...Fireflies are familiar, but few realize that these insects are actually beetles, nocturnal members of the family Lampyridae. Most fireflies are winged, which distinguishes them from other luminescent insects of the same family, commonly known as glowworms. There are about 2,000 firefly species. These insects live in a variety of warm environments, as well as in more temperate regions, and are a familiar sight on summer evenings. Fireflies love moisture and often live in humid regions of Asia and the Americas. In drier areas, they are found around wet or damp areas that retain moisture. Everyone knows how fireflies got their name, but many people don't know how the insects produce their signature glow. Fireflies have dedicated light organs that are located under their abdomens. The insects take in oxygen and, inside special cells, combine it with a substance called luciferin to produce light with almost no heat. Firefly light is usually intermittent, and flashes in patterns that are unique to each species. Each blinking pattern is an optical signal that helps fireflies find potential mates. Scientists are not sure how the insects regulate this process to turn their lights on and off. Firefly light may also serve as a defense mechanism that flashes a clear warning of the insect's unappetizing taste. The fact that even larvae are luminescent lends support to this theory. Females deposit their eggs in the ground, which is where larvae develop to adulthood. Underground...
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...standard error was 0.9728 (Figure 2). A comparative t-test was performed and from it the t-value, degrees of freedom, and p-value were determined. The t-value, for two-tailed distribution, was 2.20099, the degrees of freedom was 11, and the p-value was 0.00033 (Figure 1). DISCUSSION: Our hypothesis was accepted because the female bean beetles preferred to lay eggs on the beans without eggs rather than the beans with eggs already on them; therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected, because the p-value, 0.00033, was less than 0.05. This research is important because it tells us more about the ovipositional preferences of the female bean beetles. Larvae can’t move from the egg which is deposited, so the bean determined the future food resources that is available for their offspring, which would affect the the influence of the growth or reproduction; therefore, minimizing competition of resources between the offspring. It also important to know how if intraspecific competition will severely limit the rate of a population and there has been little published research done on this concept. In a similar experiment, the behavior of bean beetles was observed as well. The data also shows scramble competition, both in terms of the process of competition and its outcome. Their results showed that the more larvae per cowpea, the less emergence weight of the female...
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...Name: Yolanda Sanchez Lab Activity 11 – Aquatic Biodiversity (Macroinvertebrates) NSCI 102 In this activity, you will learn about how samples of macroinvertebrates found on stream bottoms can be analyzed to determine water quality. Macroinvertebrates are organisms with no backbone that are visible without using a microscope. Crayfish, aquatic snails, and the larvae of aquatic insects are examples of stream-bottom macroinvertebrates. Macroinvertebrates are an important link in the aquatic food chain. They feed upon algae and leaves that fall into the stream and are eaten by larger consumers, such as fish. Macroinvertebrates are useful for studying water quality because some of them cannot survive in polluted waters, while others thrive. Since stream-bottom macroinvertebrates do not generally move very far within a stream, they are excellent indicators of long-term pollution trends. Levels of pollution may vary over time, so a one-time chemical analysis of the water may not provide an accurate picture. However, if pollutants are common in a stream, the macroinvertebrates found there will primarily be the ones that are tolerant of poor water quality. In addition, macroinvertebrates are relatively easy to collect, so analyzing this community can be used to get an initial indication of water quality to see if additional chemical tests are necessary. Materials needed for this lab: - Handouts: Stream Sample A, Stream Sample B, Macroinvertebrate Key ...
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...Does anyone like slimey scaley creatures of all shapes and sizes? If so one might want to look into to a career of herpetology. There are several things one needs to do before becoming a herpetologist. They mainly help the population of reptiles and amphibians. There are a ton of places to work if one becomes a herpetologist. A herpetologist works to keep the population of reptiles and amphibians steady there is a lot of things one has to do before becoming one there are plenty of places to work after one becomes a herpetologist. A herpetologist is someone who studies reptiles and amphibians. There are lots of requirements to become a herpetologist. To become a herpetologist one needs at least four years of college in biology with courses...
