...Review Questions 1.1 What is the purpose of a database? - The purpose of a database is to help people keep track of things. 1.2 What is the most commonly used type of database? - The relational database is the most commonly used type of database. 1.7 Define the terms data and information. Explain how the two terms differ. - Data are facts and figures. Information is defined as knowledge derived from data, or as data presented in a meaningful context. Data is simply recorded in the database, but the data must be manipulated in some way to produce information. 1.12 What is the purpose of the largest databases used by e-commerce companies such as Amazon.com? - The largest databases used by e-commerce companies are Web-activity databases used to track customer behavior. 1.13 How do the e-commerce companies use these databases? - The e-commerce companies’ Web-activity databases are used to determine which Web page items are popular and successful, and to test if certain variations in Web page design will generate more orders. 1.14 How do digital dashboard and data mining applications differ from transaction processing applications? - Digital dashboard and data mining applications do not generate new data, but instead are used to summarize existing data to provide information to management. 1.15 Explain why a small database is not necessarily simpler than a large one. - While small databases vary from large databases in terms of the amount of data they store, they...
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... . 2 Types of Intrusion Detection System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Working Of Intrusion Detection System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 System Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Outline Technical Needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Functional Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Literature Survey . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Module Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Class Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Use case Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Sequence Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Technology Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 INTRODUCTION Intrusion detection is a system or a software application that detects an attack caused by the intruder. It is installed in the network or system to monitor the malicious activities or policy...
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...Management Information Systems MANAGING THE DIGITAL FIRM, 12TH EDITION GLOBAL EDITION Chapter 6 FOUNDATIONS OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE: DATABASES AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT Management Information Systems CHAPTER 6: FOUNDATIONS OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE: DATABASES AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT Learning Objectives • Describe how the problems of managing data resources in a traditional file environment are solved by a database management system • Describe the capabilities and value of a database management system • Apply important database design principles • Evaluate tools and technologies for accessing information from databases to improve business performance and decision making • Assess the role of information policy, data administration, and data quality assurance in the management of a firm’s data resources 2 © Pearson Education 2012 Management Information Systems CHAPTER 6: FOUNDATIONS OF BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE: DATABASES AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT Organizing Data in a Traditional File Environment • File organization concepts – – – – Database: Group of related files File: Group of records of same type Record: Group of related fields Field: Group of characters as word(s) or number • Describes an entity (person, place, thing on which we store information) • Attribute: Each characteristic, or quality, describing entity – E.g., Attributes Date or Grade belong to entity COURSE 3 © Pearson Education 2012 Management Information Systems CHAPTER 6: FOUNDATIONS...
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...file-based systems. In the early file based system their all data was in written form, due to the lake of education, due to the in-familiarity with new techniques, lake of computer knowledge so all the data required would be stored in a file or files owned by the programs. Discuss the disadvantages of this approach. Different programs could be written in different languages, and would not be able to access another program's files. This would be true even for those programs written in the same language, because a program needs to know the file structure before it can access it. 1.4 Describe the main characteristics of the database approach and contrast it with the file-based approach. Focus is now on the data first, and then the applications. The structure of the data is now kept separate from the programs that operate on the data. This is held in the system catalog or data dictionary. Programs can now share data, which is no longer fragmented. There is also a reduction in redundancy, and achievement of program-data independence. 1.5 Describe the five components of the DBMS environment and discuss how they relate to each other. (1) Hardware: The computer system(s) that the DBMS and the application programs run on. This can range from a single PC, to a single mainframe, to a network of computers. (2) Software: The DBMS software and the application programs, together with the operating system, including network software if the DBMS is being used over...
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...Questions: Chapter 1 1.1. Define the following terms: data, database, DBMS, database system, database catalog, program-data independence, user view, DBA, end user, canned transaction, deductive database system, persistent object, meta-data, and transaction-processing application. • Data – known facts that can be recorded and that have implicit meaning. • Database – a collection of related data with an implicit meaning. • DBMS – a collection of programs that enables users to create and maintain a database • Database system – not only contains the database itself bit also a complete definition or description of the database structure and constrains. • Database catalog – the information about the database structure is stored in the Database Catalog which contains the structure of each file, the type and storage format of each data item, and various constrains of the data. • Program-Data Independence – DBMS access programs do not require changes in all programs due to the change in the structure of a file because the structure of data files is stored in the DBMS catalog separately from the access programs. • User View – a database typically has many users, and each of whom may require a different perspective or view of the database. A view may be a subset of the database or it may contain virtual data the is derived from the database files but is not explicitly stored. • DBA – a database administrator (short form DBA) is a person responsible for...
