unidos.
El derecho a ser escuchado
Muchas empresas se preocupan por la satisfacción del cliente. Algunos han respondido a las quejas de los clientes sobre el servicio y el fraude. En algunos casos, los grupos dentro de la empresa son asignados a atender las quejas de los clientes y para reconstruir la confianza y la lealtad de los clientes en sus productos. Innovación y cambio en el servicio y el desarrollo de nuevos productos se producen dentro de una empresa, a menudo como un resultado directo de estos esfuerzos.
Protección de los empleados
Por lo general, las áreas de preocupación para los empleadores en los Estados Unidos en materia de protección de los empleados son los siguientes: igualdad de oportunidades laborales para todos los ciudadanos (independientemente de su raza, religión, sexo u orientación sexual), el respeto por la diversidad de los empleados (religiosas y culturales), la seguridad y la salud en el lugar de trabajo, y productos de alta calidad y servicios con el examen para la protección del medio ambiente.
Igualdad de oportunidades en el empleo para todos los ciudadanos
Todos los ciudadanos, sin distinción de raza, religión, sexo u orientación sexual, tienen derecho a ser considerado para el empleo. Esto significa que los empleadores no pueden discriminar a un solicitante sobre la base de una o más de estos factores. Por ejemplo, es ilegal que una empresa se niegue a contratar a una persona porque él / ella es un miembro de una minoría racial. La Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) se creó para garantizar oportunidades de empleo para las minorías y las mujeres.
Respeto a la diversidad de los empleados.
Los empleados tienen el derecho a trabajar en un ambiente donde sus valores individuales sean respetados. En general, esto significa que un empleado no está dejando de lado o tratados de manera diferente debido a su raza, religión, sexo u orientación sexual. Por ejemplo, un trabajador tiene derecho a tomarse unas vacaciones para la práctica religiosa.
Cuestiones de Seguridad
Históricamente, muchos empleados han sido sometidos a condiciones de trabajo extremadamente peligrosas en los Estados Unidos. Fábricas de explotación producidos en peligro la vida de trabajo condiciones de trabajo sin salidas de emergencia y las zonas muy pobladas de trabajo. A menudo esto incluye niños de corta edad que trabajan largas horas por un salario muy bajo. Como resultado, la Federal de Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional (OSHA) se creó para garantizar la seguridad y salud laboral. La seguridad laboral es ahora una prioridad para casi todos los empleadores.
Calidad de vida
En los últimos años, la preocupación por la calidad de los empleados de la vida se ha vuelto más común entre los empleadores. Las empresas quieren que sus empleados sean productivos y de equilibrar las responsabilidades familiares y el trabajo la vida. Como resultado, algunas empresas han desarrollado "flex-time" horarios, guarderías para los niños dentro de la empresa, en la educación sitio y los programas de formación para los empleados y las oportunidades de trabajo se van cuando una emergencia familiar requiere que el empleado para estar con un nuevo bebé, un padre u otro pariente moribundo.

