...I am a psychology major here at WOU and in this paper I decided to evaluate a History major with Criminal Justice. More specifically the history of punishment and the criminal justice system. Over the years it has changed majorly in many different countries. In the medieval times a thief could often get his hand chopped off as a punishment for thieving and in the very beginning of our country if someone was suspected of witchcraft then they could be burned at the stake or drowned in the river as a punishment. Luckily we have adapted and recognize the rights everyone deserves as a human being. We have gone from unsanitary dungeons to tightly kept prison cells. As society changes so does the view on what is an acceptable punishment and what...
Words: 1183 - Pages: 5
...|[pic] |Syllabus | | |College of Criminal Justice SSecurity Security | | |CJS/220 Version 4 | | |The Court System | Copyright © 2011, 2009, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description This course is an introduction and overview of the legal system, the participants, the courtroom process, and post-conviction process of the court system. It demonstrates the connections among participants and how they relate to each other. Additionally, the course covers the history of the court system and the different types of court at the state and federal levels. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the...
Words: 2497 - Pages: 10
... CJS 200 Foundations of the Criminal Justice System Course Start Date: 08/01/2011 Group ID: AAGR0Z9835 Facilitator: Lee Rankin Copyright Copyright © 2011, 2010, 2009, 2007 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. University of Phoenix® is a registered trademark of Apollo Group, Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Microsoft®, Windows®, and Windows NT® are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. All other company and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Use of these marks is not intended to imply endorsement, sponsorship, or affiliation. Edited in accordance with University of Phoenix® editorial standards and practices. ------------------------------------------------- Course Description This course is an introductory overview of the organization and jurisdictions of local, state, and federal law enforcement, judicial and corrections agencies, and processes involved in the criminal justice systems. It examines the historical aspects of the police, the courts, and the correctional system, as well as the philosophy. Additionally, career opportunities and qualifying requirements, terminology, and constitutional limitations of the system will also be covered. ------------------------------------------------- Course Topics and Objectives Week One: The Criminal Justice System 1 * Define crime and...
Words: 3639 - Pages: 15
...Changes in the Aboriginal Justice System through Colonialism Austin Jamieson 11153678 Native Studies 107 Ron Laliberte November 20, 2013 Aboriginal justice system has gone through many changes throughout history. This has mostly been because of Colonialism. Its presence is highly noticed in the formation of cultures and their ways, as well as in the elimination of others cultures and their ways. Colonialism has affected Aboriginal culture in several ways; however, a significant area that has been affected is the traditional Aboriginal justice system. Aboriginal communities had their own sense of justice and punishment prior to the arrival of the Europeans in Canada, Aboriginal communities lost their traditional means of sentences to the implementation of European corporal punishment. In the Western concept of justice, the system punishes the offender through a process of trying to make the offender conform, often locking them away to protect society from the dangers that offender brings to those around them. Aboriginal systems (which varying) try to focus on restoring the peace and harmony of the community. The concept is meant to use the justice system to bring equilibrium into the offender and community, as balance is necessary for kinship and relationships to flourish. Elders within Aboriginal communities began to bring many of these traditional correction techniques back into society to fix the growing numbers of criminal offenders throughout the country nearing...
Words: 2423 - Pages: 10
...Female Offenders: is Chivalry Dead? Intro: In the last two decades, there has been a definite shift in the leniency of sentencing female offenders in the criminal justice system. It has been suggested the shift turning to harsher, more severe punishments is due to more female practitioners in the criminal justice system which subsequently reduced the chivalry hypothesis. The aim of this paper is to provide a review of the literature and empirical research regarding past and present studies of female offenders, the chivalry hypothesis, the differences in male and female convictions, and to answer the enduring question: Is chivalry dead? While this paper does not incorporate all of the literature available, it does offer a good snap shot of many pertinent studies conducted regarding these topics and the issues pertaining to them. Female Offenders Then and Now Over the years, the empirical evidence supporting the position that women offenders are treated less harshly than their male counterparts has been at best inconsistent. (Burnett, 1994: Coombs, 1995: Denno, 1994: Johnson & Nagel, 1994: Klein & Kress, 2014). The writers of these studies used a variety of theses to explain the leniency. Some suggested women are treated with chivalry and thus given lighter sentences for similar offenses created by men. While others suggested the leniency was due to the majority of females in the court system are first time offenders. In 1994, Kathleen Davy published Gender...
Words: 2560 - Pages: 11
...Criminal law in Australia is generally administered by individual jurisdictions in each state. Current studies have shown a rise in criminal crime over the period of 5 years from 2010. But how are juvenile offenders being accounted for in the Justice System? Similar to criminal law the state and territory governments are responsible for dealing with children and young people who are involved in crime. Although each state and territory has its own legislation, policies and practices, the general processes by which young people are charged and sentenced and the types of legal orders available to the courts are similar. However by the time youth are 17 and 18, most Australians are focused on finishing school and planning the next stage in their...
