I. Introduction
The first time you will hear the word Circadian Rhythm, you will be dreary because you have no idea on what it is about, but because of my drastic intention I will gather more ideas about my topic. Doubtless, I am sure I will make it easier to work with it. One question was bothering me and makes me persevere on doing this Research Paper. “Is it entrainable or not?”, one question with different ideas and information’s sticking with it. No specific and particular reviews I need to provide about it, I just need to gather information by means of researching just to know if Circadian Rhythm is entrainable or not. Although the process is not easy, as people who have suffered from a jetlag, because the more time you did not sleep, the more you will suffer Circadian Rhythm. Sleep and waking, for instance, occur naturally to the beat of an internal pacemaker, which works on a cycle of about twenty-four-hours.
My purpose on making and researching is to have broad ideas and I need to answer the question bothering me if it is entrainale or not. I need to defend my title against myself to be proudly to present it and defend it easily.In my title, I used the questioning type because I want to know if Circadian Rhythm is truly entrainable or not. Y abstract focuses on the summary of my entire research paper and what are my goals and objectives on making this research. In listing the methods and procedures, my goal is to give the reader sufficient information to be able to understand it clearly. I have also results to give some description and guide to help the reader recognize my important points. Also the written conclusions were I stated what I’ve learned and proved. Lastly, in the bibliography I listed different references I used in my Research Paper to gather more informations.
Background of the Study
Circadian rhythms allow organisms to anticipate what will happen soon and adjust physical and behavioral changes accordingly. They also allow seasonal animals and plants to keep track of the seasons by measuring daylength.
Circadian rhythms are often called the body clock. Humans produce on average a cycle lasting a bit over 24 hours, though there are individual variations. While these internal rhythms are approximately 24 hours, they are adjusted daily by external factors, especially sunlight or other bright lights.
The most noticeable feature of circadian rhythms is the sleep/wake cycle. But there are other circadian rhythms including swings in many hormones throughout the day and night, the body temperature cycle, appetite and the best times of alertness and productivity. Ideally these rhythms are in sync with each other and with the light-dark cycle in nature, the norm being wakefulness during daylight hours and sleep during darkness. So for example normal adults usually go to sleep between 10 PM and 1 AM and awaken 7-8 hours later with no problem.

Limitations
The paper focuses on the term “entrainable”, is it adjustable or not? If yes, what are the ways we need to do just to adjust on the rhythm. But if no, why do we still need to study more about the psychologists doing in the cureness of the Circadian Rhythm. But I focused on defining the Circadian Rhythm and describing what are the characteristics of it we need to adjust to.

Importance Knowing enough about circadian rhythms to make solid, informed choices cuts down on the fear factor. If you apply what you've just learned about circadian rhythms, you should have nothing to worry about. The body's circadian rhythm is the control system that regulates when and how you get hungry, digest your food, produce urine and bowel movements, you regulate your blood pressure and body temperature. With so many critical bodily functions so closely intertwined to these rhythms you can begin to see why any disruption could create symptoms of illness. The crossing of multiple time zones when travelling creates a new environment that your body will be forced to synchronize all of these behaviors and functions to. This unhinging of your natural time tables and body cycles is what is then experienced as Jet Lag.

Assumptions The old adage "early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy wealthy and wise" could offer a deeper insight than once thought. If you have ever woken up a minute before your alarm clock went off or randomly guessed the time and you were right in those moments your body's natural rhythms were in perfect harmony with your environment. The body circadian rhythms, commonly referred to as your biological clock, is a highly evolved system in the human body that does much more than just give you sense of the time. This natural rhythm is most important to understand in the modern day world as transportation technology now has the ability to dramatically alter the natural indicators that keep these rhythms in harmony.

II. Abstract

My only aim on making this Research Paper about the Circadian Rhythm is to know if it is entrainable or not. When we say entrainable, simply to draw along or with oneself so a person can easily adjust. On the other hand, my knowledge about the said rhythm will be broaden and expanded. My target is to make my own conclusion after the research I made.

