...Impacts Of Climate Change IN Bangladesh | Group 2 | Members-Sakib Shahriar-1510119630 | Israt Jahan-1510581630 | Joyeeta Fabliha Zahir-Faisal Ahmed Shajal-Ashrafun Zamam Lima-Kazi Pushpita- | | Faculty-MRL ENV-107 | [Pick the date] | | Abstract Climate change is one of the most important issues to tackle this generation and possibly any generation in history. Bangladesh is likely to be one of the most vulnerable countries in the world to climate change. This paper discusses the possible impacts of climate change in Bangladesh through tropical cyclones, storm surges, coastal erosion and back water effect. Both qualitative and quantitative discussions are made on cyclone intensity increase for a sea surface temperature rise of 2 and 4°C. Different scenarios of storm surges under different climate change conditions are developed by using a numerical model of storm surges for the Bay of Bengal. Possible loss of land through beach erosion due to sea level rise on the eastern coast of Bangladesh is examined. Finally a few remarks are made on the adaptation options for Bangladesh in the event of climate change. Introduction Climate change is the biggest global health threat of the 21st century and is increasingly recognized as a public health priority. Bangladesh is recognized as one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change impacts in the world. It has a history of extreme climatic events claiming millions of lives...
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...Term Paper on “Climate Change and Bangladesh” Submitted by 1.Quazi Nizam Uddin, ID-5176 2.Kazi Golam Quddus,ID-5168 MBA(F) 4th Batch , Fall semister-2010 Submitted for Mohammad Jahangir Alam Asst Professor , Jahangir Nagar University & South East University Quantitative Analysis for Business decision (Bus-5119) Introduction As a part of our MBA course program we have to submit a term paper. As our course teacher selected the topics “Climate Change and Bangladesh”. Accordingly we have to write on this topic. Climate change is a long-term change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods of time that range from decades to millions of years. It may be a change in the average weather conditions or a change in the distribution of weather events with respect to an average, for example, greater or fewer extreme weather events. Climate change may be limited to a specific region, or may occur across the whole Earth. In recent usage, especially in the context of environmental policy, climate change usually refers to changes in modern climate. It may be qualified as anthropogenic climate change, more generally known as global warming or anthropogenic global warming Bangladesh is frequently cited as one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change because of its disadvantageous geographic location, flat and low-lying topography...
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...Global Warming And Its Effects On The Coastal Areas of Bangladesh [pic] [pic][pic] GLOBAL WARMING: Global Warming is the rise in the average temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere, including the surface air and oceans. In simple words global warming is when the Earth heats up. It is caused mainly due to increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere. The greenhouse gases, include carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, methane, water vapor, traps heat and light in the Earth’s atmosphere, which increases the temperature. Today global warming is considered as one of the major environmental issues, which threatens to disrupt the basic balance of the environment and cause large scale destruction. The Greenhouse Effect: [pic] There are certain gases that raise the temperature by trapping the sun’s heat and energy. The Earth’s average temperature would have been about 60Error! Hyperlink reference not valid. colder if it weren’t for these gases. These gases are referred to as “greenhouse effect” because of the way they help to keep the Earth warm. The greenhouse effect makes the Earth suitable for all living things. The Earth might have been freezing or it might also have been burning hot if the greenhouse effect did not occur. However, the presence of too many such gases can cause the Earth to get unusually warmer. The plants would not be able to take such heat and eventually they would have died. The scarcity of plants would cause animals to die...
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...IPCC, South Asia is the most vulnerable region of the world to climate change impacts (McCarthy et al., 2001). The international community also recognizes that Bangladesh ranks high in the list of most vulnerable countries on earth. Bangladesh’s high vulnerability to climate change is due to a number of hydro-geological and socio-economic factors that include: its geographical location in South Asia; its flat deltaic topography with very low elevation; its extreme climate variability that is governed by monsoon and which results in acute water distribution over space and time; its high population density and poverty incidence; and its majority of population being dependent on crop agriculture which is highly influenced by climate variability and change. Despite the recent strides towards achieving sustainable development, Bangladesh’s potential to sustain its development is faced with significant challenges posed by climate change (Ahmed and Haque, 2002). It is therefore of utmost importance to understand its vulnerability in terms of population and sectors at risk and its potential for adaptation to climate change. Increased climate variability means additional threats to drought-prone environments and is considered a major crop production risk factor. The impact of climate variability and change on agricultural production is a global concern. However, the impact is particularly important in Bangladesh where agriculture is the largest sector of economy, accounting...
