...Being a Better Bystander We all possess our own distinct differences from appearance to our individual position or role in society. However, there is one role we all share; the role of bystander. The only qualifications for the role are having functioning eyes and or ears. These give us the means to create observations. Such observation whether it be by means of sight or sound comes with the obligation and ultimately the responsibility to react when a situation becomes dangerous. When one witnesses a situation where someone is in danger, it is the responsibility of that person to intervene in some form. It is better to intervene in a situation that proved to be more harmless than to not intervene at all and discover that such intervention...
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...2013 Violence in Media and Children There is a wide and growing acknowledgment of the fact that media isn’t just a “mirror of the society” – a smooth polished surface presenting an undistorted reflection of the world around us. For if that were true then all a newsman would have to do is to point his/her camera at the world and hit the record/air button. But in reality, the recorded content is often relayed back to the tv station where rather active decisions are taken at every step of the production process regarding how much of what content should be shown and when. Therefore it can be argued that the media plays no small role in molding our perceptions of the world we live in and in extension affecting the world itself. While this paper shall acknowledge the importance of media in today’s society, it shall neither reiterate the nature or extent of its positive aspects but shall instead focus on presenting an argument that exposure to violent media is harmful to children. One of the reasons it is true is that recent studies show that children today from ages 2 to18 with the exception of sleeping, spend more time watching television than they do performing any other single activity. (1) Additionally, today’s media bears no resemblance to the media a few decades ago; while viewers today are constantly bombarded with images of blood and gore, such a thing would have been almost unimaginable back then. When children are Gollamudi 2 repeatedly exposed to such violence for a...
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...It's interesting to see how people react to these sorts of social experiments. This video shows domestic violence when men are the victims and attempt to defend themselves in public. Some people may think that violence is violence and that you should fight fire with fire, that is somewhat the case here as the victim uses similar, but naturally stronger force against the perpetrator. Again, since the victim is a man, there are obvious physical differences, which by other bystanders, be seen as a possible danger for the woman. So their reactions are somewhat understandable. The thing here too is that no one reacts negatively when the woman is being evidently violent against her boyfriend. They see it as a humorous and harmless act. The man gets the biggest reactions and they're all negative, when all of what he was doing was defending himself. This could have something to do with stereotypes that make people think that women are defenseless, weak and require protection, whereas the men are violent and more aggressive. There could also be some simple thinking here, like the saying “you're less of a man when you hit a woman”, but what would be the case here when the man is being physically attacked? What if he gets shot or stabbed by his girlfriend? Should he also keep his hands to himself to keep this manly pride? There are some things that are overlooked simply by the gender of the person. Other men could also intervene to try to be heroic and win the girl over, and it's simple...
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...Bensimon and contributors All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-4438-0069-4, ISBN (13): 978-1-4438-0069-3 TO THE VICTIMS OF TERRORISM AND VIOLENCE. LET US PRAY THAT EXPANDING THE RIGHT KNOWLEDGE INTO THE RIGHT HANDS WILL CONTRIBUTE TO THE ATTENUATION OF HUMAN EVIL AND CONSEQUENT SUFFERING. TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword ..................................................................................................... x Gerd F. Kirchhoff Editors’ Introduction ................................................................................... 1 Between perception and victimization: Trends and issues in victimology Natti Ronel, K. Jaishankar & Moshe Bensimon Part I: Justice for victims Chapter One............................................................................................... 12 Ideology and the behavior of perpetrators and victims of violence Noach (Norman) Milgram Chapter Two .............................................................................................. 32 An informal approach to delinquents and their victims: An alternative to standard punishment Uri Timor Chapter Three...
