...Behavioral Therapy for Children with Autism: Review and Considerations for Future Research. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 34(9), 702-715. This article describes the techniques and results of cognitive behavioral therapy for children with autism. Cognitive behavioral therapy is commonly used for children with an autism spectrum disorder. The therapy addresses the child’s anxiety, disruptive behavior, and core autism symptoms. Evidence suggests that cognitive behavioral therapy is possibly efficacious for anxiety and autism symptoms. Garfinkel, M.D., P. E., Kline, M.D., S. A., & Stancer, Ph.D., M.D., H. C. (1973, December). Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa Using Operant Conditioning Techniques. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 157(6), 428-433. This article describes using operant conditioning techniques of female patients with anorexia nervosa. Each patient had a certain criteria that had to be met in order to be a part of the study. Patients were observed for a full week and goals were set for daily and weekly weight gain. Patients were rewarded with certain privileges if goals were met but if a goal was not met than no reward was given. Graham, M. A., Sauerheber, J. D., & Britzman, M. J. (2013, April) Choice Theory and Family Counseling A Pragmatic, Culturally Sensitive Approach. The Family Journal, 21(2), 230-234. Choice theory and reality therapy is used during counseling sessions but not used as much in family therapy. Choice theory...
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...affects individuals' beliefs, definition of health, treatments, and interaction with healthcare providers. These beliefs may affect the patient’s compliance with medication or therapy. In order to address the diverse beliefs of today’s population the advance practice nurse must be culturally competent. Barker and DeNisco (2013) defined cultural competence as a “compilation of the clinical skills and professional behavior of a healthcare provider focused on the cultural values, beliefs, and perceptions of the consumer while both are engaged in the therapeutic relationship” (p.486). According to Higgins and Learn (1999), the Hispanic population includes a diversity of subgroups. Although each subgroup shares a common language, “they differ in traditions and customs” (Higgins & Learn p. 1105). This paper will focus on Hispanics residing in rural Dominican Republican. According to Schumacher (2010), the number of Hispanics immigrating and living in the United States is rapidly increasing. “Between 1990 and 2000, the number of foreign-born Hispanics from the Dominican Republic (DR) in the United States increased by 98 %” (p. 93). Language barriers, lack of access to preventative care, and lack of insurance are some of the factors that affect the health of the Hispanics population (Hicks, 2012). The purpose of this paper is to increase awareness of the affects cultural competency and sensitivity has on professional communication and the Hispanic population. Summary of Article...
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...Guidelines on Multicultural Education, Training, Research, Practice, and Organizational Change for Psychologists American Psychological Association Approved as APA Policy by the APA Council of Representatives, August, 2002 Copyright, American Psychological Association, 2002 Author Note: This document was approved as policy of the American Psychological Association (APA) by the APA Council of Representatives in August, 2002. This document was drafted by a joint Task Force of APA Divisions 17 (Counseling Psychology) and 45 (The Society for the Psychological Study of Ethnic Minority Issues). These guidelines have been in the process of development for 22 years, so many individuals and groups require acknowledgement. The Divisions 17/45 writing team for the present document included Nadya Fouad, PhD, Co-Chair, Patricia Arredondo, EdD, Co-Chair, Michael D’Andrea, EdD and Allen Ivey, EdD. These guidelines build on work related to multicultural counseling competencies by Division 17 (Sue et al., 1982) and the Association of Multicultural Counseling and Development (Arredondo et al., 1996; Sue, Arredondo, & McDavis, 1992). The Task Force acknowledges Allen Ivey, EdD, Thomas Parham, PhD, and Derald Wing Sue, PhD for their leadership related to the work on competencies. The Divisions 17/45 writing team for these guidelines was assisted in reviewing the relevant literature by Rod Goodyear, PhD, Jeffrey S. Mio, PhD, Ruperto (Toti) Perez, PhD, William Parham, PhD, and Derald Wing Sue...