Words: 965 - Pages: 4
...is based on established guidelines to maintain trust and peace. Our early history was marred with civil unrest and growing crime. In 1965 President Johnson “officially launched the establishment of the President’s Commission of Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice” (Hendrix, 2013, p. 7). Much of the law enforcement practices we use today are “closely modeled after British counterparts” (p. 116). As stated in our “Biblical Principles of Criminal Justice” article, “the more self governing we are … the more freedoms we will possess” (Fisher, 2015, slide 20). There have been many enhancements made to our modern law enforcement, such as the use of DNA, fingerprints and scientific technology. The Courts: 1 Corinthians 6:1states, “If any of you has a dispute with another, do you dare to take it before the ungodly for judgment instead of before the Lord’s people?” (NIV). Originally courts were the established location to gather the most up to date information on events in the local communities. Additionally, the court “served as a meeting place for religious services, dances … as well as fulfilling its primary function as a place for the dispensation of justice” (Hendrix, 2013, p.199). As the towns grew larger, the role of the courts became more specialized to meet the needs of justice. This separation has not always produced the desired results. Our justice system is a work in progress; we must have faith that although the process...
Words: 413 - Pages: 2
...| Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation | Stephanie Conley | CJA/394 | | 2/20/2012 | Alan Hazen | Criminal Justice Trends Evaluation The criminal justice system is set within our society for a way to protect individuals from people that are trying to harm him or her. The reasons for these laws are to protect all persons from others who could intentionally or potentially do harm them. The two works together to try to meet the same end result to protect the innocent and punish the guilty. Society has people who continuously choose to evolve. Society continues to change and as well as their perceptions, this is responsible for the trends that take place in our society and within the criminal justice system. This paper will attempt to assess the previous, current, and imminent trends in the criminal justice system. This paper will attempt to evaluate and identify recent and future trends, and contemporary issues that the criminal justice system is faced with. The criminal justice system is viewed as a system that presents a harsh existence. Some view the system to be too lenient. There are many people who believe that the criminal justice system has been judged to be one sided. Criminal justice has had trends that have taken place for many centuries. A major issue within the criminal justice system which has had many trends and this is capital punishment. Capital punishment has always existed in the criminal justice system. And it was...
Words: 1293 - Pages: 6
...key weapon that prosecutors have to use at there disposal for being mindful for criminals who have followed threw on court mandated conditions and give them simple sentences. There are many paths to alternative prosecution and the first path is Diversion. According to (The courts and criminal justice America) textbook, Diversion refers to any number of informal or programmatic methods of steering offenders out of the criminal justice system. Diverson path comes in four different versions in the criminal justice system. Examples of Diversion in the criminal justice is a traffic court judge allowing a driver to not be charged for a violation due to the driver having a clean history. Another example...
Words: 1066 - Pages: 5
...Running head: DETERRENCE IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE 1 DETERRENCE IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE 2 Deterrence in Criminal Justice The theory of deterrence says that punishment for a crime will dissuade people from committing crime. There are two types of deterrence : general deterrence and specific deterrence. General deterrence is defined by Siegel (2011) as “a crime control policy that depends on the fear of criminal penalties, convincing the potential law violator that the pains associated with crime outweigh it's benefits.” (p. 95). In other words, general deterrence uses the punishment of one person's crime to teach the rest of society that this is what will happen to you if you commit this crime or any crime like it. It is meant to scare others so that they will not commit crime. Siegel (2011) defines specific deterrence as “the view that criminal sanctions should be so powerful that offenders will never repeat their criminal acts.” (p. 99). This form of deterrence is geared at stopping the offender from re-offending by making their punishment as harsh and unpleasant as possible. Today in society, the main concern with the criminal justice system is deterrence. The question is, what types of deterrence do we currently use and do they work? In this paper, we will overlook a few forms of deterrence that are currently used in the American Criminal Justice System. The most frequently used form of deterrence is imprisonment. This is also the oldest form of deterrence...
Words: 1621 - Pages: 7
...when kings and queens ruled the people in our nation's history. Although, then due process may have simply been constituted by shouting of, "Off with his head!” While the term may easily be defined and summarized in a book, the actual concept of due process has changed quite dramatically as generations have progressed. Even with the provision of due process in the Bill of Rights, due process laws were only applied in the federal processes. The states were not required to comply with due process until 1866, when the Fourteenth Amendment was adopted. At that time, people felt that it was necessary for the Constitution to require due process because slaves had been denied any facade of it for such a long time. Many due process decisions of the Supreme Court have been issued since that time in our history, but due process has always been and will probably remain a heavily discussed area in law enforcement, courts, schools, legislative processes, and other areas of criminal justice. It seems as though for each individual person, due process means something different. One major problem that has seemingly always surrounded due process is how to extend the rights deserved by the public without interfering with the obligations of a government. Many people wonder why issues such as this are being raised now, at this present time in history. Nonetheless, since questions like this do arise daily in our criminal justice system it is important to be familiar with...
