...HEALTH AND SOCIAL CARE LEVEL 3 CONTENTS PAGE Concepts of an unequal society……………………. Page 3 Social inequalities in society………………………… Page Impact of social inequalities on different groups in society………………. Page Evaluation of the impact of social inequalities in society………………….. Page Within most known societies there are certain things that make it unequal. This means that the society experiences troubles because some aspects of it are making it uneven due to views, beliefs and attitudes being expressed and conflicting. This could occur because people view themselves as a higher social class than others. Therefore, social inequality is the existence of unequal opportunities and rewards for different social positions or statuses within a group or society. http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-social-inequality-in-sociology-definition-effects-causes.html People who may be unlucky within societies could be the subject of; P1- EXPLAIN THE CONCEPTS OF AN UNEQUAL SOCIETY STEREOTYPING This is to believe unfairly that all people or things with a particular characteristic are the same. There can be both positive and negative stereotypes which can have a negative effect on a person. For example, one racial stereotype is that Asian students are really good at math. This is a positive stereotype, but it can make an Asian student feel pressure and feel like a failure if he isn't good at math, which is a negative outcome. http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/stereotype ...
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...include: • The Department of Health • Health and Safety Executive • NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care Statistics can be collected from records such as birth certificates, the death register and hospital admissions records. Records can be used for further analysis in order to gain more specific information, for example the weight of a new-born baby, or the reason an individual was admitted into hospital. The government has made the use of having these records available a legal requirement so that the statistics may be available when they are required. Statistics can be collected through the use of surveys, i.e. the national census of which is held every 10 years in the UK by the government. The national census survey has been in place since 1801 and takes into account each individual within a household. It is able to provide an outline of the UK which enables us to compare geographical areas. However statistics are not always accurate for what they represent, as there will always be information on illness which may not be reported therefore the statistics can only provide a general idea on what health in England is actually like. Patterns of ill health can also be identified through other means, such as using reports; one such example includes the Black Report which took place back in 1980, and discovered that there were gross inequalities in...
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...include: • The Department of Health • Health and Safety Executive • NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care Statistics can be collected from records such as birth certificates, the death register and hospital admissions records. Records can be used for further analysis in order to gain more specific information, for example the weight of a new-born baby, or the reason an individual was admitted into hospital. The government has made the use of having these records available a legal requirement so that the statistics may be available when they are required. Statistics can be collected through the use of surveys, i.e. the national census of which is held every 10 years in the UK by the government. The national census survey has been in place since 1801 and takes into account each individual within a household. It is able to provide an outline of the UK which enables us to compare geographical areas. However statistics are not always accurate for what they represent, as there will always be information on illness which may not be reported therefore the statistics can only provide a general idea on what health in England is actually like. Patterns of ill health can also be identified through other means, such as using reports; one such example includes the Black Report which took place back in 1980, and discovered that there were gross inequalities in...
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...Unit 7- sociological perspectives for health and social care P1 – Explain the principal sociological perspectives Sociological Perspectives | Main Points | Criticisms | Functionalism | Functionalist believe that just as the body functions through the efficient interrelationship of major organs and has disease, so the different institutions in society each have particular contributions to make. They work together and use methods of social control to deal with deviant members or groups, to ensure that society functions smoothly. Parsons (1902-1979) saw society as a system made up of interrelated institutions, which contributed to its smooth running and continuity. He thought that the main role of an institution is to socialise individuals and ensure that they understood the underlying values of their society and behave in acceptable ways. Murdock(1897-1985) did a study of the family, examined over 250 societies and concluded that in all societies the family performed 4 functions: * Sexual function which was allowed for the expression of sexuality in an approved context * Reproductive function which provided stability for the rearing children * Socialisation included the responsibility of teaching children the acceptable ways of behaving in society * Economic function meant that food, shelter, and financial security had to be provided for the family membersParsons(1951) argued that the family had only two basic functions which were: * The primary socialisation of children...
