...The importance of Personal Hygiene and Field Sanitation Staying Clean and conducting personal hygiene is a vital role in a Soldiers life. Soldiers may spend weeks in an environment where proper facailities are not established and it is vital that one stay clean to prevent illness because military units are unable to carry out their missions when the soldiers are weakened by disease. In all US conflicts three times as many soldiers have been lost to illnesses/diseases rather than battle wounds. The most common injuries that soldiers may face are heat, cold injuries and communicable diseases. Personal Hygeine and cleanliness are an extremley important role in a soldiers life and it is important to know when one is getting sick and how to prevent it. Heat injury is one of the most common among soldiers who have lived in a temperate climate their entire life. When they go to another country to fight a war, most people arnt'e used to the dramatic changes in temperature and are unaware of the signs of heat injury. Hydration is key to staying in the battle when in extreme heat. Being thirsty is already an early sign of dehydration and should be avoided. Three meals a day should be standard to help replace the lost electrolytes and salts in the body. An example of extreme heat during a battle would be during the 1967 Arab Israeli battle where almost 20,000 egyptian soldiers died. It is crucial that a soldier pay attention to the signs of heat exhaustion, heat stroke and heat...
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...Experimental Research to Analyze Cause and Effect Relationships Table of Content List of Abbreviations................................................ Fehler! Textmarke nicht definiert. List of Figures and Tables .................................................................................................. i 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 2 Causality ....................................................................................................................... 2 2.1 2.2 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.1 4.2 Cause and Effect ................................................................................................. 2 Internal and External Validity ............................................................................ 3 Experimental design ........................................................................................... 5 Randomization.................................................................................................... 5 Classification of Experimental Designs ............................................................. 6 Time, Cost, Administration, and Ethical Regulation ......................................... 7 Case Study: The Effect of Payment Transparency on Consumption ................. 8 3 Experimental Research ................................................................................................. 5 4 Limitations.........
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...heat-related illness on children in enclosed vehicles, including the causes and outcomes of these situations, the impact on the families, and preventative measures. Concept Analysis: Heat-related illness What is the concept of Heat related illness on children in enclosed vehicles and the impact on the family? In todays’ families both parents have to work in order to pay the bills. As a result, both parents have to split the responsibilities of getting the kids from one place to another. The results are we all get involved in our routines that when you change that routine something always gets forgotten. Unfortunately the add responsibility of drop our child off at daycare sometime gets forgotten. And our days go on as normal. Until the dreaded question comes up “Can you pick up the children from daycare?” And your world gets turned upside down and inside out and will never be the same. As you remember you forgot to drop your child off at daycare. You run franticly to your vehicle to find out you are too late and you have lost your child to a heat related illness called heatstroke. And as a result our children are the ones who suffer due to this. The concept of heat-related illness will be presented in this paper. According to Grubenhoff, du Ford, and Roosevelt (2007), heat-related illness occurs when there is a thermoregulatory disturbance in the body. Environmental heat exposure and increased metabolism cause an increased core temperature or...
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...Safety Smarts ‘SPECIAL EDITION’ HEAT SAFETY REMINDER Heat Related Injuries Are YOUR Responsibility The past few summers have shown that the risk of heat illness from high temperatures is one of the most serious challenges to the safety and health of employees across America. With the current heat wave it is important that management understand that we support the Zero-Incident-Mindset by protecting our workers from heat related injuries. To date this year, we have had a few incidents as a result of heat illness. HEAT ILLNESS CAN BE DEADLY. Every year, thousands of workers become sick from exposure to heat, and some even die. These illnesses and deaths are preventable. Workers exposed to hot and humid conditions are at risk of heat illness, especially those doing heavy work tasks or using bulky protective clothing and equipment. Some workers might be at greater risk than others if they have not built up a tolerance to hot conditions. What is heat illness? The body normally cools itself by sweating. During hot weather, especially with high humidity, sweating isn't enough. Body temperature can rise to dangerous levels if precautions are not taken. Heat illnesses range from heat rash and heat cramps to heat exhaustion and heat stroke. Heat stroke requires immediate medical attention and can result in death. How can heat illness be prevented? Remember three simple words: Water, Rest, and Cool. Employers should educate their workers on how drinking water often, taking breaks...