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...CHALLENGE OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND BD PERSPECTIVE INTRODUCTION 1. Climate change is a change in the statistical distribution of weather over periods of time that range from decades to millions of years. A change of climate which is attributed/influenced directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate changeability observed over comparable time periods. In the latter sense it may be qualified as anthropogenic change of climate, more generally known as "global warming" or "Anthropogenic Global Warming" (AGW). 2. Presently this rapid climate change has become the major catastrophe and the greatest threat of the 21st century. No nation, however large or small, wealthy or poor, can escape the impact of climate change. Appreciating the consequences, many a times heads of frontier states, Heads of Governments, Ministers, and other heads of delegations sited together and formed various international agreements to bring down the carbon emission to a level to keep the planet liveable. But the summit concluded without expected consensus/agreement. 3. In pursuant to the present context of climate change, this paper will endeavour to highlight the various causes of world climate change, effects of it and summary of recent Copenhagen accord, analysis, criticism and cause of failure of the accord and the remedial measures to combat climate change in the suffering countries. AIM 4. The aim of this paper...
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...multiple webpage and link in related to climate change and sea level rise. We are also grateful to Bangladeshi local NGOs and their documents in related sea level rise. Sea level rise: Impacts on Bangladesh and the role of NGOs Introduction: climate change is one of the most raising issues in contemporary world. Global warming is an important cause if climate change. The temperature of the world is increasing day by day. As a result the ice of arctic areas is melting. And this is raising the sea level. Though the temperature is increasing equally all over the world but all the countries of the world are not equally affected by this global warming. Usually costal areas, islands, and lower lands are mostly affected by this sea level rise. They are flooded badly each year because of this sea level rise. Global warming not only affects the environmental life but also they affect the political economic and infrastructural basis. Bangladesh is one of the most vulnerable countries of sea level rise. As it is a costal and lower land, so here lives and properties are at a severe risk. One of the island of Bangladesh, named South Talpatti Island has already sank because of sea level rise. NGOs role is very important for Bangladesh. NGOs can play vital role in many ways. NGOs can supply knowledge and information through research which is essential for making strategy and action plan for Bangladesh Government....
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...Excerpt from PAI working paper Nabil Haque Mainstreaming Climate Change Adaptation into Bangladesh Development Policies Connecting the dots with Population Pressure A great number of assessments studied the vulnerability of Bangladesh to climate change impacts due to its unique geographic location, dominance of floodplains, low elevation, high population density, high levels of poverty, and overwhelming dependence on natural resources and services. The country has a history of extreme climatic events claiming millions of lives and destroying past development gains. Climate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of such events like floods and cyclones. Bangladesh has come a long way in developing national adaptation strategies and is currently leading this approach among the Least Developed Countries (LDCs). Adaptation is now an integral part of development strategies, and given the scale of the impacts, most ministries are gearing up for sector-wise adaptation. 1 Significant steps have been taken after the publication of National Adaptation Program of Action (NAPA) in 2005, where immediate and urgent needs of adaptation have been identified. In 2008, a supplement to the NAPA was introduced called “The Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan”, which is built on six pillars – five of them related to impact management and one related to mitigation through low carbon development. The government has solely focused its adaptation approach to livelihood...
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...vulnerability. Bangladesh is the nation most vulnerable to global climate change in the world, according to German Watch’s Global Climate Risk Index (CRI) of 2011. This is based on the analysis of impacts of major climate events that occurred around the world in the twenty-year period since 1990. The reasons are complex and extremely intertwined. Located at the bottom of the mighty GBM river system (comprising the Ganges, the Brahmaputra and the Meghna), Bangladesh is watered by a total of 57 trans-boundary rivers coming down to it: 54 from neighbouring India and 3 from Myanmar. The country, which has no control of the water flow and volume, drains to the Bay of Bengal over 90% of the total run-off generated annually. Coupled with the high level of widespread poverty and increasing population density, limited adaptive capacity and poorly funded, ineffective local governance have made the region one of the most adversely affected in the planet. There are an estimated one thousand people in each square kilometre, with the national population increasing by 2 million people each year. Almost half the population is in poverty (Purchasing Power Parity of $1.25 per person a day). Hence these people do not have the ability to respond to a natural disaster and the government cannot help them.[2] Effects[edit] It is projected that, by 2020, from 500 to 750 million people will be affected by water stress caused by climate change around the world. Low-lying coastal regions, such as Bangladesh, are...
