...The Central Valley is an area of 18,000 square miles located in central California in the United States. Due to its size, the valley encompasses two different climate types, a hot Mediterranean climate (Csa) in its northern section and a low-latitude desert climate (BWh) in its southern section. These climate types, along with seasonality, latitude, and location affect the energy, moisture, and pressure of the area. Introduction Physiographic Setting of the Region The Central Valley is located centrally in the heart of California and is surrounded by two mountain ranges, the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the east and the Coast Range to the west. It is about 450 miles long, parallels the Pacific Ocean, and spans approximately 18,000...
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...My state is California, also known as “The Golden State”. The reason is because the state is famously known for the “California Gold Rush.” Also, the state is home to most of the most-well paid actors, actresses, singers, and etc. in the world such as; Chris Brown, Melissa McCarthy, Mila Kunis, Katy Perry, and etc. While reading this research paper, you’ll find out several of California’s interesting facts and its geographical beauty. California is located in the western part of the United States. California has four main regions which are; the coast, Central Valley, the mountains, and also the deserts. California has a Mediterranean climate, but because California is a large state the climate changes from subarctic to subtropical....
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...Climate change is a modern fact of science that can not be denied. It is slowly shifting and changing the environment around us and we are not merely innocent bystanders to the whole affair. California’s as well the world’s dependence upon fossil fuels, largely oil and natural gas has only contributed to the increase in carbon in the atmosphere hastening climate change and its effects. It is with this knowledge that therefore California must look towards means of alleviating its contributions to climate change as well as fighting it. The state of California along with the entire United States of America, must shift from the dependence on fossil fuel and non-renewable energy to renewable energy sources by the year 2050 to deal with the...
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...fish populations have been declining for several years which have sparked controversy between policymakers and the management of the Delta. One native fish in particular focus is the delta smelt. The delta smelt, a small iridescent fish is endemic to the upper part of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. The smelt faces many threats such as getting sucked up into big pumps that divert water or threats like getting trapped by predators when the pumps disrupt the river flow. California’s droughts also make freshwater rare and water diversion causing the delta smelts environment to be too salty. The delta smelt was considered an endangered species by the Department of Fish and Game in December 1993 and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in March of 1993 . The delta smelt has been in decline, by...
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...Another example, in logos is that, “No one even knows whether salmon can even survive in the lower San Joaquin, which has temperatures more suitable for bass and bluegill”. and “According to the experts at UC Davis studying California’s rapidly declining salmon populations the fish are exceptionally vulnerable to climate change.” those are my two examples of logos. But in the examples I provided for you I kinda agree on some things, but not all the things they say i think it's an alright idea but in other words I disagree with everything they...
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...with snow. The snow is important because when it melts it ultimately turns into fresh water for our farmers to use. One of California’s biggest water provider is the Sierra Nevada snowpack, which is at just twenty percent of its usual capacity due to dry winters and little rainfall (Walsh,...
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...ASK Northern California.1 Introduction Ⅲ What are northern California’s physiographic provinces? Ⅲ What is the Farallon subduction zone? al Ⅲ What two types of plate boundaries exist in northern California today? th Ⅲ What are terranes, how do they originate, and why are they important in northern California? Northern California.2 The Sierra Nevada: California’s Geologic alifornia’s Ge Backbone Ⅲ What is the Sierra Nevada batholith? rra batholi Ⅲ What kinds of rocks surround the Sierra Nevada batholith? ra Ⅲ When and how was the modern Sierra Nevada uplifted? e Ⅲ What types of gold deposits occur in the Sierra Nevada? e? Ⅲ What is the Mother Lode? Northern California.3 The Klamath M Mountains t ath an Ne evada Ⅲ In what ways are the Klamath Mountains and the Sierra Nevada similar? ds ro o ath M Ⅲ What kinds of rocks comprise the ophiolites in the Klamath Mountains and what tectonic events do they signify? ineral occu th ntai Ⅲ What mineral resources occur in the Klamath Mountains? Northern California.4 The Gr Ca rnia e Great Valley fa s th i he Valle Ⅲ What factors have led to the formation of fertile soils in the Great Valley? at t ime y Grea Seq Ⅲ What was the origin of the sedimentary rocks in the Great Valley Sequence? ori l p duced Gr Ⅲ What is the origin of the natural gas produced in the Great Valley? y Gre chron ooding Ⅲ Why is the Great Valley so prone to...