Capítulo 7
Propiedad Intelectual: Míos, tuyos y los nuestros

En este capítulo los estudiantes aprenderán sobre la propiedad intelectual, ¿qué es y cómo los derechos de las personas y empresas están protegidos contra la falsificación y el fraude.
La propiedad intelectual, al igual que otros bienes, es una cuestión de gran importancia para aquellos que están involucrados en la creación de nuevas ideas e información en cualquier campo de estudio o de trabajo, pero sobre todo en la ciencia, la tecnología y el entretenimiento. En el siglo 21 - cuando la información, las ideas y la expresión artística son más importantes que nunca - las cuestiones de propiedad intelectual se han convertido cada vez más importante. Obtener conocimiento más acerca de la propiedad intelectual proporcionará a los estudiantes, profesores y público en general, con información actualizada sobre las leyes y las cuestiones relacionadas con la propiedad intelectual. Esta información puede aumentar las posibilidades de las prácticas éticas de negocios en todo el mundo.
En este capítulo, vamos a explorar algunas cuestiones relacionadas con la propiedad intelectual. Los estudiantes tendrán la oportunidad de reflexionar y explorar sus principios éticos y hacer juicios sobre el mundo real los derechos de propiedad intelectual y las leyes.
Vamos a comenzar con las actividades que proporcionan oportunidades a los estudiantes a examinar sus puntos de vista sobre la propiedad intelectual. Después de eso, los estudiantes trabajarán con algunos casos en el mundo real y examinar la propiedad intelectual desde dos perspectivas - Los clientes y los negocios. Entonces, los estudiantes hacer una investigación sobre un tema de interés. La actividad consistirá en redactar un documento de investigación de corto sobre un tema de propiedad intelectual de interés para los estudiantes. La actividad de recapitulación proporcionará a los estudiantes la oportunidad de debatir y reflexionar sobre lo que han aprendido. Extensiones a las lecciones incluyen una variedad de actividades que llevan a los estudiantes a la World Wide Web para el análisis y las oportunidades de estudio a fondo. Una lista de referencias web se proporciona para los profesores y estudiantes a utilizar en todas las actividades.
Antecedentes
El Mundial de la Propiedad Intelectual (OMPI) es una organización intergubernamental con sede en Ginebra, Suiza. Es uno de los 16 organismos especializados de la organización de las Naciones Unidas. La OMPI es responsable de promover la protección de la propiedad intelectual en todo el mundo mediante la cooperación entre los Estados, y de administrar los diversos tratados multilaterales relacionados con los aspectos jurídicos y administrativos de la propiedad intelectual.
En este capítulo, vamos a explorar formas en las que ha sido la misión de la OMPI, una autoridad reconocida internacionalmente en materia de propiedad intelectual, práctica. Además, se presentarán algunas actividades en el aula para aprender más acerca de la propiedad intelectual.
¿Qué es la Propiedad Intelectual?
La propiedad intelectual es la información que permite a las empresas para ganar dinero. activos de la empresa están protegidos por las leyes que establecen que las personas que crearon la propiedad tiene derechos exclusivos para utilizar esa propiedad - para cualquier propósito, pero más a menudo con fines de lucro.
Una marca es un símbolo o marca de fábrica que es propiedad de la persona que lo creó. En los Estados Unidos, una patente garantiza que un inventor posee los derechos sobre los beneficios realizados a partir de una invención por 17 años. Los derechos de autor, los derechos legales y exclusivo a material escrito, publicado o no.
La propiedad intelectual comprende dos ramas: la propiedad industrial y propiedad artística. La propiedad industrial se refiere principalmente a las invenciones, marcas, diseños industriales y denominaciones de origen. Por ejemplo, la Coca Cola Company posee el símbolo que es conocida en todo el mundo para la gaseosa Coca-Cola que produce. Patentes y derechos de autor son principalmente de obras literarias, musicales, obras artísticas, fotográficas y audiovisuales. Por ejemplo, en la parte posterior de un disco compacto (CD) en la casilla, no es (en letra muy pequeña) información sobre las patentes y derechos de autor para la música en ese CD.
Hoy en día, hay un gran aumento en el volumen de negocios internacional que se lleva a cabo en todo el mundo. Más de negocios internacionales de medios más complejos debates acerca de la propiedad intelectual. Más de negocios internacionales plantea nuevos retos para expertos de propiedad intelectual. La OMPI es una organización cuyo principal objetivo es hacer frente a este desafío. Mientras que en un país hay leyes que protegen los derechos de los inventores y artistas, puede que no haya leyes en otro país. ¿Cómo resolver los conflictos éticos y legales sobre la propiedad intelectual de un país a otro? ¿Qué orientación jurídica tenemos, a nivel internacional, en la resolución de cuestiones éticas y legales muy diferentes a través de las fronteras nacionales? Lo que puede ser una violación de la propiedad intelectual en un país no puede constituir una violación de la propiedad intelectual en otro.
Hay muchos productos falsificados en todo el mundo. Algunos países no permiten la falsificación de productos que se compran y venden; otros países lo permiten las ventas de estos productos.
La música es un producto fácilmente falsificados. Una serie de artistas, incluyendo Garth Brooks y Bruce Springsteen han buscado activamente "las operaciones de contrabando de CD" (individuos y grupos que la falsificación de discos compactos).
"La policía de vídeo" han recibido cobertura de prensa importante en sus esfuerzos para encontrar contrabandistas. programas deportivos de televisión y videos para el hogar viendo realizar renuncias en algunos países. Estas renuncias estipulan claramente que la cinta de vídeo es sólo para uso doméstico y no puede ser copiado o utilizado para cualquier propósito que no sea para entretenimiento en el hogar. Ejemplos de otros productos falsificados son gorras de béisbol Nike, Tommy Hilfiger, camisetas, relojes Rolex, Chanel y bolsos.
Un énfasis sustancial en las actividades y recursos de la OMPI está dedicada a promover la cooperación con los países en desarrollo. En agosto de 1998, más de 170 Estados miembros de la OMPI. Seis estados adicionales, que no eran todavía miembros, participaron en los tratados administrados por la OMPI.