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...THE GAMBIA COLLEGE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH COURSE: EHS 311: INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT TOPIC: LADY BEETLE Presented by: Omar ceesay GC # 214426 Submitted to: LECTURER: Mr. Fabakary minteh DATE: 9TH MARCH 2015 Lady beetles, also known as “ladybugs” or “ladybird beetles”, are familiar insects. They belong to phylum arthropod and family of Coccinellidae. Some 70 species are native to Colorado and about 10 to 12 additional species have established during the past century. Adult Lady Beetles are round and small (1-10 mm) long. This paper gives a comprehensive overview of the morphology and the economic importance of the lady beetle. The morphology look into the size, shape and the colour of the above insect, while the life cycle look into the various stages of the development from the egg to the adult. Under the economic important, it look into its impact on human, on agriculture and its medical impact as well. It went further to look at the types of lady beetle and its habitat as well as some of the preventive measures in controlling and managing them. Key words: lady beetle, pest, Coccinellidae ...
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...Mealworms are the larvae stage the darkling beetle and because of this they are not really worms. The mealworms are golden brown in color and they like to live in dark and moist environments. They also can be very commonly found in homes near the stored grains (Iowa Insect Information Notes, 2005). It is commonly known that these organisms feed on organic matter, but they are also notorious for being found in a home where a family keeps its grains. Mealworms were used for this experiment because they are inexpensive to obtain and produce lots of offspring so we can use them for a bigger sample size to obtain better results in our experiment. What interests me about these bugs is that this experiment could possible help us get a better understanding...
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...|Got a Bake Sale? Tropical Crunch Bars are Perfect | |2 yellow or butter cake mixes | |4 eggs | |1 C vegetable oil | |2 8 oz pkgs cream cheese, softened | |1/2 C sugar | |4 T crushed pineapple | |5 T shredded coconut | | | |Heat oven to 350 degrees F. | |In a bowl, mix the cake mixes, 2 eggs, and oil. The dough will be slightly crumbly. | |Press half of the dough into a 13×9 baking pan. ...
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...Ingredients: | Cookies 2 cups whole-wheat flour 3/4 cup water 1/4 cup peanut butter 3 tsp. molasses Few dashes ground cloves Couple dashes cinnamon Topping Yogurt chips Candy decorating bag | Directions: | 1. Mix all ingredients to form dough. 2. Roll out dough to approximately a 1/2" thickness. 3. Use a variety of cookie cutters to cut out shapes. 4. Bake at 350 degrees F. Go about 30 minutes for less-crunch cookies; up to 45 to 50 minutes for crunchier cookies (depending on your pooch's taste). 5. Let cookies cool. 6. Using a microwave-safe candy decorating bag, melt yogurt chips to desired consistency for decorating (Bardy uses defrost mode and kneads it in the bag in increments). 7. Clip the tip off the end of the bag and decorate away – drops, stripes, squiggly lines – use your imagination! | | | Homemade Dog Treat Recipe Fido's Favorite Treats 1 cup rolled oats 1/3 cup margarine or butter 1 cup boiling water 3/4 cup cornmeal 1 tablespoon sugar 2 teaspoons chicken or beef instant bullion 1/2 cup milk 1 cup shredded cheddar cheese 1 egg, beaten 2 cups white or wheat flour Preheat oven to 325 degrees.Grease cookie sheets. In large bowl combone rolled oats, margarine and water; let stand for 10 minutes. Sitr in cornmeal, sugar, boullion, milk,cheese and egg. Mix well. Add flour 1 cup at a time, mixing well after each addition to form stiff dough. On floured surface, knead in remaining flour until...
