...Exam in Corporate Strategy and Organization Design, Exam number: 300872 Question 1 During Roger Paffard’s time as chief executive, Thorntons’ vertical scope on the entire organization was in general to improve efficiency and to cut down costs. These two focus areas was mainly to be promoted through a structural change of the board of directors, a caretaking process with regards to franchised shops and outlets due to the believe that it was essential to maintain an experience of fresh products, and this was best achieved if Thornton chose and controlled their franchisers with care. Moreover the delivery fleet served the company’s outlets through a 48 hour order delivery cycle. Thornton had taken into review whether it was better to outsource physical distribution but due to considerations that included the fragility of some of the product ranges, difficulties of access to city centers and night delivery and shop security the physical distribution network was kept retained. The general network expansion of outlets through closure of 126 shops and opening of 216 which took the total number of shops from 269 to 359 helped this decision, because this was also a factor to reduced distribution costs. According to the statistics Roger Paffard succeeded in this, during his time as chief executive the number of own shops has increased and the number of franchisees has declined in addition both the profit after tax and the operating profit has been increased in his time as chief executive ...
Words: 2421 - Pages: 10
............................................................................................ 5 Common project between Marc and Hershey ................................................................................... 6 “Big4”, consequentialism and utilitarianism....................................................................................... 6 Moral and human rights infractions ....................................................................................................... 7 Recommendations for cocoa and chocolate industry ............................................................................ 9 Challenges remaining for the cocoa and chocolate industry................................................................ 11 References ............................................................................................................................................ 13 Summary This report will illustrate the benefits of the largest chocolate manufacturers “big4”, and discuss the ethical concepts:...
Words: 3968 - Pages: 16
...Syndrome is “a rare neurological disorder characterized by complete paralysis of voluntary muscles in all parts of the body except for those that control eye movement…Individuals with locked-in syndrome are conscious and can think and reason, but are unable to speak or move…Communication may be possible with blinking eye movements.” Nicklinson’s only way of communicating was through a system that allowed him to write messages on a computer screen by blinking his eyes (Burns). His message was clear—“I want permission to die.” Before his case went to trial, Tony wrote an essay to the courts expressing his astonishment that a 21st century British court would deny him the right to take his own life just because he was handicapped (Burns). His case was emotionally charged and highly profiled; nevertheless, the British courts rejected his request to die. Lord Justice Sir Roger Toulson, the judge writing for the three-panel court that heard Nicklinson’s case said a decision in his favor would constitute “a major change in the law” (Burns). Nicklinson died six days after the court’s decision. Currently, euthanasia, or its more politically correct term, assisted suicide, is only legal in Europe in Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands...
Words: 1179 - Pages: 5
...Association January 30, 2009 Seattle Telephone: 206 292 6340 Sacramento Telephone: 916 492 7062 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY…………………………………………………………… ……..1 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………4 BACKGROUND ……………………………………………………………………4 METHODOLOGY ……….…………………………………………………………4 REPORT FORMAT …………………………………………………………………4 GENERAL MARKET ENVIRONMENT…………………………………………………… 5 MARKET FOR CONFECTIONERY IN THE MIDDLE EAST……………………………….7 CONSUMPTION TRENDS…………………………..………..……………………. .8 COMPETITION ..……………………………..…………………………...……………..13 MULTINATIONAL PRODUCERS…………………………………………………...14 LOCAL PRODUCERS……………………………………………………………...14 CONFECTIONERY IMPORTS….…………………………………………………...16 DISTRIBUTION……………………………………………………………………… …18 RETAIL……..……….......…………………………………………….……….…19 CONVENIENCE STORES …....……………………………………………. ……...22 HOTEL, RESTAURANT AND CAFETERIA …..……….……………………………23 COLD STORAGE….. ....…………………………………………………….. ……24 MARKET ACCESS ..………………………………………………………….…………..24 LABELING …..…………………………………………………………………..26 CONCLUSIONS……………………………..………………………….……………. ….27 APPENDICES RETAIL PRICES FOR LEADING CONFECTIONERY BRANDS U.S. AND COMPETITOR CONFECTIONERY EXPORTS TO THE MIDDLE EAST CONTACTS Middle East Confectionery Market:: Opportunities for U.S. Confectionery Exports January 30, 2009, Page 1 of 28 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY There is growing attention among global confectionery manufacturers on the Middle East market and for good reason. For a number of years, confectionery sales in the region have experienced double digit...
