...Care of the Family with Multiple Sclerosis Care of the Family with Multiple Sclerosis The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between the chronic disease Multiple Sclerosis, and the impact on the family. The subject will be explored through family assessment, epidemiology, review of the literature, priority problems, and outcome evaluation. Descriptive Assessment Family Mrs. L.H, is a wonderful neighbor that I have known for eight years now. She is a 48 year-old women who lives with her husband M.H of ten years they have two children a nine year old daughter name S.H, and a seven year old son name M.H. After spending forty-five minutes interviewing Mrs. L.H, I gained some knowledge on how she perceives Multiple Sclerosis and its impact on the quality of her life. Mrs. L.H was diagnosis with Multiple sclerosis at twenty two years of age, and prior to the diagnosis she first experienced some numbness, tingling, and just general weakness throughout her body. Mrs. L.H stated at time’s she would isolate herself from people and rest, but eventually she went to the doctors, and after she underwent several test she was then diagnosis with Multiple Sclerosis. Mrs. L.H felt that at that time in her life she was in a state of shock, and denial once she learned the details of this disease. There were several incidences over the years of refusing to comply with taking her medications that was prescribed, and engaging in recreational drug use. Having Multiple sclerosis...
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...1.1 Introduction Multiple sclerosis is a disease of the central nervous system, harms the brain's ability to send and receive signals. It is considered one of the common diseases of the central nervous system. It affects in most cases the children and people aged between 20-40 years. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. The central nervous system is made up of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. The exact reason(s) for the inflammation that occurs in MS are not yet known, and this remains an active area of research. We do know that the inflammation damages both neurons and the myelin that protects neuronal processes (called axons). The effect of multiple sclerosis (MS) on the individual and...
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...At the age of 21, Jessica was diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis, MS, which is a chronic autoimmune disorder that is caused by the breakdown of myelin in the central nervous system. As a result of the MS, Jessica has had to change and modify many of the occupations, which she participates in, such as personal care and socializing. Not only has the Multiple Sclerosis affected Jessica herself but is has also had an impact on her relation with family and friends. The environment that Jessica lives in had both enable and limited her to adapting to aspects of the illness. The nature and prognosis of the disability: As stated in the introduction, Jessica suffers from Multiple Sclerosis or MS, for short. MS is the body’s own immune system attacking the neurons in the brain and spinal cord (MS Australia, 2005). So far, Doctors have found about four different types of Multiple Sclerosis ; relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis, secondary progressive Multiple Sclerosis, primary progressive Multiple Sclerosis, and relapsing progressive Multiple Sclerosis. Relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis is characterized by unpredictable relapse and new symptoms appearing or the existing ones becoming worse. Secondary Multiple Sclerosis is seen in those who have relapse-remitting Multiple Sclerosis and they develop a progressive disability. With primary Multiple Sclerosis, the symptoms gradually worse over time. Relapsing progressive Multiple Sclerosis is similar to primary progressive except the...
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...VI. How is multiple sclerosis diagnosed?: Multiple sclerosis, similar to ALS, cannot be diagnosed by simply one test. The doctor will need to run multiple tests and thoroughly evaluate their patient to determine a diagnosis. First, a doctor will examine the patient to check for some of the common symptoms of multiple sclerosis. These symptoms include fatigue, dizziness, muscle weakness, muscle stiffness, balance problems, numbness or tingling, vision problems, bladder or bowel problems, cognitive changes, and emotional changes. Most people will develop these symptoms between the ages of 20 and 50 but they can occur at most other ages (National Multiple Sclerosis Society, 2015). If the physician finds any of these symptoms, they will then look...