Capítulo 9
Normas de Calidad

El objetivo de este capítulo es las normas de calidad y de las difíciles cuestiones que se plantean por las normas y la ética internacional. En este tema se basará en el conocimiento y construir sobre la ética que los estudiantes traen a nuestras clases. La especial atención que hemos elegido, las normas internacionales de calidad, sirve a las necesidades de los profesores y estudiantes en todo el mundo.
Vamos a empezar a explorar el tema en la información de antecedentes, en la sección Aula de aplicaciones, los maestros pueden elegir una o todas las actividades. Por último, una lista de recursos de Internet permite a los maestros para obtener más información sobre las normas internacionales de calidad de la web.
Antecedentes
Las normas de calidad ayudan a las empresas a funcionar de una manera ética. Estas normas dicen lo que las empresas requisitos mínimos son necesarios para garantizar al público que el producto o servicio que se ofrece es de alta calidad.
¿Cómo hacemos para el establecimiento de normas para los miles de diferentes empresas en el mundo de hoy? ¿Cómo abordamos las cuestiones culturales en el establecimiento de normas de calidad internacional? ¿Qué puede hacer un negocio con el fin de tener confianza en que sus productos o servicios cumplen con los estándares de calidad que aseguren una ventaja competitiva en el mundo empresarial? ¿Cómo podemos aprender más sobre el establecimiento de normas en un entorno empresarial cambiante? ¿Y cómo la Internet influyen en nuestra capacidad para establecer y cumplir con las normas en el mundo de los negocios internacionales? Estas cuestiones se abordarán en esta sección.
Vamos a discutir las normas internacionales de calidad desde tres perspectivas: internacional, nacional y regional. Los tres puntos de vista influyen en las normas internacionales de calidad y determinar cómo los distintos países operan dentro de la comunidad internacional
Construcción de las Normas Internacionales de
Según la investigación, hay etapas en el desarrollo universal de la moral entre los humanos. Esto significa que todas las personas en todas las culturas de todo el mundo siguen, más o menos, un patrón similar de desarrollo en sus valores morales.
Si aceptamos esta conclusión, entonces puede haber una manera de establecer directrices sobre normas de calidad en los negocios internacionales. Esto sugiere que a pesar de la increíble diversidad de productos y servicios entre las empresas y las identidades de numerosas actividades culturales, religiosas y nacionales de todo el mundo, podría ser posible tener una norma común de calidad
¿Es posible establecer estándares de calidad que sería reconocida y utilizada en todo el mundo? La Organización Internacional de Normas es un cuerpo de profesionales de la empresa, cuya misión es identificar y aplicar las normas internacionales de calidad para las empresas. Si tiene éxito, la ISO es la organización por primera vez en la historia para establecer esas normas. Aunque los miembros de esta organización no lo hacen, en este momento, representan a todos los participantes individuales en el comercio internacional, el objetivo de la organización es incluir mayor número de países y empresas como sea posible.
(Nota: Un sitio web con el listado de todos los miembros de la ISO y su información de contacto aparece en la sección Recursos de Internet de este capítulo.)
Según los expertos en ética empresarial, los problemas para el establecimiento de normas internacionales, y de hecho todos los problemas en los negocios internacionales, son los valores. Estos temas se dividen en tres grandes categorías: valores comparables, los valores los valores de la tensión, e incompatibles (ver Treviño y Nelson1 para una discusión detallada sobre este tema).
La tarea de establecer normas de calidad se puede conseguir fácilmente en la primera de estas tres categorías, valores comparables. Si dos profesionales de la empresa siga los mismos valores, su enfoque de la calidad no será muy diferente. Para la segunda categoría, es posible resolver los valores de tensión ya que las dos partes no están en conflicto directo sobre todas las cuestiones, sólo algunos. Sin embargo, la tercera categoría, los valores incompatibles, es el tema importante para los negocios y ética profesionales de los negocios en el siglo 21. ¿Cómo podemos establecer normas de calidad si las normas de algún modo desafían la nuestra, o de alguien más, los valores básicos? Con el fin de responder a esta pregunta, necesitamos, en primer lugar, examinar el significado de calidad.
Calidad
¿Cuál es la calidad en un servicio o producto? Los profesionales de negocios en todo el mundo han establecido normas para la definición de calidad. Estas normas son casi siempre afirmó, ya sea en términos cualitativos, términos cuantitativos, o ambos. Si así consta en términos cualitativos, diríamos que el producto o servicio debe tener ciertas características para ser llamado un "producto de alta calidad o servicio". Si así consta en términos cuantitativos, diríamos que el producto o servicio debe tener ciertas características que se puede demostrar con números. Por ejemplo, un automóvil Fiat debe cumplir con ciertas normas a fin de ser vendidos. En primer lugar, ciertos criterios cualitativos que se cumplan en cuanto a la comodidad, la apariencia y las partes mecánicas del coche. Desde el punto de vista cuantitativo, el fabricante Fiat criterios numéricos para medir la calidad: el tamaño de las piezas, el número de revoluciones por minuto del motor a velocidad de desplazamiento, y así sucesivamente. Ambos criterios - cualitativa y cuantitativa - el estándar Fiat.
