...Spotted Bass: Becoming an Invasive Species The spotted bass is an extremely targeted fish by anglers all over the world. They are a very aggressive fish and are always willing to eat. Spotted bass have brought millions of dollars to the tournament fishing industry. Spotted bass bring many benefits to the fishing industry, but is the risk worth the reward? They are becoming more of a danger than a benefit. The spotted bass is a native species, but many are considering them an invasive species rather than a native fish. The spotted bass has been around for many decades but they have become more prevalent in many rivers, streams, and lakes in the United States in more recent years. This is extremely beneficial for many economical reasons. Catching a spotted bass is almost always a guarantee when Largemouth and Smallmouth are not eating. This is good for tournaments because that means lots of the competitors will catch fish and be much happier. The recreational side of the fishing industry is also benefiting from the spotted bass. The spotted bass are two times more likely than largemouth to eat in summer. Summer is the most popular season for recreational fishing....
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...purpose of a cell. Therefore, it is central to understand what GMOs are. GMOs are well-defined organisms whose DNA has been altered in a non-natural technique. GMO plants are typically changed to be resistant to insect, virus and herbicides. “Many people continue to question its adequacy especially as we enter the era of second generation of genetically modified organisms where plants are engineered to express several desired traits and fields are sown to grow biocrops and not food.” (Gertsberg, 2009). With these alterations arise some potentially problematic environmental and health challenges. For instance, a cabbage that is damaged during a cold moment in the weather can have specific DNA, as it relates to cold weather, taken from a fish...
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...Food for Thought Jason West English 215 Research and Writing December 4, 2014 Strayer University Dr. Loretta Samuel-Crosson I. Introduction The discussion about genetically modified organisms (GMO) is enormous and intense. GMOs do not require any scientific testing on humans to examine the safety, but society is told that these GOMs are safe for consumptions. Other countries have various beliefs. The main drawback is the excessive use of herbicides. Often, weeds can become resistant the GMOs, and more powerful chemicals may be required. Furthermore, plants that cannot be controlled through current measures could create a problem in the future. Significant issues arise when arguing against the use of GMO crops and the potential for environmental damage and human well-being. The United States Government should be more aggressively involved in restructuring federal laws forcing Biotech companies to test its products scientifically and label them accordingly? History Genetically Modified Food is the method by which genes segment are altered and transferred artificially from one organism to another. Genes, which are constructed of DNA, contain the order to which cells generate certain proteins; these proteins in turn form the foundation for maximum purpose of a cell. Therefore, it is central to understand what GMOs are. GMOs are well-defined organisms whose DNA has been altered in a non-natural technique. GMO...
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...Index |Topic |Page no. | |Title page |1 | |Group members |2 | |Index |3 | |Introduction |4 | |Definition |4 | |Methods |5 | |Reason for genetically modifying | 6 | |Advantages of GM food |6 | |Disadvantages of GM food |9 | |Environmental Hazards |9 | |Human Health Hazards ...
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...Using named examples assess the severity of global and local threats to biodiversity Biodiversity refers to the variety of species within an ecosystem and is something which is under increasing threats on both a local and global scale. An example of a global threat to biodiversity is desertification. Desertification is the process by which fertile, arable, land loses nutrients and life becoming barren. The Sahel region is an area which has been massively affected by desertification, especially since the 1950’s when farmers and other locals began to move into the areas which were habitable and used them as farmland. The farmers allowed their cattle to graze freely which resulted in overgrazing and thus having a severe impact on the biodiversity of the land as many plant species were grazed out of an area by the livestock. This loss of plant life due to over grazing has not only resulted in the immediate short term damage to biodiversity but also long term damage as the top soil loses all anchorage from the plant roots causing it to blow away or be washed away leaving bare rock which plants can’t grow on naturally in the future. Due to both the short and long term effects of desertification I believe it is one of the most severe threats to biodiversity on a global scale. Another global threat to biodiversity is climate change. Climate change is the changing of global temperatures over a long term scale, primarily caused by the greenhouse effect and the enhanced greenhouse...