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...`P4 Explain the main factors affecting the current patterns of health in the uk M2 - Discuss the factors likely influence current and future health patterns in the uk D1 - Evaluate the influence of government on factors that contribute to the current patterns of health and illness in the uk It is highly known that there is a difference in social classes, culture and socio-economic lifestyles between the north and south of England. This ranges from the accessibility of treatments, the range of income and life expectancy and also morbidity and mortality rates. (© Times Newspapers Limited 2015) This can be known as the postcode lottery. Although the government try to enforce health care provisions to prevent these health inequalities it is evidently failing. The map on the left shows that the highest amount of premature deaths are from northern citizens. This may be down to access to facilities, as a majority of Britain’s money is invested into the south which leads them to having more treatment facilities. This diagram also shows that cause is likely to be stroke, lung disease, heart or liver disease. A major factor of this could be due to social class. The north of England is very industrialised as it has many large factories where working class people are employed, these are physically demanding jobs on a low income that can eventually lead to chronic back pain and the low income most probably will lead to poor diet and housing. However, in the South of England there...
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...P3 Explain patterns and trends in health and illness among different social groupings Gender Men and women have different levels of risks of getting mental illnesses such as alcohol dependency. This is “more than twice as high in men than women. In developed countries, approximately 1 in 5 men and 1 in 12 women develop alcohol dependence during their lives” WHO 2015. This clearly shows that men and women have different risks when it comes to health and illness. Men are also twice as likely to have personality disorders, but women are more likely to have anxiety and depression than men are. Women have more accounts of sexual harassment and rape and this has a knock on effect to the amount of people with depression. Social class Different social classes have different levels of financial stability, which is also directly linked to the health care that is available and the housing and area in which they live. People in the lower class have higher levels of illness and bad health, as they cannot afford private healthcare so would then have to wait for appointments and go to public hospitals where they may be very busy and have a low amount of appointments available. Also people from the lower class may not be eating as well as others as they are on a strict budget this means they may be missing certain vitamins and minerals from their diet. Eating cheap microwave meals and processed food is not as good as eating fresh meals and organic fruit and vegetables. Table – poverty...
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...a strong home bias under autarky. We then show that goods market integration causes a phenomenon of cultural divergence, whereby the distributions of cultures become more dissimilar across countries and one of the cultures that existed under autarky ultimately disappears. By way of contrast, we show that social integration causes cultural convergence and can counterbalance the effects of goods market integration. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Article history: Received 15 March 2006 Received in revised form 1 May 2007 Accepted 23 June 2008 Keywords: Cultural identity Cultural transmission International trade JEL classification: F02 F10 Z10 Z13 1. Introduction Revolutionary developments in information and transport technology are changing the world. Our daily lives are governed by products and images originating from other countries and other cultures. Common wisdom among economists is that the benefits from international integration and globalization are clear and significant. International trade should bring efficiency gains in production and access to an increased variety of goods and services. This approach is however at odds with the concerns of other social...
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...suggested AS Macro Economic essays. The essays are from different exam boards. In practise they ask similar questions. There are different ways to answer questions. But, all these answers contain enough material to get the top grade. Whenever the question requires evaluation, the essay contains the necessary critical distance. Note: These essays are for revision purposes giving suggestions for how to answer questions. Don’t try to pass them off as your own work. AS Micro Essays 1.Evaluate the case for and against governments intervening to try to stabilise the price of copper, for example, through setting up a buffer stock scheme. 2.Evaluate advantages and disadvantages of various methods of government intervention to correct market failure arising from aircraft emissions. 3. Discuss the likely effects on the retail market for coffee if there is a large increase in city centre rents. 4.In the UK, students face increasing tuition fees. Discuss the benefits and costs to society of abolishing all tuition fees. 5.Discuss three policies to reduce the level of cigarette smoking amongst under 21s. 6.Discuss the extent to which governments should subsidise companies who are developing cars which run on clean fuels such as hydrogen? 7.Discuss whether the government is mistaken to worry about monopoly power? 8.Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the government intervening in agricultural markets? 9.Discuss the effects on UK business of a rise in fuel prices...
