...As a member of society am I susceptible to many versions of racism in my day to day life, after so much negligence I start to think to myself how can we change cognitive biases towards race? In this course I learned about different types of cognitive biases and one I believe plays a big part in racism is implicit biases. For example, two people come in for an interview and most individuals would assume that one is going to do better than the other because of race/appearance. I believe my question is important because it shows how biases appear in our lives without us even noticing them. It is important to me because I’ve seen how judgments and assumptions can affect ones confidence and can lead to more serious emotional problems. In learning...
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...Abstract and Annotated Bibliography: Racism in Rare Form Quinta Anderson Liberty University Abstract Racism occurs when there is a prejudice that is targeted towards a specific group or person due to their ethnicity or the color of their skin. Prejudice can be perceived as passing judgment on a person before knowing facts about an individual. If an individual allows prejudiced to consume them then it is known as discrimination. Discrimination can occur any many different forms such as not allowing someone to purchase a home, getting employment, denying them of their education rights, can all be a form of racial discrimination. For many years, there has been a major conflict regarding the African American race as well as immigrants. Although, the civil rights movement is no longer in existence, racism has started to formulate in rare form and hate crimes has been present across the country has arrived. Racism can be seen daily especially in the Southern States. However, when the color of one’s skin is not a main factor, other examples of discrimination can be seen in the form of one’s language, religion, nationality, sex. The reader will be able to explore how racism and multicultural counseling are linked together. Racism in Rare Form What is Racism? Racism and prejudice is a problem that has existed for years and still exist today, but in rare form. Racism has changed from generation to generation and is sometimes hidden. Racism has been said to exist for years...
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...From their first exposure to discrimination, through systematic barriers to quality education during adolescence (Jackson & Sellers, 1997) and attenuated attainment in adulthood (Williams, 2003), Black American men face social and economic pressure that place them at greater risk for poor mental and physical health (Rich, 2000; Sellers, 2001; Williams, 2003). Thus, the current lack of vision towards health equity and commitment to address the needs of black American men caused by persistent exposure to racism and discrimination, health inequality is presumed to persist. Therefore, it is necessary to first elimination structural racism so that health equality among Black American men can be achieved. The challenge is greater than imagined but such challenge should lie at the heart of all healthcare mission in order to avoid suffering, provide viable care for Black American men and create conditions in which each one of them is able to...
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...Of Mice & Men exemplifies how being different caused segregation in the 1930’s. Lennie’s cognitive disability caused him to be discriminated against, just like those of color. I chose to do a diary entry so that I could really challenge and put myself in the position of those that were discriminated against for being different. I feel in our time that is 2015, we are also facing discrimination and racism with the recent police brutality. Therefore, I felt the need to do segregation in the 1930’s. With a diary entry, I could not only take emotions and experiences that I have faced for being different and discriminated against, but also those that faced prejudice in the 1930’s, to tie it all together into a diary entry from the 1930’s. My purpose...
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...INTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPH Racism is a big issue in our culture. We have many different ethnicities in the United States, as well as many different people with different beliefs who come from all over the world. I specifically would like to talk about Puerto Ricans. Puerto Ricans are not technically Americans but in 1952 the U.S. Congress approved Puerto Rico as a constitution that made the island an autonomous U.S. commonwealth, leaving its citizens with American citizenship. (history.com:1) I feel like Racism is holding us back from bridging our cultural differences because by excluding others for the color of their skin or they way they talk is lacking sociological imagination. I believe that if we were all to expand our knowledge on other...
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...into the person he became to be. Malcolm X Life Span and Development Malcolm Little who is publicly known as Malcolm X was born May 19, 1925 in Omaha, Nebraska. He was born to the parents of Louise and Earl Little. He was one of eight siblings (Malcolm, 2012). Malcolm is famous for being an activist and prominent figure in the Nation of Islam. Malcolm dropped his name “Little” that was considered a slave name and inherited X (Malcolm, 2012). Malcolm went through many changes in life which had a huge impact on his psychological development. The activist had not always been a knowledgeable and peacemaking man. He faced many hardships from racism, family issues, incarceration that affected him emotionally, physically, and the events have also changed his thoughts of thinking. Malcolm was raised in the time period where racism was present. It...