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...Genetically modified organisms are a subject of debate around the world. The controversies comes from the different views of this DNA technology. This new technology allows scientists to move genes from one species to another to create or alter traits in another. These are things that could never be accomplished in traditional cross breeding. For example, DNA from cold-water fish can be put into tomatoes to make them better able to hand cold weather. This new technology has cause people to ask questions about the negative impact of GMOs. Is this going against my religion? Are there any significant differences as to how they will affect humans and the environment? There are a great deal of scientific and legal issues being discussed everywhere. Although this issues are important, other problems have emerged. People have different opinions on whether or not using GMOs are morally correct. With religion and health being a big part of how this country is run, the concern lies in both these subjects. Their concern is not only GMO going against their religion but possible health risk as well. The environment is a big priority as well, not knowing what effects it will have posses big issues for many. Everyone knows the positive GMO can bring such as, better health for many but what will the long term effects be on the environment and people is of concern. The deeper ethical reasonings underlying this debate are very critical. If we want to understand ethical and moral controversies...
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...Production Principles of Crop Production Principles of Food Science and Technology Introductory Biochemistry Introduction to Computers Introduction to Fisheries & Wildlife Introductory Statistics Entrepreneurial Studies I Introduction to Home Economics Sub-Total Credits 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 18 Credits Credits 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 19 Credits Total = 37 Credits All courses are core-courses for Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry. 300 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Level First Semester l\Ion-ruminant Animal Production Arable Crop Production Introduction to Soil Pedology and Physics Introduction to Agricultural Extension and Rural Sociology Introduction to Farm Machinery Applications of Computer to Agricultural Production Crop Genetics and Breeding Introduction to Farm Management and Production Economics Sub-Total 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16....
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...Crab Migrations Many species, including crabs, undergo long-distance migrations in order to release offspring in areas favorable for proper early development. The risks associated with migrating can be costly, including acquiring and allocating energy for both migration and oogenesis (egg development) and increased predatory risk. Two of the most spectacular migrations of crabs are blue crab migration at Chesapeake Bay and red crab migration Chrismas Island. However, blue and red crabs choose different strategies (e.g. timing, route, mechanisms) in order to successfully complete migration and maximize survival of offspring. At Chesapeake Bay, blue crab mating typically occurs from May to October in lower salinity areas of the Chesapeake Bay. After mating, males remain in these lower salinity areas. However, because blue crab larvae require high salinities for proper development, females will begin moving south to the spawning grounds near the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay and near-shore coastal areas. Periods of peak spawning (larval release) along the Mid-Atlantic Bight have typically been documented from late July through August. After spawning, many females use flood tides to return to the lower estuary, where they may produce subsequent broods, but do not move back into lower salinity zones. Some mature females may also move into near-shore and offshore coastal waters after spawning. The Chesapeake Bay is a large estuary and for many crabs the distance between mating areas...
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...18.0 Bioethical Issues 18.1 Biotech & Human Health MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Who was the physician who created the oath that is taken by all doctors? |a. |Socrates | |b. |Hippocrates | |c. |Galileo | |d. |Reed | 2. It looks promising that stem cell research will provide a cure for what disease? |a. |Diabetes | |b. |Parkinson’s | |c. |Lung cancer | |d. |Both a and b | 3. What is one of the greatest ethical questions in biotechnology? |a. |When does life begin? | |b. |When does life end? | |c. |Should sex changes be allowed? | |d. |Is it moral to transplant organs? | 4. Which president halted further stem cell research from human embryos? |a. |Ronald Reagan | |b. |Jimmy Carter | |c. |Bill Clinton | |d. |George W. Bush | 5. Injuries to the nervous system are difficult to treat...
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...Bob-Manuel Chidiebere Egwu-Oti (son) 10. POSOTION AND SALARY SCALE: Professor / UASS 78 11. EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND: DURATION (i) Ngodo/Amachi Primary School Afikpo. 1970-1975 (ii) Government Secondary School Afikpo. 1975-1980 (iii) Alvan lkoku College of Education, Owerri. 1980-1983 (iv) University of Jos, Jos Nigeria. 1984-1987 (v) University of Jos, Jos. 1989-1990 (vi) Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Nigeria. 1993-1999 (12) ACADEMIC/ PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATIONS i) Ph.D 1999 (Fish Toxicology, Applied Fisheries and Aquaculture, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka Nigeria. ii) M.Sc. 1990...
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...enlightening. In beginning to look at the concept of ecological services I begin to wonder not only our country grows, but we as a global population grows daily and the question of how do we maintain enough food to sustain life and how does it affect the earth? In order to maintain our food security we need to look at how we are treating the earth we walk on. Several things come into play when looking at this. We need better soil conservation ways implemented. We utilize some of these by introducing terracing farming, alley cropping, contour planting as well as using windbreaks. Utilizing these methods reduce soil erosion and help to ensure a hearty crop. In order to produce enough crops are available to sustain life for the masses cross breeding through an artificial process has vastly improved our food supply abilities. Advances have been made to even have fruit trees bear items in a year, this is amazing in the sense that a normal fruit tree would take up to 6 years to mature enough before we could yield anything from it. This helps to reduce the chemicals we have to put on the crops to ensure they are mature enough to bear fruit and thus reducing some of the toxins we are spilling into the water resources we have a limited supply of. In looking at the water...