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...your book, let’s look at the word eco-nomics itself. The prefix ‘eco’ from the Latin word ‘oeco’ refers to household and ‘omics’ is a general term for a broad discipline of science which analyses certain variables. So the word economics can be defined as: ‘...A social science that studies how individuals, governments, firms and nations make choices on allocating scarce resources to satisfy their unlimited wants’ (Investopedia) ‘...The social science that deals with the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services and the theory and management of economies or economic systems.’ (American Heritage Dictionary) ‘... The study of how society uses its scarce resources.’(The Economist) ‘...the branch of knowledge concerned with the production, consumption and transfer of wealth.’ (Oxford Dictionary) How is economics going to help me? Scenario 1: As a high school or college student, you about doing a number of different career options but why do you end up with one or two major interests?... Yes, you make a choice whether or not you want to be a Doctor, Lawyer, Entrepreneur, Accountant, Economist, among other professions. And economics has to do with making effective choices and how they impact you as an individual. This leads us to the first branch of economics. A group of concepts and explanations have been developed to explain the choices that individuals and firms make and how they react to certain conditions that may occur. This branch of Economics...
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...Finance Small Business; Entrepreneurship title author publisher isbn10 | asin print isbn13 ebook isbn13 language subject publication date lcc ddc subject : : : : : : : Entrepreneurship and Small Business Burns, Paul. 0333914732 9780333914731 9781403917102 : : : : cover next page > file:///Z|/_==%CF%CE%C8%D1%CA==/Entrepreneurship%.../0333914732__gigle.ws/0333914732/files/cover.html [06.10.2009 1:01:58] page_i < previous page page_i next page > page_i next page > Page i Entrepreneurship and Small Business < previous page file:///Z|/_==%CF%CE%C8%D1%CA==/Entrepreneurship%...0333914732__gigle.ws/0333914732/files/page_i.html [06.10.2009 1:02:00] page_ii < previous page page_ii next page > page_ii next page > Page ii < previous page file:///Z|/_==%CF%CE%C8%D1%CA==/Entrepreneurship%2...0333914732__gigle.ws/0333914732/files/page_ii.html [06.10.2009 1:02:00] page_iii < previous page page_iii next page > page_iii next page > Page iii Entrepreneurship and Small Business Paul Burns < previous page file:///Z|/_==%CF%CE%C8%D1%CA==/Entrepreneurship%2...333914732__gigle.ws/0333914732/files/page_iii.html [06.10.2009 1:02:00] page_iv < previous page page_iv next page > Page iv © Paul Burns 2001 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may...
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...many decisions. It must decide which members of the household do which tasks and what each member gets in return: Who cooks dinner? Who does the laundry? Who gets the extra dessert at dinner? Who gets to choose what TV show to watch? In short, the household must allocate its scarce resources among its various members, taking into account each member’s abilities, efforts, and desires. Like a household, a society faces many decisions. A society must decide what jobs will be done and who will do them. It needs some people to grow food, other people to make clothing, and still others to design computer software. Once society has allocated people (as well as land, buildings, and machines) to various jobs, 3 Consider why trade among people or nations can be good for everyone Discuss why markets are a good, but not per fect, way to allocate resources Learn what determines some trends in the overall economy 1 TLFeBOOK 2 4 Ten Principles of Economics PA R T O N E INTRODUCTION scarcity the limited nature of society’s resources economics the study of how society manages its scarce resources it must also allocate the output of goods and services that they produce. It must decide who will eat caviar and who will eat potatoes. It must decide who will drive a Porsche and who will take the bus. The management of...
