...1 Community Health (C228) Task 1 Megan Smith Student # 000473853 October 10, 2015 Community Health Task 1 2 Communities are often what shape and instill a sense of belonging for people. One such community is Northridge, which is a neighborhood located in the San Fernando Valley and is part of Los Angeles County. According to available data, there are 52,776 residents in Northridge, and diversity is a key element. A snapshot of Northridge can be seen as 49.5% whites, hispanics/latinos 50.8%, Asians 14.5%, African Americans 5.4% and others 4.6%. Along those lines, 7.6% are nonEnglish speaking and a large percentage of these residents speak languages other than English in the home. Families (married with children) make up 24.1% of households with single parents accounting for 11.8% of the residents (Lacounty.gov). Summary of Tools Population Economic Status Assessment. The median household income for Northridge in 2013 was $81,511, which is relatively high compared to the median income for California which is $61,632 (Northridge Neighborhood). While the median income is high, one source of data states 20% one in five residents of Los Angeles County receive public assistance (L.A. Times. 20% in Los Angeles County Receive Public Aid). While specific data could not be obtained for Northridge, in Los Angeles County (2011 Census) the birthrate was 130,312 and the death rate came in at 57,988, which means Los Angeles County as whole and its ...
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...Community Health Nursing-C228-Task 1 Western Governors University Teresa McDonald SI# 000460708 12/29/15 Identification of Community In Southeast Tennessee, you will find most of Hamilton County between the Appalachian and the Cumberland mountain ranges. It is the fourth most populous county in the state of Tennessee (Wikipedia, ND). Within Hamilton County, there are many different towns. The most populous city is Chattanooga that is also the county seat (Wikipedia, ND). Hamilton County is unique because it boarders ten other counties. According to the 2010, U.S. Census Bureau the population of Hamilton County is 336,463 (Memorial Health Care Systems, 2013) . The leading cause of death for Hamilton County is heart disease, cancer, chronic lower respiratory disease, and diabetes (Memorial Health Care Systems, 2013). According to the 2012 healthy ranking of the county, Hamilton County was higher than the National Benchmark in all of the Health Behavior categories (Memorial Health Care Systems, 2013). The Health Behavior categories include Adult smoking, Adult obesity, Physical inactivity, and Excessive drinking (Memorial Health Care Systems, 2013). According to Picture of Health 2015, 66% of Hamilton County is in the overweight or obese and 75% of the adolescents are not participating in sufficient aerobic activities daily (Chattanooga-Hamilton County Health Department, 2015). Assessment of Needs and Risks Population Economic Status Assessment The population...
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...C228-Community Health Nursing-Task 1 Misty Sherman Western Governors University Identification of Community Brazoria County, Tx is located just south of Harris county, extending from Houston to the Gulf of Mexico. It includes the cities of Pearland, Manvel, Alvin, Angleton, Sweeny, Lake Jackson, and Freeport. Of these, Angleton is the county seat, but Pearland has the greatest population (City-data.com, 2015). As of 2012, Brazoria County contained a population of 77% urban and 23% rural (City-data.com, 2015). Of the residents of Brazoria County, 63% are between the ages of 18 and 64 (United States Census Bureau, 2010). The leading causes of death for the county are heart disease, cancer, motor vehicle accidents, diabetes, and suicide (Texas Department of State Health Services, 2013). According to the 2014 health rankings for the county, Brazoria was above the national benchmark in smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, excessive drinking, alcohol-impaired driving deaths, sexually transmitted diseaseas, and teen births (County Health Rankings & Roadmaps, 2015). The industry overview consists of health care and social assistance, educational services, retail trade, accommodation and food services, manufacturing, professional, scientific, and technical services, and public administration with health care and social assistance being the primary industry (City-data.com, 2015). Adult obesity grew in the county from 27% in 2013 to 29% in 2014 (County Health Rankings &...
