...The importance of Personal Hygiene and Field Sanitation Staying Clean and conducting personal hygiene is a vital role in a Soldiers life. Soldiers may spend weeks in an environment where proper facailities are not established and it is vital that one stay clean to prevent illness because military units are unable to carry out their missions when the soldiers are weakened by disease. In all US conflicts three times as many soldiers have been lost to illnesses/diseases rather than battle wounds. The most common injuries that soldiers may face are heat, cold injuries and communicable diseases. Personal Hygeine and cleanliness are an extremley important role in a soldiers life and it is important to know when one is getting sick and how to prevent it. Heat injury is one of the most common among soldiers who have lived in a temperate climate their entire life. When they go to another country to fight a war, most people arnt'e used to the dramatic changes in temperature and are unaware of the signs of heat injury. Hydration is key to staying in the battle when in extreme heat. Being thirsty is already an early sign of dehydration and should be avoided. Three meals a day should be standard to help replace the lost electrolytes and salts in the body. An example of extreme heat during a battle would be during the 1967 Arab Israeli battle where almost 20,000 egyptian soldiers died. It is crucial that a soldier pay attention to the signs of heat exhaustion, heat stroke and heat...
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...heat-related illness on children in enclosed vehicles, including the causes and outcomes of these situations, the impact on the families, and preventative measures. Concept Analysis: Heat-related illness What is the concept of Heat related illness on children in enclosed vehicles and the impact on the family? In todays’ families both parents have to work in order to pay the bills. As a result, both parents have to split the responsibilities of getting the kids from one place to another. The results are we all get involved in our routines that when you change that routine something always gets forgotten. Unfortunately the add responsibility of drop our child off at daycare sometime gets forgotten. And our days go on as normal. Until the dreaded question comes up “Can you pick up the children from daycare?” And your world gets turned upside down and inside out and will never be the same. As you remember you forgot to drop your child off at daycare. You run franticly to your vehicle to find out you are too late and you have lost your child to a heat related illness called heatstroke. And as a result our children are the ones who suffer due to this. The concept of heat-related illness will be presented in this paper. According to Grubenhoff, du Ford, and Roosevelt (2007), heat-related illness occurs when there is a thermoregulatory disturbance in the body. Environmental heat exposure and increased metabolism cause an increased core temperature or...
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...Safety Smarts ‘SPECIAL EDITION’ HEAT SAFETY REMINDER Heat Related Injuries Are YOUR Responsibility The past few summers have shown that the risk of heat illness from high temperatures is one of the most serious challenges to the safety and health of employees across America. With the current heat wave it is important that management understand that we support the Zero-Incident-Mindset by protecting our workers from heat related injuries. To date this year, we have had a few incidents as a result of heat illness. HEAT ILLNESS CAN BE DEADLY. Every year, thousands of workers become sick from exposure to heat, and some even die. These illnesses and deaths are preventable. Workers exposed to hot and humid conditions are at risk of heat illness, especially those doing heavy work tasks or using bulky protective clothing and equipment. Some workers might be at greater risk than others if they have not built up a tolerance to hot conditions. What is heat illness? The body normally cools itself by sweating. During hot weather, especially with high humidity, sweating isn't enough. Body temperature can rise to dangerous levels if precautions are not taken. Heat illnesses range from heat rash and heat cramps to heat exhaustion and heat stroke. Heat stroke requires immediate medical attention and can result in death. How can heat illness be prevented? Remember three simple words: Water, Rest, and Cool. Employers should educate their workers on how drinking water often, taking breaks...
