...CASE PREPARATION CHART Student Name | Jeremy Liew Wei Wen | Student ID | 1121116242 | Submission date | 16 May 2016 | Case title | Flat cargo berhad: An Auditor’s conundrum | Section | AC01 | ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ASSESSMENT To be filled by facilitator Components | Scores | Scores | | 1 mark | 2 marks | 3 marks | 4 marks | | Completeness of case chart | Case chart is incomplete | Some of the case chart requirements are met satisfactorily. | Most of the case chart requirements are met satisfactorily. | All case chart requirements is met satisfactorily. | | Submission | On-time submission | N/A | N/A | N/A | | TOTAL | | Case analysis STAGE 1 Issues Explain the main issues underlying the case. Place extra attention on the what, why and when. Main issue regarding to the Flat Cargo Berhad is consist of few factor, the main issue face by Flat Cargo Berhad, accounting fraud, found that Flat Cargo Berhad (FCB) was involved in fraud, this matter will bring great impact to the accounting profession of Malaysia and the public confidence towards the profession will collapse similar to the case of Enron that is revealed in the year of 2001 from the pressure which regard to sustain in the industry leader in Malaysia air cargo carrier and maintain reputation of FCB under the international crisis in oil. Opportunities, for the poor internal control, which poor audit committee which affected independence...
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...OVERVIEW OF AUDITING I. Review Questions 1. One definition of auditing is that it is a systematic process by which a competent, independent person objectively obtains and evaluates evidence regarding assertions about economic actions and events to ascertain the degree of correspondence between those assertions and established criteria and communicating the results to interested users. The Philippine Standards on Auditing (PSA) 120 “Framework of Philippine Standards on Auditing” states the objective of an audit as follows: “The objective of an audit of financial statements is to enable the auditor to express an opinion whether the financial statements are prepared in all material respects, in accordance with an identified financial reporting framework.” 2. This apparent paradox arises from the distinction between the function of auditing and the function of accounting. The accounting function is the process of recording, classifying and summarizing economic events to provide relevant information to decision makers. The rules of accounting are the criteria used by the auditor for evaluating the presentation of economic events for financial statements and he or she must therefore have an understanding of generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), as well as generally accepted auditing standards (GAAS). The accountant need not, and frequently does not, understand what auditors do, unless he or she is involved in doing audits, or has been trained as an auditor. ...
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...following study is based on Orange’s corporate communication. Corporate communication is something which involves various types of management functions which are related to organization’s internal and external communications. Based on the organization, corporate communications involves public relations, advertising, technical communications, training and employee development, marketing communications, management communications, philanthropic activity, crisis and emergency communications etc. In Steyn's word, "Strategic management theory differentiates between enterprises, corporate, business-unit, functional and operational strategy. With reference to these strategy levels, corporate communication strategy is conceptualised as a functional strategy, providing focus and direction to the corporate communication function. Corporate communication strategy is seen to be the outcome of a strategic thinking process by senior communicators and top managers taking strategic decisions with regard to the identification and management of, and communication with, strategic stakeholders" (Steyn 2000a). 1.1 Discuss the purpose of corporate communication strategies. In simple words, for any organisation the main and basic purpose of corporate communication strategies is to achieve its corporate objectives. In the case of Orange, the scenario was a bit different with lot of difficulties in 1994 at the time of its launch. Because they were the last entrant in the market at that time and three other...
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...Enron Case Study Frank Bruno Auditing 1:00-2:15 Enron Case 2 Due: 04/28/05 1. Please explain why an accounting and auditing research function (like Andersen's PSG) is important in the operations of a CPA firm. What role does the function play in completing the audit? Due to new regulations, NYSE listed companies are required to have internal audit departments. The purpose and importance of an internal audit team are very obvious. The internal audit team is responsible for determining the scope of the work and having the personnel and budget to complete it. This internal entity is very important ever since such accounting scandals as Enron and WorldCom. They are required to provide management and the audit committee with ongoing assessments of the company's risk management processes and system of internal control. In terms of these groups in association with CPA firms it is also important to have. As seen in the Enron case, the PSG group voiced its nonapproval to the companies formation of a new entity. These groups usually have the companies general goal in mind during the decision making process. In the case of Enron, it did not see any benefit in the creation of a new group. A member of the group cited several reasons including conflict of interests by having the CFO manage the venture equity group. Internal auditing functions play large role in the scope and budget of an audit. 2. Please consult Section 103 of SOX. Do you believe that the Engagement Leader of an Audit...
