...com/downloads/cja-423-week-1-assignment-disparity-discrimination/ For More Courses and Exams use this form ( http://hwguiders.com/contact-us/ ) Feel Free to Search your Class through Our Product Categories or From Our Search Bar (http://hwguiders.com/ ) Every day in life there’s Discrimination. Depending on the situations discrimination could be portrayed to as an intentional discrimination or a form of disparity. Hatred, violence, strong emotions and feelings is a worldwide issue that is cause by Disparity. Both terms have similarities and difference that will be explained further. “Disparity and discrimination are sometimes confusing and can cause heated debates concerning if discrimination exists in the criminal justice system. Discrimination comes in many forms and has seriousness levels. Disparity refers to a difference but does not always involve discrimination. To determine if discrimination exists in the criminal justice system or if the differences are a result of disparity one must fully understand the key differences between disparity and discrimination” (Williams, 2009, p. 1). TO Download Complete Tutorial Hit Purchase Button CJA 423 week 1 Assignment Disparity and Discrimination Get Tutorial by Clicking on the link below or Copy Paste Link in Your Browser https://hwguiders.com/downloads/cja-423-week-1-assignment-disparity-discrimination/ For More Courses and Exams use this form ( http://hwguiders.com/contact-us/ ) Feel Free to Search your Class through Our Product...
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...Criminal Justice System Our criminal justice system today is very complex. To begin with, crime should be defined in a simple matter in order to analyze the process of the criminal justice system and it’s relationship to the law. According to CJi Interactive (2011) in University of Phoenix website, crime can be defined as “ conduct in violation of the criminal laws of the state, the federal government, or a local jurisdiction, for which there is no legally acceptable justification or excuse”. Also explained by Cji Interactive (2011), the website explains how there is different ways or models of how people define criminal acts. Those models would be legalistic and sociological. The legalistic model states that a crime is made once there is already a law that prohibits such behavior. The sociological explains that an act against social rules is a crime because it threatens the order of society and could encourage harmful acts that disturb our human rights. Government structure is also a big part of our system. Our government uses the federal, state and local agencies to prevent crime. These agencies are structured by three components: the police, the courts, and corrections. Every single one of these components plays a huge part on handling crime in our country. As explained in the website www.Ehow.com (2012), first, the police departments throughout the United States work to enforce the law, maintain order and help citizens in need. Next, the court systems seek truth and...
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...different options of community corrections that exist. I will give my personal opinion on whether I think there are better solutions to the current parole process, probation system, and the community corrections options. Rehabilitation Rehabilitation is a form of punishment that really started to develop in 1945. This was the era known for using treatment, therapies, and education for criminals. Rehabilitation is act of restoring criminals to a proper state so they can be an active participant in society upon release from prison. According to “Wikipedia” (2013), “The assumption of rehabilitation is that people are not permanently criminal and that it is possible to restore a criminal to a useful life, to a life in which they contribute to themselves and to society” (para. 1). This is very important for criminals that are mentally ill, or have some medical issues. Sometimes criminals need treatment and education to assist them with getting and staying on the right path. A path for success and renovation. Parole Parole is an extension of a criminal’s punishment. Parole allows a prisoner to escape from the walls of prison into the civilian world while participating in some form of community service as a condition of their parole. Parole, according to “Bureau of Justice Statistics” (2014), “Refers to criminal offenders who are conditionally released from prison to serve the remaining portion of...