A continuación veremos cómo las normas están asegurados para los negocios en los Estados Unidos. Vamos a ver cómo influyen en los valores definición y medición de calidad para los negocios en los Estados Unidos. Por supuesto, en otros países, estos valores pueden variar.
Normas Nacionales:
Un ejemplo En los Estados Unidos, cuatro valores han sido identificados por los especialistas en ética de negocios como la fuente de las normas nacionales de calidad en los negocios. Estos valores incluyen –
• Un sistema legal y reglamentario,
• una gran preocupación por la perspectiva del público y sus expectativas,
• negocio en general valores de los profesionales de los negocios - la expectativa de que los gerentes de empresas son personas éticas,
• Un énfasis en el individuo frente a la corporación.
En los Estados Unidos, hay un conjunto de grupos gubernamentales y profesionales, las leyes y procedimientos para abordar las cuestiones de normas de calidad (ver Recursos en Internet para los sitios web de varios de estos grupos). Estos forman un sistema de regulación que hace cumplir las normas en los negocios.Además, la prensa tiene una fuerte presencia en los EE.UU. en términos de hacer frente a las normas de calidad en los negocios. Por lo tanto, si hay una sospecha de incumplimiento de normas de calidad que causa heridas a una persona o daños a la propiedad, el evento o serie de acontecimientos que condujeron a la sospecha de incumplimiento es muy probable que sea ampliamente conocido y discutido. Por ejemplo, si los niños se lesionan o mueren por un juguete no es seguro, los medios de comunicación informar al público de esta sospecha de violación de normas de calidad.
La ética protestante del trabajo y la expectación por el público de la conducta de superioridad moral por parte de los directores de empresa son muy importantes en que los consumidores EE.UU. esperamos que la empresa un buen desempeño en todo momento y bajo cualquier circunstancia. Es difícil para un negocio que se le excuse de hacerlo mal en los Estados Unidos cuando se trata de normas de calidad.
Por último, el papel del individuo y su responsabilidad por las acciones es muy importante en la gestión de la calidad en los individuos de EE.UU. en las grandes empresas pueden y son responsables de violaciónes de las normas de calidad.
Si un producto o empresa en los EE.UU. ha de alguna manera no cumplen las normas de calidad, dicho producto o empresa puede ser boicoteado públicamente. En parte, una respuesta del público se debe a la percepción - bien o mal - que los productos y servicios deben cumplir con los estándares de calidad. La mayoría de las cuestiones relacionadas con la seguridad del producto, su manipulación, o por no satisfacer al cliente son detectados por los consumidores o tenido en cuenta por las empresas.
En resumen, los valores que unen a una nación en conjunto llegan a influir en las normas de calidad en todo el mundo. Los Estados Unidos son un ejemplo de un país cuyos valores se pueden observar fácilmente en lo que respecta a normas de calidad en los negocios. De esos valores, el papel de los cuatro se presenta brevemente aquí como un ejemplo. Los maestros y los estudiantes quieren analizar los valores con los que están estrechamente asociados en sus propios países. Este análisis proporcionará penetraciones ricas en la función y la definición de estándares de calidad y en el ámbito nacional.
Normas profesión específica Internacional de las asociaciones profesionales son una buena manera de establecer normas internacionales de calidad ya que estas asociaciones representan los intereses del grupo profesional en lugar de los intereses de un grupo nacional. En un mundo cada vez más reducidas, se están desarrollando las subculturas de los profesionales de negocios, contadores de personas que se hacen llamar "marketing internacional", e "internacional". Los valores de estos grupos de forma profesional debidamente las normas del mundo empresarial del siglo 21.
Además de los esfuerzos internacionales para construir un estándar de calidad y los esfuerzos nacionales para definir y asegurar la calidad en los negocios, los grupos profesionales que funcionan también para establecer normas para las empresas y la industria. Las asociaciones profesionales ofrecen a las empresas información y orientación en el establecimiento de normas. A través de los organismos de acreditación, los comités de revisión inter pares, y los procedimientos de revisión editorial, profesionales de los negocios en cientos de áreas especializadas que las organizaciones regionales, nacionales e internacionales y asociaciones que los guía en el establecimiento de normas. Los estándares profesionales se fijan para todas las profesiones y en todos los lugares de trabajo. Medicina, el Derecho, la educación y la industria de servicios disponer de normas de calidad que guía su trabajo. Estas normas sirven para apoyar a las empresas que ofrecen productos y servicios y representan los intereses del grupo profesional de que se trate.