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...CHAPTER 1 The Role of the Public Accountant in the American Economy Review Questions 1–1 The “crisis of credibility” largely arose from the number of companies that restated their previously issued financial statements as a result of accounting irregularities and fraud. Especially responsible were the very visible Enron and WorldCom fraud cases. Both companies filed for bankruptcy and constituted the largest companies in American history to do so. The extent of the accounting irregularities and fraud being investigated and disclosed brought into question the effectiveness of financial statement audits. In addition, the criminal conviction of Arthur Andersen, LLP, one of the then Big 5 accounting firms, on charges of destroying documents related to the Enron case brought into question the ethical standards of the profession. 1–2 Assurance services are professional services that enhance the quality of information, or its context, for decision making. The two types are: (a) those that increase the reliability of information and (b) those that involve putting information in a form or context that facilitates decision making. 1–3 A financial statement audit is, by far, the most common type of attest engagement. The overall assertion, made by management, most frequently is that the financial statements follow generally accepted accounting principles. 1–4 A large corporation with securities listed on a stock exchange is required by the rules of the stock...
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...CASE 1.10 DHB INDUSTRIES, INC. Synopsis David Brooks founded DHB Industries in the early 1990s. Throughout its existence, the principal operating unit of DHB was its Point Blank subsidiary that manufactured bullet-resistant vests for use by law enforcement and military personnel. Sales of protective vests accounted for more than 95 percent of DHB’s revenues each year. DHB and its free-spirited founder were often in the media spotlight. In 2005, a large number of the company’s protective vests were recalled due to alleged “life-threatening flaws.” A few months earlier, Brooks and his top two subordinates, the company’s COO and CFO, were widely criticized when they realized huge stock market gains after selling the majority of their DHB stock. Brooks, alone, realized a stock market gain of more than $180 million when he sold two-thirds of his total ownership interest in DHB, an interest that he had acquired for a small fraction of that amount. In July 2006, Brooks was ousted as DHB’s CEO by the company’s board. Over the following year, a forensic investigation of DHB’s accounting records revealed that the company’s impressive operating results from 2003 through 2005 had been the product of a massive accounting fraud. Brooks and his two subordinates had routinely and blatantly altered DHB’s accounting records to achieve the earnings targets that he had established for the company. The primary account manipulated...
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...1. The major difference between review and audit are the following: The review does not contemplate obtaining an understanding of internal control structure. The review does not assess control risk, tests of accounting records and responses to inquiries by obtaining corroborating evidence through inspection, observation or any other audit procedure. It can point out significant matters of the financial statements but does not provide assurance of their accuracy. A review service provides a moderate amount of assurance on the financial statements, and less evidence is necessary to support this level of assurance. Whereas audit provides a high level of assurance. 2. The Limitations of Management assertion of existence: First ZZZ Best auditor George Greenspan performed audit for 12 months ended April 30, 1986. According the case: He confirmed the existence of ZZZ Best major insurance contracts by contacting Tom Padgett. He not only confirmed their existence but also obtained and reviewed copies of all key documents regarding those jobs. However, Greenspan did not inspect any of the insurance restorations. As I understood from the case, If auditor satisfied that these jobs exist by different sources (existence according the paper documents) he is not required to conduct personal on-site inspection. Or if physical observation is not relevant or too costly auditors obtain the next best evidence available. This is the one of limitations of management assertion of existence ...