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...C228 Community Nursing Task 2 Jane A. Wildeman Western Governors University C228 Community Nursing Task 2 Introduction Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, or MERS-CoV, is still a relatively new virus first diagnosed in Saudi Arabia in 2012. Thorough investigation by international health officials traced the disease to the first-known human case in Jordan in April 2012, and it is believed this first case was transported from camels, possibly by drinking raw camel’s milk. ("About MERS," 2015) Much is still not known about the virus, but it is suspected to be spread by either direct contact or droplet form in human-to-human transport. It is believed the virus originated over forty years ago in bats and was passed to camels, and experts are still unsure how the virus passed from camels to humans. Yet, the virus in humans is identical to the virus in camels, causing concern that it doesn’t require mutation to be transmitted. As a result, WHO recommends pasteurization of camel milk and adequate cooking of camel meat before consumption. It is also recommended that anyone in contact with farm animals or camels in the effected countries use preventive hygiene measures, including good handwashing before and after exposure to animals. ("MERS-CoV," June 2015) Over 1600 cases of MERS-CoV have been reported to the WHO, with almost 600 deaths since September 2012. All cases that have occurred outside the Arabian Peninsula can be directly traced either to recent...
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...Linn County Oregon is located in the center of the Willamette Valley and covers 2,309 miles,19 of which are water (US Cesnus Bureau, 2015). It is the grass seed capitol of the world, and thus has a strong, rural culture. According to the US Census Bureau it has a population of 119, 356 people, and there are two hospitals available to serve this population. Because it is a large area with 37% of its residents living in a rural setting, transportation can be problematic. Unfortunately, over 20% of Linn County’s residents live at or below the poverty level and the large outlying area combined with this number can make access to health care a challenge (CityData.com, 2012). Population Economic Status Linn County Oregon consists of 119,356 people with an average household income of $45, 130 for two people. There is 20.5% of the population living below the poverty level and 19.7% of that total is under the age of 18. There is not a lot of cultural diversity in this area, as 93.4% of the population is White, followed by 8.4% Hispanic, and 1.3% Native American. Of that, 18.9% of the White population is living in poverty, 33.3% of the Hispanics, and 43.3% of the Native American’s also live at or below the poverty level (City-Data.com, 2012). Working in an Emergency Department, I see a large amount of the population that uses public assistance, as there tends to be the thought process that it is okay to use the ED for primary care. Twenty-five percent of the population is receiving...
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...Klamath County Community Health Western Governors University Klamath County has many health needs and is at risk for high mortality and morbidity. Heart disease is the leading cause of death followed by cancer and chronic respiratory disease. (The Healthy Communities Institute, 2013). Smoking, obesity, and poor air quality are all contributing factors to these health risks. Also, as the general population continues to age pre-existing medical conditions, chronic health problems and weakened immune systems increase the areas aging population's susceptibility to influenza and pneumonia. However, only 57.8% of adults over 65 received an influenza vaccine in Klamath County (The Healthy Communities Institute, 2013). And unfortunately access to healthcare remains woefully unsatisfactory in the County. Lastly, and most heartbreaking, is that the child abuse rates in Klamath County are among the highest in the state (The Healthy Communities Institute, 2013), while conducting the County Health Survey these three critical areas of concern have become painfully evident. All three issues should be addressed according to the Health People 2020 goals that have been set forth to improve the health and well-being of all Americans (Healthy People 2020, n.d.). WINDSHIELD SURVEY Klamath County, Oregon, is the Southernmost County in the state, boarded by California to the South, the Fremont National Forest to the East, and by the Deschutes National Forest to the North and West. Klamath...
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...Communicable Disease: MERS Outbreak In September of 2012, beginning in the country of Saudi Arabia, hospitals began seeing increased cases of a respiratory virus never before seen in humans. They named it Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, or MERS. MERS is a viral respiratory illness caused by the coronavirus. It was originally thought to have started there in Saudi Arabia. It was not until later that they were able to trace the origin back to Jordan starting in April of 2012. All outbreaks of MERS have been traced back to originating from the Arabian Peninsula (CDC, 2015a). Unfortunately, it is not known exactly how MERS was contracted in humans, but it is believed to have come from an animal source, probably from camels. Strains of MERS have been identified in camels in Middle East (WHO, 2015). MERS can infect anyone, at any age and it has been found that approximately 3 to 4 out of every 10 people die when contracting this disease (CDC, 2015a). MERS has been confirmed in ten different countries in or around the Arabian Peninsula and in seventeen different countries outside of the peninsula. The countries affected outside of the peninsula are believed to have had cases due to travelers coming from the peninsula (CDC, 2015b). MERS Timeline MERS was first seen in Zarqa, Jordan in April of 2012 in an outbreak at a hospital. It was not recognized at that time as being MERS. They found at least ten people were infected and two of those people died. In June of 2012, a man in Jidda...