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...Cause and Effect Analysis Identifying the Likely Causes of Problems (Also known as Cause and Effect Diagrams, Fishbone Diagrams, Ishikawa Diagrams, Herringbone Diagrams, and Fishikawa Diagrams.) Find all possible problems. © iStockphoto/ragsac When you have a serious problem, it's important to explore all of the things that could cause it, before you start to think about a solution. That way you can solve the problem completely, first time round, rather than just addressing part of it and having the problem run on and on. Cause and Effect Analysis gives you a useful way of doing this. This diagram-based technique, which combines Brainstorming with a type of Mind Map, pushes you to consider all possible causes of a problem, rather than just the ones that are most obvious. We'll look at Cause and Effect Analysis in this article. About the Tool Cause and Effect Analysis was devised by professor Kaoru Ishikawa, a pioneer of quality management, in the 1960s. The technique was then published in his 1990 book, "Introduction to Quality Control." The diagrams that you create with Cause and Effect Analysis are known as Ishikawa Diagrams or Fishbone Diagrams (because a completed diagram can look like the skeleton of a fish). Cause and Effect Analysis was originally developed as a quality control tool, but you can use the technique just as well in other ways. For instance, you can use it to: * Discover the root cause of a problem. * Uncover bottlenecks in your processes...
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...This is true because of three reasons: firstly, Hume takes on a completely skeptical approach to the matter, not allowing any space for discussion. He, in basic terms, states that the relationship between cause and effect does not exist. On the other hand, Kant is more flexible, stating that, in some way, Hume is right, but in many ways, he is not. Second is the fact that, in his argument, Hume uses his understanding of empiricism and solely that to form a conclusion, while Kant uses traces of both empiricism and rationalism to explain his theory. Lastly, it is clear that Hume limits the mind. He gives no importance to the tool that is responsible for the progress of humanity, by solely talking about the importance of experience and the senses. Kant, again, is not biased, and uses both experience and reason as a basis to his argument, thus giving both these elements strength. These are three of the reasons why Immanuel Kant´s ideas on the relationship between cause and effect are more acceptable than that on David Hume. Kant is less skeptical, has a broader range and variety of arguments, and does not limit his understanding to one aspect of...
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...used for problem solving. These tools were either developed in Japan or introduced to Japan by the Quality Gurus such as Deming and Juran. In terms of importance, these are the most useful. Kaoru Ishikawa has stated that these 7 tools can be used to solve 95 percent of all problems. These tools have been the foundation of Japan's astomishing industrial resurgence after the second world war. The following are the 7 QC Tools : 1. Pareto Diagram 2. Cause & Effect Diagram 3. Histogram 4. Control Charts 5. Scatter Diagrams 6. Graphs 7. Check Sheets 2 Pareto Diagram Pareto Diagram is a tool that arranges items in the order of the magnitude of their contribution, thereby identifying a few items exerting maximum influence. This tool is used in SPC and quality improvement for prioritising projects for improvement, prioritising setting up of corrective action teams to solve problems, identifying products on which most complaints are received, identifying the nature of complaints occurring most often, identifying most frequent causes for rejections or for other similar purposes. The origin of the tool lies in the observation by an Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto that a large portion of wealth was in the hands of a few people. He observed that such distribution pattern was common in most fields. Pareto principle also known as the 80/20 rule is used in the field of materials management for ABC analysis. 20% of the items purchased by a company account for 80% of the value. These...
