...through Floor 1 Hallway 1 of Lakeside Village Dormitory walking with her friend Jamaya Hicks. An unidentified male can be heard on audio recorded by the camera saying, "wait for Xenaria". Xenaria was previously arrested for being the offender in an on-campus assault along with Jamaya (C24-00934). This assault occurred on February 17th, 2024 and on this date Xenaria was advised of the criminal trespass and the fact she was banned from the dorms as well as all College of Coastal Georgia properties. Prior to March 17th 2024, I spoke with Xenaria twice and both times I confirmed she understood she was banned from campus and the dorms....
Words: 463 - Pages: 2
...Tort Law – Trespass to Land Tort Law - Definition A body of rights, obligations, and remedies that is applied by courts in civil proceedings to provide relief for persons who have suffered harm from the wrongful acts of others. The person who sustains injury or suffers pecuniary damage as the result of tortious conduct is known as the plaintiff, and the person who is responsible for inflicting the injury and incurs liability for the damage is known as the defendant or tortfeasor. Trespass to Land –Definition In modern law the word trespass is used most commonly to describe the intentional and wrongful invasion of another's real property. An action for trespass can be maintained by the owner or anyone else who has a lawful right to occupy the real property, such as the owner of an apartment building, a tenant, or a member of the tenant's family. The action can be maintained against anyone who interferes with the right of ownership or possession, whether the invasion is by a person or by something that a person has set in motion. For example, a hunter who enters fields where hunting is forbidden is a trespasser, and so is a company that throws rocks onto neighboring land when it is blasting. Every unlawful entry onto another's property is trespass, even if no harm is done to the property. A person who has a right to come onto the land may become a trespasser by committing wrongful acts after entry. For example, a mail carrier has a privilege to walk up the sidewalk...
Words: 6025 - Pages: 25
...Landowners in Texas and other U.S. states have started painting the fences surrounding their properties purple. However, it's not a fashion trend; it's a warning. The purpose of purple fences is to tell trespassers to stay off someone's land. In 1997, Texas lawmakers passed a bill recognizing the practice, but it has only become a widespread practice in recent years. Before the law, landowners were required to post signs warning people to stay off their land. In fact, during the first year of the "Purple Paint Law," as it is known, property owners had to post signs in addition to painting their fences purple. However, that rule was phased out after only one year, and purple paint is now considered enough warning for those wandering close...
Words: 456 - Pages: 2
...Control Theory in 1958, proposed that there are four types of social control: Internal, Indirect, Control with Needs Satisfaction and Direct. Social Control Theory proposes that people's relationships, commitments, values, norms, and moral beliefs encourage them not to break the law. Thus, if moral codes are internalized and individuals are tied into, (their) community, they will voluntarily limit their propensity to commit deviant acts. [ (Nuy, 1958) ] Law is needed for when comfort, morals and disapproval fail to prevent undesirable acts against people in a society. In our country’s system, we have two main types of classifications for justice, civil law and criminal law. Criminal law, under public law, covers laws and regulations that aim to protect all members of the society. Its emphasis is on punishment. Criminal offenders are prosecuted by government officials, who must provide “the burden of proof” to prove the guilt of the defendant beyond a reasonable, doubt, usually a district attorney or attorney general, and can be punished with fines, imprisonment or even death. Civil law, under private law, covers the rights and duties of individuals among themselves. [ (Roberts, 1998) ] Civil law deals with disputes between individuals or organizations where compensation for the injury or wrongdoing may be awarded to the victim. The purpose of civil law is to...
Words: 1694 - Pages: 7
...Criminal Legal Process Quiz 3 Question 1 of 20 5.0 Points If prosecutors decide to charge a person arrested by the police, they do so by: A. a. notifying by memo the judge who, if the case goes to trial, will probably preside. B. b. notifying by memo the lawyer representing the accused. C. c. filing a complaint, information, or indictment with the court. D. d. notifying the accused by letter. Answer Key: C Question 2 of 20 5.0 Points In the Supreme Court case County of Riverside v. McLaughlin, involving a defendant who argued the state took too long to effectuate a judicial determination of probable cause after his warrantless arrest, the Court held that the test for determining if there has been a "prompt" judicial determination of probable cause is whether the arrestee was brought before a judicial officer: A. a. without unreasonable delay, under all the circumstances. B. b. within 36 hours of arrest, ordinarily. C. c. within 48 hours of arrest, ordinarily. D. d. within 24 hours of arrest, ordinarily. Answer Key: C Question 3 of 20 5.0 Points Although practices vary among jurisdictions, ordinarily an indigent accused is appointed an attorney: A. a. by the police at time of arrest. B. b. by a magistrate at the first appearance. C. c. by a judge at the preliminary hearing. D. d. by a judge at trial. Answer Key: B Question 4 of 20 5.0 Points According to the Supreme Court opinion...