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...Leomar James R. Canopin Discussion Questions #9 IT 193 - Systems Analysis & Design Chapter 9: Data Design 1. Explain the main difference between a file processing system and a database system. Answer: File processing is the method by which a file-oriented system stores and managesdata.Today, file processing is less common than database systems, although in somecases, file processing is more efficient and cost-effective. Database systems provide aframework for storing data within a real-time, dynamic environment, without the risk ofdata redundancy. A database management system (DBMS) is a collection of tools,features, and interfaces that allows users to manage the contents of a database. Link: https://www.coursehero.com/file/7367193/CH9doc/?justUnlocked=1 2. What is a DBMS? Briefly describe the components of a DBMS. Answer: DBMS stands for Database Management System. A DBMS is a collection of tools,features, and interfaces that enable users to add, update, manage, access, and analyze thecontents of a database. A DBMS provides an interface between a database and the users,database administrators (DBAs), and the other information systems with which theDBMS interacts. In addition to interfaces, other DBMS components include a datamanipulation language, a schema, and a physical data repository. A data manipulationlanguage, or DML, controls the operations of the database. Link: https://www.coursehero.com/file/7367193/CH9doc/?justUnlocked=1 ...
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...|Title |IT205 Smart Scenario - Clarifying Business Strategy Through Database Analysis | |Event Coordinator | |What are the current problems that the Event Coordinator is having? (multiple choice, multi-select) | | | |☐ System is disconnected from other departments. | |☑ Too much manual intervention in the business process. | |☐ Required information is not always available. | |☐ Information retention is inefficient or non-existent. | |☐ Poor use of available information technology resources. | |☑ Insufficient use of database technology or tools. | |☐ Poor communication. ...
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...specific objectives of the research, scope of the study and significance of a computerized records management system. 1.1 Background information. I have much concentration on one of primary school known as kyegera parents primary school. It is one of the many privately owned primary schools in kampala district. This primary school was constructed and started operating in 2006 to offer good education to the young generation in the district and perhaps competite with the rest of the country’s schools. The manual based granding system is the current system used by this education institute as I analyze this system I found that the system was costly in terms of purchasing papers, calculator and minimising error. A computerized granding management system for an education institution is all about simpling stundents granding, securing reports, managing and quick retrieval of data and storage of large volume of data with the help of hard drive and can be kept for long period of time. It also allows deletion and editing of data which cannot be done on paper. 1.2 Problem statement. The institutions current system is mainly manual based granding system which are costly in terms of granding using calculator , storage and securing records from intruder to access them. 1.2.1 General objective. The purpose of this project is to design a computerized records management system that will provide student profile, ease storage, retrieval, inventory management and minimize data loss at...
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...FILE ORGANIZATION TERMS AND CONCEPTS THE DATA HIERARCHY A computer system organizes data in a hierarchy that starts with bits and bytes and progresses to fields, records, files, and databases * A bit represents the smallest unit of data a computer can handle * A group of bits, called a byte, represents a single character, which can be a letter, a number, or another symbol (A,2?,S) * A grouping of characters into a word, a group of words, or a complete number (such as a person’s name or age) is called a field Ex: employee Last name, Customer Account number * A group of related fields, such as the student’s name, the course taken, the date, and the grade, comprises a record; Ex: There will be one record for every one * A group of records of the same type is called a file. Ex: Employee Benefits file, Employee payroll file * Database: A group of related files about a specific entity Ex: HR database PROBLEMS WITH THE TRADITIONAL FILE ENVIRONMENT In most organizations, systems tended to grow independently without a company-wide plan. Accounting, finance, manufacturing, human resources, and sales and marketing all developed their own systems and data files. Figure 6-2 illustrates the traditional approach to information processing * In the company as a whole, this process led to multiple master files created, maintained, and operated by separate divisions or departments. As this process goes on for 5 or 10 years, the organization is saddled...
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...Chapter 2 - Database System Concepts and Architecture Data Models, Schemas and Instances A characteristic of the database approach is that it provides a level of data abstraction, by hiding details of data storage that are not needed by most users. A data model is a collection of concepts that can be used to describe the structure of a database. The model provides the necessary means to achieve the abstraction. The structure of a database is characterized by data types, relationships, and constraints that hold for the data. Models also include a set of operations for specifying retrievals and updates. Data models are changing to include concepts to specify the behaviour of the database application. This allows designers to specify a set of user defined operations that are allowed. Categories of Data Models Data models can be categorized in multiple ways. • High level/conceptual data models – provide concepts close to the way users perceive the data. • Physical data models – provide concepts that describe the details of how data is stored in the computer. These concepts are generally meant for the specialist, and not the end user. • Representational data models – provide concepts that may be understood by the end user but not far removed from the way data is organized. Conceptual data models use concepts such as entities, attributes and relationships. • Entity – represents a real world object or concept • Attribute - represents...