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...Disproportionate Minority Contact in Juvenile Justice System Statement of the Problem or Objective Youth of color have been overrepresented in the American juvenile justice system. Youth of color are more often arrested, court referred, placed in lock facilities, and transferred to adult criminal courts. Analysts attribute the unique age- and race-specific crime pattern to the confluence of broader structural changes including the deindustrialization of cities, the racial concentration of poverty and single-parent households, and the inner-city crack cocaine epidemic. In turn, media depictions of gang and gun violence by minorities—‘‘if it bleeds, it leads’’—fanned public fears and provided political impetus to ‘‘criminalize’’ more youths and punish them as criminals and to adopt more-punitive juvenile justice policies. Despite the lack of standardization in data collection and analysis, 32 of the state jurisdictions studied reported that race=ethnicity effects existed independent of criminal record offense involvement, whereas 12 states attributed DMC solely to legal factors. The proposed study contribute to our understanding of crime and policy response to crime. Youth of color make up 78% of those in the juvenile justice system. Literature Review & Theoretical Perspective Mallett and Stoddard Stated that African American youths are 6 times more likely than white youths to experience facility placement. Vazsonyi and Chen stated that even though there are a lower...
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...Student Name: Alfonzso Daggett Professor: Grace Telesco Course: Proseminar in Criminal Justice (CRJS300-1501-AVNVA) Date: January 21, 2015 There are three main components of the criminal justice system. The three components are Polices, Courts, and the Correctional Agencies. All three components are well defined by the American Criminal Justice System. I will give the three primary function of the justice system and also two examples of each one of them will be explained. The main goal of the criminal justice system is to enforce the laws, maintain public order and protect individuals from injustice, and even from the hands of the criminal justice system. The governing officials are polices that are in charge of regulating and implementing laws within the communities, they are charged with regulating laws, control, and keeping order with all of the power invested in them. The police are to enforce the laws, investigate all crimes that are committed, arrest criminals, maintain peace and order reduce crimes and also prevent crime, and most of all ensuring the communities safety. The Television shows Cops and the movie Bad Boys are two examples of policing. Cops are a show that displays real life like examples of crimes that are being committed in our society every day. Cops are a positive image displayed by police agencies across the world. It tells how the offender or offenders commit the crime or crimes and how they...
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...Jail and Prison Paper Tara Frost CJA/204 June 15, 2015 Christopher Cannon Jail and Prison Paper Have you ever wondered about the types of prisons or the major differences between selected jails and selected prisons? Have you ever wondered about the aspects of jail and prison culture and subculture? Why do jails play an important role in the criminal justice system? What is the role of community-based corrections programs associated with jails and prisons? Did you know that violent behavior occurs in jails and prisons? Do you know what the role of probation and parole are? Well, this paper will answer all of those questions for you. By the end of this paper, you will understand a lot better about jail and prisons. Types of Prisons Prisons are grouped into two categories, which are state and federal (Schamelleger, 2011, p. 466). According to Schamelleger (2011), there are six types of prisons (p.468) One type of prison is high-security prison for long-term, high-risk offenders (Schamelleger, 2011, p. 468). There is one or more medium-security institution for offenders who are not high risks. There is even one institution for adult women (Schamelleger, 2011, p. 468). There are one or two institutions for young adults (generally under age 25) (Schamelleger, 2011, p. 468). According to Schamelleger (2011) there is also, one or two, specialized mental hospital-type security prisons for mentally ill prisoners (p.468). The last type of prison, is one or more, open-type institutions...
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...The Criminal Justice System is made up three components that follow each other; the police, the courts and corrections. The criminal justice system has the responsibility of obtaining law violators and giving out a reasonable punishment for crimes that are committed. The criminal justice system also has the duty of protecting the innocent and making sure those that are offenders are treated with fairness, not only by the law enforcement but by the courts and correctional institutions. According to (Schmallger, 2009, page7 of Criminal Justice Today) crime is defined as: the conduct in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, or local jurisdiction for which there is no legally acceptable justification or excuse. Justice is defined as: the principle of fairness; the ideal of moral equity. We can start of by saying crime is law’s wife, they go hand and hand know matter which way you put it. When a crime is committed it is a one hundred percent chance that a law has been broken. In the criminal justice system when a crime is committed the first component that has a part is the police. Law enforcement has the responsibility of the investigation and arrest. Majority of the time the crime has to be investigated, so that law enforcement has enough evidence and probable cause to charge the person in question. Sometimes when a crime is committed the police get there in enough time to catch the criminal before he or she can leave the scene. Once enough sufficient...