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...Discuss the Social Psychology of the Bystander Effect Name Grade Course Tutor’s Name Date Introduction The bystander effect is a social psychological sensation that alludes to cases in which people don't offer any method for help to a victimized person when other individuals are available. The likelihood of assistance is contrarily identified with the amount of bystanders. At the end of the day, the more noteworthy the amount of bystanders, the more improbable it is that any of them will offer assistance. A few variables help to clarify why the bystander effect happens. These variables include: ambiguity, cohesiveness and diffusion of responsibility. The bystander effect was initially showed in the laboratory by John Darley and Bibb Latané in 1968 after they got to be intrigued by the subject after the homicide of Kitty Genovese in 1964. These researchers dispatched an arrangement of experiments that brought about one of the strongest and most replicable impacts in social brain science, Bibb Latané and Judith Rodin (1969). In a common examination, the member is either alone or among a gathering of different members or confederates. A crisis circumstance is arranged and researchers measure to what extent it takes the members to mediate, in the event that they intercede. These experiments have discovered that the vicinity of others restrains helping, often by an extensive edge. Case in point, Bibb Latané and Judith Rodin (1969)...
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...someone falling flat on their face is kind of funny, right? Sure.” This is how it starts: small. Bullying. A form of abuse: involving repeated acts over time attempting to create or enforce one person's (or group's) power over another person (or group). Recently, I have learned the going-on of one of the most tragic events ever, The Shoah. Through this learning I have derived some profound insights into not only myself, but others. My World Geography class researched acts of the Holocaust and discussed them at length. These exercises changed me, forever. They provided an experience that was incredibly valuable in changing my view on a variety of things: the role of bystanders, empathy, the power of little things, and how to react. Therefore, studying the Holocaust has changed my view and reaction to bullying, which is now focused on both recognizing and stopping bullying. The first thing we discussed about the Holocaust was the string of continuous discriminatory acts against the Jews. It was a changing moment for me. Before then, I had supposed the Holocaust as a random act of sorts - an event without roots before it. I was wrong. I learned that bigotry against Jews had been happening for centuries. It started in 70 A.D. and continued building and building and building. This genealogy of Jewish hatred made me rethink how I viewed small acts of bullying within my own life. Now, instead of seeing a small act of bullying and ignoring it, I see that small act...
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...Running head: BYSTANDER APATHY Bystander Apathy: Why does it happen and what could help prevent it? Michelle Jofen Y.N.R. Institute for Marriage and Family Therapy Studies BYSTANDER APATHY 1 What is meant by the term "Bystander effect"? The term "Bystander effect" refers to a phenomenon in which the greater the number of people present, the less likely people are to help a person in distress. Research into this tendency stemmed from a murder case from 1964. On March 13th, 1964, 28 year old Kitty Genovese was raped and stabbed to death in front of her apartment complex by Winston Moseley. The attack lasted over 30 minutes and was witnessed by numerous neighbors. At one point Genovese screamed, "Oh my God, he stabbed me! Help me!" One of the neighbors shouted at the attacker, "Let that girl alone!" Moseley ran away and witnesses observed Moseley enter his car and drive away, only to return ten minutes later. He searched for and eventually found Genovese, who was lying in a hallway at the back of the building where a locked doorway had prevented her from entering. He then further attacked Genovese, stabbing her several more times and raping her as she lay dying. Later, some onlookers stated that they thought they were overhearing a "lovers quarrel" whilst others, who realized that they were witnessing a crime but failed to...
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...laid on the belligerent boys or girls. The bystanders who hover, chime in, or squirm on the outskirts of the 'mean' action are dismissed as irrelevant. Also dismissed are those who spread the tale of the victim's woe through the grapevine. In truth, however, this supporting cast plays a significant role in peer-to-peer violence....Bystanders make or break bullying episodes." (Our Children) This article examines the role of the bystander in bullying incidents and outlines some strategies to help encourage young bystanders to act in these situations. OUR CHILDREN Nov./Dec. 2003, pp. 8-10 Reprinted with permission from National PTA. Article originally appeared in OUR CHILDREN magazine, Vol.29, No.3, November/December 2003 pp. 8-10. The Bystander: A Bully's Often-Unrecognized Accomplice By Margaret Sagarese and Charlene C. Giannetti A few years ago, an upstate New York newspaper headline noted that 60 high school girls and boys, ages 14 to 21, faced criminal prosecution for leering at and cheering on two brawling 15-year-old boys. The headline and accompanying story startled us. What we found amazing about this news item was that the police were holding "the human boxing ring" accountable. The "innocent bystander" status usually accorded people on the periphery of such violence was ruled out. The furor over the Glenbrook North High School (Northbrook, Illinois) incident this past May also stripped bystanders of innocence. Even though no one watching...