Words: 17902 - Pages: 72
...Lindt & SprüngLi AnnUAL REPORT 2011 For the past 165 years, premium chocolate manufacturer Lindt & Sprüngli has been committed to render top quality. With six production sites in Europe and two in the USA, 18 subsidiaries as well as numerous independent distribution partners, LINDT products are in the meantime available nearly all around the globe. To ensure an impressive presentation of the LINDT product variety and to grant our loyal chocolate lovers an extraordinary shopping experience, increased investments have been made in the past years for the expansion of the LINDT retail department. For this reason, we will take you in this annual report on a journey, starting in New York, with stopovers in Zurich, Tokyo, Sydney and San Francisco where we will show you some impressions of selected worldwide LINDT Boutiques, Shops and Chocolate Cafés. We look forward to welcoming you during your next trip in one of our stores. K e y F i n a n c i a l data A n n uA L r e p o rt 2011 InCOME STATEMEnT 2011 2010 Change in % Sales EBITDA in % of sales EBIT in % of sales net income in % of sales Operating cash flow in % of sales CHF million CHF million % CHF million % CHF million % CHF million % 2,488.6 421.9 17.0 328.7 13.2 246.5 9.9 345.4 13.9 2,579.3 423.3 16.4 325.3 12.6 241.9 9.4 363.7 14.1 – 3.5 – 0.3 1.0 1.9 – 5.0 BALAnCE SHEET 2011 2010 Change in % Total assets Current assets in % of total assets non-current assets in % of total...
Words: 42264 - Pages: 170
...January 30, 2009 Seattle Telephone: 206 292 6340 Sacramento Telephone: 916 492 7062 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY…………………………………………………………… ……..1 INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………4 BACKGROUND ……………………………………………………………………4 METHODOLOGY ……….…………………………………………………………4 REPORT FORMAT …………………………………………………………………4 GENERAL MARKET ENVIRONMENT…………………………………………………… 5 MARKET FOR CONFECTIONERY IN THE MIDDLE EAST……………………………….7 CONSUMPTION TRENDS…………………………..………..……………………. .8 COMPETITION ..……………………………..…………………………...……………..13 MULTINATIONAL PRODUCERS…………………………………………………...14 LOCAL PRODUCERS……………………………………………………………...14 CONFECTIONERY IMPORTS….…………………………………………………...16 DISTRIBUTION……………………………………………………………………… …18 RETAIL……..……….......…………………………………………….……….…19 CONVENIENCE STORES …....……………………………………………. ……...22 HOTEL, RESTAURANT AND CAFETERIA …..……….……………………………23 COLD STORAGE….. ....…………………………………………………….. ……24 MARKET ACCESS ..………………………………………………………….…………..24 LABELING …..…………………………………………………………………..26 CONCLUSIONS……………………………..………………………….……………. ….27 APPENDICES RETAIL PRICES FOR LEADING CONFECTIONERY BRANDS U.S. AND COMPETITOR CONFECTIONERY EXPORTS TO THE MIDDLE EAST CONTACTS Middle East Confectionery Market:: Opportunities for U.S. Confectionery Exports January 30, 2009, Page 1 of 28 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY There is growing attention among global confectionery manufacturers on the Middle East market and for good reason. For a number of years, confectionery sales in the region have experienced double...
Words: 17957 - Pages: 72
...confectionery company owned by Mondelēz International Inc. and is the industry's second-largest globally after Mars, Incorporated.[3] With its headquarters in Uxbridge, London, England, the company operates in more than 50 countries worldwide. The company was known as Cadbury Schweppes plc from 1969–2008 until its demerger, in which its global confectionery business was separated from its US beverage unit (now called "Dr Pepper Snapple Group").[4] It was also a constant constituent of the FTSE 100 from the index's 1984 inception until its 2010 Kraft Foods takeover.[5][6] History 1824–1900: Early history In 1824, John Cadbury began selling tea, coffee, and drinking chocolate, which he produced himself, at Bull Street in Birmingham, England. He later moved into the production of a variety of cocoa and drinking chocolates, made in a factory in Bridge Street and sold mainly to the wealthy because of the high cost of production. John Cadbury became a partner with his brother Benjamin and the company...
Words: 11438 - Pages: 46
...INDUSTRY PROFILE Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) goods are all consumable items (other than groceries/pulses) that one needs to buy at regular intervals. These are items which are used daily, and so have a quick rate of consumption, and a high return. FMCG can broadly be categorized into three segments which are: 1. Household items as soaps, detergents, household accessories, etc, 2. Personal care items as shampoos, toothpaste, shaving products, etc and finally 3. Food and Beverages as snacks, processed foods, tea, coffee, edible oils, soft drinks etc. Global leaders in the FMCG segment are Nestlé, ITC, Hindustan Unilever Limited, Reckitt Benckiser, Unilever, Procter & Gamble, Cadbury India Coca-Cola, Carlsberg, Kleenex, General Mills, Pepsi, Gillette, Nirma etc. Strengths: 1. Low operational costs 2. Presence of established distribution networks in both urban and rural areas 3. Presence of well-known brands in FMCG sector Opportunities: 1. Untapped rural market 2. Rising income levels, i.e. increase in purchasing power of consumers 3. Large domestic market- a population of over one billion 4. Export potential 5. High consumer goods spending Weaknesses: 1. Lowers cope of investing in technology and achieving economies of scale, especially in small sectors 2. Low exports levels 3."Me-too" products, which illegally mimic the labels of the established brands. These products narrow the scope of FMCG products in rural and semi-urban market. Threats: 1. Removal...