Words: 7965 - Pages: 32
...across the country. The Ministry of Justice has a Bureau of Prison Administration that supervises all prisons in the country. In the provinces (municipalities directly under the central government and autonomous regions), offices of justice are responsible for managing prisons in their own jurisdiction through their prison administration arms. Prisons in China are divided into two categories: Prisons incarcerating inmates who have been condemned by courts to a fixed-term sentence, life sentence or death penalty with two years reprieve. Male and female inmates are warded separately, with female wards managed by female law enforcement personnel. Prisons may also be divided into wards for felons and criminals of misdemeanour. Penitentiaries for juvenile delinquents, criminals of minor age who have been condemned by courts to a fixed-term sentence, life sentence or death penalty with two years reprieve. Special protection is extended to juvenile delinquents, with customized procedures in place to cater to their needs. Prison Setup and Staffing The Prison Law provides that the State Council judicial administration approves the establishment, elimination and relocation of prisons in line with historical, economic and natural factors. This provision is designed to optimize the distribution of prisons and ensure the unified, effective and accurate execution of penalties. Prisons usually have one warden and several deputy wardens and various administrative departments and staff...
Words: 2190 - Pages: 9
...Definition of Various Liability Vicarious liability refers to liability for the negligent or criminal acts of another person that is assigned to someone by law. Vicarious liability exists when liability is attributed to a person who has control over or responsibility for another who negligently causes an injury or otherwise would be liable. Whenever an agency relationship exists, the principal is responsible for the agent's actions. For example, an employer of an employee who injures someone through negligence while in the scope of employment is vicariously liable for damages to the injured person. In contrast, a defendant who engages an independent contractor is not liable to others for the acts or omissions of the independent contractor. An independent contractor is a person who performs services for another person under an express or implied agreement and who is not subject to the other's control, or right to control, over the manner and means of performing the services. Various Liability Vicarious liability is a legal doctrine that assigns liability for an injury to a person who did not cause the injury but who has a particular legal relationship to the person who did act negligently. It is also referred to as imputed Negligence. Legal relationships that can lead to imputed negligence include the relationship between parent and child, Husband and Wife, owner of a vehicle and driver, and employer and employee. Ordinarily the independent negligence of one person...
Words: 1248 - Pages: 5
...serial murderer will help the public better prevent and protect themselves from falling victim to a serial killer. North America has produced eighty percent of serial killers. Europe runs a distant second with a mere sixteen percent, and Third World nations spawn four percent of the world's known serial killers, but recent numbers from South Africa and Latin America are beginning to alter those statistics. "Though the U.S. has only about 5 percent of the world population, it has produced 76 percent of known serial killers since 1900" (Apsche 76). Serial murder is a national problem in America and authorities are beginning to develop techniques to track, identify, and capture these predators. Psychological profiling, DNA testing and violent criminal data bases are all tools used to identify serial killers. Psychological profiling is a young, investigative tool. It was developed in the 1950's and has been improved upon ever...