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...Moving a Teenager to a New Town Moving a teenager to a new town can have many negative effects on him or her. First off the teen will have to cope with the change of losing Close relationships and struggle obtaining new ones. Also the teen has to endure the stress the rest of the family is having from moving. An finally, as a teen grows through puberty emotions run high. Causing stress and depression to collide with the pains of moving; which will have major effects on school and everyday life. Moving a teenager to a new city will force them to break a lot of close relationships. One relationship a teen might lose is with friends. Good friends are hard to come by, most friends are long time relationships built at a young age. So trust and loyalty are established over time. But then lost with the distance from moving. Other relationships a teen might lose is with teachers and neighbors. Teachers could be a trusted source to a teen. Teachers come to a relationship with advice and guidance for the teen. Neighbors are also a trusted source for a teen. With stepping in when parents aren’t around to do a job and a close relationship with proximity to the teens home. With teens losing these close relationships by moving; it will have a huge negative effect on guidance and feeling a lone. Moving troubles of the family can cause stress on the parents, which can trickle down to the teen. Some of the most common reasons for a family moving is: the parents getting a divorce and the...
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...January 2005 Re-examining the cause-and-effect principle of the Balanced Scorecard* Per Nikolaj Bukh, pnb@pnbukh.com, Aarhus School of Business Teemu Malmi, teemu.malmi@uts.edu.au, University of Technology, Sydney & Helsinki School of Economics Abstract There seems to be a wide variety of methods in how organizations apply the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) concept in practice and how it is interpreted in the literature. Consequently, it is not quite clear what the core features of BSC, or its variants, are and if all its variants are equally effective in producing expected outcomes. Moreover, the usefulness of BSC as a practical theory has been questioned by referring to some of its assumptions, especially the cause-and-effect relationship (Norreklit, 2000, 2003). In this paper we re-examine the cause-and-effect principle, which can be seen as one of the corner-stones of the BSC. Further, we outline alternative ways to apply cause-and-effect in practice, both analytically and organizationally. To facilitate research on BSC, we discuss some of the contingencies that may limit or support the usefulness of the causeand-effect concept. These include strategy, organization, environment and communication related issues. Key Words: Balanced scorecard, cause-and-effect, non-financial measurement, performance management, strategy, strategy map. * We wish to thank the editors, Sten Jönsson and Jan Mouritsen, for their guidance in the process of writing the paper. Further, we thank...
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...Lape Mogaji Professor Susan Tripathy Sociology of Health and Healthcare DUE DATE: October 1st, 2015 “Social Relations and Health: A Flashpoint for Public Policy (Blackboard) From the moment of birth, babies yearn for love, affection and attention. Parents take care of their children up until college and even -in some generous cases- after graduation. Creating a strong and healthy relationship between caregivers and receivers, positively affects their health and their overall self esteem. Debra Emberson and Jennifer Karas Montez evaluated the pros and cons to social relationships and how it affects the standard of living for individuals. The authors included evidence shows that involvement in social relationships benefits health. Some studies they conducted comes from prospective studies of mortality across industrialized nations. House, Landis and Emberson conducted a social experiment and found that these studies consistently show that individuals with the lowest level of involvement in social relationships are more likely to die than those with greater involvement). For example, Berkman and Syme showed that the risk of death among men and women with the fewest social ties was more than twice as high as the risk for adults with the most social ties. Social ties has also been proven to reduce mortality rates among adults with medical conditions. For instance, several recent review articles provide consistent and compelling evidence linking a low quantity or quality...
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...In Hume’s “Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding,” Hume presents the “problem of induction.” This problem revolves around the causal relationships and their impossibility. He states that causes and effects are independent events, thus we cannot use past experiences to infer future events. His solution to this problem is that we see cause and effect relationships merely because humans are creatures of habit. While Hume proves an interesting point, the assumption that we are creatures of habit, makes our understanding of the world confusing. “Habit” is not a satisfactory answer because it leaves doors open to our understanding of how the world works. The problem of induction stems from the conflict between a priori reasoning and matters...
