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Database management system (DBMS)
A database management system (DBMS) is a program, or a collection of programs, through which users interact with a database. The actual manipulation of the underlying database is handled by the DBMS. In some cases, users may interact with the DBMS directly. In other cases, users may interact with programs such as those created with Visual Basic, Java, Perl, PHP, or C++; these programs, in turn, interact with the DBMS, as shown in Figure 1-9. In either case, only the DBMS actually accesses the database. It typically supports query languages, which are in fact high-level programming languages, dedicated database languages that considerably simplify writing database application programs. Database languages also simplify the database organization as well as retrieving and presenting information from it. A DBMS provides facilities for controlling data access, enforcing data integrity, managing concurrency control, recovering the database after failures and restoring it from backup files, as well as maintaining database security.

Entity
An entity is a person, place, object, event, or idea for which you want to store and process data. The entities of interest to Premiere Products, for example, are sales reps, customers, orders, and parts.

Attribute, Column, Field
An attribute is a characteristic or property of an entity. The term is used in this text exactly as it is used in everyday English.
An attribute is also called a field or column in many database systems. The attributes are the same as the columns in a spreadsheet. In an access database structure there are various columns or fields for each attribute.
Integrity and integrity constraint
Data Integrity is very important in database operations in particular and Data Warehousing. Because Data Integrity ensured that data is of high quality, correct, consistent and

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