Words: 2145 - Pages: 9
...TORTS OUTLINE 1) INTENTIONAL TORTS (3 -5) a) Intent b) Battery c) Assault d) False Imprisonment e) IIED f) Tresspass to Chattels g) Conversion 2) PRIVILEGES (5 - 7) a)Consent b) Self Defense c) Defense of others d) Defense of Property e) Recovery of Property f) Necessity g) Authority of Law h) Discipline i) Justification 3) NEGLIGENCE (PAGES 7 - 11) a) History b) Elements of A Cause of Action c) A negligence formula d) Standard of care i) The RPP ii) The Professional iii) Aggrivated Negligence e) Rules Of Law f) Violation of Statute (NEGLIGENCE PER SE) i) Applicability of Statute ii) Effect of Statute g) Proof of Negligence i) Court and Jury: Circumstantial Evidence ii) RES IPSA LOQUITUR 4) CAUSATION IN FACT (11 - 12) a) Sine Qua Non b) Proof of Causation c) Concurrent Causes d) Problems Determining Who Caused the Harm 5) PROXIMATE CAUSE (12 - 14) a) Unforeseeable Consequences b) Intervening Causes c) Public Policy d) Shifting Responsibility 6) JOINT TORTFEASORS (14 - 17) a) Liability and Joinder of Defendants b) Satisfaction and Release c) Contribution and Indemnity d) Apportionment of Damages 7) DUTY a) b) c) d) e) OF CARE (17 - 19) Privity of Contract Failure to Act Pure Economic Loss Emotional Distress Unborn Children 8) OWNERS AND OCCUPIERS OF LAND (19 - 21) a) Outside the Premises b) On the premises 1) Trespassers 2) Licensees 3) Invitees 4) People outside the established Categories i) Children ii) Persons Privileged to enter outside of Owners consent iii) Rejection...
Words: 13469 - Pages: 54
...TORTS OUTLINE 1) INTENTIONAL TORTS (3 -5) a) Intent b) Battery c) Assault d) False Imprisonment e) IIED f) Tresspass to Chattels g) Conversion 2) PRIVILEGES (5 - 7) a)Consent b) Self Defense c) Defense of others d) Defense of Property e) Recovery of Property f) Necessity g) Authority of Law h) Discipline i) Justification 3) NEGLIGENCE (PAGES 7 - 11) a) History b) Elements of A Cause of Action c) A negligence formula d) Standard of care i) The RPP ii) The Professional iii) Aggrivated Negligence e) Rules Of Law f) Violation of Statute (NEGLIGENCE PER SE) i) Applicability of Statute ii) Effect of Statute g) Proof of Negligence i) Court and Jury: Circumstantial Evidence ii) RES IPSA LOQUITUR 4) CAUSATION IN FACT (11 - 12) a) Sine Qua Non b) Proof of Causation c) Concurrent Causes d) Problems Determining Who Caused the Harm 5) PROXIMATE CAUSE (12 - 14) a) Unforeseeable Consequences b) Intervening Causes c) Public Policy d) Shifting Responsibility 6) JOINT TORTFEASORS (14 - 17) a) Liability and Joinder of Defendants b) Satisfaction and Release c) Contribution and Indemnity d) Apportionment of Damages 7) DUTY a) b) c) d) e) OF CARE (17 - 19) Privity of Contract Failure to Act Pure Economic Loss Emotional Distress Unborn Children 8) OWNERS AND OCCUPIERS OF LAND (19 - 21) a) Outside the Premises b) On the premises 1) Trespassers 2) Licensees 3) Invitees 4) People outside the established Categories i) Children ii) Persons Privileged to enter outside of Owners consent iii) Rejection...
Words: 13469 - Pages: 54
...element, such as, both or one of the parties is domiciled or resident abroad or national of another country. The foreign law is applicable only in some very exceptional situations. Torts in Common Law countries mean civil wrongs to a person, to property, or to a person’s reputation. Common examples are negligent acts causing injury or deaths, conversion, trespass to property and defamation. 1.2 Research Methodology: In making this project report the doctrinal method of research has been used. 1.3 Focus area: This project report focuses on the tort under private international law. 1.4 Scope of the study: In this project report the meaning of tort and law applicable to tort under private international law has been explained. CHAPTER 2 Conceptual Analysis 2.1 TORT AND CONFLICT OF LAWS: Torts in Common Law countries mean civil wrongs to a person, to property, or to a person’s reputation. Common examples are negligent acts causing injury or deaths, conversion, trespass to property and defamation. The same act may be both a tort and crime: assault can be a cause of action in tort and may also be a criminal offence. That is also true in some other situations, for example, misappropriation of property and (in India) defamation. Conflict of laws problems can arise in the field of torts in a number of situations. To take just tow examples, the problem can arise if the act causing injury is committed outside the country and proceedings are brought in the country...