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...in the stock market. Based on the history, the economic condition will influence stock market. For instances, Malaysia faced deflation during the Asian crisis in years 1997. It caused the KLCI index sharply reduced from 1207.43 to 470.43. It have been shown that the investors need to predict the stock prices based on the macro factors to get an abnormal return from stock market There were a lot of researches to study the relationship between macroeconomics variables and stock returns. It is important to study the interaction of macroeconomics factor and stock return. Based on the study, the public can identify which factors can influence the stock market and use the knowledge to predict movement of stock price. According to Wongbangpo & Sharma (2002), the research can reveal the functions of stock market in identify the change in economic condition and also can predict the future performance of stock market. Besides, the study will be useful for the stock market participators. Clare & Priestley (1998) said that the study of the risk factor relationship of stock market will be useful for corporate manager to undertake cost of capital calculation. Moreover, the fund managers can use the information from the result of study to make an effective investment decision and at the same times the investors can access the performance fund managers (Clare & Priestley,...
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...girls. Adolescence years is a crucial time as it is a intermediary phase between childhood and adulthood and when a teenager faces relationship problem at this stage it serves long term effects on him or her. It is true when it is said that most of our development happens during this period both physically and emotionally.If relationship setback is grave, it can even affect teen’s future to quite an extend. A teen relationship contains many elements such as trust, honesty,communication, respect and time management and all play an essential role. If all these elements are balanced or managed effectively by the teenager it leads to healthy relationship. However, when abused or improperly addressed, those same relationship elements can lead to numerous problems. Infatuation or love? Some teens are not able to gauge their feelings well. They might mistakenly takeinfatuation for love. This is the stage when teenagers are most confused about their feelings. They are unable to decide and fail to make right decisions. When they enter into the relationship they might cut off from family and other friends.In a healthy relationship teen maintains his separate identity. Breaking up is no fun for teens. It is can be one of the most emotional events in their life. The disappointment can be almost overbearing for them. Breaks up can be pretty hard as it effects and changes your teen’s daily routine, puts a dent in their social life. Give your teen time and space as it is normal for him/her...
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...illustrates the main causes and subcauses leading to an effect (symptom). It is a team brainstorming tool used to identify potential root causes (G) to problems. Because of its function it may be referred to as a causeand-effect diagram. In a typical Fishbone diagram, the effect is usually a problem needs to be resolved, and is placed at the "fish head". The causes of the effect are then laid out along the "bones", and classified into different types along the branches. Further causes can be laid out alongside further side branches. So the general structure of a fishbone diagram is presented below. Figure 1: Fishbone Diagram - Structure KEYWORDS Cause-and-Effect Diagram, Ishikawa diagram, Fishbone diagram, Root Cause Analysis. OBJECTIVES The main goal of the Fishbone diagram is to illustrate in a graphical way the relationship between a given outcome and all the factors that influence this outcome. The main objectives of this tool are: 1 Determining the root causes(G) of a problem. Focusing on a specific issue without resorting to complaints and irrelevant discussion. Identifying areas where there is a lack of data. FIELD OF APPLICATION The Fishbone diagram could be applied when it is wanted to: Focus attention on one specific issue or problem. Focus the team on the causes(G), not the symptoms. Organize and display graphically the various theories about what the root causes(G) of a problem may be. Show the relationship of various factors...
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...identify the cause and-effect relationship, verified by the teacher. Assessment: Formative assessments, such as worksheets that will serve as a quiz, will be used in order to modify teaching and learning activities to improve student attainment, which will also involve listening to students’ responses after reading the selected stories. Materials Required: Cause and Effect Worksheets, Pen, Scratch Papers (For Group Brainstorming), & Whiteboard Marker Advanced Preparation by Teacher: Prepare printed copies of the story and worksheets to distribute to the students. Prepare the needed materials for discussing and performing the lesson. And make sure to have read and prepared questions for students’ learning. Procedure: Introduction/Motivation: 1. As a teacher, you should’ve read the story beforehand. Review vocabulary words seen in the story to avoid misunderstanding from students about deep words. Step-by-Step Plan after Introduction/Motivation: 2. Split the class into two (2) and give each group a printed copy of the story ‘Wisdom Story #149’ by Paul Brian Campbell. Let them read and brainstorm about what happened in the story by listing it down in the provided scratch paper for 20 minutes. 3. After reading and brainstorming, discuss the cause-and-effect relationship to the whole class. SAY: An effect is what happens in a story. A cause is the reason why something happens. As you read, ask yourself: What happened? This is the effect. Then ask:...
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