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Business Ethics

...According to International Business Ethics Institute, understanding business ethics can be problematic in the sense that, this field is vast, often encompassing many concerns such as corporate governance, social responsibility, reputation management, accurate accounting and audits, fair labor practices and environmental stewardship to name a few. Moreover, it generally addresses the entire scope of responsibilities and obligations that a company has to each of its stakeholders like clients, employees, shareholders, suppliers and the community. To simply define business ethics, it is a form of applied ethics where it inculcates a sense within a company’s employees on how to conduct business responsibly. Business ethics seems easy to understand but when you get to the real one, you could find yourself in a confusing situation. Since the term ethics can pose many definitions in a broad context and it can be difficult to find a common understanding of the term, hence, most companies refer the concept of the term ethics as integrity, business practices or responsible business conduct. After you have known the basic definition of business ethics, you would now begin to know the business ethics of a chosen company. This paper aims to give some views on how Hewlett-Packard, an international company which provides mostly computer technologies worldwide, imposes their generally-established business ethics which means to say that it is enforced to their branches all over the world. Hewlett-Packard...

Words: 297 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Business Ethic

...Ethics and Integrity in Multinational Companies Silvia Delia OLARU Spiru Haret University, Bucharest, Romania E-mail:olarudelia@yahoo.com Phone: + 40213169793 Elena GURGU Spiru Haret University, Bucharest, Romania E-mail:elenagurgu@yahoo.com Phone: + 40213169785/88 – ext.151 Abstract The good news for multinationals is that globalization is creating more universal standards of business conduct, and these are becoming more rigorous. As more companies adopt these standards, it becomes increasingly important for every multinational to establish companywide core values, standards of behavior, and relevant policies in tune with the rest of the world's ethics and compliance environment. The benefits of an ethical culture outweigh the costs. Globally ethical companies will be those that maintain a strong reputation in all their markets, experience increased employee commitment and loyalty, garner advantages in attracting and retaining customers, and generate superior levels of performance and success. Keywords: globally ethical companies, business conduct, ethical culture, professional standards, corporate code of conduct Introduction Companies operating in foreign countries find that understanding and complying with variant laws, managing employees far from headquarters, serving customers and relating to suppliers and partners in multiple jurisdictions can introduce significant challenges to developing shared corporate values and realizing a truly global culture. Multinational...

Words: 2644 - Pages: 11

Premium Essay

Business Ethics

...Christian Hufford Ethical Issues in Business Business Ethics BA 338 Business Ethics Unit 4 Individual Project August 5, 2014 Professor Loschiavo Pyramid schemes and Ponzi schemes share many similar characteristics in which unsuspecting individuals are fooled by unscrupulous investors who promise extraordinary returns. However, in contrast to a regular investment, these types of schemes can offer consistent “profits” only as long as the number of investors continues to increase. Ponzi and pyramid schemes are self-sustaining as long as cash outflows can be matched by monetary inflows. The basic difference a rises in the type of products that schemers offer their clients and the structure of the two ploys. Ponzi schemes are based on fraudulent investment management services- basically investors contribute money to the “portfolio manager” who promises them a high return, and then when those investors want their money back they are paid out with the incoming funds contributed by later investors. The person organizing this type of fraud is in charge of controlling the entire operation; they merely transfer funds from one client to another and forgo any real investment activities. On the other hand, a pyramid scheme is structured so that the initial schemer must recruit other investors who will continue to recruit other investors and those investors will then continue to recruit additional investors and so on. Sometimes there will be an incentive that is presented as an...

