...| Corporate Entrepreneurship | Strategic Management II | | MDI Gurgaon | 8/9/2014 | | Group 8 13P131 Ashir Madaan 13P168 Shivang Gupta 13P170 Shweta Verma 13P172 Siddharth Gautam 13P174 SK Armaan Sarkar 13P175 Sohan Shetty Contents Executive Summary 3 1. Introduction 4 2. Corporate Entrepreneurship 5 3. Google & Corporate Entrepreneurship 5 4. Strategies followed by Google 5 4.1 Involvement of top leadership 5 4.2 Project Kennedy 5 4.3 Launch & Iterate 5 4.4 Lead Users 5 4.5 Leveraging employees for fostering innovation 5 4.6 TGIFs & FIXITS 5 4.7 Googlegeist 5 4.8 Google Moderator 5 4.9 Google X & Moonshot mentality 5 4.10 Recruitment policy 5 5. Google’s eight pillars of Innovation 5 6. Results 5 7. Issues faced by Google with respect to Corporate Entrepreneurship 5 8. Conclusion 5 9. References 5 Executive Summary Corporate Entrepreneurship is a concept in Strategy whereby companies in order to trigger innovation in their organization tap into the entrepreneurial ability of its employees. The process of innovation can vary and methods are different for mature organizations and young organizations. In this project we have tried to review the how corporate entrepreneurship is employed in Google to innovate its products and services. As Google is a young...
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...business growth, taking into account the important effects of previous motives and feedback from earlier performance. We hypothesize that small business managers’ growth motivation has a unique influence on firm outcome measured as growth in sales and in number of employees. Data were gathered from two different Swedish samples of small firms using telephone interviews. Using cross-lagged regression analysis, we find support for our hypotheses when examining employment growth, but only partial support when examining sales. Introduction The psychological construct of motivation has an important role to play in entrepreneurship research. As stated by Shane, Locke, and Collins (2003, p. 257): “We believe that the development of entrepreneurship theory requires consideration of the motivations of people making entrepreneurial decisions.” One of the areas in entrepreneurship where motivation is potentially of great importance relates to firm growth. There is research to suggest that growth is one of the most important outcomes of entrepreneurial efforts because it indicates the degree of success of that effort (Bhidé, 1999; Venkataraman, 1997), and effort exerted is closely related to the individual’s motivation (Davidsson, Delmar, & Wiklund, 2002). Research examining the link between growth motivation and growth appears to support this view as it finds a positive relationship between growth motivation and growth (e.g., Baum, Locke, & Kirkpatrick, 1998; Baum, Locke, & Smith, 2001; Kolvereid...
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...See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/229781501 Knowledge Based Resources, Entrepreneurial Orientation, and the Performance of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses, Strategic Management Journal, Jg. 24, S. 1307-1314 ARTICLE in STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT JOURNAL · DECEMBER 2003 Impact Factor: 3.78 · DOI: 10.1002/smj.360 CITATIONS READS 574 4,455 2 AUTHORS: Johan Wiklund Dean A. Shepherd Syracuse University Indiana University Bloomington 92 PUBLICATIONS 5,206 CITATIONS 189 PUBLICATIONS 7,587 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Available from: Johan Wiklund Retrieved on: 06 November 2015 Strategic Management Journal Strat. Mgmt. J., 24: 1307–1314 (2003) Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/smj.360 RESEARCH NOTES AND COMMENTARIES KNOWLEDGE-BASED RESOURCES, ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION, AND THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES JOHAN WIKLUND1 * and DEAN SHEPHERD2 1 Center for Entrepreneurship and Business Creation, Stockholm School of Economics, Stockholm, Sweden and Jonkoping International Business School, ¨ ¨ Jonkoping, Sweden ¨ ¨ 2 Leeds School of Business, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, U.S.A. and Jonkoping International Business School, Jonkoping, Sweden ¨ ¨ ¨ ¨ While theory suggests that management has discretion in manipulating resources in order to build ...