Words: 2060 - Pages: 9
...Comparative Criminal Justice Essay 1 The goal of comparative studies is to extend a person’s knowledge of people and cultures beyond his or her own groups. Some comparative scholars have a better understanding of their own society and of ways that society might be improved. When thinking about research in comparative justice, there are two questions that we should ask ourselves; what is it that we want to compare? What are the strategies of comparison or the perspectives of comparison? There are issues and problems that when comparing you have to deal with both internal and external to the system of criminal justice. There are multiple perspectives that are to be used: historical, systematic, relativistic, and cultural perspectives. First is the Historical perspective, which is the perspective of understanding the history and the evolution of criminal justice. Before the rise of the nation states in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, most of the world societies were ruled for centuries by different monarchies, kingdoms, and colonial powers. China, Asia, Africa, and Latin America, all had some kind of historical or traditional law. As for China they were under a traditional law that demanded that any offender must confess and voluntarily surrender. But this somewhat changed when the Qing law was reinforced, this caused the obligations to change by making provisions for alternative sentencing for those who surrendered and by lengthening the limitations...
Words: 1383 - Pages: 6
...The theme of this book is individual-rights verses public-order, specifically; the rights guaranteed by the constitution to criminal suspects and law abiding citizens need to be upheld and defended. On the public-order side of things, the needs of communities to be protected from unlawful and/or harmful behavior must be recognized as well. These two sides have opposing groups: individual-rights advocates and public-order advocates. Individual-rights advocates focus on just that. They make sure the rights of citizens and suspects are both upheld (like the right to a speedy trial and bail). Public-order advocates are there to make sure that the public (communities) are also protected from unacceptable behavior... Describe the American experience with crime during the last half century. What noteworthy criminal incidents or activities can you identify during that time, and what social and economic conditions might have produced them? The American experience with crime during the last half century has been especially influential in shaping the criminal justice system of today. Although crime waves have come and gone, some events during the past century stand out as especially significant, including a spurt of widespread organized criminal activity associated with the Prohibition years of the early twentieth century; the substantial increase in “traditional” crimes during the 1960s and 1970s; the threat to the American way of life represented by illicit drugs around the same time;...
Words: 3401 - Pages: 14
...and Ethnicity This paper will discuss the female gender in the criminal justice system profession as victims and perpetrators of crimes, with analyzing and researching gender and how it adds to the challenges in the profession. There has been a change from the time that women entered into the criminal justice profession to today. In 1845 women were known as police matrons and their job was to monitor and assist female inmates(CriminalJusticeSchoolInfo.com, 2015) Today we know these as correctional officers who still complete the same tasks by monitoring and assisting female inmate’s. It was not until 1908 that a women took the title of a female police officer (CriminalJusticeSchoolInfo.com, 2015). Through history women who wanted to enter into the profession fought for opportunities and went through struggles for women’s equality. Today female correctional officers have the same equal rights as male correctional officers. They complete the same tasks and their job descriptions are equal to one another. Both genders oversee victims and perpetrators in the criminal justice system. In prison settings both female and male inmates were housed together. It was not until 1891 when the New York when a female was assaulted by a male that they began to separate the male and female gender (CriminalJusticeSchoolInfo.com, 2015). This is one challenge that is faced being either the victim or the perpetrator in the justice system. When you are imprisoned for the crime that you have committed...
Words: 513 - Pages: 3
...Criminal Justice Trend Evaluation Terry Milton CJA/394 June 25, 2012 James Beeks Criminal Justice Trend Evaluation To keep up with the criminal problems in society, functions and components of the criminal justice system has to evolve in order to be able to detect and keep up with growing trends in society. New laws need to be created to help keep up with the evolution and its new trends. In this paper the evaluation of past, present, and future trends that connect to societies and the components of the criminal justice system will be discussed. It will also assess the recent and future contemporary issues that affect the criminal justice system. The purpose of this paper is to show that the criminal justice system has a major role in an ever changing society. Recent and future trends have always and will always affect the criminal justice system. New trends in technology, law, terrorism, gender and diversity will always effect the functions of the criminal justice system. Technology in the 21st century is one of the legal issues that have caused controversy. New technology devices such as hand geometry biometrics and the use of retina and iris devices have the ability to gain information not only on people’s health but also their medical history as well. When it concerns the criminal justice system, many of these new technology devices are being used to detect drugs and concealed weapons that are sneaked into prison facilities. They help prevent illegal activities...
Words: 1723 - Pages: 7