Words: 746 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Business Ethics

...|BUSINESS ETHICS | |Individual assignment | | | | | |Topic 1: The factors influencing corporate culture | |LECTURER: |Trangdtt | |STUDENT: |Nguyen Thuy Anh | |ID NO. |FB00163 | |CLASS: |BA0601.2 | I. NATURE AND BACKGROUND OF FIRM: The Coca-Cola Company is the world's largest beverage company and is the leading producer and marketer of soft...

Words: 984 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Business Ethics

...------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- College of Business, Hospitality and Tourism Studies ------------------------------------------------- Department of Accounting ACC601 – Corporate Accounting Trimester 2, 2012 Research Assignment 2, (10%) Instructions: ( For Education students only) Note * This assignment is to be carried out in groups of three. * Students are required to choose only one topic, and write a research report, based on the format given. * The assignment must comply with normal academic requirements. Refer to the course outline and regulation concerned with plagiarism and copying! * The assignment is out of 10 marks and carries a weighting of 10% towards the overall assessment. * Hard copy & soft assignments must be submitted on or before 24th July 2012. Your written assignment submission format * Cover page – ID# and full name of group members * Acknowledgement declaration (if any interviews conducted) * Abstract / Value of research ½ page * Your research topic / company * why you choose a particular company/ topic – Rationale/ value of research * Methodology of obtaining research information 1page * Quantitative/ and qualitative analysis * Introduction1page * What is your topic and briefly discuss about that topic(aims...

Words: 407 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Business Ethics

...SUBJECT BUSINESS ETHICS PROFESSOR CYRUS GONDA TOPIC UNETHICAL PRACTISE IN FOLLOWING SECTORS: HOSPITAL GROSSERY HOTEL INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY JOURNALISM GYMNASIUM INTERIOR INSURANCE UNETHICAL PRACTISE IN DIFFERENT SECTORS Hospital No profession is more fundamentally rooted in an ethic than medicine. In the 21st century, almost every young American physician graduates from medical school by reciting some version of an oath of ethical behavior first sworn to by doctors in the fifth century B.C. To be sure, the original formulation by the Greek physician Hippocrates is a bit outdated--starting with its invocation of obscure Greek gods and, among many anachronisms, equating treatment with "dietetic measures" and relegating surgery to barbers. Many medical schools have adopted updated versions of the oath, in which not only the language and concepts are modernized but also considerations such as avoiding overtreatment and factoring the patient's economic well-being into the therapeutic relationship are explicitly included in the pledge. Ethical guidelines are central to medical practice because of what one respondent to ACPE's recent poll of physician leaders summarized as the "inherent conflict of interest" between the physician's role as trusted healer and the physician's role as breadwinner--earning a living from the medical knowledge and ministrations applied Case studies: the legal implications for health care's bad business practices Bad, or unethical,...

Words: 4237 - Pages: 17

Free Essay

Business Ethics

...Our group worked very efficiently and effectively together but there is always room for improvement. When we first met, we divided the project into equal parts and set a due date for the written parts. One thing that we could have worked on would be to have more meetings. We feel that if we met maybe one or two more times, we could have gotten all of our issues with the written parts and presentation out rather than communicating though texting and Facebook. Another aspect our group could have improved on would be communication within our group. Although we all finished our parts on time without any conflict, we never got together to bounce ideas off each other and give each other ideas for our parts. We were just assigned the parts and didn’t discuss them until we put it all together. This could have been beneficial to all of us and maybe make the workload less. Overall, we all agreed that our group worked very well together. We started the assignment when it was given to us and finished our parts on time to the best of our ability. We set deadlines and met all together to discuss what our roles were and our meeting were efficient. It was very interesting to meet new people from different parts of the world and work together with them. It was good for all of us to get out of our comfortable groups and come together with people with different interest and ideas with such diverse cultural backgrounds. It was a very realistic representation of what the real world will be like...

Words: 312 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Business Ethics

...1) Yes, I believe that Project Share is altruistic in nature and serves the greater good of man and it is also a good business decision for the company. I have postulated some of my thoughts on the writings of Milton Friedman. While I have no objections to giving back to the community and doing social good, I do believe that a majority of the money, time and effort should come from employee contributions rather than corporate dollars used for funds, grants and scholarships. Companies should limit their direct involvement in these activities using just their brand and influence to raise public awareness to the cause, so long as it is consistent with the companies’ values and beliefs. I also believe it is the firm’s primary job is to focus on delivering the highest possible return of shareholder value. If a company cannot produce a profit, or sustain the shareholder’s appetite, then the possibility of promoting a Project Share cannot exist. Everything in the business revolution is predicated on returning value. I should clarify, that my statements above are based upon the fact the companies in discussion are publicly traded and not private entities. Private entities, which include partnerships, limited liability corporations and other non-traded companies with limited employees and owners who are the sole shareholders, can operate as the social responsibility doctrine as they see fit. 2) Milton Friedman’s, belief was that the one and only one social responsibility of a...