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...Venture Capital and Private Equity Contracting This page intentionally left blank Venture Capital and Private Equity Contracting An International Perspective Douglas J. Cumming Associate Professor and Ontario Research Chair, York University – Schulich School of Business, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Sofia A. Johan Senior Research Fellow, Tilburg Law and Economic Centre (TILEC), Tilburg, The Netherlands AMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON • NEW YORK • OXFORD PARIS • SAN DIEGO • SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier. 30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA 525 B Street, Suite 1900, San Diego, California 92101-4495, USA 84 Theobald’s Road, London WC1X 8RR, UK Copyright © 2009, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier's Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone: ( 44) 1865 843830, fax: ( 44) 1865 853333, E-mail: permissions@elsevier.com. You may also complete your request online via the Elsevier homepage (http://elsevier.com), by selecting “Support & Contact” then “Copyright and Permission” and then “Obtaining Permissions.” Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication...
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...Customer Clusters as Sources of Innovation-Based Competitive Advantage Vishal Bindroo, Babu John Mariadoss, and Rajani Ganesh Pillai ABSTRACT The authors examine the effect of customer clusters on a firm’s innovation. They argue that knowledge leveraged from customer clusters can help the firm develop innovations. The authors specifically concentrate on the effect of a firm’s geographical proximity and diversity of customer clusters on innovation outcomes. In addition to showing the importance of customer cluster proximity on firm innovation, they explore the effect of customer cluster heterogeneity on innovation in an international marketing environment. They test the theoretical model using multicountry data (N = 288) drawn from the U.K. innovation survey implemented by the Economic and Social Research Council, which collected the data across five European countries. Theoretical constructs operate largely as hypothesized and explain a substantial proportion of the variation in the different innovation outcomes tested. Keywords: radical innovation, customer cluster, cluster heterogeneity, proximity, innovation speed I nnovation is frequently acknowledged as the source of organizational renewal and growth, the primary source of competitive advantage (Porter 1990), and central to marketing strategy (Varadarajan and Jayachandran 1999). Because innovation is linked to superior financial performance and survival ability of firms (Agarwal, Cockburn, and McHale 2006), creating...
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...Practices: A Literature Review Kavitha W * and Anita P ** Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is now prominent and evident more than ever due to the emphasis laid on businesses regarding environmental, social and ethical issues. The level of CSR activities of the firms is made known to public only through the disclosures. This paper reviews the literature on CSR disclosures and the effect of these disclosures. There are various factors which determine the extent of disclosures like the size of the firm, industry, high visibility, etc. Introduction Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is now prominent and evident more than ever due to the emphasis laid on businesses regarding environmental, social and ethical issues. This is because over the recent years, there have been social, political and economic pressures on corporate management to pay attention on social and environmental consequences of corporate activities. These pressures motivated the corporate management to actively participate in a wide range of social welfare activities. CSR now-a-days covers almost all issues like the use of child labor; inequality of employment; environmental impact; involvement in local community; products’ safety; company cultures; brand image and reputation. Apart from this, companies are now disclosing these activities in their annual reports, and one of the parameters to judge the performance of a company is CSR reporting. Corporate Social Responsibility CSR is defined by Naylor (1999)...
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...managers in meeting their responsibilities for selecting, deploying, training, appraising, rewarding, relating to and retaining human resources. Learning Outcomes: On completing the module, students are expected to be able to: • Explain the contribution of the HR function to corporate strategy; • Discuss the processes of recruitment, assessment and selection; • Outline activities involved in developing human resources and facilitating learning; • Explain the link between rewards, motivation and performance; • Critically evaluate the changing employment relationship, assessing the role of trade unions and other forms of employee involvement. Module Content: • History of the HR function, theories and models of HRM; • The roles and responsibilities of stakeholders in HRM; • The changing nature of work, managing diversity, technology and flexibility; • Human resourcing: recruitment and selection, human resource planning; • Reward and performance management; • Employee relations, employment legislation, the legal framework for unionism; • Human resource development; managing learning, knowledge and change; • The integration of HR and corporate strategy. Teaching Format: One 2-hour lecture per week; Three 1-hour tutorials. Assessment: • Group coursework assignment (40%); • Individual written coursework assignment (60%). Text(s): Beardwell, J. and...