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...and Alaska Native (AI/AN) needs assessment survey conveyed that the path to wellness is comprised from physical, mental, and spiritual health, and any imbalances can be restored with traditional healing (Moghaddam, Momper, & Fong, 2015). The purpose of this paper is to describe how culture, traditions, and beliefs impact the AI/AN population, describe how awareness of complementary and alternative practices in the AI/AN population can improve health care, and explain the benefits of addressing cultural and linguistic competence and practices to address the health care needs of the AI/AN population. Peer reviewed articles were searched using Summon and CINAHL databases, limiting the search to within five years and using...
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...Health Traditions and Practices as it Relates to Health Maintenance in The Culturally Diverse. M. Gabrielle Kuehl (aka Maria Kuehl) Grand Canyon University NRS-429V August 17, 2014 Promoting a health wellness plan to that effectively addresses the needs of a culturally diverse community, requires heritage based evaluations and considerations to address the varying diverse values, traditions or practices within the family unit. Understanding the family’s cultural heritage in addition to health promoting traditions is key to achieving positive outcomes in the development of an effective health maintenance, protection and restoration wellness plan. Gathering information specific to heritage health values, beliefs and traditions to assist in determining a current health practice baseline, is valuable information to be referred back to throughout the plan. Grand Canyon University substantiates the importance of cultural considerations as mentioned in their lecture regarding cultural competency in nursing by suggesting “Cultural beliefs and values influence health decisions and must be taken into consideration. Therefore, cultural diversity in health education is as important as any other sector of health maintenance.” (Grand Canyon University, 2011, p. 1.). Hence the importance in using an assessment tool in determining a health practice baseline within populations that possess beliefs differing from that of standardized western medicine. The basis for health traditions and...
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...folk medicine and considers the importance of utilizing an integrative theory, the Health Belief Model, to understand the use of alternative medicine in the United States. The author examines the need for social workers and other health care providers to further assess the roles of folk medicine in an Appalachian client population. The author creates linkages among the limited writings in the literature regarding folk medical practices of Appalachians and also draws examples of folk medicine usage from qualitative research and professional intervention with this client group. The author focuses on how mainstream health care professionals may assess the role of folk medicine in the lives of their clients by approaching folk medicine as a focal and culturally-imbedded component of their clients' overall health care. Moreover, the author addresses the need for health care professionals to become not only aware of folk medical practices, but to act as advocates for culturally competent health care within the larger health care delivery system which largely overlooks or downplays the significance of folk medicine. In an age of expensive and constricted mainstream health care services and the implementation of managed care, the author examines how folk medical practices factor into primary health care. PMID: 9418440 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] This article presents an approach to the evaluation of patient-held beliefs and behaviors that may not be concordant with those of biomedicine...
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...Cultural Diversity: Clients, Context, and Caring Health Promotion and Caring for Communities and Families ------------------------------------------------- Week 4: Friday October 11, 2013 Prologue Care is the essence of nursing. Care involves recognizing and transcending the barriers and challenges established by cultural differences. The nurse considers the common threads that are held by all, as well as the unique elements maintained by the client What is Culture? * Culture is a learned, patterned behavioural response acquired over time that includes implicit versus explicit beliefs, attitudes, values, customs, norms, taboos, arts, and life ways accepted by a community of individuals. Culture is primarily learned and transmitted in the family and other social organizations, is shared by the majority of the group, includes an individualized worldview, guides decision making, and facilitates self worth and self-esteem * “The learned, shared, and transmitted values, beliefs, norms and lifeways of a particular culture that guides thinking, decisions and actions in patterned ways and often intergenerationally” (Leininger, 2006 as cited in Stamler& Yiu, 2012, p. 125) * Culture is more than beliefs, practices, and values (Aboriginal Nurses Association of Canada, 2009) * Culture is learned, shared, and changes. It also encompasses all aspects of our lives. What we have learned to value represents our assumptions about how to perceive, think, and...