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...Multiple Sclerosis: A Neurological Enigma Multiple sclerosis is a neurological immune-mediated disease that affects the brain and spinal cord. It is an unpredictable, often disabling disease that disrupts the flow of information within the brain and between the brain and the body. MS affects one in every 500 persons, women twice as frequently as men. It is more common in young adults, and causes a variety of neurological deficits (visual loss, paralysis, sensory loss, ataxia, brainstem signs, psychiatric disorders, and dementia). Many MS cases evolve over a long period (20-30 years) with remissions and exacerbations. Some cases have an acute, even fatal course, and others go into a relentlessly progressive phase after a period of remissions and exacerbations. MS involves an immune mediated process that develops when a previous viral injury to the nervous system has occurred in a genetically susceptible individual. B lymphocytes, plasma cells, and activated T cells, along with pro-inflammatory cytokines, cause inflammation, oligodendrocyte injury, and demyelination. Early inflammation and demyelination lead to irreparable axonal degeneration and scarring (Huether & McCance, 2012). MS not only causes focal inflammatory changes but also causes diffuse injury throughout the central nervous system called MS lesions or plaques. MS lesions can occur anywhere in gray or white matter with localized areas of demyelination, changes in the components of myelin, damage to oligodendrocytes...
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...Multiple Sclerosis (MS): An Autoimmune Disease. You are in your mid twenty but you feel fatigue, numbness of extremities, chronic pain, vision problem, etc almost daily. Then sometime, you feel dizzy, vertigo, loss of balance, involuntary muscle spasms, and difficult to move around. You may feel depress and mood swings in addition to these symptoms. What is wrong with you? You are at the age where as young adults with full energize life ahead, ready to take charge of an independent life and assume a various social roles and economic responsibilities like a new career after college and graduate school, begin an intimate romance relationships, or maybe starting a family of your own (Falvo, 2009). What you are experiences are the common symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), a Central Nervous System (CNS) disease which affects over 400,000 Americans, and every week about 200 people are diagnosed. Worldwide, it affects about 2.5 million people (NewsRx Health and Science, 2012). Its exact cause is unknown, however the common thought is some unknown virus or gene defect is the blame. To really understand Multiple Sclerosis we will need to look at it definition and history, the statistics of number people afflicted with it, what are the social-psychological challenges of the disease. We will also need to look at what kind of research projects and experiments have been done regarding the disease, what kind of help and support that the community have to offer to its patients,...
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...Smith @02659641 Informative Speech Multiple sclerosis (MS) includes an immune-mediated process in which a strange reaction of the body's immune system is steered against the central nervous system. Inside the central nervous system, the immune system assaults myelin, and in addition the nerve strands. The damaged myelin structures scar tissue called sclerosis, hence where the disease receives its name. At the point when any piece of the myelin sheath or nerve fiber is harmed or decimated, nerve driving forces heading out to and from the brain and spinal cord are contorted or interfered with, creating a wide mixture of symptoms. In 1868, Jean-Martin Charcot, an educator at the University of Paris, precisely analyzed a young woman with a tremor of a sort he had never seen previously and inspected her brain and discovered the trademark scars or "plaques" of MS. Multiple sclerosis was formally perceived as an illness in its own particular right in the 1870s by Dr. Walter Moxen in England and Dr. Edward Seguin in New York. A standout amongst the most paramount catalysts in the battle against MS was made when the National Multiple Sclerosis Society was established in 1946 (Roth). While the reason for MS is still unknown, researchers believe that the connection of a few distinctive variables may be included. Approximately more than 400,000 individuals in the United States and around 2.5 million individuals around the world have Multiple Sclerosis. MS is known to happen all the more...
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...biopsychosocial perspective is a comprehensive approach to health and illness that is crucial to improving the quality of life. The purpose of this essay is to describe a practice experience from a biopsychosocial perspective of a patient admitted to a unit for respite care. The patient has a diagnosis of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis and the area being considered is the patient’s immobility. To begin, biopsychosocial will be defined and a brief description of the patient will be given before discussing how this central nervous system condition has affected the patient. The patient’s primary symptoms affecting their mobility will be described, along with a secondary symptom which the patient is vulnerable to developing. Subsequently, the associated tertiary symptoms affecting the patient psychological state and social systems will be discussed before summarising the knowledge gained and how this will alter skills in future practice experiences. To respect and maintain patient confidentiality in line with the Nursing and Midwifery Councils (2008) code, a pseudonym will be used and will be referred to as Mary throughout this essay. Mary is a forty-nine year old female who was diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis twenty-one years ago. In 2006 her mobility deteriorated after a significant relapse and as a result of her symptoms she has been confined to bed since 2010. Additionally Mary has mild speech difficulties, is doubly incontinent and has a history of depression. In...