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...In 1976, a scholar on crime and justice by the name of Guenther offered a compelling assessment of the state of the criminal justice system. The argument he presented is one in which the criminal justice system came to reflect a system that was inherently “unfair, harsh, and biased”. From the perspective of Guenther, this system could no longer be considered a Criminal Justice System and instead should be viewed as a Criminal Processing System. Upon further analysis, it can be found that The criminal justice system is unfair, harsh, and biased because of the relationship between social, economic, and political isolation, the politicalization of crime, and perceptions and stereotypes. The criminal justice system must be accountable, transparent,...
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...Punishment and Sentencing CJA 224/Introduction to Criminal Court Systems March 26,2012 Abstract This paper will explain and identify the various punishment philosophies within the juvenile court and its processes. Also the adult court process will be explained how they differ with the punishment philosophies. In addition, the sanctions involved, various legal factors associated with sentencing, and the aspects of the appeals will be explained. There are four punishment philosophies which include: deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation, and retribution. The goal of each philosophy is to deter crime, however each approach is different. The purpose of deterrence is to prevent crime by persuading individuals not to commit crimes because they have been punished for violating the law. For example, “when people decide not to park in a handicapped space because they have been fined or do not want to be fined, they have been deterred from illegal activity” (Meyer & Grant, 2003). There are two types of deterrence: general and specific. Specific deterrence is when criminals are deterred from future crimes because they have been punished. At whatever time convicted criminals state they want to avoid returning to jail, specific deterrence is in effect. General deterrence is when the community or people in general are deterred because they know criminals are punished. For example, when driving a vehicle, it is known not to speed or a ticket will be issued; to...
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...paper will analyze the current trends and the impact incarceration has on communities of color and how criminal justice policy and practice plays a role in this. According to the Justice Department’s Bureau of Justice Statistics, out of a total population of 1,976,019 incarcerated in adult facilities, 1,239,946 or 63 percent are black or Latino, though these two groups constitute only 25 percent of the national population. Some of the greatest racial disparities in rates of incarceration happen in states in which minorities are massed in urban areas, which tend to have both higher rates of crime and greater law enforcement activity. This paper will also discuss how these incarcerations affect the offenders, public safety, criminal policies and procedures. Racial Disparities in Corrections There are many factors regarding the disproportional rates of incarceration in communities of color. Data generated by the U.S. Department of Justice predicts that if current trends continue, one out of every three black males born today will go to prison in his lifetime, as well as one of every six Latino males. The rates of incarceration for women overall are lower than for men, but similar racial/ethnic disparities still apply. Some law makers are looking at ways to develop policies and practices to reduce insupportable racial disparities in the criminal justice system, it is essential to analyze the factors that have produced the increasing levels of incarceration in...
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...executive director of the Equal Justice Initiative gave a ted talk titled “We Need to Talk About an Injustice”. In that talk, he discussed the current condition of the American criminal justice system and the issue of mass incarceration. He stated that “we have a system of justice in this country that treats you much better if you're rich and guilty than if you're poor and innocent. Wealth, not culpability, shapes outcomes.” I found this to be a profound quote on the criminal justice system as it seems contrary to everything the rule of law is about. So I considered if this was similar in a Canadian context, if there are any inequalities in the way we administer justice, and criminal law. I found...