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...C228 – Community Health Nursing – Task 2 Renee Todd Western Governors University Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is a severe acute respiratory illness caused by the coronavirus named MERS-CoV. It is believed that the virus is found in camels and passed on to humans who are in contact or around infected animal. These camels are mainly located in Egypt, Oman, Qatar, and Saudi Arabia (WHO, 2015a). Those infected with MERS exhibit fever, cough, and shortness of breath, pneumonia, and diarrhea. Severe cases require patient to be put on mechanical ventilation or in an intensive care unit. It is also known to cause kidney failure and septic shock. The elderly, persons who are immunosuppressed, those who have diabetes, cancer, or chronic lung disease are at an increased risk of contracting MERS. It can be transmitted to anyone who is in close contact with the infected person (WHO, 2015a). MERS has been reported in 26 countries throughout the world. In May of 2015, there was an outbreak in Korea that began with a 68 year old male who had recent travel from the Arabian Peninsula. The time line is as follows (WHO, 2015b) 1st Case: Reported May 24, 2015. (WHO, 2015b) • Patient: 68 year old male • Travel history o April 18-29, 2015: Bahrain o April 29-30, 2015: United Arab Emirates o April 30- May 1, 2015: Bahrain o May 1-2, 2015: the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia o May 2, 2015: Bahrain o May 2-3, 2015: Qatar o May 4, 2015: Flew from Qatar...
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...C228-Community Health Nursing-Task 1 Western Governors University Identification of Community Along the northern-end of Utah’s Wasatch Front is a scenic region of land known as Weber County. This county ranges from the peaks of the Wasatch Mountains into a portion of the Great Salt Lake of the lower valley. The Weber and Ogden rivers and their tributaries run through its valleys (Weber County, 2015). Weber County is the second smallest county in land mass and has the fourth largest population in the state. County population in 2012 was 236,000 (94% urban, 6% rural), comprised of the communities of Ogden, Farr West, Harrisville, Hooper, Huntsville, Marriot-Slaterville, North Ogden, Plain City, Pleasant View, Riverdale, Roy, South Ogden, Uintah, Washington Terrace and West Haven (Weber County, Utah, 2013). Ogden City is the largest of these cities with a population of 82,702 and is the county seat. (Ogden City Corp., 2013). Since 2000, Weber County has experienced a 14.4% population growth, demonstrating the appeal of Weber County. Forbes has ranked Ogden number 20 on its list of “America’s 20 Fastest Growing Cities” two years in a row (Weber e.d.p., 2013). Weber County embraces its diverse cultural and ethnic history. They annually host many cultural festivals such as the Greek Festival, the German HOF Winter Festival, Cinco de Mayo, Juneteenth Festival and the Harvest Moon Festival. In just thirty minutes Weber County residents can leave the exciting city life...
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...C228 Task II Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Susan K. Fendley Western Governors University C228 Task II Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Communicable Disease Outbreak Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus is also known as MERS CoV which stands for Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus. According to the World Health Organization, Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is a viral respiratory illness that is caused by a novel coronavirus (CoV). MERS CoV was first identified in Saudi Arabia. In 2012, the Jordan Ministry of Health began investigating an outbreak of a lower respiratory illness in a Jordanian hospital. In this initial outbreak, there were nine (9) confirmed cases with two (2) fatalities. Globally, since September 2012, the World Health Organization has been notified of 1,365 laboratory-confirmed cases of infection with MERS-CoV, including at least 487 related deaths. (“WHO,” 2015). Since the first case identified in 2012, there have been new cases yearly in Oman, Republic of Korea (2015), United Arab Emirates, Jordan, Saudi Arabia (2012), the Philippines (2014), United Kingdom (2015), Kenya (2016), Kuwait, Qatar, China, Iran, Germany(2014), Turkey and Austria (2014) and two isolated cases in the United States (2014). (“MERS CoV Outbreak,” n.d.). MERS CoV Route of Transmission Based on several studies, the MERS CoV has been traced to Dromedary Camels. One study revealed extremely high titer levels of neutralizing antibodies to MERS CoV in...
