...marketing through revenue and advertising budgets. Budgets also help to coordinate and implement plans. They are the chief devices for disciplining management planning. Without budgets, planning may not get the front-and-center focus that it usually deserves. Introduction to Management Accounting: Chapters 1-17, Fourteenth Edition, by Charles T. Horngren, Gary L. Sundem, William O. Stratton, David Burgstahler, and Jeff Schatzberg. Published by Prentice Hall. Copyright © 2008 by Pearson Education, Inc. Performance reports provide feedback by comparing results with plans and by highlighting variances, which are deviations from plans. For example, managers of the Starbucks store evaluate the effectiveness of its advertising plan by comparing the increase in revenue and profits to the increase in advertising. Based on their evaluation, managers at Starbucks make corrections and revisions to their plans. 2) ETHICS IN ACCOUNTING References Cristina,...
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...Code of Ethics Comparison Abstract This paper is a comparison between the codes of ethics of the American Counseling Association (ACA) and the American Association of Christian Counselors (AACC). This paper aims to present the similarities and differences between the two codes of ethics. There are two main sections on this paper. The first section presents the general similarities and differences of the two codes of ethics. The second section presents the similarities and differences of the two codes of ethics on three specific areas: Confidentiality, Sexual Intimacies and Informed Consent. The author used the codes of ethics of both organizations in the process of comparing and contrasting. The general comparison reveals that the codes of ethics of the two organizations apply to the same profession but they differ in the foundation upon which their codes of ethics were crafted. The comparison on three specific areas reveals similarities in contents but differ in depth and details. Introduction The code of ethics is the heart and soul of any business or professional organization. This code of ethics sets the standard to which all business or professional activities of all of its members are measured. This code is the ultimate guide on how members of the organization should act in connection with the performance of their duties and obligations. Likewise, it is the basis upon which disputes can be settled or decisions are to be made. This is the protection of each member...
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...OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT 1.1 Outline the steps involved in Benchmarking. Introduction Benchmarking is the process of measuring an organisation’s internal processes then identifying, understanding and adapting outstanding practices from other organisations considered to be best – in – class. The essence of benchmarking is the process of borrowing ideas and adapting them to gain competitive advantage. It is a tool for continuous improvement, for e.g the Ministry of Civil Service and Administrative reform initiatives and maintains links with other organisations at national and international levels, so as to keep track of latest development in public management practices. BENCHMARKING CONCEPT Benchmarking is a way to go backstage and watch another company’s performance from the wings where all stage tricks and realignments are visible. This can be illustrated as follows: What is our performance level? How do we do it? What are others performance levels? How did they get there? Creative Adaptation Adapted from the Benchmarking Concept : Institute of Industrial Engineers (Page 208), 1995. Breakthrough Performance Benchmarking involves setting standards for business operations based on the best practice that can be found. For example, a business targeting rapid and significant growth may choose comparisons with an established market leader. The term “benchmarking” emerged when the idea took ground in US during 1980s when Xerox, Ford...
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...Contact UsIf you have a physical location, provide brief directional information, such as highways or landmarks:[Street Address] [City, ST ZIP Code] Phone: [Telephone]Email: [Email address]Web: [Web address] | | [Company Name][Street Address] [City, ST ZIP Code] | | | | | Ethical Issues when researching in health and social care | | | [Company Name][Subtitle] | | Table of ContentsOverview of Programs 1Getting Started 2What to Include 2Focus on What You Do Best 2Don’t Forget the Mission 3Make It Your Own 4Customize in Almost No Time 4Make It Picture Perfect 4Our Products and Services 5 | | | | | | | Why should ethical issues be followed and why are they important? Ethics issues in research are important because they should be considered in order to protect the safety of those involved in the study. In this way, a participant’s information will not be shared to anyone and will be kept confidential. The ethical issues should be followed so that it doesn’t harm a person nor do they become in danger. For example: There is a danger that in the rush to produce new drugs and achieve profits. Ethical corners may be cut. If company profits are in conflict with ethical protocols, there is a temptation to cross the ethical line. Why should ethical issues be followed and why are they important? Ethics issues in research are important because they should be considered...