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...as to their cause, effects on the body, and treatments. When thinking about these two diseases, one probably knows they are of the neurological type, but don’t understand how the two are different. Both of these disorders happen for completely different reasons. While both diseases can have effects on the body and treatments that seem similar, most are specific to the individual disease. It takes a combination of different types of therapies to combat the toll these diseases take on the body. The treatments can only help with the symptoms however, because both of these diseases have no cure. These two disorders do have some similar attributes, but are more different than alike. The causes for both Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) originate in the brain, but for different reasons. . Primary PD is attributed to a decrease in dopamine production in the part of the brain called the substantia nigra. The substantia nigra is part of a system of interconnecting nerve centers, called the basal ganglia, and a router called the thalamus. They are located in the core of the brain and brainstem that controls the coordination of the movement of muscles. The basal ganglia take in and process information, and the motor cortex sends the commands out for movement (Parkinson's Disease and NPH, 2013). When there is lack of dopamine, the brain cannot send it out to areas of the body it needs to, which is what causes the effects of the disease. The cause of MS however, is...
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...material, myelin, which insulates nerves. The damage is caused by the immune system treating the myelin as a disease. The results of the attack of the immune system cause cognitive loss throughout the body. The history of Multiple Sclerosis begins with Jean Cruveilhier, professor of pathology at the University of Paris, who is credited for the first documentation and description of MS in 1830. In the 1880’s, Dr. Freud treated his nanny for Multiple Sclerosis and is credited for the first treatments of MS. Prior to the use of the MRI in 1981 diagnosis was difficult, the most common method used to test for Multiple Sclerosis was by dunking the patient in a hot tub of water to try and bring about the symptoms of MS. (Kalb, R. (1996). Multiple Sclerosis page 43) There are many theories as to the onset of Multiple Sclerosis. As stated by Ronald Schapira, M.D. in his book Symptom Management in Multiples Sclerosis page 11,” Until the cause of MS is determined, it is unlikely that a cure will be found”. Some believe that it is a viral infection. If it is a viral infection then why would only some people exposed to the virus contract MS and not others. Environmental factors, including air, water, food born toxins, temperature, sun-light exposure and nutritional deficiencies. Scientists are sure of one aspect of MS, and that it is an autoimmune disease. To understand this form of a disease we must take a closer look at the immune system. The immune system is responsible for destroying...
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...leading to demyelination. It may cause numerous physical and mental symptoms, and often progresses to physical and cognitive disability. Disease onset usually occurs in young adults, is more common in women, and has a prevalence that ranges between 2 and 150 per 100,000 depending on the country or specific population. Multiple sclerosis affects the areas of the brain and spinal cord known as the white matter. White matter cells carry signals between the grey matter areas, where the processing is done, and the rest of the body. More specifically, Multiple sclerosis destroys oligodendrocytes which are the cells responsible for creating and maintaining a fatty layer, known as the myelin sheath, which helps the neurons carry electrical signals. MS results in a thinning or complete loss of myelin and, less frequently, the cutting (transection) of the neuron's extensions or axons. When the myelin is lost, the neurons can no longer effectively conduct their electrical signals. The name multiple sclerosis refers to the scars (scleroses - better known as plaques or lesions) in the white matter. Loss of myelin in these lesions causes some of the symptoms, which vary widely depending upon which signals are interrupted. However, more advanced forms of imaging are now showing that much of the damage happens outside these regions. Almost any neurological symptom can accompany the disease. What are the causes of Multiple sclerosis? Although the ultimate cause of multiple sclerosis is unknown...
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...and/or organs. The attack starts with inflammation against myelin and the cells that make the myelin. Myelin is the insulation that surrounds axons and speeds up nerve impulses. There are multiple symptoms that characterize MS. Double vision, fatigue, numbness and weakness are common traits. Pain in various extremities is common. The actual cause of MS is unknown. There is no cure. There are medications used to help treat the symptoms of MS, such as corticosteriods and interferons. It is diagnosed after an MRI of two different parts of the CNS show lesions that occurred at two separate times. The doctor must rule out any other possible explanation before diagnosing the patient. MS is very stressful for the patient and family. Planning ahead is the best option for families to help them cope with the disease. There are approximately one in seven-hundred and fifty people that have the diagnosis at any given time. MS is more common in temperate areas and unusual in tropical areas. It is extremely rare in Africans. MS is known as a disease of the white matter because the lesions generally appear in the white matter. The location of the lesions dictates the type of deficits that will occur. Scientists believe there are many causes that haven’t been discovered yet. One hypothesis is environmental factors or events such as a virus, bacteria, chemical or lack of sun exposure acts with the genetic predisposition...