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...California, and provides habitat and stop-over ground to numerous species of fish and wildlife. (Association of California Water Agencies, 2014) Because of its special geographical position, about two-thirds of salmon that migrate into California pass through the Delta, as do nearly half the migrating waterfowl and shorebirds (Association of California Water Agencies, 2014). Besides, due to the world's largest man-made plumbing job, the estuary provides 7.2 million acre-feet of water a year for export, irrigates 4.5 million acres of farmland, and provides drinking water for 20 million Californians (Association of California Water Agencies, 2014). For these reasons, the SSRD becomes the most important estuary on the west coast. Climate change and man-made modifications to the delta have resulted in many environmental and ecological problems. Problems such as agricultural irrigation, urban water usage, land use and control can threaten citizens’ lives and prosperity. Solutions to mitigate this ecological disaster mainly focus on the divisions between environmental and economic interest. To achieve long term economic growth and development, the most viable solutions address the need balance environmental improvements such as wetland habitat restoration and water quality improvements with infrastructural improvements to levee health, water transportation systems, and land use management. The location, geography, and historical function of the SSRD The Sacramento-San Joaquin...
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...on track to be the driest in 434 years, according to Lynn Ingram, a paleo-climatologist at UC Berkley. The concern generated by this drought brought together a group of emergency planners and water managers for an event known as the “California Drought Outlook Forum” on February, 20 2014 in Sacramento, California. They determined that the water outlook for the state was similar to the droughts in the 1970s. However, our water obligations have increased greatly in the following decades. Marty Hoering of the NOAA states, “The stress created by the current failed rains is more severe than for similar rainfall deficits 40 years earlier.” The central focus for this concern is the substantial agricultural business that California sustains, from avocados to almonds to pistachios, a number of crops are grown in California’s fertile central valleys. A recent report estimated that indirect and direct losses to agriculture would amount to $2.2 billion, and lead to the loss of over 17,000 seasonal and part time jobs. An even greater cause for concern is that the historical record shows that western North America went through a large scale drought...
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...the normal levels. Climate change, devastation of the ecosystem, melting ice over Arctic and Antarctic regions, negative impacts in the agricultural sector are just the problems caused by global warming. Many damages have been caused by this phenomenon. Policies on global warming are made each day. Global average temperature rose significantly during the past century. The prevailing scientific view is that most of the temperature increases since mid-20th century has been caused by increases in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations produced by human activity. Most scientists agree that planet’s temperature has risen 0.5 degree Celsius since 1900 and will continue to increase at an increasing rate. As a result, the world is getting warmer. The year 1990 was the hottest year in the last century. There are both positives and negatives to global warming, although the good is heavily outweighed by the bad. Global warming is important for agriculture. It's conceivable that the world's current breadbaskets could become even more productive as temperatures warm, increasing yields. Farmers accustomed to one harvest a year may even see two. What's more, a larger variety of crops could be grown in more locations than is currently possible. As the globe warms, however, high-latitude zones now on the verge of cultivation could become agriculture-friendly. More food for the world's people is certainly a good thing, although it must be acknowledged that climate change could at the same...
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...1. How did the French become the dominant competitors in the increasingly global wine industry for centuries? What sources of competitive advantage were they able to develop? Where were they vulnerable? By the Christian era, wine became part of the liturgical services and monasteries planted vines and built wineries and the European nobility began planting vineyards as a symbol of prestige, competing in quality of wine they serve on their table, i.e. start of premium wine market. French wine producers became the dominant competitor as a result of four reasons. First, their geographic and climatic features played significant role. As France is in the middle of Europe culture with suitable climate and soil condition for harvesting grape, had accrued first-mover advantage and established its place as the dominant competitor in the global wine industry. Second, they became the first high-quality wine market and gained a lot experience. Especially, the negociants traded wine between France and other countries and this worked as word-of-mouth effect, increasing the reputation and dominance of French wine. Third, they used the latest innovations such as mass production of glass bottles, the use of cork stoppers and pasteurization. These innovations increased the stability and longevity of wine which allowed the transportation of wine to distant places, and birth of global wine market. Lastly, the government support made significant effect on the reputation and improvement of French...