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...in her article ‘Climate change and migration: a case study from rural Bangladesh’ stated that in costal Bangladesh, environmental threats like cyclone, raises sea level etc are damaging shelter, affecting livelihoods, decreasing the amount of safe water available and creating threat to life. All aspects effort as motivation towards migration, forcing people to go in search of safer environments that can offer them reliable livelihoods, and household security (Black et al. 2008, quoted in Kartik 2011). But here author claimed that displacement may be a short-term managing strategy, it can’t be called ‘adaptation’ to deal with future environmental shocks and stresses. This article establishes link between forced displacement (migration in a short area for a short time) and environmental shocks. The author finally argued that forced displacement should be reduced by taking effective strategies. The article named ‘Climate Refugees in Bangladesh: Understanding the migration process at the local level’ portrayed an overall scenario about climate change related migration. Extreme climate events like floods, cyclones and tidal surges, as well as gradual impacts of climate change like salinity or river erosion, cause climate induced migration (Anwar, 2012). This study attempt to explore diverse reasons of push and pull variables of displacement. Based on opinions from affected people as well as relevant stakeholders, it also catch how this push and pull factors effect on places of destinations...
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... 5. Systems of differential equations, linear system, Fundamental matrix, Solutions of linear systems with constant coefficients. References: 1. D.G. Zill, A First Course in Differentil Equations with Applications. 2. F. Braur and J.A. Nohel, Differential Equations. 3. S.L. Ross, Differential Equation. DSMHT 202: Geological and Hydro-meteorological Hazards (credit 02) 1. Introduction to Geological and Hydro-meteorological Hazards. 2. Geological Hazards Earthquakes (causes, types and effects of Earthquakes), Tsunami & Seiches. (naming, Tsunami Generation, Velocity and height, coastal effects and vulnerability), Volcanoes (origin & types of volcanic hazards, volcanic eruptions and products), Mass Movement -Dry (factors controlling down slope movement; causes, classification and effects of mass movements), Land subsidence and sinkholes, Impacts of asteroids and comets. 3. Geomorphological Hazards Riverbank Erosion (causes and effects), Coastal Erosions (coastal geomorphic features, beach erosion and replenishment) 4....
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...Bangladesh’s achievements and expectations from the UNFCCC Climate Change Negotiations (COP) Tarafder Md. Arifur Rahman Senior Research Associate Bangladesh Unnayan Parishad BACKGROUND The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC or FCCC) is an international environmental treaty negotiated at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), informally known as the Earth Summit, held in Rio de Janeiro from 3 to 14 June 1992. The objective of the treaty is to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system- commonly believed to be around 2°C above the pre-industrial global average temperature. The UNFCCC was opened for signature on May 9, 1992 after an Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee produced the text of the Framework Convention as a report following its meeting in New York. Countries who sign up to the UNFCCC are known as ‘Parties’. As of March 2014, UNFCCC has 196 parties. Since the UNFCCC entered into force, the parties have been meeting annually in Conferences of the Parties (COP) to assess progress in dealing with climate change. The parties to the convention have met annually from 1995 in COP to assess progress in dealing with climate change. From 2005 the Conferences have also served as the Meetings of Parties of the Kyoto Protocol (MOP). Also parties to the Convention that are not parties to the Protocol can...