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...Nightingale Executive Summary Western Governor’s University Nightingale Executive Summary Nightingale Community Hospital is a 180 bed hospital that provides acute care and a range of services to their community. Nightingale has four core values that consist of safety, community, teamwork, and accountability. Communication is a key concept in achieving and defining those values. According to the National Patient Safety Goal Data in regards to communication for Nightingale Community Hospital there is not consistency and goals are not being met for the following: reporting critical results within 60 minutes as evidenced by documentation, verbal orders/read-backs, unacceptable abbreviations, and time out hospital wide. Critical Results Within 60 Minutes Nightingale Hospital has showed variations in compliance with reporting critical results within 60 minutes for the months of January through December. Compliance went from 63% in January to 80% in December. In between this time there have been significant variances. As noted there from the data there was only 56% and 57% compliance for the months of June and July. Reporting of Critical Results with 60 minutes should be at 100% compliance. Verbal Orders/Read-Backs The ED met 100% compliance with verbal order/read-back audits for the fiscal year to date. Ortho is at 62% compliance. The other departments at Nightingale Hospital are ranging from 91% to 99%. For JCAHO standards the departments should be at 100%. ...
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...SPEECH TITLE: Multiple sclerosis: What is it? SPECIFIC PURPOSE: To inform my audience of the possible causes of Multiple sclerosis and how the disease effects the body. THESIS STATEMENT/CENTRAL IDEA: Multiple sclerosis is a disease that affects the body’s central nervous system, which results in a myriad of symptoms. Although its specific cause is unknown, it is thought that a person’s distance to the equator, smoking, viruses, and genetics may be possible triggers for MS. INTRODUCTION: 1. I never got to see my grandma walk. By the time I was born she was basically wheelchair-ridden and had live-in nurses to care for her. I actually called her Boo-Boo because I didn’t understand why she couldn’t walk. My parents told me it was because...
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...EducationalNeed | Multiple Sclerosis: A disease that causes demyelination of the nerves of the Central Nervous System. | Signs and symptoms include: muscle weakness, lack of coordination, parasthesia, speech difficulty, loss of bladder function, and visual disturbances. Symptoms vary according to where the demyelination is located. | Conventional: Medications: Treatment and prevention of relapses:Interferon, beta 1b & 1a, oral methylprednisolone, Imuran, methotrexate, and corticosteroids. Antidepressants are used to treat depression associated with MS and baclofen and benzodiazepines are used to treat spasticity. Other Treatments: Plasmapheresis and psychosocial support.CAM: Medications:Vitamins B12, D3, fish oil, octocosonal, L-carnitine CoQ10, panthethine, and Vitamin C.Other Treatments: * Stress reducing techniques to avoid exacerbation of MS (prayer, massage, yoga, and relaxation techniques). * Manual manipulation (acupuncture and acupressure). * Low fat and low carbohydrate diet. | Educational Needs:Patients will need to be taught about what to expect with their disease process such as how to manage symptoms, how to take preventative measures, and coping techniques for the mind and emotions. They will also need have education about the medications that they will be taking, how to administer it, and any side effects. Organizations: The website www.nationalmssociety.org is an informational website containing information to patients and heath care providers...