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...One of the most common nutritional deficiencies worldwide is iron deficiency anemia (IDA) (Killip, Bennett, & Chambers, 2007). The most common cause of IDA in women is menorrhagia (Copstead & Banasik, 2013, p. 275). In Case Study 1, Ms. A. self-reports menorrhagia for 10 – 12 years (Grand Canyon University [GCU], 2013). As a 26-year-old white female Ms. A. is most likely is suffering from IDA. This paper will define IDA, and describe the causes and associated symptoms. It will then compare Ms. A.’s symptoms and laboratory results to IDA and explain the rationale for this conclusion. What is iron Deficiency Anemia? Anemia is the result of too few red blood cells (RBC’s) or RBC’s that don’t perform well (American Society of Hematology, 2016). RBC’s contain a protein called hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is responsible for carrying oxygen to the tissues. Iron is required for the body to make hemoglobin. If the body does not have enough iron, it cannot make hemoglobin, and the tissues of the body will not receive enough oxygen. As the name implies, IDA is a deficiency in the amount of iron, resulting in anemia....
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...Sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis is a disease that affects the Central Nervous System. There are multiple ways to treat the symptoms of MS but none more important than diet. Paying close attention to one’s diet plays a major role in improving living with MS. When I was diagnosed with MS making changes to my diet made noticeable improvements in daily functions. Multiple Sclerosis(MS) is a disease that attacks the Central Nervous System(brain and spinal cord). The cause of MS is unknown but it is believed that environmental factors along with being genetically predisposed may trigger the disease. MS impedes signals to and from the brain which affects many bodily functions. MS is known as a immune- mediated disease, meaning that it is part of a group of diseases that don't have a “trigger” but go through inflammatory passages and lead to inflammation. More specifically MS causes the immune system to attack the myelin sheath around the nerves and the nerves themselves. The bodies T- cells, white blood cell that plays a central role in searching out and destroying objects marked as harmful to the body, carry out the destruction of the myelin sheath. Myelin is a protective fatty coating around the nerves in the Central Nervous System. Once the myelin sheath or nerve is damaged the disrupted signals lead to symptoms. There are various symptoms for MS which include any of the following: Fatigue, numbness/ tingling, weakness, vertigo, sexual dysfunction, pain, emotional instability...
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...Case Study Ms. J. O. is an 82 year old female with a variety of comorbidities including Alzheimer’s type dementia. She is a resident of a dementia unit of a local assisted living facility. She was brought in to the hospital for a fall from which she stated she had hit her head but never lost consciousness. On arrival to hospital she was noticed to be very confused with complaint of back pain, chest pain but alert. After a short period of time her GCS abruptly dropped to 3 requiring intubation. CT scan of her head showed no bleeds, strokes or abnormality. All lab values were within normal limits and her blood pressure was mildly hypotensive 93/55. Past medical history 1. Ms. J.O. has had numerous falls recently requiring multiple emergency room visits. Each visit also showed evaluation of altered mental status over her normal state of being. On one fall she suffered a pelvic fracture, sacral fracture and L2-3 fracture. Another fall she suffered a nasal bone fracture. She was treated for pain control for each visit and then returned to assisted living facility. Per family she has been at her facility for about a week before this fall. 2. 3. Type 2 diabetes 4. Ulcerative colitis 5. Anxiety/Depression 6. Hypothyroidism 7. Osteoarthritis 8. GERD 9. Alzheimer’s type dementia 10. Stroke 11. Peripheral neuropathy 12. Chronic back pain from falls 13. Hypertension 14. Knee surgery 15. Cataract surgery 16....