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...services to consumers. | business-to-government (B2G) model | An e-commerce model in which a business provides goods and services to government organizations. | consumer-to-consumer (C2C) model | An e-commerce model in which a consumer provides goods or services to other consumers. | digital wallet | A program or online service that holds a buyer’s information (such as electronic payment, billing, and shipping information) that can be used to speed up online purchase transactions. | dot-com | An Internet-only store with no physical presence. | e-commerce | The act of doing business transactions over the Internet or similar technology. | e-commerce business model | A description of how an e-commerce company does business, such as the types of buyers and sellers involved. | e-tailer | An online retailer. | m-commerce | E-commerce carried out via mobile phones and other mobile devices. | meta tag | A special HTML or XHTML tag containing information about a Web page that is added by the person creating the Web page and is used primarily by search sites. | online auction site | A Web site where potential buyers bid on an item and, at the end of a set time period, the highest bidder buys the item as long as all bidding criteria (such as minimum selling price) have been met. | online payment service | A type of payment service accessed via the...
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...Database Design and how it is used at Wal-Mart Benjamin Stites DBM/380 7/2/2012 University of Phoenix. What is a Database System? A database system consists of four components which are the users, the database application, the database management system, and the database itself. We will describe all four components briefly. Database: The database allows a business to store important data using a collection of related tables and other structures. Database Management System: A database management system is a computer program that is used to create, process, and administer the database. (Kroenke & Auer, 2010) Database Application: A database application is a set of one or more computer programs that serves as an intermediary between the user and the database. They read and or modify database data by sending SQL statements to the database. User: The user is the fourth component of the database system. The user employs database applications to keep track of things. They use forms to read, enter, and query data, and they also produce reports. These four components allow the database system to work properly. How does Wal-Mart use its Database System? Wal-Mart is the largest retail company in the world. It needs to keep track of employee data, sales data, inventory data, profit data, and many other types of data throughout each of its stores. In order to keep up with this information Wal-Mart has outsourced its database to NCR. This allows Wal-Mart...
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...Week 1: Database Paper Carmen Lozano DBM/381 John Italiano April16, 2013 When it comes to the health care database systems is a special data processing system, or part of a data processing system, which aids in the storage, manipulation, reporting, management, and control of data. When it comes to a database management system is a collection of software packages designed to store, access and manage databases. Databases are used across the health care industry to able to store patient’s files because the databases are used to store data over a long period of time. In addition it helps organizations have file access to patients file and being able to check the status or enter patients information and sure it with different organizations. When it comes to health care database systems there are four different structural types of database management systems and they are hierarchical databases, network databases, relational databases, and object-oriented databases. Hierarchical database is commonly used on the mainframe computers; this is also the oldest method being used by organizing and storing data, by organizations. This structure follows the pyramid fashion. This means that related fields are grouped together which includes higher-level records and lower-level records. When using this structure there are advantages and disadvantages that go along with this method. The advantages are files can be accessed and...
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...Database Systems DBM/380 July 13, 2015 James Cervi Database Systems When it is necessary to store and manage data, a database is used. A database is a collection of data organized in such a way that it can be easily stored, managed, and manipulated. “You can think of a database as an electronic filing system” (QuinStreet Inc, 2015). It is safe to assume that a large percentage of organizations use databases for managing the wide array of data within their company. Databases can keep track of data such as: employee records, consumer demographic and contact information, and company files. A database management system (DBMS) is the software that controls the movement of data in and out of the database, as well as within the database. While a database management system refers to the software used to control the data, the database refers to the body of data being stored. Types of databases can be classified in numerous ways. They can be classified by the user, such as: desktop database meant for a single user, or a work-group database meant for multi-users. There is also an enterprise database which is used by an entire organization. Databases can be categorized by location. A centralized database manages data at a single site, whereas a distributed database manages data in multiple locations. Another way of categorizing databases is by the type of data that is being stored. “General-purpose databases contain a wide variety of data used in multiple disciplines” (Coronel,...
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...whom this project would have been a distant reality. We also extend our heartfelt thanks to our family and well wishers. I would like to take this occasion to specially thank University of Northern Virginia to provide us with excellent faculty and also in supporting us getting quality education remotely. Contents SL No Title Page no 1 Abstract 5 2 Introduction to Databases 6 3 OLTP and OLAP Systems 7 4 Difference between OLTP and OLAP 9 5 Data Modeling 13 6 Workflows in Enterprise level Data warehousing 18 7 Business Intelligence tools used in Data flow and Data Warehousing 21 8 Analysis in Data warehousing 24 9 Conclusion 28 10 Foot Note 30 11 References 31 ABSTRACT These days majority of the applications, may it be web applications or windows applications or mobile applications, are completely database dependent. Most of the application developments are becoming database driven environments, hence rendering databases as one of the most key elements in a software environment. This dependency on databases can attributed to the increasing number of data requirements from the...
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