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...Mississippi. In other areas they are actively hunted and are subject to open "hunting seasons". CHARACTERISTICS Black bear anatomy includes a straight face and flat shoulders. It has ears that are often pointed and a short tail. Fur color can vary from black to chocolate brown with gray combinations. One of the more notable facts about this species is that they are excellent climbers, even when cubs. The black bear is very adaptable. They are quite intelligent and curious. But this smaller bear is very shy and generally avoids confrontations. Records of human attacks are rare. FACTS * Size: Length is about 4 to 7 feet long. Weight is about 200 to 600 pounds. * Reproduction: Mating season vary depending on habitat climate but breeding usually occurs May through August. * Gestation: 60 to 70 days. * Birth: January or early February. * Litter size: 1 to 3 cubs. Baby pairs are common. * Birth Weight: Baby cubs are usually under one pound. * Vocalizations: Grunts, moaning sounds, and growling. * Threats: Loss of habitat, territory fragmentation, changes in environment due to global warming, poaching. BLACK BEAR CUBS Baby black bears are born and live in the safety of the mother's den during winter. The average cub litter size is 1 to 3. Babies are born blind. A black bear baby weighs between one half to one pound at birth. They put on weight quickly. The mother spends the following year and a half weaning, feeding, and teaching her cubs what to...
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...safe as traditional crops. Opponents, on the other hand, feel the use of chemicals is scarcely reduced in GMFs and fear contamination of traditional farm crops... It is possible that GMFs are not bad for us at all and might be rather beneficial to building a sustainable future for all forms of life (Castle, S., Modified Corn, 2014 February 11th) Genetically modified crops were born like cross breeding, it was introduced from a gene through a different organism. The beginning of GM crops was in 1977 when the discovery that soil bug Agrobacterium tumefaction’s can be used as a tool to inject useful foreign genes and DNA into plants. This microorganism, with additional help from other gene-implantation technologies such as electroporation, and gene guns, geneticists have developed a variety of different GM crops. Genetically modified crops can be altered to grow under many different conditions such as extreme cold, dry spells, or where there are high levels of salt in the soil. Unexpected cold and frost can kill young crops so, according to Deborah Whitman “An antifreeze gene from cold water fish has been introduced into plants such as tobacco and potato. With this antifreeze gene, these plants are able to tolerate cold temperatures that normally would kill unmodified seedlings” (Genetically Modified Foods: Harmful or Helpful? 2000). Dry soil and high levels of salt are also elements that can make land unfit for farming, but as the world’s population grows, farmers are forced to...
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...Classes of organisms found in marine ecosystems include brown algae, dinoflagellates, corals, cephalopods, echinoderms, and sharks. Fishes caught in marine ecosystems are the biggest source of commercial foods obtained from wild populations.[1] Environmental problems concerning marine ecosystems include unsustainable exploitation of marine resources (for example overfishing of certain species), marine pollution, climate change, and building on coastal areas.[1] Freshwater Freshwater ecosystem. Main article: Freshwater ecosystem Freshwater ecosystems cover 0.80% of the Earth's surface and inhabit 0.009% of its total water. They generate nearly 3% of its net primary production.[1] Freshwater ecosystems contain 41% of the world's known fish species.[3] There are three basic types of freshwater ecosystems: * Lentic: slow-moving water, including pools, ponds, and lakes. * Lotic: rapidly-moving water, for example streams and...
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...hydroelectric power in this region and the removal would leave them without energy; in this case without clean energy. However these dams have also affected many other people who live in this region but not for the better. Native Americans who ritually let the first Salmon pass up the river have been hurting for some time. They say their soul is weak and their main source of food is no longer plentiful like it used to be. The Native Americas went through some hard times when the government told them they couldn’t fish for these Salmon anymore because they were closed to being endangered. I’m hoping my thoughts can persuade you to remove the dams and let the wild salmon swim freely again. Imagine having a main source of food for the whole tribe and the government who has destroyed this one source is physically and lawfully removing members of the tribe from the river telling them they are not allowed to fish. Yet at the same time they are allowing commercial industries to fish in the same spot. As a Native American in this region I would be outraged. Outraged because the river that I have fished on for all my life is being taken right out from underneath me. The Native...
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