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...Swimming with Sharks: Technology Ventures, Defense Mechanisms and Corporate Relationships Riitta Katila Stanford University Jeff D. Rosenberger Nomis Solutions Kathleen M. Eisenhardt Stanford University This paper focuses on the tension that firms face between the need for resources from partners and the potentially damaging misappropriation of their own resources by corporate “sharks.” Taking an entrepreneurial lens, we study this tension at tie formation in corporate investment relationships in five U.S. technology-based industries over a 25-year period. Central to our study is the “sharks” dilemma: when do entrepreneurs choose partners with high potential for misappropriation over less risky partners? Our findings show that entrepreneurs take the risk when they need resources that established firms uniquely provide (i.e., financial and manufacturing) and when they have effective defense mechanisms to protect their own resources (i.e., secrecy and timing). Overall, the findings show that tie formation is a negotiation that depends on resource needs, defense mechanisms, and alternative partners. These findings contribute to the recent renaissance of resource dependence theory and to the discussion on the surprising power of entrepreneurial firms in resource mobilization.• A central question in organization and strategy research is how firms gain resources (Penrose, 1959; Thompson, 1967). In response, researchers have identified several approaches...
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...The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/0268-6902.htm MAJ 23,4 The impact of government and foreign affiliate influence on corporate social reporting The case of Malaysia Azlan Amran School of Management, University Science Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia, and 386 S. Susela Devi Faculty of Business and Accountancy, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Abstract Purpose – This paper seeks to investigate the influence of government and foreign affiliates, particularly; multinational companies on corporate social reporting (CSR) development in an economy, where CSR awareness is low coupled with weak pressure group activism. Design/methodology/approach – This is a cross sectional study that focuses on the information contained in the annual reports for year 2002/2003. This research uses content analysis as method to measure the extent CSR. Findings – Based on regression analysis, the study evidences on the impact of government influence. However, the impact of foreign affiliation variables is not evident. Institutionalisation of the government’s aspirations and commitment to CSR is perhaps the most appropriate description for Malaysian CSR practice. Research limitations/implications – There are two main limitations of this study. Firstly, this study examines the annual reports for one year. Secondly, this study is annual reports centric. It does not examine any other stand alone reports that the respondents might...
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...definition of entrepreneurship and the entrepreneurial process that spans lifestyle to high potential ventures. 2. Examined the practical issues you will address and explore throughout the book. 3. Learned how entrepreneurs and their financial backers get the odds for success in their favor, defYing the pattern of disappointment and failure experienced by many. 4. Examined the Timmons Model of the entrepreneurial process, how it can be applied to your entrepreneurial career aspirations and ideas for businesses, and how recent research confirms its validity. Demystifying Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship is a way of thinking, reasoning, and acting that is opportunity obsessed, holistic in approach, and leadership balanced. 1 Entrepreneurship results in the creation, enhancement, realization, and renewal of value, not just for owners, but for all participants and stakeholders. At the heart of the process is the creation and/or recognition of opportunities, 2 followed by the will and initiative to seize these opportunities. It requires a willingness to take risksboth personal and financial-out in a very calculated fashion in order to constantly shift the odds of success, balancing the risk with the potential reward. Typically, entrepreneurs devise ingenious strategies to marshall their limited resources. 1 Today, entrepreneurship has evolved beyond the classic startup notion to include companies and organizations of all types, in all stages. Thus, entrepreneurship can occur-and...
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...Journal of International Business Studies (2012) 43, 84–106 & 2012 Academy of International Business All rights reserved 0047-2506 www.jibs.net Multinationals and corporate social responsibility in host countries: Does distance matter? Joanna Tochman Campbell1, Lorraine Eden1 and Stewart R Miller2 1 Department of Management, Mays Business School, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA; 2Department of Management, College of Business, University of Texas at San Antonio, USA Correspondence: JT Campbell, Department of Management, Mays Business School, Texas A&M University, 420 Wehner Building, 4221 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-4221, USA. Tel: þ 1 979 845 4851; Fax: þ 1 979 845 9641 Abstract Prior studies have found that foreign affiliates of multinational enterprises (MNEs) suffer from liability of foreignness (LOF). Foreign affiliates may be able to improve their social legitimacy and overcome LOF by demonstrating social commitment to host-country constituents through corporate social responsibility (CSR). If LOF is positively related to the distance between the home and host countries, and CSR activities confer social legitimacy benefits on foreign affiliates, we should expect CSR activities and distance to be positively related. However, we argue that, despite this potential motivation, foreign affiliates from more distant home countries are in fact less likely to engage in host-country CSR. Our argument focuses on the ways in which distance affects the MNE’s...