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...Running Head: DOMESTIC VIOLENCE Crisis Reaction Paper SW 521 Lisa Moffett Rosie Thomas Domestic Violence Intimate partner violence (IPV) in the United States continues to be a growing public health concern. Research reveals that 1 in 4 women have experienced domestic violence in her lifetime; 1.3 million women are victims of physical assault by an intimate partner yearly and 85% of domestic violence victims are women (Tjaden & Thoennes, 2000). According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a problem that affects millions of Americans. The term "intimate partner violence" describes physical, sexual, or psychological harm by a current or former partner or spouse. The violence can occur among heterosexual or same-sex couples and does not require sexual intimacy (http://www.cdc.gov/ViolencePrevention/intimatepartnerviolence/index.html). Intimate partner violence affects people all socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity, age gender, religion and sexual orientation. The purpose of this paper is to provide a case scenario of a person who has experienced domestic violence. The paper will also discuss the role of the crisis worker, the crisis intervention method appropriate for addressing the needs of the client and the theoretical basis of the intervention. Case Scenario Tina is a 17 year-old African American female referred by the Victim Advocate at a local emergency room. Tina was thrown from her boyfriend’s car during...
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...Abstract This paper will address issues that may arise when counseling blended families by focusing on the family dynamic system. Blended families or step-families are becoming more prevalent in the United States each year. The number of divorces has continued to rise in the United States, which has caused the rate of couples remarrying to increase as well. Blended families usually result from different life circumstances such, as past relationships, divorces, deaths, and separations. At times blended families are faced with many challenges, and these challenges can cause significant problems within the new relationships. Some of the problems are due to different parenting styles. Children are having to readjust to a new lifestyle and getting along with stepparents or siblings can put an obstacle into the new relationship. Family counseling provides blended families with an opportunity and a platform for voicing their feelings and learning ways to accommodate each other within the family. Keywords: Blended families, counseling, divorce, remarriage, children, separation, parenting style, step-siblings, and widowing. Blended Family Counseling Introduction Blended families are becoming accepted in today’s society, and many families are merging together as one. Gonzales (2009) defined blended family as two couples coming together into a new relationship with one or more children from a previous relationship. Customarily, the primary family structure consisted of a two-parent...
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...Alfred Adler in the LGBT Community Alfred Adler spent much of his life writing and speaking about how humans view the world – and frequently misconceive it – and how humankind is a social being that depends upon interdependence and collectivism in order to correct its misconceptions. However, Adler viewed each person as a unique individual and believed that a person could only be known through the examination of one’s perceptions of the world (Seligman & Reichenberg, 2014). His individual psychology theory has provided an excellent theoretical framework and intervention techniques for individuals, couples, and families since its inception. Sherman and Dinkmeyer proposed empirical evidence that suggested that components of Adlerian therapy were an integrative approach spanning 66 psychotherapeutic models (Dinkmeyer & Sperry, 2000). While Adler was ahead of his time in many regards with his theories and practices, his view of homosexuality as pathology is quite outdated. Nevertheless, Adlerian theory and techniques have a valid role in counseling the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) community. This literature review will examine the core tendencies of Adler’s individual psychology as well as early Adlerian attitudes and misconceptions about homosexuality. It will then assess the modern applicability of Adlerian theory in the LGBT community as a whole. Adler’s Individual Psychology The theory of individual psychology is rooted around the core belief that...
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...differences between self mutilation and suicide. Suicide is an attempt to depart from pain through ending one’s life. While self mutilation is an effort to create relief from a negative affective incident, it differs for each person. It is used as a means for a person to temporarily deal with the pain, rather than abort it all together. In suicidal patients, pain is viewed as everlasting, which makes them feel hopeless. While, on the other hand self-injurers often portray an optimistic attitude (Walsh, 2006). Hence, there is a big difference between the behaviors and intent, which is why it is important to recognize these differences. Self-injurious behavior tends to be separated into two general categories: culturally sanctioned and deviant self mutilation. Culturally sanctioned rituals and practices comprise of ear piercing in the modern U.S culture, sacrament dances amongst Native Americans that entail self-mutilation, and the genital circumcision of Jewish offspring. These practices are commonly approved as standard traditions within in that they occur without question. They frequently are recognized as a rite of passage or to communicate with a higher power( Stone & Sias, 2003). The second category is deviant self mutilation or self injurious behavior. “...
