...MANAGERIAL LEADERSHIP AND CULTURAL DIFFERENCES OF EASTERN EUROPEAN ECONOMIES Darryl J, Mitry and Thomas Bradley National University School of Business and Technology http://marketing.byu.edu/htmlpages/ccrs/proceedings99/mitrybradley.htm Key Factors: ~ Global Business, Colliding cultures & Changing Economies ~With the accession of the 21st Century, the developing globalization of business and other expanding pluralistic organizations we need to reconsider the topic of managerial leadership within a much larger perspective than has been the usual practice. Therefore, we offer some observations from empirical research and suggest theoretical directions. We review the subject as it relates to the challenges of transnational business and more specifically with reference to business operations in the emerging and transforming economies of Eastern Europe such as the newly independent regions of the former Soviet Union (FSU). The observed “globalization” of business is the precursor to the growing interdependency of peoples around the world; the development of a “Global Community.” This appears to be an inescapable and major event that is contributing to the dissolution of boundaries between customary disciplines of knowledge, information, technology, countries and peoples around the world. Associated with this phenomenon is an intensifying need to provide a strategic global approach in management education.(Mitry & Thomas, 2000) ~ In the new era of...
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...VIRTOUS SPIRALLING The L.F.S model aptly captures the new thinking in Leadership studies. The efficacy of the model is found in its instruction that organisational effectivenesss is a function of the leader, followers and the situation within a strategic framework. Much as competencies and skills ( Hughes, Ginnet and Curphy, 2009:265 ) that can make a leader effective have been identified and prescribed, the quality followership and an understanding of the situations are germane to leadership and organisational success. One important definition of leadership is that a leader achieves the set goals of especially an organised group by the leader influencing (Hughes, Ginnet and Curphy, 2009: 4) others.. This definition underscores the importance of the need for collaborative efforts in the achievement of great goals . Charismatic leadership often builds passion and galvanisethem into enthusisatically collaborating for the common good of all, even in the face of compelling diversity. Followers have been known to influence the process of leadership. In the same vein that leadership is complex, leadership situations can also be complex.. The external and organisational environment have continued to chang and influence leadership context. The potency of situation in leadership effectiveness and business succes is also underscored by the observation that the success of a leader in a context is not a guaurantee for the success of the same leader in a different context...
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...Reilly, A.H. and Karounos, T.J. (2009), “Exploring the Link between Emotional Intelligence and Cross-Cultural Leadership Effectiveness”, Journal of International Business and Cultural Studies, Vol. 1, Feb. 2009, pp. 1 – 13. Introduction Along with the globalization of business, many corporations are facing the challenge of operating in a different culture. The writers made a connection between emotional intelligence and cross-cultural leadership effectiveness to deal with this situation, this article also presented some significant results and implications which were greatly helpful for our company. This report is aimed at review the article and pick out something useful to raise staff awareness of cross-cultural issues. In this paper, I will summarize the key point of the article and evaluate some correlative information which can be applied to our company, then there will be a conclusion at the end of the report and two related references will also be given as well. Summary Reilly and Karounos (2009) exhibited Goleman’s research to identify the connection between emotional intelligence and leadership ability. Goleman (1998) claimed that the importance of emotional intelligence on the overall leaderships in organization is twice greater than the other two personal capabilities, technical skills and cognitive skill. The article showed the five components of emotional intelligence and their respective characteristics listed by Goleman (1998), which are exhibited on a...
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...Article Review- Analysis of the Relationship between Cultural Intelligence and Transformational Leadership Columbia Southern University The purpose of this article was to analyze the relationship between cultural intelligence and transformational leadership. The article also evaluates how cultural intelligence, the ability to communicate with employees and comprehend their cultural intricacies are vital skills for transformational leaders.The target audience of this article were the managers and supervisors who sought to gain an understanding of the correlation between cultural intelligence and effective leadership in trade offices. This article could also be appropriate for managers and supervisors at any level in support of their professional development. The authors explain how modern organizations require more managers and supervisors with the ability to distinguish the cultural differences well and communicate appropriately with other cultures (Ismail, A., Reza, R., Mahdi, S., 2012). Transformational leadership was defined as the inspiring proves and motivating the followers in the direction of a common aim or the influencing, motivating, and stimulating others in the direction of doing extraordinary actions is in the way that leaders want (Nielsen, K., Yarker, J., Randall, R., Munir, F., 2009).According to Ismail et al (2012), “an important leadership theory in management literature is transformational leadership which has been theorized to motivate others to consider...