Words: 3571 - Pages: 15
...MKTA - 011 Amul –Evolution of Marketing Strategy “If Amul has become a successful brand – if, in the trade lingo, it enjoys brand equity – then it is because we have honored our contract with consumers for close to fifty years. If we had failed to do so, then Amul would have been consigned to the dustbin of history, along with thousands of other brands. For close to fifty years now, Amul has honored its contract with the consumer. The contract that is symbolized by the Amul brand means quality. It means value for money. It means availability. And it means service.” Varghese Kurien, Chairman GCMMF1 Introduction C op y Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF), the largest food company in India, recorded a turnover of Rs 2882 crore ($ 0.65 bn) in 2003-04. Its flagship brand ‘Amul’ was the market leader in butter, whole milk, cheese, ice cream and dairy whitener. GCMMF was the largest cooperative movement in India with 2.2 million milk producers of Gujarat organized in 10,552 cooperative societies. GCMMF collected 5 million litres of milk per day from its shareholders who owned 3.2 million buffaloes, one million cows and 0.3 million crossbred cows. The Federation’s extensive marketing network comprised 3000 distributors and 500,000 retailers spread across the country. ot Background Note D o N Amul’s genesis was linked to the freedom movement in India. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, an eminent Indian freedom fighter encouraged...
Words: 7464 - Pages: 30
...ARTICLE IN PRESS Sleep Medicine Reviews (2008) 12, 153–162 www.elsevier.com/locate/smrv CLINICAL REVIEW Caffeine: Sleep and daytime sleepiness Timothy Roehrsa,b,Ã, Thomas Rotha,b a Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Henry Ford Hospital, 2799 W Grand Blvd, CFP-3, Detroit, MI 48202, USA b Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA KEYWORDS Caffeine; Daytime sleepiness; Sleep disturbance; Caffeine dependence Summary Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed psychoactive substances and it has profound effects on sleep and wake function. Laboratory studies have documented its sleep-disruptive effects. It clearly enhances alertness and performance in studies with explicit sleep deprivation, restriction, or circadian sleep schedule reversals. But, under conditions of habitual sleep the evidence indicates that caffeine, rather then enhancing performance, is merely restoring performance degraded by sleepiness. The sleepiness and degraded function may be due to basal sleep insufficiency, circadian sleep schedule reversals, rebound sleepiness, and/or a withdrawal syndrome after the acute, over-night, caffeine discontinuation typical of most studies. Studies have shown that caffeine dependence develops at relatively low daily doses and after short periods of regular daily use. Large sample and population-based studies indicate that regular daily dietary caffeine intake is associated with disturbed...
Words: 7248 - Pages: 29
...MKTA - 011 Amul –Evolution of Marketing Strategy “If Amul has become a successful brand – if, in the trade lingo, it enjoys brand equity – then it is because we have honored our contract with consumers for close to fifty years. If we had failed to do so, then Amul would have been consigned to the dustbin of history, along with thousands of other brands. For close to fifty years now, Amul has honored its contract with the consumer. The contract that is symbolized by the Amul brand means quality. It means value for money. It means availability. And it means service.” Varghese Kurien, Chairman GCMMF1 Introduction C op y Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF), the largest food company in India, recorded a turnover of Rs 2882 crore ($ 0.65 bn) in 2003-04. Its flagship brand ‘Amul’ was the market leader in butter, whole milk, cheese, ice cream and dairy whitener. GCMMF was the largest cooperative movement in India with 2.2 million milk producers of Gujarat organized in 10,552 cooperative societies. GCMMF collected 5 million litres of milk per day from its shareholders who owned 3.2 million buffaloes, one million cows and 0.3 million crossbred cows. The Federation’s extensive marketing network comprised 3000 distributors and 500,000 retailers spread across the country. ot Background Note D o N Amul’s genesis was linked to the freedom movement in India. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, an eminent Indian freedom fighter encouraged...
