...COLD CHAIN LOGISTICS- THE INDIAN PERSPECTIVE RAKESH MEHROTRA MANAGING DIRECTOR/CONCOR Agricultural Sector The Agriculture Sector of Indian Economy supports approx. half a billion people and provides employment to 52 % of the workforce. Yet the share of agriculture in our GDP has been showing a steady decline over the years. This is basically due to the fact that our agrarian economy continues to suffer from vagaries of nature on one hand and non-remunerative prices to small and marginal farmers leading to a poor subsistence level for them. The Horticulture Sector contributes around 30 % of the GDP in agriculture and Fruits & Vegetables contribute around 60 % of the Horticulture production. India is the second largest producer of food next to China and has the potential of being the biggest if we are able to focus on Scientific Management of this sector by minimizing wastages at different stages of Food Value Chain and tapping the potential in full by exploiting the possibilities of Bio-Technology, Pre and Post Harvest Interventions and a well designed Food Value Chain with emphasis on generating Value Added Products. This requires a holistic approach and an Inclusive strategy . Horticultural Sector While India produces around 170 million tonnes of Fruits and Vegetables every year and is the second largest producer in the world, yet its share in Global Markets is only 2 %. The average Indian Consumes...
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...Dissertation On “A Study On Cold Chain Logistics ” Submitted by: Garvita Uniyal A. STATEMENT OF THE PROPOSAL Problem Statement “ A Study on Cold Chain Logistics ” is the research work that deals with different process and techniques used for reducing spoilage, retain the quality of the product, guarantees a cost efficient delivery and maintaining ideal storage conditions for perishables products from the point of origin to the point of consumption in the food supply chain. Background Cold Chain Logistics is the logistics system that provides ideal condition to the temperature sensitive perishable goods from the point of origin to the point of consumption through thermal and refrigerated packaging methods and the logistical planning to protect the integrity of these shipments. The Cold Chain logistics infrastructure generally consists of: Pre-cooling facilities, Cold storage, Refrigerated Carriers, Packaging, Warehousing, Information Management System, Traceability and Financial & Insurance Institution. A Cold Chain is a temperature controlled supply chain which begins at pre-cooling stage prior to shipping. It involves a temperature and moisture controlled transportation and storage of refrigerated goods and frozen goods. With the growing demand of the fast food, ready meal and frozen products, Logistics organization are seeking for better cold chain solutions. Organizations are using several food temperature levels to suit the different...
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...Cold chain in healthcare is defined as the temperat ure-controlled supply chai n involving a system of transporting and storing vaccines and pharmaceutical drugs. It consists of three major components − transport and storage equipment, trained personnel, and effi cient management procedures. The majority of the vaccines in the cold chain are typically maintained at a temperature of 35-46 degrees Fahrenheit [2-8 degrees Centigrade]. Maintaining cold chain integrity is extremel y important for healthcare product manufacturers. Especially for the vaccines, improper storage and ha ndling practices that compromise vaccine viability prove a costly, time-consuming affair. Vaccines must be stored properly from manufacture until they are available for use. Any extreme temperatures of heat or cold will reduce vaccine potency; such vaccines, if administered, might not yield effective re sults or could cause adverse effects. Effectively maintaining the temperatures of storage units throughout the he althcare supply chain in real time − i.e. , beginning from the gathering of the resources, manufacturing, distribu tion, and dispensing of the products − is the most effective solution desired in the cold chain. Also, the location-tagged real-time environmental data about the storage units helps in monitoring the cold chain for spoiled products. The chain of custody can be easily id entified to assign product liability. A study...
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...OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT PROJECT REPORT Introduction: Reliance Fresh is a chain of retail stores owned by Reliance Industries, headed by Mukesh Ambani. It was established in 2006, and now has more than 1000 outlets across the country. They sell a wide range of items including fruits, vegetables, groceries, juice, dairy products, FMCG goods and other staples. A typical Reliance Fresh Store has an area of 3000 – 4000 sq. ft. and caters to customers living within 2 – 3 km around each store. Reliance plans to invest over Rs. 250 billion over next 4 years for expanding its retail division. Reliance Fresh provides direct employment to over 5 lakh young Indians and indirect job opportunities to a million people, according to the company. With its core growth strategy of backward integration, Reliance Fresh has made rapid progress towards creating and sustaining an entire value chain right from the farmers to the end consumers. Reliance Fresh has announced that it will minimize its exposure to fruit and vegetable business and position itself as a complete super market which focuses on categories like food, FMCG, stationeries and other products. It has a vision to generate inclusive growth and prosperity for farmers, vendor partners, small shop keepers and consumers. STRUCTURE Organizational Aspects: * 12 customer service associates are rotated periodically for various jobs like billing, stacking and customer service so that they...