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...Analysis of Ethical Corporate Culture between 2013 and 2015 Group 6: Michelle Delgado Lok Sum Lydia Fung Chau Nguyen ACCT 415 Dr. James Gong 5/14/2015 Executive Summary In business, leaders, managers, and employees face conflicting incentives, messages and pressures from multiple stakeholders. Conflict of interest is said to occur when a professional’s self interest offers an incentive that mitigates his or her judgment against the best interest of the corporation or its customers. In turn, most professionals are unaware of their unethical progression because they are blindsided by internal motivation and expectations. It has been proclaimed that the most important job of the board of directors is hiring the right CEO, causing most boards to fail to notice unethical behavior in someone they do not wish or expect to find it. In fact, research suggests that it is usually difficult to report wrongdoing in an organization because most employees believe the same and fear retaliation, rejection, or disbelief from corporate leaders. Ethical principles will often offer advice for procedures and norms that can reinstate ethical concerns before unforeseen behavior damages an enterprises culture or reputation. In general, ethical systems are designed to improve the ethical behavior within an organization. To do so requires examining the interaction of many factors and forces in a working environment - which were investigated (analyzed) in this report. Executives...
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...factors is management least likely to be able to change? A. The organization's members. B. The organization's structure. C. The organization's environment. D. The organization's technology. Answer (C) is correct. REQUIRED: The factor management is least likely to be able to change. DISCUSSION: The environment of an organization consists of external forces outside its direct control that may affect its performance. These forces include competitors, suppliers, customers, regulators, climate, culture, pol technological change, and many other factors. The members are a factor that managers are clearly Answe~(A) is incorrect. factor that managers are incorrect. The organiz I are clearly able to change. organization's technology' able to change. 2. Lack of skills, threats to job status or security, and fear of failure all have been identified as reasons that employees often A. Want to change the culture of their organization. B. Are dissatisfied with the structure of their organization. . C. Are unable to perform their jobs. D. Resist organizational change. Lack of skills, threats to job status or re inhibit changes in the culture of the (8) is incorrect. Lack of skills, threats to job status . rity, and fear of failure are not symptoms of dissatistacjion with the structure of the organization. Answer (C) is iORprret1. Lack of skills, threats to job status or security, and featot failure do not indicate an inability to perform. . ~.,:,~. A. B. C. D. \~~ nswer (A) is correct. REQUIRED:...
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...Unit 1 - Assignment #1 China’s Tainted Baby Milk Powder: Rumored Control of Online News 1. Yes, there was damage to Baidu.com’s reputation. The rumors made the company’s information appear unreliable. By the rumor of the company being paid off for both not disclosing information and by ad placements, in the way that paid ads are listed pages before unpaid ads. The placement of ads also gives way that companies could pay for ad placement. 2. Future reputational damage could force the company into bankruptcy if the public’s trust is completely lost. How the company is view could be measured by how my hits the site would continue to get. If the public believes the information is unreliable, the hits to the sight would decrease. If a decrease happens, it is highly likely that the need for the company will not continue to exist. Because of the rumors of the omission of information and ad placement, the public could question the reliability of the information that is on their site. Once the public’s trust is completely lost, recovery is difficult. 3. Baidu.com will have to overcome the rumor of how they were said to have accepted payments for withholding a company’s information from on-line searches. They will have to disclose all of their financial records. This is done in an effort to make the company financial activities as transparent as possible and display that they are confederate in their financial activities. This will aid the company in regaining...
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...encouraging and producing an ethical organization. Ethics refer to the moral standards set that enables an individual to tell what is right from wrong and what is good and bad. In today’s organizations, the importance of the code of ethics is more prevalent than ever. Code of ethics consists of various factors such as being honest, building trust, and upholding the ethical standards. Organizations that exercise ethical codes not only feel that it is a way to portray a positive image to the stakeholders, but also because it highlights its own organizational virtues and values. It is believed that such culture could cultivate and encourage more ethical behavior for the employees in the organization (Stevens, 2008).Code of ethics are also used to articulate the restrictions for the organization, and to set a benchmark of what is acceptable and unacceptable, boosting responsibility, and conveying the standard expectations demanded from the employees as well as the leaders in the organization (Stevens, 2008).The ethical codes can be described as an effective tool to promote ethical behavior in the organization(Stevens, 2008).However, researchers have came up with reports that hints that the practice of ethical codes are unproductive and they have failed to create an impact in an employee’s behavior(Stevens, 2008). One of the studies suggested that ethical codes are not suitable and were ineffective especially in IT firms due to the misuse of codes, as it largely functioned as a control system...