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...WORKING PAPER Cultural Perceptions of Community Leadership and Participation in Health Improvement Efforts in Indonesia By J. Douglas Storey Linda C. Kenney Paper presented to the Intercultural/Development Communication and Health Communication Divisions of the International Communication Association 54th Annual Conference New Orleans, LA MAY 2004 The STARH (Sustaining Technical Achievements in Reproductive Health) Program is a fiveyear program funded by the U.S. Agency for International Development under Cooperative Agreement No. 497-A-00-00-00048-00, effective August 22, 2000. The program is implemented by Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs. Any part of this document may be reproduced or adapted to meet local needs without prior permission provided the material is made available free or at cost. Any commercial reproduction requires prior permission from STARH. Permission to reproduce materials, which cite a source other than STARH, must be obtained directly from the original source. The analysis and opinions expressed in this report are, unless otherwise stated, those of the authors, and are not necessarily endorsed by the STARH Program or any of its partners, or by USAID. This report is a STARH Working Paper. Working Papers are distributed to facilitate the use of data, create awareness of an issue, or to advice on a current policy issue. Working Papers are usually not finished products. Users are encouraged to check with STARH to see if the re...
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...Strategies and applications of the dynamic cultural leadership models and the omnibus leadership model Introduction With the rapid changes in a health care system around the world, healthcare organizations need to develop strategies that will help the organization to sustain with any difficulties that may arise. Healthcare systems expand their cultural leadership strategies in order to gain a thorough understanding of situations (Johnson, 2009) that will effectively improve their operations in community. Healthcare organizations use both the dynamic culture leadership (DCL) and the omnibus leadership as a model for implementation and a strategy for their success (Johnson, 2009). This paper will compare and contrast the strategies and applications of both model in an effective healthcare facilities that is committed in improving the health of the community As traditional leadership model fails to integrate the aspects of environment, cultural distinctiveness and higher power influences, the omnibus leadership model (OLM) was created to evaluate leaders and their leadership styles (Johnson, 2009). Under the omnibus leadership model, healthcare organization mission can be clearly defined only if the healthcare organization has appropriate resources; on the other hand, under the dynamic culture leadership model, health care system need to clearly state its mission so the employees can understand and know what is expected from them in the facility in order...
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...Outcomes of a Cultural Diverse Workforce on leadership Eligio Solis Southern New Hampshire University Abstract This paper explores three articles that reports on results for research on the positive and negative outcomes for leadership when working whit diverse workforce. These articles explore different perspectives of diverse workforce and its challenges. These challenges are mainly affected by the different types of culture and personalities that employees bring to organization mainly affecting its leaders. Outcomes of a Cultural Diverse Workforce Diversity is becoming more common among organizations and its rapid growth especially in the United States, is creating challenges across the globe. Diversity is not just defined for the different type of cultures that there is within an organization, there are other definitions to diversity. You can also find diversity in organization from the gender of a person, the sexual preference, religion, nationality, age and color. Diversity refers to an individual differences, that are within each person and creating some challenges for the organizations. Research shows that a diverse workplace can challenge the leader’s skills, attract top performers and eventually making corporations more global competitive by adapting to new culture and having more proficient leaders. Diversity is becoming more common among organizations and it is rapidly growing in this business. Diversity is refers to the differences between individuals...
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...University of Phoenix MMPBL 560 Managing in a Cross-Cultural Environment November 9, 2009 Managing across cultures is no easy task for any organization regardless of its economies of scale or long standing reputation in the market; the challenges are many, including coping with the flux of change, managing diverse groups of employees, communicating, and negotiating agreements with host countries. This paper illustrates how Johnson and Johnson, Allstate, Starbucks, Bank of America, Coca-Cola, Shell, Whataburger, and Sony USA address their cultural diversity. Thus, the authors of this paper analyze, evaluate, and assess the various successful best practices of these organizations to help Riordan Manufacturing’s situation. Riordan Manufacturing’s decision to open a new production facility in China has created some challenges involving the scarcity of Chinese skilled employees. Whereas leadership attempts alternative solutions to synergize the company’s strategies to address the situation, Riordan recognizes that the integration of a diverse workforce has the potential to alter the company’s performance (University of Phoenix, 2009). Accordingly, in analyzing cultural synergy strategies to help mitigate undesirable outcomes takes extra consideration, yet it is a necessary task (Hodgetts, Luthans, Doh, 2005). When reviewing Johnson and Johnson, it is evident that the company struggled with managing diversity and cultural differences. However, Johnson and Johnson stepped...