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...Introduction Investment Climate means the general economic conditions affecting the financial markets. A favorable investment climate encourages businesses to improve efficiency and productivity in order to increase revenues and capital available for investment. It also gives investors confidence in the market and encourages them to invest more capital. Investment Climate The investment climate in a country is the collective set of incentives which establish the “rules of the game” to which economic actors must adhere. Set by a wide variety of sources, including government policies, cultures of public administration, and institutional, social, and physical infrastructure, the investment climate determines the level and uncertainty of returns expected by economic agents and consequently impacts the quality and quantity of investment and the incentives to productively employ inputs. The investment climate can be broken down into the following three main areas: (1) Macroeconomic and Trade Policy - The capacity of domestic institutions and economic policy (e.g. fiscal, monetary, trade, and exchange rate policy, administration of customs and ports, security of property rights, strength of rule of law, and political stability) to reduce costs of international trade and finance and ensure a consistent and non-distortionary basis for investment, production and exchange; (2) Microeconomic Framework - The contribution of microeconomic regulation (e.g. rules governing...
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...in Environmental Sciences (IE 5511) Research Proposal Research Title: Regional Poverty Disparity in Bangladesh for Climate Change Author: Muhammad Abu Noyeem Abstract Whilst Bangladesh is considered one of the most climates affected and vulnerable country in the world has made commendable progress in poverty reduction. But the proportion of poverty reduction is not equal everywhere in the country, particularly the coastal regions - having vicinity to the Bay of Bengal differs from the rest of the country in terms of highest vulnerability for climatic change impacts and highest poverty levels as well. It is predicted that frequent extreme events in coastal regions are the main impediment to attain national poverty levels. This research proposal aim is to establish a relationship between climate change impacts and change in poverty disparity by comparing coastal areas with other regions in Bangladesh over the last 20 years. The study will be based on year-wise comparative data analysis regarding affected areas, damages, development activities, socio-economic variables and poverty levels since 1991 to 2011. This research hypothetically foresees that higher extreme events affect and much damage will be created higher poverty gaps and disparity in coastal areas than the other parts of the country. Keywords: climate change, poverty disparity, coastal areas, Bangladesh. Proposed Supervisor: Dr. Ariana Zeka Lecturer in Epidemiology and Public Health Institute for the Environment...
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...people living in them into better living conditions. UN-Habitat claims that the number of slum dwellers worldwide is nearing a billion people but this number could triple by 2050 if not addressed. It is important to consider how we can prevent the creation of new slum populations as well as addressing the conditions that already exist. This report aims to investigate the push and pull factors that facilitate slum formation as well as worsen the problem where there are existing slum populations. The driving factors will be examined in relation to case studies relating to urbanization as well as conflicts and climate events that force displacement. By looking at these examples it will be assessed the manner in which these situations contribute the issue of slums across the world. Furthermore, the observations will be used to suggest what may be done to prevent or minimize the effect that they have in creating and worsening slum conditions. Slums tend to form when there is a demand for housing or infrastructure that is not sufficiently being addressed by whatever authorities or government controls an area. The problem of slum formation is complex; addressing land policies, housing prices, provision of adequate infrastructure and public services. The problem is especially exacerbated by large displacement or migration that can have a number of catalysts. Acioli states that the issue of reducing the growing slum population is a two-pronged challenge. The first is a ‘…focus on slum upgrading...
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...BRAC Bangladesh: Building a Better Tomorrow James Mason Lindgren Marshalltown, Iowa 2011 Borlaug-Ruan Intern BRAC, Bangladesh May 28, 2011-July 23, 2011 BRAC and The World Food Prize Foundation Lindgren: 2 As I was leaving the comfort of home, the thought of being thrown into a developing country halfway across the globe was an exciting but extremely scary thought; however, it was worth every second. My development, climate change, and mitigative agriculture based internship in Bangladesh forced me to confront discomforting ideas and situations, which altered my global perceptions. My assigned readings and conceptual research were enlightening, however my twelve interviews in four rural villages were illuminating. Not only could I learn from the best, but I was able to help them with my independent research inputs. Table of Contents Acknowledgments Preface: Truth in Poverty Introduction Internship Abstract The People of Bangladesh Climate Change in Bangladesh BRAC: Basics Agriculture and Food Security Crop Intensification for Achieving Food Self-Sufficiency in the Coastal Regions of Bangladesh Research: Case Studies Methodology Severely Affected with Assistance from BRAC Mohammad Jahargiur Maghi Abdur Rahman Talukdar Mohammad Rasul Sheikh Severely Affected with Assistance from GO or other NGO Abdul Halim Sikder Kazi Razzak Mohammad Sakhatwat Hossain Severely Affected with No Assistance Mohammad Suleiman Fazlul Haque Hawladar ...
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