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...Press room * Education * Jobs * Conferences (les entretiens) * Products and features * Trading times and closing dates * Traffic information * How to get to Rungis * Market Map * Eating * Sleeping * Your communication at Rungis * Setting-up at Rungis * Book a reception room * Visit Rungis * Photo library * Video library * Who does what at Rungis * Why setting-up at Rungis * Property * Request information * They set-up at Rungis Home » Media/Education/Jobs » Products and features >> FeaturesFeatures The cold chain : facilities and regulationsThe cold chain occupies an essential place in the food sector, at a technical, economic and regulatory level. Because of its inherent evolution in relation to technological progress, it is present at every stage, from production to consumption.The majority of food products are mandatorily subject to cold chain compliance, from production to consumption. This method of preservation is the only one that avoids the proliferation of pathogenic...
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...Case no. 1 Home Style Cookies Members: Abrasaldo, Patty Angela Albina, Ciela Carpio, Rochelle Jinson, Mary Mae Ramirez, Erikka Mae Romano, Mariah Corinne Shiraishi, Chandie Case no. 1 Home Style Cookies Central Problem: The Lew-Mark Baking Company is unadaptive to change and isn’t open for new opportunity of the Company in terms of innovation, productivity and processing. Alternative Courses of Action 1. The Company should try making new product such as hard/ crispy cookies. 2. The Company should use suppliers who are located closer to the plant. 3. The Company should add preservatives or additives to certain product to increase shelf life. 4. The Company should consider the use of technologies in packaging. Than manual labor. 5. The Company should think of new ways to create a new and better products. Evaluation 1. The Company should try making new product such as hard/ crispy cookies. Advantages: A) The Company can attract a new customers. B) The Company can compete with other larger companies. Dis Advantages: A) Additional Cost B) Time- Consuming 2. The Company should use suppliers who are located closer to the plant. Advantage: A) Reduce delivery lead times and transportation cost. Dis Advantage: A) Quality of product might suffer. 3. The Company should add preservatives or additives to certain product to increase shelf life. Advantages: A) The Company can attract new...
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...McDonald’s India Behind the golden arches – Building a robust supply chain Some facts about who we are… • International – First restaurant opened in 1955 in Des Plaines, Illinois USA – Single largest Food Service Retailer in the world – Serves around 50 million customers every day – Around than 30,000 Restaurants worldwide across 120+ countries • India – Started in 1996 – Currently present in around 40 cities with around 180 restaurants – Serves around 500,000 customers daily – Unique menu with Vegetarian products and Nonvegetarian products (Fish, Chicken) …World’s largest democracy … 2nd largest population in the world …fastest growing middle class consumers Incredible India A land of huge opportunities • At 175 million tonnes per annum, India is the second largest producer of fruits and vegetables ……but more than 15 billion US$ worth fruits and vegetables wasted every year post harvest …. only 2.2% of the produce is processed 3rd largest producer of potatoes …..but less than 5% of potatoes grown are process grade • • World’s largest producer of milk …however yield per lactation cycle of a buffalo is 1/10th of US Supply Chain Challenges Agriculture •Outdated farming and irrigation practices Logistics & Distribution •Poor road and other infrastructure conditions •Cold chain – virtually non-existent •Huge wastage of natural resources (water, electricity etc.) •Lack of proper storage facility at farm level for storing post harvest produce •Crops like iceberg lettuce...
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...need for preventative actions. Slight problem: cold related problems are found that impairs the conditions at the workplace. Effects however are judged as slight to moderate and corrective actions and not immediately required. The research was carried out in a large and modern freeze dry coffee factory in Colombia, located at an elevation of 1360m and with an average temperature of 26®c. The descriptive study was based on all twenty four (24) workers performing tasks inside three cold stores. All the workers were male and the participation research was voluntary. The informed consent to participate in the study. The participants completed a standardized questionnaire on paid work time. One of the researchers explained the questionnaire individually to each worker. The response required anonomosity and no company officer was present in the dissemination and completion of the questionnaire. The specific symptoms inquired in the questionnaire were about pain, ache or discomfort in specified body parts during the preceding year and during the seven (7) days thereafter. The questionnaire also inquired whether the symptoms suffered prevented the individual from doing his normal routine of work. This included demographic items such as age and gender, ethnicity as well as questions on the number of years spent on the job and their medical history. Health questionnaire about cold experience (See Appendix). For the detection of cold-related health problems, the health check questionnaire...
