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Business in Bolivia

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TOMS
Toms es una empresa basada en la venta de zapatos o también llamadas alpargatas, que tiende a querer llegar al público alrededor del mundo , no solo por un tema monetario o de moda , sino que la marca va más alla del lucro y del posicionamiento de venta .
Toms es una empresa que trata de influir positivamente en las vidas de sus compradores y afiliados de forma humanitaria y cambiar su forma de ver el mundo.
Todos nos preguntamos de qué manera podría una empresa cambiar el parecer de un simple cliente que tan solo está haciendo compra de un producto.
El mensaje que Toms quiere transmitir no es el típico de “COMPRA MÁS”, “SOMOS LA MEJOR MARCA”, sino de “COMPLACERLOS ES UNA NECESIDAD, AYUDAR ES UN DEBER”
Mostrar al mundo que todo lo que aportamos se puede reflejar en la sociedad y en lo más importante, nuestro futuro que son los niños de ahora.
Se promueven de una manera inusual y poco convencional, porque no invierten en marketing y publicidad, ya que ellos creen y han comprobado que cuando se trata de una buena causa con algo que tenga buena calidad la voz corre muy rápido, simplemente tienen tiendas, una página web y lo demás son mensajes de boca a boca que se transmite la gente.

Este es un caso muy interesante y a la vez difícil de analizar. La historia comienza en el 2006, cuando el estadounidense Blake Mycoskie (30 años para ese entonces) vino a la Argentina a pasear y aprender a jugar al polo con un amigo argentino. En su estadía pasó por el norte del país y vio chicos en situación de pobreza extrema, mucho de ellos descalzos y con los pies heridos. Conoció a algunos trabajadores sociales del lugar que estaban repartiendo zapatillas y fue allí donde comenzó a pensar como darles un calzado a los chicos de una manera sustentable. En este mismo viaje fue cuando vió las típicas alpargatas argentinas.
Así fue como Mycoskie decidió fundar ‘TOMS shoes’, una empresa que como dijimos anteriormente vende distintos modelos de alpargatas que van desde los 40 a los 70 dólares, y que por cada unidad vendida entrega una exactamente igual a un chico en situación de pobreza en Argentina y países africanos. La idea de crear una empresa y no una ONG fue darle sustentabilidad al proyecto. Según el mismo explicó en una entrevista que le hizo Bill Clinton en uno de sus eventos “Decidí hacer una empresa porque era una manera sustentable de poder seguir dándole a los chicos calzado. Si hubiésemos sido una ONG dependeríamos de donaciones, y quizás gente que me donó el primer año al segundo no lo hubiese hecho porque habrían elegido otra causa, por el ejemplo el huracán Katrina”. También explica que no gastan dinero en publicidad ni marketing y es por eso que pueden costear un par extra de calzado para cada chico y a la vez tener una ganancia. Mycoskie considera que cada comprador se convierte en un donante de su causa y un filántropo, y promociona sus productos con la frase ‘ayúdanos a cambiar el mundo’. Considera que el calzado hace una diferencia decisiva en la vida de estos chicos. Hasta el día de hoy, TOMS shoes ha entregado 140.000 unidades a chicos en distintos lugares del mundo. Estos calzados son básicamente alpargatas mejoradas. Blake Mycoskie es considerado por muchos en su país natal como un emprendedor social ejemplar, con una idea innovadora y genial: por cada par que compras, le damos uno igual a un chico pobre.
Ahora bien, comencemos a preguntarnos algunas cosas: ¿Darle únicamente un par de alpargatas a chicos en situación de pobreza, cambia su situación en el largo plazo? ¿Hay un seguimiento a cada chico que se asiste, que pasa cuando le crece el pie? ¿Dónde se fabrican los productos, en qué condiciones y que costos? ¿Es realmente la idea del proyecto asistir con calzado a chicos en situación de pobreza, o se utiliza ese concepto como un argumento de venta?
Navegando por la página web de la empresa, en la sección de prensa, se puede ver la atención que prestaron importantísimos medios hacia la iniciativa: la revista Rolling Stones, New York Times, People, Vogue, Menshealth y Elle son parte de una larga e impresionante lista. También se puede apreciar algunos de los muchos videos muy bien producidos, la utilización de redes sociales y una cuidada estética que obviamente es resultado de una enorme cantidad de trabajo detrás ¿Cómo se logra todo esto sin presupuesto en publicidad y marketing? La pregunta no sería relevante para una empresa común y corriente que busque la ganancia. Pero en este caso la elección de crear una empresa en lugar de una ONG fue únicamente para darle sustentabilidad al proyecto, y no la generación de riqueza. Dicho esto, entonces, es válida la pregunta.
Como concepto de cambio social creo que es discutible el impacto que puede tener la asistencia con un par de alpargatas a chicos que tienen decenas de necesidad básicas insatisfechas. Es por eso que seguramente si Mycoskie hubiese creado una ONG con ese único objetivo, no hubiese obtenido demasiado apoyo, lo cual es lógico. Al tener una empresa, esta lo libera en cierta forma de tener que dar explicaciones sobre su accionar con las comunidades locales, ni interiorizarse o especializarse en temas puramente sociales. Tampoco tiene que evaluar si su accionar tiene o no un impacto social.
Creo que, más allá de todo esto, hay un error inicial en su análisis: la idea que una ONG no puede ser sustentable ya que ‘depende de donaciones y sponsors’. A mi entender un grave error conceptual; muchas ONG han demostrado ser sustentables y han seguido en pie inclusive en momentos de crisis económicas. Esos casos fueron posibles gracias a buenas planificaciones y estrategias pensadas, y sigue siendo posible por supuesto. Los donantes o sponsors tambien se convierten un gran activo de las organizaciones ya que están más comprometidos con las causas que apoyan y seguramente demandaran a las organizaciones a superarse, mejorar y buscar la excelencia en el desarrollo, ejecución y el impacto de sus programas. No es el caso de los consumidores de TOMS shoes, que compran un par de zapatos y al mismo tiempo la idea de ser filántropos, sin cuestionar ni interiorizarse en la causa que supuestamente están apoyando. Una manera bastante rara para ‘cambiar el mundo’, según mi visión.
La entrega de 140.000 unidades de calzado en los últimos 3 años supone una venta de igual cantidad (uno vendido, uno entregado). A un precio promedio de 50 dólares por unidad, estamos hablando de 7 millones de dólares en 3 años. Un numero que muchas ONG de base que trabajan con cientos de chicos, comunidades y ejecutando decenas de programas ni siquiera suenan con tener. ¿No deberían estos fondos poder ser analizados con los estándares de una ONG, teniendo en cuenta su porcentaje de eficiencia, impacto de los programas en la comunidad, transparencia,