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...The Psychology History of Prejudice and Racism in America Racism and prejudice are problems that have been and still are present in the American society. These problems have brought a lot of suffering and it is of great importance to understand how the two issues work. Racism happens when people of a particular race believe that they are the primary determinants of the human capacities and traits and produce a superiority to another race. Racism works when a particular race wants to defend a system that takes advantage of another on the basis of race (Wellman, 2009). It is a form of prejudice where prejudicial behavior and attitudes are directed towards the members of a specific ethnic group originating from a particular continent. Prejudice is an attitude. It has three concepts; conative-behavior to behave negatively towards a group of people, cognitive-beliefs on a certain people group and affective-dislike (Dovidio, Hewstone, Glick, & Esses). Prejudice and racism is usually described in the form of racial prejudice. Many theories are there to explain the prejudice that is present. The theories focus on a variety of factors and many analyses have been done to classify the racial prejudice. Some define the prejudice in terms of levels, others using culture as a basis while yet, others use society. The different classifications do not show how the different classifications mesh together. There have been different shifts in the history of the racial discrimination in the...
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...There are few societies in the world’s modern history that have been more invested in the concept of race than the United States. In fact, the first black president, Barack Obama, will end his term in office in 2016 and while this may seem like a respectable accomplishment for the United States in regards to our history with racism and inequality, I only have to speak to my relatives to understand we have a long way to go until Americans see individuals for their accomplishments rather than their race. In President Obama’s inaugural address he made a hint to the end of a racial era. “…because we have tasted the bitter swill of civil war and segregation, and emerged from that dark chapter stronger and more united, we cannot help but believe that the old hatreds...
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...Hammock’s tripartite model of identity as a personal narrative process is personal, relational, and collective (Hammack 2008). Because identity is personally constructed, the steps taken by the brain in receiving, processing, and reacting to information summons both basic biological processes as well as contextualized and conditioned cognitive responses. Awareness of identity construction at the biological level and the way personal narratives are shaped at the psychological and social level can reveal opportunities to prevent racial bias formation by interfering in the categorization process of other individuals. At the biological level, factors such as genotype and hormones contribute to the ontological development of personal narrative. Belsky’s article on plasticity genes illustrates the association between genotype and social environment. A person’s genotype combined with their social interaction can make them either more or less susceptible to adverse or positive behavioral outcomes (Belsky 2009). The thought certain genotypes are subject to greater influence by their...
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...“Speciesism is morally objectionable, like other forms of unjust discrimination. Because it is deeply embedded in our society, uprooting it will require radical change.” Briefly before the explanation of the purpose of this statement there needs to be a clarification on what speciesism is. Speciesism is described as the discrimination of an individual simply because they are of another species. This quote is taking the stand of discrimination against beings of a different species other than human is just as morally objectionable as all other discriminations, such as racism or sexism. This quote also claims that speciesism is deeply embedded in our society and only a radical change can uproot the long standing speciesism in our society. This...
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...Name: Hasham Tariq Reg no: 12882 Subject: Research Proposal 1 (Rp1) Class: Tuesday 6 to 9 Assignment: Abstract/References of 10 research papers (Motivation/Discrimination) Submitted to: Dr Akif Hussain / Dr Imtiaz Subhani 1. When Searching Hurts: The Role of Information Search in Reactions to Gender Discrimination Abstract Two laboratory studies conducted with Dutch students explored women’s motivation to search for evidence of gender discrimination and its effects on psychological well-being. Study 1 (N = 161) considered situational self-relevance of one’s personal outcomes (personal failure or success) on women’s motivation to collect information about gender discrimination. Study 2 (N = 106) manipulated information search and studied its effects on well-being when information contains evidence of gender discrimination or personal failure. Results revealed that women are motivated to search for evidence of discrimination when outcomes are highly self-relevant (Study 1) or the need to search is high (Study 2). Furthermore women suffer from evidence of prejudice, but only when they are personally affected by this prejudice and evidence suggests it is pervasive. References -When Searching Hurts: The Role of Information Search in Reactions to Gender Discrimination Katherine Stroebe, Manuela Barreto and Naomi Ellemers SEX ROLES, Volume 62, Numbers 1-2 (2010), 60-76, DOI: 10.1007/s11199-009-9700-y Published online: 24 September 2009 # Springer Science...