Words: 3643 - Pages: 15
...Week 1- Law 122 : Why study law 1. Business decisions have legal consequences which affect profits and losses: * Some decisions impose liability, others create opportunities * Negative: dumping pollutants into environment * Positive: binding contractual party to promise 2. Risk mgmt. tool: Law sets the framework for risk, it gives you tools to manage the risk * Ex. Insurance, exclusion and limitation clauses, incorporation Dimensions of course 1. 2. Risk mgmt. 3. Legal reasoning: rules and analysis 4. Law/ moral dimensions What is law? * A set of principle and rules that courts will enforce * A way of thinking (or reasoning) about these principles and rules better description. Process determines legal reasoning * It is not just the result of a case that matters. The reasons for the result are where law happens. Law is bound up in the reasoning. So it is important to ask “why” and “how” not just “who won”. Law vs. Mortality Law: formally sanctioned, illegal behaviour Morality: informally sanctioned, moral behaviour 1. 2. Immoral but not illegal * Lying to friends 3. Immoral and illegal * murder 4. Moral but illegal Ethical perspective 1.1 pg.6 Can I watch someone drop without incurring legal liability? If I can legally do it,should i? Ethically is it okay? Ethical reasoning: * Focus on why something is ethically right or wrong...
Words: 5644 - Pages: 23
...knowledge to a substantial certainty that [the essential element of the tort] will result. i. For battery, the defendant must have acted with the intent to cause a harmful or offensive touching to plaintiff or some logical extension of plaintiff's person. ii. For assault, the defendant must have intended to cause the plaintiff a reasonable belief that plaintiff was about to immediately suffer a battery. iii. For false imprisonment, the defendant must have intended to confine the plaintiff within some boundaries, from which plaintiff could not reasonably escape. iv. For trespass, defendant intentionally crossed the boundaries of plaintiff's land. v. For trespass to chattels and conversion, the intent factor was identical; the two torts overlap. Thus, for both of these torts, the defendant had to intend to assert dominion or control over plaintiff's chattel. The completed tort would be trespass to chattels if the exercise of dominion or control resulted in harm to the chattel or if it caused the interference with plaintiff's use of the chattel for an unreasonable length of time. The completed tort would be conversion if the defendant's assertion of dominion or control resulted in damage or interference with plaintiff's use of the chattel of such a serious nature that defendant was required to pay the full market value of the chattel. b. Not sufficient to show that a certain result might “occur”, “likely...
Words: 12012 - Pages: 49
...accomplish without them physically being present and having the assurance of not being caught has promoted this form of terrorism all the more. In this paper an attempt has been made to understand cyber-terrorism, its various facets and also the laws and legislations in our country that inhibit such acts of terror. Introduction: The separation between the real world and virtual world is vanishing. The dependence of life on computers has increased high level. This dependency is used by the terrorists to their advantage by the use of internet. There are several types of cyber-crimes, such as Cyber Theft, Cyber Trespass, Cyber Stalking, Cyber Pornography, Cyber laundering, Cyber Theft, Cyber Vandalism and Cyber Terrorism, but the most threatening and dangerous are ones the that come under the category of the term cyber terrorism. Techno legal experts of India have been warning against growing incidences of cyber-attacks, cyber-crimes, cyber espionages, etc....
Words: 2882 - Pages: 12
...COMPUTER CRIME OUTLINE SUBSTANTIVE COMPUTER CRIMES I. Intro A. Categories of Substantive Computer Crime Law 1. computer misuse crimes = intentional interference w/proper functioning of computers (hackers, viruses) 2. traditional crimes = traditional criminal offenses facilitated by computers (gambling, pornography) B. Computer Crime v. Traditional 1. computer crime usually threatens economic interests more than physical 2. computer crime much more likely to cross state boundaries; most traditional crime is dealt with by the states II. COMPUTER MISUSE CRIMES A. 2 ways they can occur 1. user exceeds his own privileges a. “insider”: has some privileges/rights 2. user denies privileges to others b. may be an “outsider”: no access rights B. Most Common Statutes 1. unauthorized access statutes 2. computer fraud statutes 3. computer damage statutes C. Why Punish? 1. utilitarian: deterrence of harmful conduct, incapacitation, rehabilitation (looks forward) 2. retribution: just deserts; restore moral order (looks back) D. The Hacker Ethic: an open and free approach to using and exploring computers; any computer user has the right to tinker with and improve any computer; rules governing access should NOT be followed 1. misuse can improve security E. How or When to Punish 1. Property-based view: the computer is not yours, so if you break in you should be...
Words: 16552 - Pages: 67