Por lo general a este tipo de acciones las vuelven ONG , pero como mostramos anteriormente , es un negocio sustentable y de gran alcance al publico.
Los Beneficio Potenciales para la Empresa

Para empezar la empresa vende zapatos de buena calidad, de alta costura , comodidad y con estilo .
Eso atrae muchos clientes por el simple hecho de como están hechos los zapatos ya cuando el cliente se interioriza , y se entera como funciona el sistema , siente un placer aun mayor al comprar uno de estos , ya que no solo se esta complaciendo a si mismo al obtener un nuevo calzado pero que también esta ayudando a otra persona que tienen necesidades y regalanadole una sonrisa.

Las zapatillas tienen un modelo muy juvenil y a la vez serio con la intención de no solo llegar a la comunidad juvenil pero también a las personas que quieran estar comodas mientras caminan o dan paseos largos , que usualmente lo hacen las personas de tercer edad , eso quiere decir que la empresa apunta a clientes desde 5 años para adelante , no importa si tiene 90 o 10 años , los calzados le sientan bien a cualquiera.

Cada año Toms Shoes sube sus ventas en un 10% , porque el mensaje es transmitido de manera que el cliente quiera volver y no solo volver solo , sino que también atraiga mas personas , parientes , amigos , conocidos o hasta desconocidos q escucharon de la gran empresa que es.

No hay persona en el mundo que pueda afirmar que Toms es una empresa con solo fines de lucro ya que para sustentarla se requiere de muchas ventas , y lo que se lucra tampoco da para hacerse millionario , lo importante es que es una marca positiva y mantenerse asi sin engañar a la gente y demostrando que lo que ellos promueven es algo tan cierto como la sustentabilidad de la empresa.

Toms llego a un posicionamiento en el mercado que jamas pensó llegar , ya que el estimaba vender un par de miles de zapatos , pero en menos de 3 años como mencionamos anteriormente vende mas de 140.000 pares lo cual hace que sea una marca que llega mas alla de lo que esperaba y esparabamos .

La satisfacción que tiene Mycoskie por ayudar a gente que realmente lo necesite es alta, con tanto esfuerzo y emprendimiento poder lograr que una marca no solo se posicione en el mercado pero que sea igual o mejor que una ONG , y al mismo tiempo regalando tanta comodidad y felicidad a personas de bajos recursos.

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