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...James J. Rawls Instructor of History Diablo Valley College Walton Bean Late Professor of History University of California, Berkeley TM TM CALIFORNIA: AN INTERPRETIVE HISTORY, TENTH EDITION Published by McGraw-Hill, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10020. Copyright © 2012 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Previous editions © 2008, 2003, and 1998. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outside the United States. This book is printed on acid-free paper. 1234567890 QFR/QFR 10987654321 ISBN: 978-0-07-340696-1 MHID: 0-07-340696-1 Vice President & Editor-in-Chief: Michael Ryan Vice President EDP/Central Publishing Services: Kimberly Meriwether David Publisher: Christopher Freitag Sponsoring Editor: Matthew Busbridge Executive Marketing Manager: Pamela S. Cooper Editorial Coordinator: Nikki Weissman Project Manager: Erin Melloy Design Coordinator: Margarite Reynolds Cover Designer: Carole Lawson Cover Image: Albert Bierstadt, American (born in Germany), 1830–1902 Valley of the Yosemite, 1864 (detail) Oil on paperboard...
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...deforestation of the Amazon forest in America. In this article it is stated that a complete deforestation of the Amazon could result in a reduction of twenty per cent of rain and snowfall. This doesn’t sound scary but the real problem is that according to the Princeton University (located in New Jersey) who came up with this report, it also means that this reduction would lead to water and food shortages and great risk of forest fires. The reason behind these shortages is because due to the change that would happen in the snowpack of Sierra Nevada which is the main source of irrigation for California’s Central Valley which consequently would affect the food/water supply not only for California but the entire United States. Also, a naked Amazon could contribute to a weather cycle of extremely dry air which during the winter months would bring rain to California and the Sierra Nevada region while drying out the Pacific North West. In this article, it is also indicated that along with this change in the weather cycle, there would also be meandering winds that move east or west across the planet. These are known as the Rossby waves. David Megvigy explains in this article...
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...On average, a healthy hen can lay up to 250 eggs in a single year. California holds approximately 1.9 million egg laying hens that produce over 5 billion eggs and make close to $400 million dollars in revenue (CAPS). California is currently the 5th largest producer of eggs in the United States (CDFA). Eggs are currently ranked as California's 20th largest grossing commodity (CAPS). The United States produces 75 billion eggs per year, around 10% of the worlds supply. Of the 75 billion eggs, 60% are used by consumers, 9% go to the food industry and the remaining 31% are turned into egg products (CDFA). Table 1: Egg Production and Value, 2000-2011 Year | Number of Eggs (millions) | Total Value ($1,000) | 2000 | 6,319 | 238,796 | 2001 | 6,082 | 238,951 | 2002 | 6,257 | 204,175 | 2003 | 5,454 | 283,219 | 2004 | 5,454 | 292,688 | 2005 | 5,271 | 187,965 | 2006 | 5,231 | 223,903 | 2007 | 5,290 | 346,426 | 2008 | 5,271 | 440,438 | 2009 | 5,304 | 319,805 | 2010 | 5,285 | 367,788 | 2011 | 5,287 | 391,578 | *According to the CAPC page 103 Table 1 shows the number of eggs being laid per year is decreasing, while the price per dozen is increasing. It is a simple supply and demand situation. This table also shows the total value of of the eggs fluctuates tremendously, and that there is not a direct correlation...
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...Submitted Fulfillment of the Requirements for SC300 Big Ideas in Science: From Methods to Mutation California Family Foods only uses the finest grade of Non-GMO (California rice Industry against Liberty Link GMO contamination) medium and short grain paddy rice from local growers in the Sacramento Valley, California. They offer seed financing and competitive green freight rates in order to attract premium raw product. This company produces and specializes in Medium and short grain milled and brown rice. The company package and label their products. They work together with PG&E to implement energy plans through their operations. They are active participants in the PG&E’s ClimateSmartTM program, balancing their entire facility’s greenhouse emissions through energy and environmental conservation, restoration and protection projects to address climate change and reduce their carbon footprint. In addition, they work with local agricultural by-product agencies to make sure that all the rice produce at the mill enter the supply chain to be used also as livestock feed to fuel co-generation utility plants. (California Family Foods) The rice is transferred to the processing plant after being harvest where foreign objects (tree stomps, dirt, and stones) are removed; the husk (outer shell of the grain) is removed and the produce is called brown rice and it is ready for the milling process. This process removes the bran layer of rice turning it from brown to...
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