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...Part I First and foremost, I love cases that are only a few pages. Easier to read and more fun to discuss. In this case, Carter Racing was faced with a decision to race or not to race. The dilemma is that their engine has been breaking at 29% rate. We believe that the engine failure is correlated to the temperature and we have a scatterplot to help visualize this. Still, we have other pressing matters concerning our financial position. If we do not race, we lose out $85,000. If we decide to race, based on our record, we have a 50% chance of placing “in the money” and gaining a lucrative $2 million sponsorship. If we race and don’t win, there are two outcomes: just losing & engine blowout. Just losing is still a lucrative outcome since we will be keeping sponsorship, but blowing out an engine will cost us an $800,000 sponsorship. As a business student, my inclination is to valuate this decision based on monetary value and had set up a decision tree. This tree showed that the value of winning well exceeded the cost of losing or not racing. If I rely on the data, racing at 40 degrees, which is well below the temperatures my engine failures have occurred, I shouldn’t race. But in a business setting, not racing, I incur more costs and fail to take advantage of the opportunities presented to me. Race time is in one hour. Part II I need help. So I decide to get a mechanic’s opinion on why I’m experiencing engine failure. The guy has been in the racing game since he was 16...
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...situation has me moving from a rather cold to temperate climate to a rather hot and sticky one. So I set out in search of information on acclimation to extreme temperatures. • Heat acclimatization identifies biological adaptations that lessen physical strain (e.g., heart rate and body temperature), improved comfort and protection of vital organs from heat injury. (U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) manual on heat acclimation, Pub.-July 2012) • Heat acclimatization speaks directly concerning a certain environment, (e.g., a desert, jungle or the arctic.) Acclimatization to similar environments really improves comfort levels and ability to be active. (U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) manual on heat acclimation, Pub.-July 2012) None of us can control snow, rain or wind, but we can train our bodies to adapt better, perform better and be less stressed. Humans can employ very similar techniques when acclimating to extreme environments, both hot and cold. Acclimation occurs in direct response to an ever changing environment. Acclimatization is the specific physiological changes which occur. Capillaries open wider to allow for more warm blood to enter in cold climates. Blood is redirected in heat to better more efficiently cool our bodies. Even psychological changes occur in this transition. We begin feeling less stressed by extreme temperatures and we begin emotionally feeling that “maybe it is not so hot/cold after all”. Our perceptions effect our...
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...as survival and perseverance. But the main theme shown in both is "in the wild, there are many factors which determine one's chances of survival." The two main characters go through similar events in their respective stories. The two men go through conflict of man vs. nature and are in comparable settings. In TFB an unidentified main character travels through extremely cold weather in order to make to his camp site. The grey also takes place in the north, a terrible storm causes their plane to crash in the frozen wilderness. It is significantly cold in TFB: “Fifty degrees below zero meant 80 degrees of frost. Such facts told him that it was cold and uncomfortable, and that was all.” Both males understand what such cold weather can do, although one shows it more than the other. Another problem with nature they encounter is the animals they must deal with. Ottway (Liam Neeson) and the other men encounter wolves multiple times while in TFB he knows killing the dog will provide him with warmth. They all show perseverance even with the many conflicts they must deal with. The men must endure the extreme cold temperature in order to survive. Snow was one of the main parts of the settings. With both stories set in the frozen wilderness the men acknowledge how to use their surroundings in order to survive. For example in TBF he realizes he could use the dog in order to help him stay in warm until he can build a fire. In The Grey the group uses left over supplies from the plane in...