Words: 613 - Pages: 3

Free Essay

Sylabus for Business Ethic

...FACULTY OF ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG  MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT   COURSE  COURSE CODE  SCHEDULE AND CLASS  NAMA DOSEN / EMAIL  WEBSITE / POWER POINT/   TEACHING MATERIAL  BUSINESS ETHICS  EBM 612217 / 3 Credit  BILLINGUAL F103 Room / Friday 13:30 – 16:00 AM  MUDJI RACHMAT RAMELAN, S.E., MBA. / muji@feb.unila.ac.id  Dina Safitri, S.E, M.I.B.  http://silabus.fe.unila.ac.id Business Ethics: Concepts and Cases (7th Edition) 2012 by Manuel G.  Velasquez,  ISBN‐10: 0205017665, ISBN‐13: 978‐0205017669, Pearson  International Edition  2st (even) Semester of 2013/2014    SEMESTER       Course Description    Business ethics course is thinking or reflection about morality in business and economic activities, where  morality is defined as good aspects and / or bad aspects, commendable or reprehensible that the  human behavior is to be allowed or not allowed.    In a business context, the quest for profit is a reasonable component of each business venture, so often  ignored and passed all requirements of morality. The study of business ethics is expected to provide  impact on student behavior as actors of business in the future, so it is expected that the course will  broaden students thinking that will create an actors of economy and business that can hold on to moral  virtues.    Course goal     On completion of course the students will be able to   Knowing and expressing the concept of business ethics both generally and specifically.   Identifies the elements associated with the business ethics...

Words: 484 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Siemens - Business Ethics

...sector nationally and in the region. Siemens' overall involvement in the region dates back almost 140 years. The company's name first became known through the construction of the Indo-European telegraph line from London to Calcutta in 1870. Siemens' first office in what is now Pakistan opened in 1922. The Siemens Pakistan Engineering Company Ltd. was founded in 1953 as a private company, and in 1963 the company was reorganized as a public limited company. Introduction and purpose: This Code of conduct (Ethics) of Siemens Pakistan Engineering Co. Ltd. ("the Company") helps in maintaining and following the standards of business conduct of the Company. The purpose of the Code is to deter wrong-doing, promote ethical conduct in the Company and ensure compliance with the legal requirements, the matters covered in this Code are of the utmost importance to the Company, its stakeholders and business partners. Further, these are essential so that the Company can conduct its business in accordance with its stated values and its legitimate interests. Applicability: The Code is applicable to the following persons unless repugnant to the context or specified otherwise in this code: (a)Members of the Board of Directors of the Company; and (b)Senior Managerial Personnel i.e. all members of management at including all functional heads and such other...

Words: 7790 - Pages: 32

Premium Essay

Business Ethics

...BUSINESS ETHICS Name Institution of Affiliation Introduction The business environment is changing to embrace ethical conduct in the performance of duties and activities of individuals in professional setting. Nowadays, companies are exposed to public scrutiny where their corporate social responsibility and social accountability are assessed. A shift towards rethinking the various functions of a business entity to encompass ethics into their daily management activities has been undertaken as entities seek to be market leaders. Business ethics encompasses the relationship the company has with the employees, customers, shareholders and the community. Business ethics is the analysis of business activities and situations where issues pertaining what constitute a right or wrong act are dealt with through institutional processes (Jennings, 2011). Consequently, ethics involves ascertaining good practices from bad practices based on the context of morals. On the other hand, moral conduct is the behaviour exhibited by human beings that can either be right or wrong depending on the context whereas business ethics. Business ethics can be viewed from two distinct perspectives; descriptive ethics and normative ethics. Normative ethics ascribes to the justification of moral systems whereas descriptive ethics depicts what ethical practices are. Ideally, the paper will delve into more details concerning what business ethics entails and the importance of business ethics...