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...Co-operation between Internal and External Auditors: A Comparative Study on Nationalized and Foreign Banks in Bangladesh Rehana Fowzia Effective co-operation between internal and external audit leads to a range of benefits for both parties, and the clients they serve. This study comparatively examines the influence of different factors on co-operation between internal and external auditors of foreign banks with nationalized banks in Bangladesh. Empirical evidence reveals that co-operation promoted through management and the audit committee is the most important factor for assessing co-operation between internal and external auditors in both nationalized banks and foreign banks. The overall comparative analysis shows that the total difference regarding the contribution of diverse factors on assessing the co-operation between internal and external auditors between nationalized banks and foreign banks is insignificant. But the position of nationalized banks is better than foreign banks in Bangladesh. Keywords: Internal auditor, External auditor, Co-operation, Nationalized banks, Foreign banks. Field of Research: Auditing. 1. Introduction Internal auditors are employees of a company hired to assess and evaluate its system of internal control. To maintain independence, they present their reports directly to the board of directors or to top management. They provide functional operation to the concern. Internal auditors are employed by the organization they audit; their familiarity with...
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...Discuss the Need for Outsourcing the Internal Audit Function in A Company Traditional internal audit function is defined as an independent appraisal activity to review internal control activities in companies. Dezoort (2001) implies that with the extension of business activities, the internal audit function has evolved from the traditional supervision to value adding which includes a wider scale of audit-related work so as to maximize the value of a business company. This focus on adding value to the corporation through a variety of internal audit services has raised concerns about the ability of in-house auditors to perform the wider-scale audit function in a more professional and cost-saving manner (Chapman and Anderson, 2002). Due to fierce market competitions and overcapacities, company managements set out to downsize company staff and put the focus on its profit-producing business, tending to outsource (referred to the practice that one accounting firm provides audit-related services for a business organization) internal audit function to engage external specialists to present a highly cost-saving and professional performance. Although some evidence suggests that there are many limitations of outsourced activities, this essay asserts that outsourced internal audit function plays an essential role in the development process of a corporation and there is a need to outsource that function. In consequence, these positive effects on companies will be described principally...
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..._____________________________________________________________________ 1. SYNOPSIS This is a continuation of Audit and Assurance 1. It intends to strengthen and enhance the students’ understanding in auditing. Among the topics that will be discussed are code of ethics, auditors’ liability and in-depth explanations on analytical procedures, computer assisted audit techniques, audit sampling, materiality and audit risk, group audit and current issues facing the auditing profession. This course will justify other activities than financial statement audit that can be performed by a public accountant like performance/operational audit, internal audit and compliance audit. 2. COURSE OBJECTIVES This course intends the student: 1. To comprehend applicable regulations, legal responsibilities and ethical standards and current issues facing the audit profession. 2. To appreciate the concepts of internal control system and the use of computer assisted audit techniques in auditing a computerised environment. 3. To understand and apply audit risk, materiality, and statistical and non statistical audit sampling techniques. 4. To be familiar with related issues in audit completion, group audit, internal audit and related audit services and other services that can be provided by the public accounting firms. 3. LEARNING OUTCOMES Upon completion of the course, students will be able to: 1. Explain the professional conduct and ethics of an auditor,...
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...换一个你的 School of Management, University of Glamorgan Research on Internal Audit Participate in Risk Management-Based on the ERM Framework of COSO By: Weichen Zhu Candidate no: 学号 September 2012 Supervised by: 你导师的名字 The dissertation is submitted as part of the requirement for the award of Masters of Science: 你专业的名字 Declaration This Dissertation has been prepared on the basis of my own work and that where other published and unpublished source materials have been used, these have been acknowledged. Word Count: Student Name: __________________ Signature: ______________________ Date of Submission:______________ Acknowledgement This is my first time to go aboard for studying. During different campus life in the UK, it is wonderful with deep impression. I learned how to use my internal power to make things happen and how to live my own life. All efforts contribute to my growth, but I cannot forget people who encourage and help me. Probably, I am not happy to study in my whole postgraduate time without support. Firstly, I would like to thank my supervisor 你导师的名字. He helps me develop the ideas and complete this dissertation. Especially, when I make a survey in China, I communicate with him through email. Sometimes, I am afraid that my timetable could have bad effects on him. However, he usually gives me feedback as soon as possible. Therefore, I only use 20 days to finish my survey. This kind of strong professional ethic is worth to learn...