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...As an intern at Peak Physical Therapy, I shadow all of the PT’s, however, being a Psychological Sciences major with a concentration in neuroscience, I can’t help but interest myself in the patients that Courtney works with that are diagnosed with Multiple Sclerosis. For those of you who do not know about MS, it is a neurodegenerative disorder that destroys the myelin (fatty tissue) around the nerves, which then causes motor impairments, numbness in the limbs/extremities, Lhermitte’s symptom (an electric shock-like sensation down the spine and into the limbs) as well as other cognitive deficits. As this month’s theme is wellness, I decided to touch on how nutrition plays a role in MS patients as there is a serious lack of information and research...
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...1989 Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, & Reinforcement Act (FIRREA)–authorized taxpayer funds to cover cost of liquidating failed thrifts, abolished current thrift regulatory structure, moved thrift insurance to FDIC, required insurance fund= 1.25% of insured deposits ABCT–there is no market mechanism that causes inflation or business cycles, the inflation of prices is an effect not a cause of economic disruption ABCT & unsustainable boom–the fed MS to interest and employment (I), not been a change in time preferences, the in interest sends the wrong signal & investment projects start to compete with consumption for resources, may not be noticed (slack resources get used), eventually C & I will have to bid up resource costs, inflation dampens I, so Fed further MS, effects are only temporary Actual inflation-exceeds inflation expectations, real ex post returns on bonds can be negative AD can shift – AD, shift right. AD, shift left. Whenever C, I, G, net x / due to changes in the money supply AD curve holding constant moving down –quantity of money AD for output–derived from the demand for money or from the real balance effect AD slopes downward–when the price level is lowered our money balances grow in real terms leading us to buy more Addressing the business cycle–stop inflating money, don’t bail out troubled firms, don’t inflate to get out of the depression, don’t encourage more consumption Adjusting for risk premiums, i still differs–by...
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... Multiple sclerosis, also known as MS, is a disease of the central nervous system that occurs when the myelin surrounding the axon that is responsible for communication between the brain and the body. The disease is idiopathic, meaning there is not a known cause. There are variables that seem to suggest an increased likelihood of a person having MS. Also because of the idiopathic nature of MS, diagnosis and therefor treatment is also a challenge. There is a large push to fund research into the cause of MS so that there can be a better understanding for development of diagnosing and treatment methods. II. INTRODUCE SYSTEM AND DISEASE Multiple sclerosis is a chronic and degenerative disease. Chronic means that the symptoms last...
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...Multiple Sclerosis MS “is one of the most common disabling neurological conditions affecting young adults” (MacLean, 2010). Since MS is a neurological disease it slowly attacks the body’s immune system. This disease over time effects a person everyday functioning such walking and seeing properly. People who have MS experience problems in all aspects of the 5 domains. However, with proper treatment these domains can be restructured in a person’s life. For example, when helping someone with MS a Recreational Therapist can implement daily walking exercises to help strengthen a client’s muscles. As a result, their everyday living can be less painful and difficult. Multiple Sclerosis is a diagnoses that has no cure. Many researcher refer to MS...
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...Multiple Sclerosis Cancer or not MS is still a very serious subject and 2.3 million people are diagnosed with MS worldwide. According to the National MS Society, “MS is an unpredictable, often disabling disease of the central nervous system that disrupts the flow of information within the brain, and between the brain and body.” MS is a very serious disease affecting the immune system. MS can make people disabled in many ways, for example MS can affect your sight, speech, walking and cognitive ability. First of all, what’s MS? MS is an autoimmune disease that triggers your muscles, cognitive ability, the way you talk, your bladder, brain, nervous system, and sight. MS is caused by damage to the myelin. Myelin is nerve fibers in the central nervous system. The nerve fibers interfere with the nerve signals between the brain, spinal cord, and other parts of the body. There are four different kinds of MS, CIS, RRMS, PPMS, and SPMS. CIS stand for Clinically Isolated Syndrome. CIS is an episode of neurological symptoms that lasts about 24 hours, CIS is caused by inflammation or demyelination. Demyelination is loss of myelin (nerve fibers) that covers nerve cells. RRMS stands for Relapsing-Remitting MS. RRMS is attacks of new or increasing neurological symptoms, these attacks can be called relapses. All attacks have partial or complete recovery, with symptoms disappearing or some staying. PPMS...
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