Words: 7464 - Pages: 30
...CASE 21 PepsiCo’s Diversification Strategy in 2014 John E. Gamble Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi P epsiCo was the world’s largest snack and beverage company, with 2013 net revenues of approximately $66.4 billion. The company’s portfolio of businesses in 2014 included Frito-Lay salty snacks, Quaker Chewy granola bars, Pepsi soft-drink products, Tropicana orange juice, Lipton Brisk tea, Gatorade, Propel, SoBe, Quaker Oatmeal, Cap’n Crunch, Aquafina, Rice-A-Roni, Aunt Jemima pancake mix, and many other regularly consumed products. The company viewed the lineup as highly complementary since most of its products could be consumed together. For example, Tropicana orange juice might be consumed during breakfast with Quaker Oatmeal, and Doritos and a Mountain Dew might be part of someone’s lunch. In 2014, PepsiCo’s business lineup included 22 $1 billion global brands. The company’s top managers were focused on sustaining the impressive performance through strategies keyed to product innovation, close relationships with distribution allies, international expansion, and strategic acquisitions. Newly introduced products such as Mountain Dew KickStart, Tostitos Cantina tortilla chips, Quaker Real Medleys, Starbucks Refreshers, and Gatorade Energy Chews accounted for 15 to 20 percent of all new growth in recent years. New product innovations that addressed consumer health and wellness concerns were important contributors to the company’s growth, with...
Words: 6103 - Pages: 25
...Thompson−Strickland: Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases, 13th Edition 23. PepsiCo’s Acquisition of Quaker Oats Case © The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2002 1 case 23 PepsiCo’s Acquisition of Quaker Oats John E. Gamble University of South Alabama In 2001, PepsiCo was the world’s fifth-largest food and beverage company, with such brands as Lay’s, Tostitos, Mountain Dew, Pepsi, Doritos, Aquafina, and Lipton contributing to revenues of approximately $26 billion. PepsiCo’s revenues had reached $31 billion in 1996, but a new corporate strategy embarked upon in 1997 slimmed the company’s portfolio from a collection of fast-food restaurants, snack foods, and beverages to a sharply focused lineup of convenience foods and beverages. Between 1997 and 1999, CEO Roger Enrico spun off Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC), Taco Bell, and Pizza Hut as one independent, publicly traded company; created a stand-alone softdrink bottling business through an initial public offering; and entered additional snack and beverage categories with the acquisitions of Cracker Jack and Tropicana. Enrico’s focus on convenience foods and beverages placed PepsiCo in food and beverage categories that grew at twice the 2 percent industry growth rate and gave it a 2-to-1 market share lead over its nearest competitor in the convenience food and beverage industry. Roger Enrico and Quaker Oats Company’s CEO, Robert Morrison, jointly announced on December 4, 2000, that PepsiCo would acquire Quaker Oats...
Words: 15973 - Pages: 64
...KRAFT’S BUDGETING AND STRATEGY A case study Presented to CASE STUDY IN PRODUCTION AND OPERATION MANAGEMENT BUDGETING AND STRATEGY A KRAFT FOOD INTRODUCTION The company has its origin as National Dairy Products Corporation (National Dairy), formed on December 10, 1923, by Thomas H. McInnerney. The firm was initially set up to execute on a rollup strategy in the then fragmented United States ice cream industry. Through acquisitions it expanded into a full range of dairy products. By 1930 it was the largest dairy company in the United States and the world, exceeding Borden. McInnerney operated the Hydrox Corporation, an ice cream company located in Chicago, Illinois. In 1923 he went to Wall Street to convince investment bankers there to finance his scheme for consolidating the United States ice cream industry. He initially found "hard sledding" with one banker saying the dairy industry "lacked dignity." He persevered and convinced a consortium including Goldman Sachs and Lehman Brothers to finance a rollup strategy. As a result of his efforts, National Dairy Products Corporation was formed in 1923 in a merger of McInnerney's Hydrox with Rieck McJunkin Dairy Co of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The resulting firm was then listed on the New York Stock Exchange with the offer of 125,000 shares having been The firm grew quickly through a large number of acquisitions. As it is typical...
Words: 5817 - Pages: 24
...(point a to b) and output effect (point b to c) on these diagrams. Explain why your firm uses less capital even when the price of labour increases. (September 2010) For the production function q = K2 + L2 (A) Demonstrate that the elasticity of substitution is negative. (B) Provide a labelled diagram showing the q = 100 isoquant (C) Briefly explain what a negative value means for σ 3. 4. A special production function is q = min( 80K, 4L1 + 2L2). Discuss the production process described by this function. Is this production function constant returns to scale? Five-year-old Jack has set up a hot chocolate stand outside his home. His customers like hot chocolate made in only one way, one unit of chocolate and 3 units of milk to go into each unit of hot chocolate. Jack’s mother, Naomi, provides him with heat, cups and cleaning free of charge. However, she charges him $0.25 for each unit of chocolate and $0.50 for each unit of milk. What are the returns to scale for his production function? (September 2008) Please answer both of the following questions. Provide clearly written, concise answers (maximum 100 words each). Provide diagrams as appropriate. (a) How are the ideas of diminishing marginal productivity and returns to scale related? Can a firm that has diminishing marginal products for all inputs still exhibit increasing...
Words: 50660 - Pages: 203