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...Organizational development and fundraising professionals, as well as board volunteers, have the opportunity to cross boundaries that divide people in other sectors. Whether we view this opportunity with apprehension or enthusiasm depends on our heritage, experiences, beliefs, and vision. Historically, nonprofit boards have offered limited opportunities to develop diverse leadership. 4 Beyond representation: Building diverse board leadership teams Maria Gitin OVER THE YEARS , dialogue on board diversification has evolved from focus on the importance of representing constituents, to “doing the right thing,” which is characterized by opponents as “political correctness,” to the current widely held view that a nondiverse board is missing key potential donors and opinion leaders. Diverse leaders can expand knowledge, create new resources, and open doors to partnerships necessary to fulfill an organization’s mission. Recommended strategies for board diversification must be understood in the context of the deeply divided society of the United States. Although North American cultural issues are the result of a unique history, most elements of diversity planning will apply in other countries as well. By the year 2015 the nonwhite portion of the U.S. population is expected to increase to 30 percent NEW DIRECTIONS FOR PHILANTHROPIC FUNDRAISING, NO. 34, WINTER 2001 © WILEY PERIODICALS, INC. 77 78 DIVERSITY IN THE FUNDRAISING PROFESSION (Changing Our World, 2001). In...
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...Creating Cultural Synergy: A Management Plan for a culturally diverse team Theresa Famolaro MGMT 615 Dr. Linda Smith 20 March 2012 Introduction This paper presents a problematic multicultural team scenario and a management plan to bring about the team’s effectiveness and success through cultural synergy. A summary of the conflict among team members sets the stage for an innovative solution, while a description of the emergence of multicultural teams in the workplace provides a context. Initially, an assessment of the cultural diversity of the team members is provided. Then, a plan to leverage the richness of culturally diverse team members working together is explored. Finally, in the event that the plan is unsuccessful, a backup plan is offered for consideration. Due to globalization, people from various cultures find themselves working with individuals from other cultures, often in an intercultural team environment. A team is an interdependent group of individuals brought together for innovation and the achievement of a specific goal (Northouse, 2010). Team cohesiveness is positively associated with openness of opinions and collaboration between team members. Disagreement within teams negatively affects team members from sharing points of view (Woerkom & Sanders, 2010). Multicultural teams are more likely to display less cohesion than teams with members that share the same culture. Cultural diversity...
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...EFFECTIVE TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP ACROSS CULTURES: THE ROLE OF CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE Dr. Alexi Matveev College of Staten Island New York, NY, USA Dr. Elena Lvina Concordia University Montreal, Quebec, Canada Abstract New theoretical frameworks are needed to better understand effective transformational leadership in different cultural contexts. In this article we illustrate the relationship between transformational leadership and the cross-cultural communication competence frame. We show how national culture orientations and cross-cultural communication competence affect the full range leadership framework and transformational leadership dimensions. Attributes of effective leadership and the choice of communication strategies vary for different cultural contexts; however, the charismatic or value-based leadership dimension contributes the most to universally perceived effective leadership styles. We draw attention to the importance of transformational leadership research utilizing the cross-cultural communication competence construct. Introduction Transformational leaders rely heavily on their rhetorical skills in order to articulate a vision and create meaning for their followers. While the leader's message is important, the process by which it is communicated appears to be just as significant. The communication style is a critical distinguishing factor in whether the leader’s message will be remembered and endorsed. Flauto...