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...| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | II. Process Overview (Prepared by Ashish) Objective | To define a standardized process for sample verification of physical/field work by a CA Firm as per invoice submitted by vendor | Scope | Assigning of work/Purchase Order to Vendor | Reference | Making payment to Vendor | Customer | Output | Process | Input | Supplier | * Vendor/Customer * Finance | * Certificate of Adherence/Non-Adherence by Internal Auditor * Certificate of adherence/non-adherence to Quality issued by Quality Assurance Engineer * Defined Quality Installation/Mechanism Vendor needs to follow * Hefty penalties on vendor against non-compliance * Instill competition amongst Vendor community beneficial for SPANCO & Essel Utilities on a PAN India basis as orders will be issued to the best | * Identifying and assigning work to vendor as per specifications and terms and conditions mentioned in the PO-including clause mentioning a 3rd party audit (Internal Auditor responsible for material supplied & services provided) * Within 7 days of completion of work vendor must submit invoice with soft copies for back-up and other documents required from time to time which has to be certified by user department * On submission of invoice by user dept. to...
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...Auditing 1:00-2:15 Enron Case 2 Due: 04/28/05 1. Please explain why an accounting and auditing research function (like Andersen's PSG) is important in the operations of a CPA firm. What role does the function play in completing the audit? Due to new regulations, NYSE listed companies are required to have internal audit departments. The purpose and importance of an internal audit team are very obvious. The internal audit team is responsible for determining the scope of the work and having the personnel and budget to complete it. This internal entity is very important ever since such accounting scandals as Enron and WorldCom. They are required to provide management and the audit committee with ongoing assessments of the company's risk management processes and system of internal control. In terms of these groups in association with CPA firms it is also important to have. As seen in the Enron case, the PSG group voiced its nonapproval to the companies formation of a new entity. These groups usually have the companies general goal in mind during the decision making process. In the case of Enron, it did not see any benefit in the creation of a new group. A member of the group cited several reasons including conflict of interests by having the CFO manage the venture equity group. Internal auditing functions play large role in the scope and budget of an audit. 2. Please consult Section 103 of SOX. Do you believe that the Engagement Leader of an Audit (like David...
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...REAL ISSUES & CASES MICHAEL C. KNAPP SEVENTH EDITION MAKE IT YOURS! SELECT JUST THE CASES YOU NEED Through Cengage Learning’s Make It Yours, you can — simply, quickly, and affordably — create a quality auditing text that is tailored to your course. • Pick your coverage and only pay for the cases you use. • Add cases from a prior edition of Knapp’s Contemporary Auditing. • Add your course materials and assignments. • Pick your own unique cover design. We recognize that not every program covers the same cases and topics in your auditing course. Chris Knapp wrote his case book for people to use either as a core e book or as a supplement to an existing book. If you would like to use a custom auditing case book or supplement the South-Western accounting book you are currently using, simply check the cases you want to include, indicate if there are other course materials you would like to add, and click submit. A Cengage Learning representative will contact you to review and confirm your order. G E T S T A R T E D Visit www.custom.cengage.com/makeityours/knapp7e to make your selections and provide details on anything else you would like to include. Prefer to use pen and paper? No problem. Fill out questions 1-4 and fax this form to 1.800.270.3310. A Custom Solutions editor will contact you within 2-3 business days to discuss the options you have selected. 1. Which of the following cases would you like to include? Section 1: Comprehensive...
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...downfall into bankruptcy. The failure of Author Andersen and Enron is still a puzzling, outside America. Auditing and accounting principles in the United States of America are considered strong and sophisticated. Transparency and disclosure are really emphasized in American companies, and because of this the downfall of Andersen and Enron still raises questions. This has since become a case of reference in review of issues concerning financial reporting and auditing. It has also been used to explain about regulations on auditing and accounting inside and outside America. This case has brought about huge implications on corporate governance to other countries. Enron Corporation declared its bankruptcy in the year 2001. Afterwards, Anderson’s downfall occurred in 2002. It has been a big question, outside America, on what brought about this failure. The General Accepted Accounts Principles, in the US, are very well developed. These principles require clear disclosures of financial statements that are audited. They also require an established federal agency and a commission to monitor financial reporting. Cases have been written, from the failures of Enron and Andersen, for the exploration of accounting, auditing and financial reporting issues in the US. The head of auditing of Enron Corporation was fired during the company’s downfall for destroying important documents, upon realizing that the company’s accounting methods were being investigated by the commission of Securities and Exchange...
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