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...Professional Development for Engineers in Ontario Do We Need It? Ecor 4995: Professional Practice Section A The rapidly increasing growth rate of the human population has more than doubled in the past 50 years. Despite the rapid growth, after the twenty first century the growth rate is increasing at a much more desirable rate, however at a time like this society faces many more challenges than ever before. Accommodating for sustainability and creating economical designs must be ensured. This is the challenges professional engineer’s face on a daily basis, an engineer is a person who applies their knowledge in the sciences and mathematics to design and provide services required for the publics need. Engineers are abided by the code of ethics and section 77 of regulation 941 states that all licensed engineers act with the following statement “knowledge of developments in the area of professional engineering relevant to any services that are undertaken; and competence in the performance of any professional engineering services that are undertaken” [1]. Continued professional development, is a learning tool for professional to stay current and maintain their knowledge and skills related to their professional lives [7]. On the basis that an engineer’s work is to provide development for society, the Professional Engineer of Ontario should mandate a professional development program to ensure that engineers remain competent throughout their professional careers. Current practices...
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...Financial Trend Comparison For each of the five ratio categories: Liquidity, Asset Utilization, Profitability, Debt Utilization, and Market Values, write a paragraph regarding the trend and implications about the future financial health of the company. Liquidity: The company has very strong ratios helping the company to do well. Dell’s current ratio and quick ratio are at 1.47 and 1.40 respectably, this similarity between one and the other is a reflection of their very low inventory compared to the amount of sales that the company has, also influencing the net working capital ratio of only 0.23. At first sight the current liabilities to inventory ratio of 15 might seem a bit high, although the denominator of the current liability to inventory ratio is inventory and it is really low. It’s really hard to compare the company to the industry average because there is no other company that handles its inventory like Dell does. The company’s operation ratio expense is 12.64, way below compare to their industry do to their very low inventory. Assets Utilization: Asset utilization is vital to the success of an organization, the way assets are used within the organization is their biggest and strongest strategy making Dell a leader in its industry. A reflection of this strategy is their impressive inventory turnover ratio of 45.45. Unlike the industry average low numbers on the rest of the asset utilization ratios such as fixed assets turnover, total assets ratio and...
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...Business Ethics Across Cultures Article Review XMGT/216 Business Ethics Across Cultures Article Review The first article I reviewed was titled Islamic finance: Notion of stewardship imbues business ethics. The author discussed the global economic crisis of 2008 in Islam. He reviewed how the lack of training of Islamic employees in ethics contributed to the economic crisis. Several of the ethical lapses that occurred during the ethical crisis were caused by risk also known as gharar and gambling. Both gharar and gambling are banned by Islamic law (Smith, 2012). The author argues that religious beliefs not limited to Islam can influence more responsibility within a business’s leadership. Omneya Abdelsalam, the director of the El Shaarani Research Centre for Islamic Business believes the belief of god and his power brings an acute level of accountability and responsibility (Smith, 2012). The suggestion of Dr Abdelsalam is that the belief of religion has a direct power of the way individuals conduct business. Islamic businesses primary ethical perspectives are to fulfill social responsibility of the business to the best of its capabilities, have fair treatment for employees, care for the environment and customers, and fulfilling the obligation toward shareholders and other stakeholders (Smith, 2012). Challenges faced by Islamic businesses are the views of tangible assets and some principles. Cedomir Nestorovic, a professor of Islamic business and management states that...