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...Task 2, Community Health (C228) Edward Croston Western Governors University Task 2, Community Health (C228) MEASLES Measles was at one time in the not too distant past, a killer of those that became infected. Measles has been around for centuries. The first published, written account of the disease was in the ninth century by a Persian doctor. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website on measles, it was not until 1757 that a Scottish physician, named Francis Home, proved that something infectious in the blood was causing the disease. By the early 1900’s, the United States began requiring every healthcare provider and laboratory to report all identified cases, with approximately 6,000 deaths being related to measles each year. Almost all children contracted the disease by the time they were the age of 15, with an estimated yearly infection rate of three to four million United States citizens. Each year, it is estimated, 400 to 500 people died from measles, 48,000 hospitalized, and 4,000 developing encephalitis as a side effect of the disease. The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine was made available to the public in 1963. The MMR has significantly reduced the reported cases of measles. In the year 2000 measles was declared eradicated in the United States. But since then, the disease has returned from time to time. ("Measles History," 2014, p. 2) Measles is a virus that has an incubation period of approximately 14 days. It is known...
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...C228 Community Health Task 2 Michelle Wall Meningococcal disease is a disease that can be found worldwide. Meningococcal disease refers to any disease or illness that is caused by the type of bacteria called Neisseria meningitides, also called meningococcus (Meningococcal disease, 2015). The first documented outbreak was over two hundred years ago in Geneva in 1805 which circulated rapidly and killed thirty three people. The first case ever recorded in America was in 1806 in Medford, Massachusetts (Fredericks, n.d.). A European physician, Professor A Weichselbaum, discovered the cause of the mysterious cerebro-spinal meningitis illness in 1887 and Penicillin was the first antibiotic used to fight the disease. In 1978 the first vaccine was created and mass vaccinations during that year caused a substantial decline in the number of meningitis outbreaks (Fredericks, n.d.). There are three main types of meningococcal disease serogroups: B, C, and Y. Worldwide there are also A and W-135. USA vaccines cover A, C, W-135, and Y but not B (Coffee, 2015). The incubation period of meningococcal disease ranges from 2 to 10 days. The disease is spread through saliva and respiratory droplets. The most common way people transfer the disease is through kissing, sharing drinks, sharing used silverware, sharing lip balm, and close contact with an infected person who may cough or sneeze within three feet of an individual. Meningococcal meningitis is a fast moving, deadly infection that kills...
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...Disneyland Measles Outbreak Community Health and Population-Focused Nursing C228 Andrea Paige Pounds September 18, 2015 Disneyland Measles Outbreak One of the most popular places to visit in the United States today is Disneyland in California. Thousands of people including children can be found all together at one time in the Disneyland Theme Park having the time of their life with rides, shows, and dining at park restaurants. Disneyland can be a fun-filled dream for many families but can also be a family’s worst nightmare if a visitor happens to have a communicable disease, which is exactly what happened in December 2014. As of January 2015, it was reported that at least two dozen people were infected with Measles between the dates of December 15 and December 20 at Disneyland. Measles is an extremely highly contagious disease. In fact, it is one of the most highly contagious diseases in existence. Among everyone that is without immunity to Measles, it is estimated that 90% of those exposed will become infected, and it is not surprising to find that several people that visit Disneyland are not immune because a child may be too young to be vaccinated, a parent may have chosen not to have their child vaccinated because of certain beliefs, or someone may have an illness that causes them to have a weak immune system. These are known as epidemiological determinants of the disease, the factors that widens the spread of the disease (Haelle, 2015). It is believed that...
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...C228 – Community Health Nursing – Task 1 Student’s Name Western Governors University Identification of Community Nestled in Southern Indiana just west of Louisville, Kentucky and south of Indianapolis, Indiana is Dubois County, Indiana. Dubois County is comprised of the towns of Birdseye, Ferdinand, Holland, Huntingburg and Jasper. Of those towns, Jasper is the largest and is the county seat (Kelly School of Business, 2014). Over fifty-two percent of the population consists of adults ranging from 25-64 years of age (Kelly School of Business, 2014). The leading cause of mortality in this county is heart disease, cancer, suicide and injuries (Memorial Hospital and Health Care Center & Dubois County Health Department, 2011). According to the 2011 health rankings of the county, Dubois County was higher in the benchmark of poor health, adult obesity, adult smoking, excessive drinking, motor vehicle crash death rate and teen birth rate than the national benchmarks (Memorial Hospital and Health Care Center & Dubois County Health Department, 2011). Industry overview consists of manufacturing, transportation/warehousing, health care, and finance/insurance with manufacturing providing the majority of the jobs at an average wage per job of $54,000 in 2010(Memorial Hospital And Health Care Center & Dubois County Health Department, 2011). Obesity in the county grew to 28.9% in 2008 compared to 26.8% in 2006(Memorial Hospital and Health Care Center &...
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