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...International Journal of Business and Society, Vol. 11 No. 2, 2010, 35 - 50 THE EFFECTS OF MACROECONOMIC EVILS ON PROPERTY AND VIOLENT CRIMES IN MALAYSIA Chor Foon Tang♣ University of Malaya ABSTRACT The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of macroeconomic evils – unemployment and inflation on different categories of crime rates – property and violent crimes in Malaysia via the multivariate Johansen-Juselius and Granger causality techniques. This study used annual data from 1970 to 2006. Johansen-Juselius cointegration tests revealed that property and violent crimes are cointegrated with unemployment and inflation. Furthermore, the empirical evidence exhibit that unemployment and inflation are the driving factors for crimes in Malaysia. Therefore, supply-side economy may be an ideal choice of policy to reduce crime rates in Malaysia. Keywords: Crime, Inflation, Unemployment, Malaysia 1. INTRODUCTION Recent deliberation on whether “Malaysia is a safe haven for travel and investment?” was frequently asked by the international tourists and foreign investors owing to the increasing trend of crime rates in Malaysia. From the visual inspection in Figure 1, both property and violent crime rates in Malaysia has increased quite significantly between 1970 and 2006. Over a decade from 1970 to 1980, both property and violent crime rates in Malaysia increased more than two folds. The property crime rate increased drastically from 25 thousand...
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...QUALIFICATION HANDBOOK Level 5 Diploma in Leadership for Health and Social Care and Children and Young People’s Services (England) (3978-51/52/53/54/55/56) December 2011 Version 3.1 (February 2012) Qualification at a glance Subject area City & Guilds number Age group approved Entry requirements Assessment Fast track Level 5 Diploma in Leadership for Health and Social Care and Children and Young People’s Services (England) 3978 19+ There are no entry requirements Portfolio of Evidence, Practical Demonstration/Assignment. Automatic approval is available for centres offering the 3172 Level 4 NVQ in Health and Social Care – Adults 100/4794/3 and the 3078 Level 4 NVQ in Leadership and Management for Care Services 500/4105/8 Learner logbook and Smartscreen Consult the Walled Garden/Online Catalogue for last dates City & Guilds number 3978-51 Accreditation number 600/0573/7 Support materials Registration and certification Title and level Level 5 Diploma in Leadership for Health and Social Care and Children and Young People’s Services (Children and Young People’s Residential Management) Level 5 Diploma in Leadership for Health and Social Care and Children and Young People’s Services (Children and Young People’s Management) Level 5 Diploma in Leadership for Health and Social Care and Children and Young People’s Services (Children and Young People’s Advanced Practice) Level 5 Diploma in Leadership for Health and Social Care and Children and Young People’s Services (Adults’ Residential...
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...industry and government agencies and authored numerous working papers. He completed his PhD at McGill University, and has held visiting appointments at the University of Cambridge and the University of York in the United Kingdom. His current research interests are monetary and fiscal policy rules, and the relationship between economic growth and structural change. He is Professor Emeritus of Economics at Trent University in Peterborough, Ontario, and Sessional Adjunct Professor at Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario Ian Irvine is a specialist in microeconomics, public economics, economic inequality and health economics. He is the author of some thirty research papers in these fields. He completed his PhD at the University of Western Ontario, has been a visitor at the London School of Economics, the University of Sydney, the University of Colorado, University College Dublin and the Economic and Social Research Institute. His current research interests are in tobacco use and taxation, and...
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...Foundations of Machine Learning Adaptive Computation and Machine Learning Thomas Dietterich, Editor Christopher Bishop, David Heckerman, Michael Jordan, and Michael Kearns, Associate Editors A complete list of books published in The Adaptive Computations and Machine Learning series appears at the back of this book. Foundations of Machine Learning Mehryar Mohri, Afshin Rostamizadeh, and Ameet Talwalkar The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England c 2012 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher. MIT Press books may be purchased at special quantity discounts for business or sales promotional use. For information, please email special sales@mitpress.mit.edu or write to Special Sales Department, The MIT Press, 55 Hayward Street, Cambridge, MA 02142. A This book was set in L TEX by the authors. Printed and bound in the United States of America. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mohri, Mehryar. Foundations of machine learning / Mehryar Mohri, Afshin Rostamizadeh, and Ameet Talwalkar. p. cm. - (Adaptive computation and machine learning series) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-262-01825-8 (hardcover : alk. paper) 1. Machine learning. 2. Computer algorithms. I. Rostamizadeh, Afshin. II...
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