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...biopsychosocial perspective is a comprehensive approach to health and illness that is crucial to improving the quality of life. The purpose of this essay is to describe a practice experience from a biopsychosocial perspective of a patient admitted to a unit for respite care. The patient has a diagnosis of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis and the area being considered is the patient’s immobility. To begin, biopsychosocial will be defined and a brief description of the patient will be given before discussing how this central nervous system condition has affected the patient. The patient’s primary symptoms affecting their mobility will be described, along with a secondary symptom which the patient is vulnerable to developing. Subsequently, the associated tertiary symptoms affecting the patient psychological state and social systems will be discussed before summarising the knowledge gained and how this will alter skills in future practice experiences. To respect and maintain patient confidentiality in line with the Nursing and Midwifery Councils 2008 code, a pseudonym will be used and will be referred to as Mary throughout this essay. Mary is a forty-nine year old female who was diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis twenty-one years ago. In 2006 her mobility deteriorated after a significant relapse and as a result of her symptoms she has been confined to bed since 2010. Additionally Mary has mild speech difficulties, is doubly incontinent and has a history of depression. In 1977...
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...can be accomplished. Conversely, all sensation is intact so there remains a constant awareness of the appendages that cannot be controlled and the itch that cannot be scratched. Now imagine not being able to communicate these feelings because the ability to speak has also been affected. This is the life of a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and this late stage symptom is called “locked in”. The patient is conscious and aware of their surroundings, but cannot interact (Drury, May). Edvard Munch’s famous painting The Scream springs to mind at the incomprehensible mental anguish that must be suffered by patients with ALS. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, named for the famous baseball player who was diagnosed with the disease in 1939 (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 2011). ALS is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that attacks and destroys nerve cells and pathways in the brain and spinal cord, insidiously robbing the patient of their ability to move. ALS affects 1 to 3 people per 100,000 and roughly 10 percent of these cases are hereditary (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, 2011). The average age of onset has historically been 55 for both men and women. That number has changed however, as a greater incidence of young, fit, and lean males afflicted with ALS has been reported. This was the case for Gary Temoyan (Drury, 2011). Gary Temoyan was a 37 year old Lower Marion, Pennsylvania motorcycle cop, husband, and...
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...The hardest job I have ever had to do is be a caregiver. The past nine years it has been my responsibility to care for my chronically ill wife and my thirteen-year-old son. Beginning in Two thousand and eight my wife was diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis. Soon, after that in two thousand and ten she was diagnosed with Myelodysplastic syndrome, that resulted in a bone marrow transplant. In October of two thousand and thirteen she was diagnosed with fast spreading breast cancer. She passed away from complications of these illnesses in November of twenty fourteen. Sixteen months later my son was diagnosed with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia also resulting in a bone marrow transplant. Some of the intellectual demands are providing physical care, emotional, spiritual help. The physical care of the patient. The care for a cancer patient is very rigorous and sometimes a very complicated process. Starting with keeping up with getting the patient to and from doctor appointments. These appointments can be weekly, and some may require daily visits. Along with these appointments you have the...
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...Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is often referred to as ALS or “Lou Gehrig’s Disease”. It is a progressive disease where the motor neurons degenerate and die. This causes the brain to not be able to start or control muscle movement. As the disease progresses, the patient becomes paralyzed. ALS is diagnosed through ruling out other diseases. There is no certain test to diagnose it. A patient might go through multiple testing; such as nerve conduction studies, EMG, labs, spinal tap, MRI, and muscle biopsy. A patient will also undergo a neurological exam based on their symptoms. To also be diagnosed, a patient must have symptoms of both the upper and lower motor neuron damage that can not be caused by something else. When a patient first gets ALS, the symptoms may be barely noticeable but as it gets worse then major symptoms show. One of the major symptoms is muscle weakness in either the hands, arms, legs, speaking, swallowing or breathing. There may be twitching or cramping of muscles. As it progresses, there will be shortness of breath. Most die with respiratory failure because the muscles in the diaphragm and chest wall fail. The prognosis for ALS is not good. Half of all people diagnosed live around 3 year after diagnosis. The average life expectancy is 2-5 years. Twenty percent of ALS patients live 5 years, ten percent will live 10 years. There is some evidence that patients are living longer due to medical management. Although there is...
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