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...The Effects of Working Capital Management on Firm Profitability A study examining the impacts of different company characteristics Authors: Hampus Björkman & Micael Hillergren Supervisor: Lars Lindbergh Student Umeå School of Business and Economics Spring semester 2014 Degree project, 30 HP Abstract Many argue that there is a trade off between profitability and liquidity. However, many studies have found that the profitability can increase with an efficient Working Capital Management. Correctly allocating cash flows to where and when it is needed increases liquidity and simultaneously increasing profitability. The purpose of this study is to develop the research on the relationship between Working Capital Management and profitability by investigating how it is affected by different company characteristics. A quantitative method was applied with philosophical stances in objectivism and positivism and deductive theory was used to approach the subject. From the theoretical framework, five hypotheses were established and statistically tested in order to answer our research question. The first hypothesis was formulated to confirm previous research, while the remaining two aimed at providing both a theoretical and practical contribution to existing knowledge. The thesis centers on the Cash Conversion Cycle, a metric of how fast a company turns purchased products into profit, with Gross Profit Margin as the measure of profitability. The...
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...919 660 7769 1 Abstract This paper empirically studies determinants of decision by companies to offshore innovation activities. It uses survey data from the international Offshoring Research Network project to estimate the impact of managerial intentionality, past experience, and environmental factors on the probability of offshoring innovation projects. The results show that the emerging shortage of highly skilled science and engineering talent in the US and, more generally, the need to access qualified personnel are important explanatory factors for offshoring innovation decisions. Moreover, contrary to drivers of many other functions, labor arbitrage is less important than other forms of cost savings. The paper concludes with a discussion of the changing dynamics underlying offshoring of innovation activities, suggesting that companies are entering a global race for talent. Journal of International Business Studies (2009) 40, 901–925. doi:10.1057/jibs.2008.92 Keywords: offshoring; innovation; product development; global talent; co-evolution; survey Received: 27 June 2007 Revised: 5 August 2008 Accepted: 6 August 2008 Online publication date: 7 May 2009 INTRODUCTION Outsourcing of manufacturing activities to low-cost...
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...THE JOURNAL OF FINANCE • VOL. LX, NO. 4 • AUGUST 2005 Private Equity Performance: Returns, Persistence, and Capital Flows STEVEN N. KAPLAN and ANTOINETTE SCHOAR∗ ABSTRACT This paper investigates the performance and capital inf lows of private equity partnerships. Average fund returns (net of fees) approximately equal the S&P 500 although substantial heterogeneity across funds exists. Returns persist strongly across subsequent funds of a partnership. Better performing partnerships are more likely to raise follow-on funds and larger funds. This relationship is concave, so top performing partnerships grow proportionally less than average performers. At the industry level, market entry and fund performance are procyclical; however, established funds are less sensitive to cycles than new entrants. Several of these results differ markedly from those for mutual funds. THE PRIVATE EQUITY INDUSTRY, primarily venture capital (VC) and buyout (LBO) investments, has grown tremendously over the last decade. While investors committed less than $10 billion to private equity partnerships in 1991, they committed more than $180 billion at the peak in 2000 (see Jesse Reyes, Private Equity Overview and Update 2002). Despite the increased investment in the private equity asset class and the potential importance of private equity investments for the economy as a whole, we have only a limited understanding of private equity returns, capital f lows, and their interrelation. One of the main obstacles...
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...Personnel Review HR outsourcing: threat or opportunity? Jeroen Delmotte Luc Sels Article information: To cite this document: Jeroen Delmotte Luc Sels, (2008),"HR outsourcing: threat or opportunity?", Personnel Review, Vol. 37 Iss 5 pp. 543 - 563 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00483480810891673 Downloaded on: 27 September 2014, At: 02:58 (PT) References: this document contains references to 65 other documents. To copy this document: permissions@emeraldinsight.com The fulltext of this document has been downloaded 10667 times since 2008* Users who downloaded this article also downloaded: Jean Woodall, William Scott#Jackson, Timothy Newham, Melanie Gurney, (2009),"Making the decision to outsource human resources", Personnel Review, Vol. 38 Iss 3 pp. 236-252 John Hindle, (2005),"HR outsourcing in operation: critical success factors", Human Resource Management International Digest, Vol. 13 Iss 3 pp. 39-42 Peter Brown, (2010),"The power of HR outsourcing", Strategic HR Review, Vol. 9 Iss 6 pp. 27-32 Access to this document was granted through an Emerald subscription provided by 131740 [] For Authors If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.com Emerald...
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