First of all, what is Circadian rhythm? This is biological processes that occur repeatedly on approximately a twenty-four hour cycle that displays an endogenous oscillation of about 24 hours. These rhythms are driven by a circadian clock, and rhythms have been widely observed in plants, animals, fungi, and cyanobacteria. The fact that we cycle back and forth between wakefulness and sleep, is an example of our body’s circadian rhythm. Several other bodily functions such as body temperature also work on circadian rhythms. These circadian cycles can be quite complex. For instance, sleepiness occurs not just in the evening, but throughout the day in regular patterns. Most of us get drowsy in the early afternoon regardless of whether we have eaten a heavy lunch. The dip in alertness is due solely to time of the day.
The formal study of biological temporal rhythms, such as daily, tidal, weekly, seasonal, and annual rhythms is called chronobiology. Although circadian rhythms are endogenous or self- sustained, they are adjusted to the local environment by external cues called zeitgebergs, commonly the most important of which is day light. The first recorded observation of an endogenous circadian oscillation was by the French scientist Jean Jacques Mairan in 1729. He noted that 24-hour patterns in the movement of the leaves of the plant Mimosa Pudica continued even when the plants were kept in constant darkness, in the first experiment to attempt to distinguish an endogenous clock from responses to daily stimuli. Photosensitive proteins and circadian rhythms are believed to have originated in the earliest cells, with the purpose of protecting the replicating DNA from high ultraviolet radiation during the daytime. As a result, replication was relegated to the dark. The fungus Neurospia, which exists today, retains this Clock Regulated Mechanism. Circadian rhythms allow organisms to anticipate and prepare for precise and regular environmental changes; they have great value in relation to the outside world. The rhythmicity appears to be as important in regulating and coordinating internal metabolic processes, as in coordinating with the environment. This is suggested by the maintenance (heritability) of circadian rhythms in fruit flies after several hundred generations in constant laboratory conditions, as well as in creatures in constant darkness in the wild, and by the experimental elimination of behavioural but not physiological circadian rhythms in quail.

The simplest known circadian clock is that of the prokaryotic cyanobacteria. Recent research has demonstrated that the circadian clock of Synechococcus elongatus can be reconstituted in vitro with just the three proteins of their central oscillator. This clock has been shown to sustain a 22-hour rhythm over several days upon the addition of ATP.
Previous explanations of the prokaryotic circadian timekeeper were dependent upon a
DNA transcription/translation feedback mechanism.
It is easy to modify but biologically it is not easy on the persons who were suffering on jetlags. Based on the investigations and analysis of psychologists, the rhythm is adjustable or changeable because after the haggard moments a person can adjust by means of sleeping regularly.

Psychologists have recently developed a promising way of changing circadian cycles by resetting the internal clocks through a timing of the light. A bright light, as strong as the sunlight produced on a cloudy day produces a clear resetting of the subject’s circadian rhythms. He has now at night a greater alertness and better thought processes. Attention is called on the intensity of the light as a necessary condition, because the normal lighting does not do the trick.
These findings have enormous practical implications for people on nightshifts, traveller across different time zones.

III. Methods/Procedures To be called a Circadian, a biological rhythm must meet different criterias. First, the rhythm has an endogenous free running period that lasts approximately 24 hours to be able to know if the rhythm is self-sustainable. Next, if it is adjustable to the local government. Lastly, the rhythms exhibit temperature compensation. My only strategy in making this Research Paper is to have advance knowledge about what we will tackling related on our subject, because of that I need to research for advance about my topic I chose. Sufficient knowledge and ideas were maintained on the paper. I just only want to know if the Circadian Rhythm is entrainable or not. It means if one person can draw with himself and can easily adjust to it by experiencing different moments. It will be hard to understand on a first timer the research. If a Psychologist suffers a jet lag, what he will do just to passed that problem?. After all my research, I will therefore answer all questions and I will be having my self-conclusion. Looking forward on my paper, methods and procedures will bring a big help just to appreciate what I’ve done and what are my techniques on my entire paper. Mostly of us have been experienced the Circadian Rhythm because it is a part of our day to day basis. We must look forward on what we are researching for example is that we need to have an advance research to be able to have advance knowledge on our research. Those are my methods and procedures in making this research paper.