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...The wolf was surely known for being quite brash and stupid. This wasn't any different than all the other times he had put himself in danger. Nothing about running towards the storm wasn't a Kyler thing to do except maybe that he hated snow but somehow he knew this wasn't snow. Snow clouds don't look like that. Not for second though had he thought to think, 'well golly gee, what if I blooming die?!" For a person afraid of death he was really bad at decreasing his chances of kicking the bucket. In fact, he had almost killed himself about 10 times since this winter. The icy gusts of wind blew through his pure white pelt. Gradually the pieces of ice got bigger and a few knocked Ky in his thick head. A wild flash of lightning striked a large column of stone next to him as he ran by. Kyler smiled smugly at this still running at a pretty fast pace. As if the avatars themselves were telling him to stop temping "fate" lightning strikes directly right by Ky, the wolf somehow not being electrocuted by the flash. He would've beamed at this too if it wasn't for the fact that it caused him to tumble. In the least graceful way he fell to the ground rolling straight towards a stranger in the field. He was put off course though by another pillar that he scraped the side of his face with. The abrasion wasn't very big but it was bleeding a bit. It hadn't knocked him out but it certainly would start hurting. He slowly came to a stop by the deer-like lady just as she finished her cry for help. He...
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...winter because of the snow and Christmas? Summer and winter have few similarities, yet many big differences. The first big difference between summer and winter is the weather. In the summertime it is usually warm and sunny and fun to be outside. You can go swimming, to the beach, sum bathe, go boating, and all of those fun summer activities everyone looks forward to. In the wintertime most people think of coldness, but you can still have fun. You can go ice skating, sledding, and skiing. In the winter you see a lot about car accidents do to the messy weather, but in the summer you don't so much. Many people hate winter, because it is so cold and miserable. The cold temperatures and weather can greatly affect your mood and emotional habits. It's the time of year when people are reporting feeling depressed because of the dark, cold winter months. The less sunlight, the more down people feel. Another thing is that you don't have school in the summer. You can enjoy a great amount of free time and do pretty much whatever you want. In the wintertime everyone is going crazy over Christmas, shopping, and traveling to see relatives. Summer is a very lazy and relaxed enjoyable season. Winter is more hectic and busy, and there sometimes are family conflicts because of this holiday season. Although winter is a very hectic and stressful season, it's great to get together with family and friends and enjoy the spirit of the season. In the summer, you can also visit family and friends...
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...I’M THE KING OF THE CASTLE In the part where starts from page 79 “Outside, it was queer” and finishes with p.82 “then swung the satchel on to his back”, the writer uses a various techniques to convey an atmosphere of fear and mystery. In the beginning of the paragraph, there is a sense of fear mixed with mystery; “queer”, “yew trees”, “like closed eyes”. “The yew trees” also symbolize death and darkness while the simile “like closed eyes” symbolizes the innocence of the Warings, contrasted to the truth and reality, which is how horrible Warings is. It can also mean that he’s getting away from the darkness he has previously been in. “shuttered” and “blank” are the examples of the powerful vocabulary that are used to convey this tense atmosphere, to support this idea of fear and contrast to what Warings actually symbolize. The use of the short sentences, such as “He turned away”, helps the reader to wonder what will happen next while conveying a sense of fear and mystery. The “grey mist seeped damply through his clothes” has a powerful effect on the reader as it shows that the mist, which symbolizes Kingshaw’s thoughts are taking over his clothes, which is basically Kingshaw, himself. The fact that “he could not see very far ahead” because of the mist shows the reader that Kingshaw can’t see his future as well, as he’s lost in his “mist”, thoughts. The reminder of the crow incident makes the reader shiver while feeling pity for him as it comes up in his memories. The word “followed”...
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...Flour Beetles Inhibition of flour beetle egg-hatching via refrigeration Abstract A demonstration of the scientific method is presented. Samples of flour are stored at various temperatures to determine if cold storage inhibits flour beetle egg hatching. Introduction I received a bread machine one year for Christmas. I never seem to have yeast, flour, eggs, and extra add-ins like caraway seeds or whole-wheat flour all fresh and available in my kitchen at the same time. One day while at the grocery store, I stopped and bought some baker’s yeast so I could make some bread. I knew I had flour, eggs, garlic and rosemary at home; so with the purchase of yeast I would be all set to make some foccacia bread – my favorite. I got home and proofed the yeast, started the bread by mixing an egg, oil and water, and then measured out the flour. As I poured the flour into the machine I noticed some dark specks. When I took a closer look, I found that the specks were actually bugs! Gross! Where the heck did those bugs come from? Am I such a lousy housekeeper that my cabinets are filled with bugs? It turns out that the bugs in the flour are flour beetles. The eggs may already be in the flour when you buy it at the store (Lewis et al., 1997). If you leave the flour at room temperature for a long enough time, with enough warmth and humidity, the eggs will...
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