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...nullification is a constitutional doctrine that allows juries to acquit guilty defendants but who do not deserve punishment. Many believe that when this sort of action takes place the jury racially identify with the criminal defendant. There have been several cases for an example: the O.J Simpson case or the police officers in the Rodney King beating. The evidence was visible, but the verdict was not guilty. This paper includes how and if ethnicity influences courtroom proceedings and judicial practices, arguments against ethnicity-based jury nullification, contemporary examples of ethnicity based-jury nullification, and by choosing a position for or against ethnicity-based jury nullification. Ethnicity Influences and Judicial Practices There have been plenty of attempts to advance equal justice in the United States (Ward, Farrell, & Rousseau, 2009). In the criminal justice administration disparity still remains a concern. Criminal justice research on sentencing has found disparity based on defendant characteristics as gender, race, and class. There have been two changes by many individuals to secure equal justice in the court system. Implementations of sentencing guidelines, reduce bias, and increased racial and ethnic group representation among arbiters of justice (Ward, Farrell, & Rousseau, 2009). This may diversify the pool of explicit and implicit bias that will reduce White advantages. Racial and ethnic composition of law enforcement and legal authorities has...
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...to the criminal justice system. I am discussing and giving a clear understanding of the criminal justice system as an organization of a bureaucratic management system with hierarchies and processes of inputs, processes, and outputs within one aspect of the criminal justice system i.e. police, within one city. I will also discuss how New Orleans Police Department was created throughout history and what organizational theory has been implemented. This is a brief history of the New Orleans Police Department and why a bureaucratic management system is the basis for this organization. Organizational Theory Understanding that Organizational theory is the study of organizations in the aspect of design, structure, the relationship of the organization and the external and internal environment including the behavior of the hierarchy within the organization. The police, courts and parole, which are the criminal justice agencies, fit the description of being an organization. They consist of having a process of input, processing and outputs. This system desires to process and close cases that will stay closed within a hierarchy frame. They all have sets of written rules and specialized training within a hierarchy of authority that desires the bureaucratic structure to become efficient. These systems also have various divisions, each division having different functions with the necessary authority to complete each process that stresses continuity. The criminal justice system as a whole...
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...U.S. Criminal Justice System Compared To Canada U.S. Criminal Justice System Compared To Canada The United States Criminal Justice System is used by national and local governments to maintain social control and punish violators of the law with criminal penalties. The primary agents responsible for upholding the law under the United States criminal justice system are the courts, defense attorneys and prosecutors, law enforcement officers along with prisons and jails. In joint efforts these agents work together to arrest, charge, adjudicate and punish those individuals found guilty of a crime. They are also responsible for ensuring that the accused are given a fair trial and that their individual rights are protected throughout the process. By law, individuals tried through the United States criminal justice system remain innocent until proven guilty (Criminal Justice System , 2011). The carry of firearms for protection and other lawful purposes is legal in forty-nine states, either under license or as a matter of course. Washington, D.C., and the State of Illinois are the only regions that both prohibit carry by statute, and neither issue a license exempting one from the statute. Open carrying of firearms without any licensing requirement is legal in thirty-one states. There is no federal law generally prohibiting the carry of firearms by citizens for protection or other lawful purposes. Some states' statutes prohibit carry in vehicles without a license; concealment without...
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...Research Process and Terminology Paper Introduction Learning how to research efficiently is critical to being a high preforming in the field of criminal justice and because of this it was important to learn how to do a good job at researching. Research has many layers and it is imperative that one knows the proper language to use and the correct process to go about when conducting criminal justice research. This paper will be exampling just how important it has been to gather a better understanding of the terms and process of research throughout this first week of class. The first subject will be a breakdown of new terminology found in this week’s readings. The paper will then take the time to explain and give examples of how the new terminology will be able to be applied to a career in criminal justice. Lastly the paper will take the time to express the problems that can arise from not knowing the terminology as well as the benefits of knowing these terms when it comes to researching. The goal of the essay is to give a greater understanding of important subjects throughout week ones reading and overall how the new terminology studied can help in a career for criminal justice. New Terminology and How it Applies to Criminal Justice Throughout this first weeks of reading there has been many new words that needed to be learned, however as in anything there are a few terms that stood out as more important than others. Many of the terms that will be discussed through this essay...
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