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...Jump to: navigation, search Bullying is detrimental to students’ well-being and development.[1] Bullying is a form of aggressive behavior manifested by the use of force or coercion to affect others, particularly when the behavior is habitual and involves an imbalance of power. It can include verbal harassment, physical assault or coercion and may be directed repeatedly towards particular victims, perhaps on grounds of race, religion, gender, sexuality, or ability.[2][3] The "imbalance of power" may be social power and/or physical power. The victim of bullying is sometimes referred to as a "target". Bullying consists of three basic types of abuse – emotional, verbal, and physical. It typically involves subtle methods of coercion such as intimidation. Bullying can be defined in many different ways. The UK currently has no legal definition of bullying,[4] while some U.S. states have laws against it.[5] Bullying ranges from simple one-on-one bullying to more complex bullying in which the bully may have one or more 'lieutenants' who may seem to be willing to assist the primary bully in his or her bullying activities. Bullying in school and the workplace is also referred to as peer abuse.[6] Robert W. Fuller has analyzed bullying in the context of rankism. Bullying can occur in any context in which human beings interact with each other. This includes school, church, family, the workplace, home, and neighborhoods. It is even a common push factor in migration. Bullying can exist...
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...Youth Violence: A Report of the Surgeon General. Chapter 4-Risk Factors for Youth Violence. 2000. ww.surgeongeneral.gov/library/youthviolence/report.html This Web site explains that risk factors for violence are not static. Their predictive value changes depending on when they occur in a young person's development, in what social context, and under what circumstances. Risk factors may be found in the individual, the environment, or the individual's ability to respond to the demands or requirements of the environment. Some factors come into play during childhood or even earlier, whereas others do not appear until adolescence. Some involve the family, others the neighborhood, the school, or the peer group. Some become less important as a person matures. Somewhat informative but not sure if I want to use this source. Alexander Volokh with Lisa Snell. School Violence Prevention: Strategies to Keep Schools Safe. www.rppi.org/ps234.html. This site addresses that school violence is a serious problem, especially in public schools. Improving the quality of American education is difficult without also addressing school violence, since regardless of how good the teachers or curriculum are, violence makes it difficult for students to learn. School violence wears many faces. It includes gang activity, locker thefts, bullying and intimidation, gun use, assault—just about anything that produces a victim. Violence is perpetrated against students, teachers, and staff, and ranges from intentional...
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...without conscious awareness or intent. Test your implicit biases: https://implicit.harvard.edu/implicit/ Confederates’ role in social psychology research: an accomplice of the experimenter for research involving deception, plays an assigned role. Cognitive Dissonance: Uncomfortable feeling caused by holding two contradictory viewpoints. Particularly strong if your behavior conflicts with your attitude. -Study: Festinger and Carlsmith, 1959 * Students performed extremely boring task for an hour. * Paid to lie to someone else about it being interesting. * Results: Other example: fraternity hazing, adjusting values to fit behavior Bystander Intervention Effect: failure to help someone observed to be in need. Kitty Genovese story A person is less likely to help if there are other bystanders around. -Study: Latane and Darley, 1968. College students filling out survey while smoke coming in room. If confederates shrug it off, you are less likely to report. -Study: Darley and Batson, 1973 A person in a hurry is less likely to help people, even if he is going to speak on the parable of the Good Samaritan. Milgram’s Obedience Studies Wanted to understand why Germans went along with Nazis. Obedience to authority. Electric shock generator. Learner was confederate....
