...Juvenile Court System Felicia Simmons CJS/200 10/13/2012 Monty H, Mathis M.Ed Juvenile Court The juvenile court system takes into different consideration when it comes to juveniles. They look at the age of the juvenile as well as the nature of the offense or crime that has been committed. Although the nature of the offense or crime will not ensure that the juvenile will be charged as an adult. In the juvenile court system when a minor commits a crime they are referred to as delinquent not criminals. Juveniles are not arrest they taken into custody and also in court a juvenile case can have adjustment made so that the minor may be sent home or placed in a detention facility, or a child care shelter. At this point the juvenile will be a findings hearing or adjudication hearing. If the juvenile is sentenced they can be sentenced from a range of different things such as commitment to a youth center, treatment, training schools. Before the juvenile is released they might be moved to a residential childcare facility or an aftercare facility. Adult Court System In the adult court system age isn’t a big factor at all, but the courts do look at pass offense as well as any other background or criminal history. Adults are refereed as criminal and they may chose to plead guilty, not guilty or no contest to any charges that they may be facing. An adult offender that is in the due process stage will either be sent to jail or they get a reduction in the charges that they have...
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...BABY AND THE BATHWATER: THE PERILS OF HOLDING JUVENILES IN CONTEMPT RICHARD SEITZ UNIVERSITY OF BALTIMORE SCHOOL OF LAW FALL 2008 You can learn many things from children. How much patience you have, for instance. - Franklin P. Jones THE CASE OF A.S. In December of 2007, A.S., a 17 year old female, was subpoenaed to testify as a state’s witness in a case against a man accused of assaulting another woman. When she failed to respond to the subpoena and did not appear at trial[1], St. Mary’s Circuit Court Judge C. Clarke Raley issued an order for her arrest. She was picked up by patrol officers on New Year’s Eve, and appeared before a different judge, who subsequently released her on her own recognizance. On January 9, 2008, Judge Raley issued another order, this time finding her in direct criminal contempt for her previous failure to appear as a witness, and summarily sentenced her to 30 days in the St. Mary’s County Detention Facility, the county’s general population prison for adult criminal offenders. A.S. was jailed in the detention center among the adult population; public defenders appealed to the judge on her behalf, claiming that her imprisonment was in violation of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act[2]. Judge Raley was not compelled by the argument, stating that she A.S. “was not best served by guidance, treatment or rehabilitation [in a juvenile facility], but by a brief exposure to the St. Mary’s County Detention...
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...THE JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM CHAPTER ONE Chapter Outline Origins of the Juvenile Justice System Juvenile Court Jurisdiction Defining Delinquency Defining a Juvenile Chapter Objectives After completing this chapter, you should be able to: 1. Describe the jurisdiction of the juvenile court. 2. Explain what is meant by delinquency. 3. Explain what is meant by status offenses. 4. Compare the ways in which the various states define a juvenile. 5. Identify and define the unique terms used in the juvenile justice system. 6. Outline the three major steps in the juvenile justice process. 7. Describe the five decision points in the juvenile justice process. The Language of Juvenile Justice Overview of the Juvenile Justice System Law Enforcement and Other Referral Sources Juvenile Court Disposition Comparison of Juvenile and Criminal Justice Systems 8. Compare and contrast the juvenile and criminal justice systems. 3 4 PART ONE Juvenile Justice and Delinquency in the United States Origins of the Juvenile Justice System Before the establishment of the juvenile justice system, courts and judges treated juveniles as adults and, in many instances, juvenile offenders received the same punishment as adults. There was only one system of justice in the United States, and all offenders were processed through it without regard to age. Under common law doctrine, the legal system the American colonists brought from England, a juvenile age seven or older could receive the same...