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...Honey-Butter Cookies Ingredients [pic] • 1 1/4 cups whole-wheat pastry flour, (see Note) • 1 cup all-purpose flour • 1 teaspoon baking powder • 1/2 teaspoon salt • 2/3 cup plus 1/4 cup honey, divided • 1/3 cup canola oil • 4 tablespoons unsalted butter, at room temperature, divided • 1 large egg • 1 teaspoon vanilla extract • 3 tablespoons toasted sliced almonds, (see Tip) for garnish Preparation 1. Add whole-wheat flour, all-purpose flour, baking powder and salt; stir until just combined. Beat 2/3 cup honey, oil and 3 tablespoons butter in a mixing bowl with an electric mixer on medium speed until well combined. Add egg and vanilla and beat until blended. Add the wet ingredients to the dry ingredients; stir to combine. Refrigerate the dough for 1 hour. 2. Preheat oven to 350°F. Coat 2 baking sheets with cooking spray or line with parchment paper or nonstick baking mats. 3. Roll tablespoons of dough into 1-inch balls and place on the prepared baking sheets about 2 inches apart. Press the tip of your index finger in the center of each cookie to make an indentation. Bake the cookies, in batches, until set and barely golden on the bottom, 13 to 15 minutes. Transfer to a wire rack; let cool for 30 minutes. 4. Combine the remaining 1/4 cup honey and 1 tablespoon butter in a small bowl until creamy. Use about 1/4 teaspoon to fill each cookie and top with 2 sliced almonds, if desired. Tips & Notes ...
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...literature: The Baking Industry Research Trust (BIRT) is a sub-committee of the New Zealand Association of Bakers (NZAB), delegated the responsibility of administering the Trust Account. The Trust Account was set up to meet the requirements of the Wheat Industry Research Levies Act 1989 and to identify and make recommendations to the NZAB Executive. The NZAB Executive has legal responsibility for administering the Trust, and other levy payers on research projects. The BIRT committee is made up of representatives from the various levy paying sectors. These include plant bakers, small bakeries represented by the Baking Industry Association of New Zealand (BIANZ) (Baking Society) and biscuit manufacturers, as well as the Chair of the New Zealand Flour Milling Industry Research Trust. The two sectors frequently combine on research projects. Copies of completed research reports are available to all levy payers and BIRT would encourage all industry members to take advantage of research conducted on their behalf. Since the formation of the Trust in 1989, a key aspect of the Trust’s work has been to ensure that the research conducted is appropriate for the Industry sector the Trust represents. Consequently in addition to having representatives from all sectors, the trust has also conducted a number of strategy workshops in which industry personnel have outlined the research framework for the Trust to follow. The framework developed has provided the Trust with some clear guidelines but the...
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...onion, and the optional fish cakes and hard boiled eggs. The stock will be about 2 ½ cups. Stir gently with a wooden spoon when it starts to boil. Keep stirring until the rice cake turns soft and the sauce thickens and looks shiny, which should take about 10 -15 minutes. If the rice cake is not soft enough, add more water and continue stirring until soften. When you use freshly made rice cake, it takes shorter time. If you use frozen rice cake, thaw it out and soak in cold water to soften it before cooking. Remove from the heat and serve hot. Fried squid Ojingeo twigim 오징어 튀김 Cut a dried squid into bite size with scissors and soak it in cold water for 1 hour Beat 1 egg white until it foams and add ½ cup of starch powder, ½ cup of flour, ½ ts of salt, and ½ cup of cold water and mix it to make batter Drain the squid and dry it with paper towel and add 2 tbs of starch powder and mix it Pour vegetable oil in a pan and dip each piece of squid into the batter and fry it twice Popcorn Chicken Gizzards Ingredients: Chicken gizzards, salt, ground black pepper,...
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...Running Head: THE LITTLE RED HEN The Little Red Hen The Little Red Hen The Myth The Russian folktale of The Little Red Hen is a story about a hard-working hen who wants to make bread. The hen and her farm animal friends decide that they would like to enjoy a delicious loaf of bread. The hen reaches out to her farm animal friends and asks them if they would like to help her in the process of harvesting, threshing, milling the wheat into flour, and finally baking the bread. She asks each of the animals’ individually, but none of them wish to help her in her efforts of making the bread in which they all would like to enjoy. When the bread is finally ready to eat, she asks her friends, “Who would like to help me eat the bread?” Well of course, now all of the farm animal friends are ready to participate in this action. However, the hen denies her friends any bread because they could not help her in all the steps it took to get the bread made. The hen enjoys the bread alone because she feels that the farm animal friends are not deserving of having any of the finished product if they could not contribute in all of the work it took to make the finished product. The Lesson The lesson attached to this folktale is obvious. If you are not willing to put in an honest day's work, then you will go hungry; literally and figuratively in this case. It is basically a folktale to teach work ethic and initiative. It is actually quoted in the bible, “If any man will not work, never let...