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...An Assessment of Feminism fighting violence and pornography Feminism, and the lack of equality for women when compared to men, was the key subject throughout the readings in WC2001. Feminists have fought for equality over a long period of time, and women’s rights have improved in many poignant areas. Unfortunately, a lack of knowledge concerning women’s history is letting the new generation’s views be warped by the media concerning the advancements feminism has successfully made for women throughout the world. However, even now, women are still disadvantaged, especially concerning domestic violence and the sex industry, where men are dominating women and enjoying all the benefits, while the women involved, suffer. Feminism has fought hard against such inequalities for the women’s sake, but now it is time for the men to stand up and fight too. The word “Feminist” brings many mixed reactions throughout society; it has been these reactions that have shaped people’s views towards joining a progressing women’s movement, which is bent on bringing equality for ladies everywhere. Before I started WC2001 I was one of those people who viewed feminism as a negative movement. My views were not based on any actual knowledge, but shaped by my society and the media. My lack of education in women’s history prevented me from addressing feminist views critically and most importantly, accurately. This lack of knowledge, which is commonly found throughout society, makes it easy for the media...
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...Statement of Facts: On the night Leroy McPhillen was a patron of The Bottom’s Up Pub, an intoxicated man began shouting obscenities at a woman seated at a table near Mr. McPhillen. As the woman ignored the man’s ranting, the man then approached the woman in a threatening manner. Before the man reached the woman, Mr. McPhillen invited the man to join him at his table. The man refused and grabbed the woman’s wrist. Mr. McPhillen then carefully twisted the man’s arm behind his back and restrained him with a neck hold. Mr. McPhillen refused the man’s request to release him, and firmly seated the man and threatened to punch him if he moved. The woman then informed Mr. McPhillen that the man was her husband. Issue / Questions presented: The questions presented are (1) which intentional torts were committed, and (2) what defenses are available to the tortfeasors? Short Answer: In this case, both the intoxicated man and Mr. McPhillen are in fact guilty of committing intentional torts. Both parties do have arguable defenses available. However, more information is needed regarding (1) events occurring prior to the Assault and Battery on the woman, and (2) the duration of the intoxicated man’s confinement. In order to determine which applicable statutes apply, and each party’s available defenses, we must first define each intentional tort committed. PA165-01...
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...Underage drinking Underage drinking is a significant problem in our society today. It is astonishing and disturbing that about 5.4 million people aged 12-20 engage in binge drinking each year. These young people do not understand the terrible consequences of this action on their brain, their education and their physical actions. The 2013 Youth Risk Behaviour Survey found that amongst high school students: • 10% drove after drinking alcohol • 21% binge drank • 31% drank some alcohol • 22% rode in a car with a driver who had been drinking alcohol These statistics show that teenagers are completely unaware or stupidly ignoring the devastating effects of this irresponsible action. Underage drinking on the brain Underage drinking has a...
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...you should know how bullying feels like. Bullying is very negative and creates major problems for our society. Nothing good comes out of bullying. It could very well change or ruin a person’s life. In fact, it does ruin many people’s lives. Kids can be mentally scarred if they are teased often. Even worse, they could be killed or fatally injured if the bullying gets extreme. There are many causes for bullying which must be taken care of before bullying can be stopped. T.V. violence, families in poverty, and mis-teachings are just several of the many serious causes for bullying. Bullying must be stopped or prevented no matter how long it will take, it is a deeply concerning matter. Bullying does not always have to be childish play, it can be extremely violent. People may be bruised, injured, or even killed. Kids under bad influence may turn very violent. Parents, relatives, friends, T.V., music and pictures may all influence people, especially when they are depressed or are in a lowered state of mind. Violence on T.V. is a very big influence, particularly the wrestling and fighting shows. Also, T.V. shows are quite readily available for anyone to watch. Kids may try “moves” on people at school because they believe it’s cool. As well, cooperation from childrens’ parents is important, some parents actually encourage their children to fight to look cool or don’t teach them properly. Kids must take their own initiative, as well, they must find out what’s wrong and what’s right for themselves...
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