Words: 1492 - Pages: 6

Premium Essay

Business Ethics Assignment

...Higher Education Assessment | School: | Hospitality, Tourism and Sport | Awarding Body: | Lancaster University | Module Code: | TH4MD013 | Programme Title: | Foundation Degree Hospitality and Licensed Retail Management | Occurrence: | 13/15 | Module Title: | Business Ethics and Social Responsibility | Weighting: | 100% | Assessment Title: | Corporate Social Responsibility | Assessment No. | 1 | fds | Tutor Details | Name | Ian Mills | Telephone No. | 504481 | | Email | Ian.Mills@blackpool.ac.uk | Room | SB110 | | Internal Verification (IV)For Staff Use Only | Assessment Brief IVMust be internally verified prior to distribution to students | IV Name: | Beverley Heinze | | | Date: | | | Student Submission IVTo be completed if the assessment submission forms part of the IV sample | IV Name: | | | | Date: | | | Assessment Distribution, Submission & ReturnPlease note that late submissions may incur a penalty as defined within the assessment regulations of the awarding body | Distribution Date: | Monday 19th January 2015 | | Submission Time: | Midnight | | Submission Date: | Friday 15th May 2015 | | Submission Point/Location: | Moodle | | Feedback Week Commencing: | Week commencing Monday 1st June 2015 | | Student Number: | | Student Name: | | | Assessment RecordFor Staff Use Only. All assessment grades are subject to ratification by the College board of examiners and the awarding body. | Grade Awarded:...

Words: 842 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Business Ethics

...The success of modern business is apparent, but recently there is much concern in the business-and-society literature and in the general press on whether business fulfils its social role responsibly. Business ethics, corporate social responsibility and corporate governance movements have been developed in recent decades as responses to a growing sense of corporate wrongdoing. This paper attempts to explain why the three movements seem yet to have generated little in the form of widely accepted prescriptions for improvement of business behaviour to the satisfaction of the “constituents” of business, i.e. the major stakeholders. Without denying the usefulness of any of the three movements, the paper suggests that there are weaknesses in all three, especially concerning the way they conceive modern business operation. To this end business pluralism, responsive codes of practice and re-examination of the assumptions (conditions) of business operation could be helpful. In the business literature there is a major strand that celebrates business strength and seeks formulae for success. This strand was manifested in the Scientific Management tradition dating from Frederic Taylor’s work in the early twentieth century (Taylor, 1911) and continued through the Human Relations studies of Elton Mayo that sought to find growth through taking care of the “people dimension” (Roethlisberger and Dickson, 1939). The tradition was further developed following the publication by Peters and Waterman...

Words: 1693 - Pages: 7

Premium Essay

Business Ethics

...Running head: Ethical and Moral Issues in Business * Ethical and Moral Issues in Business MGT/216 * Ethical and Moral Issues in Business * In this paper I will address the following topics: the differences between moral and ethical issues, the differences between business ethics and personal ethics and list some examples of ethical issues in today’s business environment. The line between morals and ethics may seem blurred; however, some differences between the two do exist. Morals are defined as one’s personal values or beliefs. These values are typically established by religious beliefs or family influences. Ethics are defined as guidelines for behavioral standards. These guidelines are usually set in place by a specific group or groups of people. For example, businesses usually have a specific code of ethics that may differ from a religious group’s code of ethics. What is acceptable for one group or organization may be unacceptable to others. Business ethics are defined as codes or guidelines used to govern behaviors and practices within any given company. Typically all companies abide by a written code of ethics. These codes are used to ensure that employees understand and practice acceptable behaviors in the workplace. Usually a company’s code of ethics is influenced by the culture surrounding that business. In the business world, personal ethics will sometimes be put aside for the greater gain of the...

Words: 669 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Business Ethics

...on ethics by the Santa Clara University, a number of years ago sociologist Raymond Baumhart conducted a survey asking people about what they think of ethics. The results showed many people linking ethics to their feelings, their religion and standards set by the society (Manuel et al, para. 2). Manuel Velasquez and other authors of an article published by the Santa Clara University on business ethics pointed out flaws in the responses. They believed that feelings sometimes deviate from ethics because a person may feel to do something that is not right (Manuel et al, para. 4). Moreover, they argued that most religions advocate high ethical standards, yet these standards cannot be identified with religion because if they were, they would have only applied to religious people (Manuel et al, para. 5). Finally, saying that ethics are standards that a society set was proved wrong as the standards of behavior in a society can diverge from ethics, considering Nazi Germany which was a society that became morally corrupt (Manuel et al.). This was what ethics are not. Then, what are ethics? Ethics are the well founded standards that are backed up by consistent and well founded reasons. These standards include rights, obligations, honesty, fairness, benefit to society or specific virtues. For example, the rights may include right to life and right to freedom whereas reasonable obligations may include abstaining from stealing and fraud (Manuel et al, para 7). The application of ethics is not...

Words: 3013 - Pages: 13