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...Lara Barradas P1: Explain the range of meanings attached to citizenship, diversity and associated terminology. Glossary: Apartheid: Apartheid was the policy of racial segregation in South Africa that ended in 1990. It was used to keep the black and white populations separate. Under apartheid, the rights, associations, and movements of the majority black inhabitants and other ethnic groups were curtailed and Afrikaner minority rule was maintained. British citizen: A British citizen is someone that gained British nationality because they are connected with the UK. British dependent territories citizens: People who live in dependent British colonies like Gibraltar and British Virgin Islands. British Overseas citizens: Groups of people who have a connection with the UK because they lived in a former British colony that is now independent. British Nationals (Overseas): People from Hong Kong were given the chance to acquire this status as many were unhappy at the thought of losing British nationality when Hong Kong was returned to China in 1997. British protected persons: Individuals who had a connection with a former British Protectorate. This is an overseas territory that Britain used to protect, such as the country of Brunei. British subjects: It refers in British nationality law, to a limited class of people defined by Part IV of the British Nationality Act 1981. Under that Act, two groups of people became "British subjects"; the first were people from the Republic...
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...The history of national origin and racial exclusion in U.S. immigration laws serves as a lens into this nation's soul. There is no better body of law to illustrate the close nexus between race and class than U.S. immigration law and its enforcement. The United States also has a long history of restricting (if not outright excluding) entry of certain racial minority groups into the country. Transference of hate and displacement of frustration from one racial minority to another explain much in the heated racial dynamics of the twentieth century. Cognitive dissonance theory teaches us how the nation can be so harsh to noncitizens of color while claiming that racism is dead in America. . Immigration law expressly defines who can and cannot enter...
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...RUNNING HEAD: Pre-Prospectus An Exploration of the Reproduction and Perpetuation of Socio-historical Oppression in U.S. Schools: Pre-prospectus La’Quaria Barton Georgia Southern University Dr. Delores Liston, Dissertation Chair Dr. Daniel E. Chapman, Committee Member Dr. Lorraine S. Gilpin, Committee Member Dr. Robert Yarbrough, Committee Member TENTATIVE CHAPTER OUTLINE Chapter 1: Introduction • Background of the Problem • Statement of the Problem • Purpose of the Study • Research Questions • Importance of the Study • Scope of the Study • Definition of Terms • Limitations Chapter 2: Theoretical Framework Chapter 3: Review of the Literature Chapter 4: Research Methods • The Qualitative Paradigm • Qualitative Methods • The Researcher's Role • Data Sources • Data Collection • Data Analysis • Ethical Considerations Chapter 5: Research Findings Chapter 6: Conclusions, Discussion, and Suggestions for Future Research • Summary • Conclusions • Discussion • Suggestions for Future Research Towards A Phenomenology of Liberation From the very start, I am thus fully endorsing the premise that no account of race can be dissociated from a critique of power and a social historical ontology of ourselves (de Oliveira, 2010, 209). INTRODUCTION I grew up in rural North Carolina. When I was in the third grade, I watched as five of my white peers were pulled from class to attend gifted courses. I always wondered why, I, who had always worked...
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...CASE: IT WASN’T ABOUT RACE. OR WAS IT? 1.- Identify two different concepts that have been discussed in readings and lectures that you see playing out in this case. * Stereotype: A.- Definition: We can define this concept as “A perceptual and cognitive process in which specific behavioral traits are ascribed to individuals on the basis of their group membership”. (Cox, 1993) We can also define it as a rigid, exaggerated belief associated with a mental category, that can be more or less rational and that is a consequence from the complex environment and the lack of information that the one who consider it shows. In other words, it comes up to simplify the information and the environment. It is important to know that a stereotype result from differences in levels of contact of individuals with members of “outgroups”. In this way, the lower the contact the larger the tendency to evaluate them along fewer dimensions. It is also important to know that a stereotype does not have to be necessarily bad; traits associated with the group can be positive or negative. B.- Give specific examples in the case of where the concept plays out. The stereotype suggested here is the one of the “black criminal”. Unfortunately it is usually associated black people with criminals, or at least there is a thought about that there is a higher probability that a black to be a criminal than a white to be so. We can see how in the case Hope thought that Dillon was a criminal because he entered the...
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