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...Chapter I The Problem and Its Scope Rationale Juvenile Crime or Juvenile Delinquency is one of the most serious problems our country is facing these days. Although crime rates differ from region to region in the Philippines, juvenile delinquency remains a very broad issue which affects day to day living in our society. It is disturbing to see a 14yr old boy runs across a busy highway with hi-speed trucks and play “patintero” on them just to get away with a newly snatched bag. And multitude of researches found many factors pushing kids to do crimes such like this. With recent disturbances like war and natural disaster struck Zamboanga City, it is just timely to assess similar situation especially on a depressed placed like Barangay Sta. Catalina which was directly affected by the 2013 Zamboanga Siege. According to Villanueva (2006), juvenile delinquency refers to an anti-social act or a child/minor/youth’s behavior which deviates from the normal pattern of rules and regulations, custom and culture which the society does not accept. Bocar (2012) mentioned that the prevention of juvenile delinquency is an essential part of crime prevention in society. Guevara and Bautista (2008) quoted that, “an ounce of prevention is better than a pound of cure”, this clearly manifests the importance of misbehavior deterrence among the youth. Theoretical Framework Numerous theories tried to explain many factors causing juvenile crimes or juvenile delinquency. One of which is Robert...
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...LEYTE COLLEGES TACLOBAN CITY AN ASSESSMENT OF A PROPOSED CURFEW ORDINANCE FOR JUVENILE DELINQUENTS IN TACLOBAN CITY : SOME PROPOSALS A Research Proposal Presented To The Faculty Of The College Of Criminology,Leyte Colleges,Tacloban City In Partial Fulfillment Of The Requirements In Crim 6 (Criminal Research And Statistics) For The Degree Of Bachelor Of Science In Criminology SUBMITTED TO SHEILA F.BASILIO Instructor SUBMITTED BY JOSE JOEY V. IGANA IV MARILOU AGNES V. VENIGAS OCTOBER ,2012 APPENDIX A SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE Direction: Respondents are advise to answer all questions honestly and sincerely. Only one answer is needed for every question. Put a check mark on the line for your chosen answer. 1. Demographic Profile 2.1 Age ____ 20 – 30 years old ____ 31 – 40 years old ____ 41 years old and above 2.2 Sex ____ Male ____ Female 2.3 Civil Status ____ Single ____ Married ____ Widow ____Separated ____ Divorce 2.4 Highest Educational Attainment ____ High School Graduate ____ College Level ____ with Masteral on Doctoral Degree 2. How effective will the implementation of curfew hours in Tacloban City? ____ Very Effective ____ Effective ____ Moderately Effective ____ Less Effective ____ Uneffective 3. What are the roles of the Barangay Officials in the implementation of curfew hours in Tacloban...
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...Juvenile test two chapter 3 & 4 9) What role does the family play in juvenile delinquency? Poor family structure and lack of communication plays negatives role in juvenile delinquency. 11) What role does the social environment play in juvenile delinquency? Children live what they learn and apart from the family, social groups are the second most influential group a juvenile has around him/her. The path they chose will likely determine their values in life. 13) What role does education play in juvenile delinquency? Poor physical environment, negative atmosphere and a poor curriculum adds to juvenile delinquency. 14) What role does behavior and lifestyle play in juvenile delinquency? Juveniles who exhibit stubbornness, minor aggression, and chose to lie rather than tell the truth, and whose parent not living a healthy lifestyle will more than likely end up as a delinquent. 15) How does lifestyle affect opportunity and outcomes for juvenile? A juvenile who adopts a criminal lifestyle will eventually end up with a criminal record that will limit his ability to become successful in life. 1) What are the major difference between the classical and the positives school of criminological thoughts? Classical school believe that juveniles choose to commit a delinquent act while positive school believe that poverty and poor education cause a juvenile to commit delinquent acts. 2) According to the choice theory, why do juveniles commit delinquent acts? They commit crime because they...
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...Due to the rise in juvenile crime rate in the 1990s, many communities in different states have been able to pass more strict rules for future parents and their responsibility for their child. Statistics from the NCJJ (National Center for Juvenile Justice), 34 different state in the United States had set laws that made the parents liable to the crime victim, from their own children under the age of 18. Even now, with 39 state setting laws to make the parents of delinquent children interact with different treatment programs, counseling programs, or even a probation from their own child. Many lawmakers and legislature have made curfews in a number of different cities around the United States, to hopefully reduce the numbers of violence and crime that have been committed by a minor. These curfews have been around for minors since around the late 19th century to reduce the number of crimes committed by immigrant children. Different cities in different states, when the time is needed for control over juveniles the cities will pass curfew as a public regulation. Thanks to the rising rate in the 1980s and 1990s of juvenile violence and crimes, in the United States alone had over 1,000 jurisdictions have been...