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...in skills, attitudes, belief, unlike persons, or services. In cultural diversity, there is an intellect of conduct that has been well-read from involvements or designs approved through messages after one group to the following. Sub-Culture are groups in or lesser than a cultural group which takes individuals of a dissimilar cultural family, place of residence, faith, or new thinkable factors that can transport the group together. Ethnicity shows a big part in culture as of today. Ethnicity, or cultural individuality, mentions to connect in cultural groups. Culture groups are clear by common ethnic performs, such as holidays, languages, and customs. Individuals can part the similar ethnic group then have dissimilar ethnic groups. In this paper, personal issues will be discussed within cultural diversity, understanding of the concepts, and reflects on the American Counseling Association (ACA) and National Association for Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Counselors (NAADAC) codes of ethics. Cultural diversity is the cultural variety and cultural changes that are in the world, a culture, or an organization. It is also the presence of diverse people in a set or society. Cultural diversity (also known as multiculturalism) is a group of diverse individuals with consist of different cultures or societies. Typically, cultural diversity takes into consideration language, religion, race, sexual orientation, gender, age, and ethnicity. My personal experience with discrimination was subjected...
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...providing psychosocial support to children affected by abuse. A total of 34 organisations and individuals were met. Six days were spent in each country, except in Afghanistan, where only three days were spent. The six locations were Peshawar, Islamabad and Karachi. Organisations met included those working on child sexual exploitation and sexual health, and those working with communities of street children, MSM (men who have sex with men), and trafficked women and girls. Many groups could not be visited due to time limitations. Non-governmental organisations (NGOs), university psychology departments, community-based organisations (CBOs), international non-governmental organisations (INGOs) and donor agencies, as well as independent research consultants and a theatre animator | | | were amongst the contacts met. Interviews were held | | | with those at management level, heads of organisations, | | | coordinators of child protection units, trainers, | | | programme officers, field workers, therapists and | | | counsellors. Wherever possible, counsellors, therapists | | | and caregivers working directly with children were | | | interviewed. | 1 | | | | | Objectives The objectives were to: * collect and compile information on organisations working on community-based approaches to combat CSA and to assess their level of psychosocial support, including their structures and mechanisms; and * map sexual...
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...ASN Program Description Mission and Goals Our Mission Trinity College of Nursing and Health Sciences provides a quality higher learning environment preparing competent practitioners for health-care professions. Continuous quality improvement guides the educational process as students prepare to deliver culturally congruent health care, perform as responsible citizens within the global community and seek avenues for life-long learning. Our Goals Program goals for each department in the College derive from the philosophy of the College and the domain competencies, as follows: Knowledge • ability to examine and explain phenomena • ability to construct and organize knowledge • ability to integrate and synthesize knowledge • ability to apply quantitative and qualitative concepts Proficiency • ability to solve practical problems • ability to collaborate with multiple disciplines • ability to communicate effectively • ability to practice competently and skillfully in a changing health-care environment Culture Care Values • ability to preserve/maintain cultural identities • ability to accommodate/negotiate diverse life ways • ability to re-pattern/restructure health-care delivery methods • ability to apply ethical and legal principles to health care The Associate of Science in Nursing Program (ASN) is a two-year program of study combining didactic and clinical nursing courses as well as general education courses...
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...Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Social Work Values: A Critical Analysis A. Antonio González-Prendes, Ph.D. Wayne State University aa3232@wayne.edu Kimberly Brisebois Wayne State University Journal of Social Work Values and Ethics, Volume 9, Number 2 (2012) Copyright 2012, White Hat Communications This text may be freely shared among individuals, but it may not be republished in any medium without express written consent from the authors and advance notification of White Hat Communications Abstract Increasing numbers of clinical social workers use cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) in their practice. This article analyzes how CBT fits with social work values and in particular with social justice. We propose that CBT is a good fit with the values of the profession and make suggestions for areas of improvement. Keywords: cognitive-behavioral therapy, social work values, social justice, social work practice 1. Introduction In a day when evidence-based practice has become so important to the social work profession, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has become one of the most frequently used forms of psychotherapeutic intervention. Extensive research supports the effectiveness of CBT approaches for a wide range of psychosocial issues (Dobson & Dobson, 2009; Granvold, 2011). It is one of the most widely researched and published models of therapy, with more than 325 published outcome studies that validate its efficacy (Butler, Chapman, ...
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