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...Amy’s Bread Case Study Elements 1.) The primary case participants are: Amy Scherber, owner of Amy’s Bread Toy Kim Dupree – manager of Amy’s Bread who is very involved in day to day operations and decision making. 2.) The organization is Amy’s bread. The industry is baked goods. 3.) The problems facing this organization in order of importance are: the existing workload is too great for space making product expansion impossible. They are at a threat of having customers turn away if they cannot provide the service. The location offers poor access to distribution and is a poor location for retail traffic should the organization try to move more toward sector. The employees face physically demanding challenges from the bread making techniques. Due to these techniques more employees are needed resulting in high overheads. Employees have also been facing allergies and health problems as a result of a long time of exposure to the product. 4.) The most critical problem is that the existing workload has reached its maximum capacity for the space they have, and product expansion is impossible for the current location. This is the most significant problem because without adequate space the company will not be able to meet current customer’s needs nor will be able to meet the needs of potential new customers. 5.) The initial cause of the problem was that banks would not loan money to this new business without a proven track record so Amy had to get what she...
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...cakes are made by vegetable which is healthy as well as tasty. Rainbow bakery cakes is totally new to the market which has such has huge possibility to capture the market. Carrot and raisin cake with chocolate Ingredients • 200g puff pastry • 100g fresh carrot • Apricot jam, for glazing • 70g toasted hazelnuts finely chopped • Edible spring flowers, for decorating For the carrot and raisin filling • 120g golden raisins • Rum, for soaking • 320g beaten egg or roughly 4 eggs • 100g ground almonds • 150g grated carrot • 40g plain flour For the iced carrot • 100g sugar • 400ml water • Sliced carrots For the chocolate rum sauce • 250ml water • 400g sugar • 130g cocoa powder • 250g whipping cream • 70ml glucose • 20ml rum Spiced pumpkin muffins with cream cheese frosting Ingredients • 225g self-rising flour • 1 tsp bicarbonate of soda • 1 tsp ground ginger • 150ml sunflower oil • 150ml soured cream • 225g caster sugar • 2 large eggs • 125g piece pumpkin or butternut squash, coarsely grated • 75g walnut pieces, chopped Parsnip and fruit loaf cake Ingredients 1. 200g mixed dried fruit 2. 4 tbsp...
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...The purpose of this experiment is to figure out who sabotaged Luigi’s cake with a mystery substance. The way we did this was by testing the multiple mystery powders to see there reactions to vinegar, iodine, and heat. The vinegar tests for the presence of acid, the iodine tests for the presence of starch, and heat to test for burning point. The items needed to complete this lab are a Bunsen burner, tin foil, plastic film, iodine, vinegar, baby powder, baking powder, baking soda, flour, corn starch, and powder sugar. I believe that toad sabotaged Luigi’s cake because no one suspects the toad. 1) You need to gather all the materials. Including mystery substances 1-6 2) Put mystery powder 1 on the plastic film in two piles, and test its reaction to vinegar then to iodine. Repeat this for mystery powders 2-6. 3) Record results 4) Make 6 small bowls out of the tin foil to hold the mystery powders. 5) Connect the Bunsen burner hose. 6) Turn on the gas and light with a striker. 7) Hold the tin foil bowls with the mystery powders in them with tongs, and then move the bowls over the flame for 20 to 30 seconds. 8) Record results Observations Vinegar Iodine Heat A White powder, Blue tint No Fizz No reaction Burned around edges B White powder, fine, clumps together Fizz Reaction Smokes, burns edges C fine powder, clumps Fizz No reaction No heating reaction D clumps, yellow tint, soft No Fizz Reaction Very quick reaction, Flames E very soft, very fine No Fizz Reaction Caught...
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