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...History of Juvenile Justice System Roger King University of Mount Olive Juvenile Justice Systems and Processes CJC 310 Timothy Malfitano February 7, 2015 Abstract This paper will discuss the history of the juvenile justice system. I started this paper by looking at the history of the juvenile justice system, which showed how laws and legal measures involving juvenile offenders have an extensive history. There were no isolated courts or laws, and no services for juveniles, up till the 19th century, children who committed serious offenses were punished and restrained in prison the same way as adults. The changes in legislation rose the age at which individuals officially became adults. This change helped many juveniles escape the cruel treatment in the adult prisons. These changes were based on new understanding of the relationship between physical, mental maturity and acknowledgment. The American juvenile justice system has evolved over the past century with variation that embellished from the adult criminal justice process. The first juvenile's court was acknowledged in 1899, in Chicago, Illinois, and by1945, all states had juvenile courts. The juvenile crime rates particularly homicide rose during the 1980s and 1990s. Therefor the system faces a vast of questions about whether young offenders should be tried and sentenced in a different way than adult offenders (Lawrence & Hemmens, 2008, Chapter 1). The juvenile courts wanted to turn young felons into...
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...2015 Richard Samante Prof. Martinez 2015 Richard Samante Prof. Martinez Juvenile Delinquency in Manila Juvenile Delinquency in Manila CR-21 CR-21 CHAPTER I Introduction A. Background of the study Delinquents is from the legislatic point of view the minors committing criminal act are not called criminals but delinquents. The persons under eighteen who commit violations of law are called delinquents. The penal codes of almost all the civilized nations make special provisions for the treatment of delinquents in law courts. There is a consensus among criminologists that delinquents should be reformed rather than punished. Earlier, it was mentioned that, throughout most of the world, juvenile offending has been recognized for hundreds of years. It would be logical to wonder exactly how juvenile offenders in historical times were handled. For one thing, as indicated earlier, there were, however, juvenile institutions and other procedures for handling juveniles that were created in America during the 19th (Roseheim et al. 2002). Historical accounts of the development of the juvenile justice system throughout the world indicate that before separate institutions and proceedings for juveniles were established in the 19th, juveniles were often treated as if they were small adults. Even children of royal families in England, for example, were exposed to adult situations, such as sexual activity among adults, and were thought to be ready for adult roles in society if they...
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...IN THE SUPREME COURT OF UNZA CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 16 of 2012 HOLDEN AT THE MAIN CAMPUS AT LUSAKA IN THE MATTER BETWEEN: KABWE NDUNDU APPELLANT AND THE PEOPLE RESPONDENT ------------------------------------------------- BRIEF FOR THE RESPONDENTS ------------------------------------------------- Filed by: SINKALU STEVE M. M ESQ SIANSUMO MODRINE ESQ DPP Chambers LUSAKA. ADVOCATES FOR THE RESPONDENT TO: SAKALA TISANGECHI ESQ SALAMU BWALYA M ESQ Legal Aid LUSAKA. ADVOCATES FOR THE APPELLANT IN THE SUPREME COURT OF UNZA CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 16 of 2012 HOLDEN AT THE MAIN CAMPUS AT LUSAKA IN THE MATTER BETWEEN: KABWE NDUNDU APPELLANT AND THE PEOPLE RESPONDENT ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- INDEX Page 2…………………………………………………….Index Page 3……………………………………………………. Memorandum of Response Page 4……………………………………………………. Record of Proceedings in the Court Below Page 6……………………………………………………..Heads of Arguments Page 14…………………………………………………….List of Authorities IN THE SUPREME COURT OF UNZA CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 16 of 2012 HOLDEN AT THE MAIN CAMPUS IN THE MATTER BETWEEN: KABWE NDUNDU APPELLANT AND THE PEOPLE...