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...EFFECTIVE TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP ACROSS CULTURES: THE ROLE OF CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION COMPETENCE Dr. Alexi Matveev College of Staten Island New York, NY, USA Dr. Elena Lvina Concordia University Montreal, Quebec, Canada Abstract New theoretical frameworks are needed to better understand effective transformational leadership in different cultural contexts. In this article we illustrate the relationship between transformational leadership and the cross-cultural communication competence frame. We show how national culture orientations and cross-cultural communication competence affect the full range leadership framework and transformational leadership dimensions. Attributes of effective leadership and the choice of communication strategies vary for different cultural contexts; however, the charismatic or value-based leadership dimension contributes the most to universally perceived effective leadership styles. We draw attention to the importance of transformational leadership research utilizing the cross-cultural communication competence construct. Introduction Transformational leaders rely heavily on their rhetorical skills in order to articulate a vision and create meaning for their followers. While the leader's message is important, the process by which it is communicated appears to be just as significant. The communication style is a critical distinguishing factor in whether the leader’s message will be remembered and endorsed. Flauto...
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...Project code: 9273 M1 Report Word limit/Words Covered: 5000/5079 Research Report Title: LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT ACROSS DIFFERENT CULTURES - HOTEL LEICESTER MARRIOTT, UK http://issuu.com/sanjaykumarguptaa/docs/project-report-recruitment-and-selection-process Table of Contents Introduction 1 Introduction to subject area 1 Background of the study 1 Literature Review 3 Critical evaluation of leadership theories 3 Compare and contrast of leadership style across different cultures 6 Critical evaluation of motivational theories 7 Compare and contrast motivational techniques across different cultures 8 Critical evaluation of theories for managing cultural diversity 9 Secondary research method 10 Primary research method 10 Interview 10 Findings and Discussion 11 Findings from secondary research 11 Managing diversified customers 11 Recommendations and Conclusion 13 Conclusion 13 Recommendations 13 References (Harvard Style) 17 Introduction Introduction to subject area It is a well known fact that success of the hospitality industry depends on the high quality services provided to the customer. It is the responsibility of the leaders to motivate and inspire employees to deliver a higher quality services for the success of the organization. With the increasing globalization, the leaders in the hospitality industry also come across through different challenges. Employees from diverse background...
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...International Journal of Cross Cultural Management http://ccm.sagepub.com A Cross Cultural Perspective on Perceived Leadership Effectiveness Jun Yan and James G. Jerry Hunt International Journal of Cross Cultural Management 2005; 5; 49 DOI: 10.1177/1470595805050824 The online version of this article can be found at: http://ccm.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/5/1/49 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com Additional services and information for International Journal of Cross Cultural Management can be found at: Email Alerts: http://ccm.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://ccm.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations (this article cites 6 articles hosted on the SAGE Journals Online and HighWire Press platforms): http://ccm.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/5/1/49#BIBL Downloaded from http://ccm.sagepub.com at N E Wales Inst of H E on February 28, 2007 © 2005 SAGE Publications. All rights reserved. Not for commercial use or unauthorized distribution. CCM International Journal of 2005 Vol 5(1): 49–66 Cross Cultural Management A Cross Cultural Perspective on Perceived Leadership Effectiveness Jun Yan California State University, USA James G. (Jerry) Hunt Institute for Leadership Research, Texas Tech University, USA ABSTRACT We propose a theoretical model to explain how societal/cultural settings may influence the leadership perception processes of followers...
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...Global Leadership Paper MGMT 605 November 28, 2015 Global Leadership The High Noon at Alpha Mills case study written Arif Hassan and Velayutham depicts a story of cross-cultural leadership problems in which a new appointed manager from different country was tasked to run operations in culture and industry that he did not understand or tried to get to know before. The end result was employees without their senior production supervisor, whom they heavily relied on, a deteriorating team performance, loss of morale, and a new manager scratching his head trying to figure out what went wrong. Cross-cultural leaderships should involve managers understanding, learning, and respecting the culture and leadership style of the host country in which they will reside or lead. This will allow cultural awareness, cultural sensitivity, clearly communication which will help to result in productivity efficiency and alignment with the team. Alpha Plantations, a Malaysian based crude palm oil manufacturing plant, has a deep engraved organization culture of militant leaders and loyal employees. The driving force to ensure smooth daily operations was Ang Lee, the senior production supervisor. His long career at the mill earned him the respect as the “gatekeeper” to the mill manager and lead problem solver on the floor. When the market began to decline a new mill leader, Ian Davidson was appointment to change the plant in a positive direction. Ian, who had an Ivy League MBA, was new to...
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