IV. Results

Census of Circadian Oscillation Circadian oscillations represent one of the more conspicuous examples of biologicalrhythms. Although present at the physiological, behavioural, and cellular levels, these
24 hours rhythms originate at the molecular level. Identifying the so-called clock genes and their regulations is thus of primary importance in understanding the origin and the dynamical properties of circadian oscillations. Since alterations of the circadian clockwork have been linked to physiological disorders, a better understanding of the molecular functioning of the clock could also lead to medical applications. The molecular mechanism of circadian clocks is complex: it involves many genes and several interlocked positive and negative feedback loops. However mathematical models predict that a simple delayed negative regulatory feedback involving a single gene would be sufficient to produce self-sustained 24 hours oscillations. The design principles of the genetic network responsible for oscillations are not yet elucidated. Synthetic biology provides a means to tackle this issue. A recent publication in Nature addressed this question by designing an artificial clock that relies on a minimal mechanism. Guided by a mathematical model, this system was implemented in cultured mammalian cells and produced in vivo self-sustained oscillations. Besides providing insights in the functioning of a genetic oscillator, this first realization of a synthetic clock in a mammalian cell opens promising perspectives for cell therapy.

Timing of medical treatment in coordination with the body clock may significantly increase efficacy and reduce drug toxicity or adverse reactions. A number of studies have concluded that a short period of sleep during the day, a power-nap, does not have any measurable effect on normal circadian rhythms but can decrease stress and improve productivity.Health problems can result from a disturbance to the circadian rhythm. Circadian rhythms also play a part in the reticular activating system, which is crucial for maintaining a state of consciousness. A reversal in the sleep–wake cycle may be a sign or complication of uremia,azotemia or acute renal failure. Early research into circadian rhythms suggested that most people preferred a day closer to 25 hours when isolated from external stimuli like daylight and timekeeping. However, this research was faulty because it failed to shield the participants from artificial light. Although subjects were shielded from time cues and daylight, the researchers were not aware of the phase-delaying effects of indoor electric lights. The biological clocks that control circadian rhythms are groupings of interacting molecules in cells throughout the body. A "master clock" in the brain coordinates all the body clocks so that they are in synch. Understanding what makes biological clocks tick may lead researchers to treatments for sleep disorders, jet lag and other health problems. Learning more about the genes responsible for circadian rhythms will also enhance our understanding of biological systems and the human body.

V. Narrative Conclusion

I therefore conclude that the Circadian Rhythm is entrainable. Most of the people adjust as they suffer the rhythm. They know how to react and they know what to do if Circadian
Rhythm run on their life in the day to day basis. Knowing enough about circadian rhythms to make solid, informed choices cuts down on the fear factor. If you apply what you've just learned about circadian rhythms, you should have nothing to worry about. This natural rhythm is most important to understand in the modern day world as transportation technology now has the ability to dramatically alter the natural indicators that keep these rhythms in harmony. The rhythmicity appears to be as important in regulating and coordinating internal metabolic processes, as in coordinating with the environment.
The most noticeable feature of circadian rhythms is the sleep/wake cycle. But there are other circadian rhythms including swings in many hormones throughout the day and night, the body temperature cycle, appetite and the best times of alertness and productivity. Based on the investigations and analysis of psychologists, the rhythm is adjustable or changeable because after the haggard moments a person can adjust by means of sleeping regularly. Scientists can learn about circadian rhythms by studying humans or by using model organisms that have similar "clock" genes. Basic researchers doing these experiments can control the subject's environment by altering light and dark periods and then look for changes in gene activity or other molecular signals. So because of this research, I answered my title.

VI. Bibliography

* Science Daily, Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder, 2007 http://www.sciencedaily.com/articles/c/circadian_rhythm_sleep_disorder.htm * My Web MD, Sleep and Circadian Rhythm Disorder, July 27, 2012 http://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/guide/circadian-rhythm-disorders-cause * Explore Health Hub, Circadian Rhythm Disorders, 2010 http://my.clevelandclinic.org/neurological_institute/sleep-disorders-center/disorders-conditions/hic-circadian-rhythm-disorders.aspx * MedScape, Sleeplessness and Circadian Rhythm Disorder http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1188944-overview * Health Line, Circadian Rhythm, 2013 http://www.healthline.com/health/circadian-rhythm-sleep-disorder * Reffineti, Roberto, Ph. D.,Research Methods on Circadian Rhythm;Circadian Physiology, CRC Press, 1999, p.8-55

* Purves D, Augustine GJ, Fitzpatrick D, et al., The Circadian Cycle of Sleep and Wakefulness; NeuroScience, 2nd Edition, p.28

* Reffineti, Roberto, Ph. D., Adjustments on Circadian: Circadian Physiology,

CRC Press, 1999, p.134