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...Chapter 7. DELINQUENCY Juvenile among young people, as they negotiate the transition from childhood to adulthood in an increasingly complex and confusing world, is the issue that this chapter first examines. Some basic assumptions relating to delinquent behaviour are presented, followed by a description of the various factors underlying or contributing to this phenomenon. Some regional variations are highlighted. Effective approaches and measures for preventing juvenile delinquency are detailed, with particular attention given to the development of educational, professional development and community programmes, improvements in family relations and parenting skills, and the value of restorative justice for both perpetrators and victims. The chapter concludes with a summary and recommendations for future action. Delinquent and criminal behaviour For many young people today, traditional patterns guiding the relationships and transitions between family, school and work are being challenged. Social relations that ensure a smooth process of socialization are collapsing; lifestyle trajectories are becoming more varied and less predictable. The restructuring of the labour market, the extension of the maturity gap (the period of dependence of young adults on the family) and, arguably, the more limited opportunities to become an independent adult are all changes influencing relationships with family and friends, educational opportunities and choices, labour market participation...
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...Chapter 7. DELINQUENCY Juvenile among young people, as they negotiate the transition from childhood to adulthood in an increasingly complex and confusing world, is the issue that this chapter first examines. Some basic assumptions relating to delinquent behaviour are presented, followed by a description of the various factors underlying or contributing to this phenomenon. Some regional variations are highlighted. Effective approaches and measures for preventing juvenile delinquency are detailed, with particular attention given to the development of educational, professional development and community programmes, improvements in family relations and parenting skills, and the value of restorative justice for both perpetrators and victims. The chapter concludes with a summary and recommendations for future action. Delinquent and criminal behaviour For many young people today, traditional patterns guiding the relationships and transitions between family, school and work are being challenged. Social relations that ensure a smooth process of socialization are collapsing; lifestyle trajectories are becoming more varied and less predictable. The restructuring of the labour market, the extension of the maturity gap (the period of dependence of young adults on the family) and, arguably, the more limited opportunities to become an independent adult are all changes influencing relationships with family and friends, educational opportunities and choices, labour market participation, leisure...
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...RESEARCH METHODS IN CRIME AND JUSTICE CHAPTER 1 – THE RESEARCH PRACTICE Chapter Review Questions Respond to each of the following questions using the information from this chapter. 1. During a recent meeting of the command staff at a mid-sized police department, the chief asks the patrol captain for his recommendation for new flashlights. The captain responds, “I did a little research and I recommend that we purchase the DryLight, Model X flashlight”. The patrol captain’s research consisted of “asking a few of the officers” what they thought would be a good flashlight. Did the patrol captain actually conduct research? Why or why not? ANSWER: Technically, the patrol captain did some research. He conducted interviews which is a form of data collection. One could argue, however, that the patrol captain’s research was limited (pp. 7-8). 2. Respond to the following statement in 3-5 sentences: Conducting research in the social sciences and in criminal justice in particular is easier than in other sciences because the things we measure are so vague that nobody really cares if we get it right or not. ANSWER: Generally speaking, social science research is more challenging than some of the ‘hard sciences’ because the things social scientists study are difficult to measure objectively. As a result social scientists spend a great deal of time justifying how they measure concepts to their peers (pp. 4-5). 3. Read the following scenarios and identify which of the following...
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...consent. Ricky was sentenced to three and one-half to ten years for breaking and entering. However, Smith felt he was sentenced incorrectly on the grounds that his juvenile record had been included during his sentencing hearing and subsequently, filed an appeal. In Smith’s appeal he citied that he was entitled to be resentenced, because his presentence report referenced his juvenile criminal record which is supposed to automatically be expunged....
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...INTRODUCTION: Juvenile delinquency, legal term for behavior of children and adolescents that in adults would be judged criminal under law. In the United States, definitions and age limits of juveniles vary, the maximum age being set at 14 years in some states and as high as 21 years in others. The 16- to 20-year age group, considered adult in many places, has one of the highest incidences of serious crime. A high proportion of adult criminals have a background of early delinquency. Theft is the most common offense by children; more serious property crimes and rape are most frequently committed in later youth. The causes of such behavior, like those of crime in general, are found in a complex of psychological, social, and economic factors. Clinical studies have uncovered emotional maladjustments, usually arising from disorganized family situations, in many delinquents. Other studies have suggested that there are persisting patterns of delinquency in poverty-level neighborhoods regardless of changing occupants; this "culture of poverty" argument has come into disrepute among many social scientists. The gang, a source of much delinquency, has been a common path for adolescents, particularly in the inner cities. Not until the development, after 1899, of the juvenile court was judgment of youthful offenders effectively separated from that of adults. The system generally emphasizes informal procedure and correction rather than punishment. In some states, psychiatric clinics are attached...
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