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...examined and the ethical challenges faced when using this form of counseling. Group therapy is often times described as one of the most effective and beneficial kinds of treatment. It is believed that because all members in the group share similar issues, contributions from the other members are valuable to the individual. This form of counseling brings together individuals with similar issues and it allows people to see that they are not alone. There are other people who may be experiencing or going through the same issues. According to Jacobs, Masson, Harvill, & Schimmel (2012), “Any helping professional who is looking for an economical and effective means of helping individuals who share similar problems and concerns should use groups” (p. 2). Knowing that other people have some of the same issues can also be comforting to someone who might not have access among their own family and friends to people with the same issues. Group therapy usually consists of a minimum of 3 people to 10 people (or more) and the sessions can last between one and two hours for one or two days a week. Some counseling groups last for a specific period of time while some other groups have an undefined period of time that they last. In forming a group, there...
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...ENGR 482 – Engineering Ethics 1st Response Paper Rought Draft Modernization: Friend or Foe? Engineering Gender Trends in Qatar By Karim Yacout Aggie Honor Code “On my honor, as an Aggie, I have neither given nor received unauthorized aid on this academic work” For many years gender discrimination between men and women in Engineering has been the converse of many authors and researchers; each trying to search for a reason for its continuation and possible ways to decrease the existing gender gap. The purpose of this paper is to propose a new approach to understand and limit gender discrimination in Engineering. The approach consists of three components if they are present they will help decrease gender gap in Engineering. These components are a strong economy that is driven by the need for engineers, a culture that encourages and supports the development of women in engineering, and lastly the abundance of engineering opportunities. In this paper I will be using Qatar as a case study for my arguments because I believe that Qatar managed to include all three components and the results showed a real decrease in gender gap in engineering. Strong Economy Many studies have been carried out by authors arguing that economic gender inequality is likely to decline with economic growth. Numerous arguments believe that gender discrimination in employment and wages involves extra costs for companies, but in the presence of an economic growth that would limit it (Cuberes...
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...Review of Accounting Ethics Dr. ACC 557: Financial Accounting May 22, 2013 Table of Contents 1.0 Corporate ethical breaches in recent times. 3 2.0 Accounting ethical breaches and their impacts 3 2.1 The Scandal of Enron 3 3.0 Organizational ethical issues and the management failure 5 4.0 Breach of the accounting practices and its impacts 5 5.0 Recommendations by the CFO 6 6.0 References 8 1.0 Corporate ethical breaches in recent times. Ethics is an important aspect of business in today’s enironment. Sometimes management ignores or leaves to state laws to govern the code of ethics within a company. Companies have faced a lot of issues regarding ethical situations in modern times. According to Baker (2012) contrary to the popular belief of the recent global financial crisis resulting from failures of accounting ethics, he argues that there is not enough evidence to support this connection. 2.0 Accounting ethical breaches and its impacts Breaches of the accounting ethical policies have become a source of concern for the firms today. The proper application of IFRS and GAAP standards is vital for each firm. In recent years as more scandals have come into the spotlight firms have taken more and more internal measures in addition to the policy making at the governmental level to ensure breach of consumers’ trust and laws does not take place in the future. There has been a tremendous increase in the interest in accounting ethics (Cowton, 2013). 2.1 The Scandal of Enron...
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...Reporting Practices and Ethics Paper HCS405 Reporting Practices and Ethics Paper Introduction The ethics and financial reporting of a company or corporation go hand in hand. It is easy to try and find any way to be financially successful. That is why there are accounting principles, ethics, and elements utilized to help ensure that a company can stay at a high level of ethics. One article discusses how companies with high levels of ethics tend to be more successful than those that do not have a high level of ethical standard. Ethics play a large part in the financial management of a company. Elements of Financial Management The first element of financial management is planning. Planning consists of upper level management setting forth what needs to be done for a facility to come out in the ‘green’ and break even or have a profit. This plan should also have details on how to do it on top of the objectives. Planning is needed so that a company knows what it wants and the route they plan to take to get to where they want. The next element is controlling. Controlling is where upper level management does a checks and a balance by comparing past financial reports to current ones to see that the financial objectives and goals are met. This can help to narrow down exactly which departments are in need of assistance to meet their goals. If a company has kept accurate and detailed financial reports it is more likely that the company can heavily rely on these reports to help...
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