...for ex :expedition in the Andes mountain range, explorations in the Amazon Basin ets. Peru houses the highest diversity of fish, birds, and butterflies on the planet and ranks third in amphibians and mammals. These statistics all contribute to the ecotourism possibilities in the country of Peru. The International Ecotourism Society believes that Ecotourism will keep the impact of tourism minimal and also create awareness for conservation and provide benefits for the environment Current Issues Today, there are many indigenous and ethnic groups that remain are fighting for survival. The industry of ecotourism can help to understand the importance of protecting indigenous peoples. It empowers local communities to thrive, even while integrating their lives with tourists. The ecotourism field needs to keep developing in order to help sustain the people and wildlife within the Amazon. While the livelihoods of indigenous peoples are at stake, the rainforest is also in danger. The rainforest has been abused through deforestation projects such as logging, agriculture, the fuel wood industry, the construction of dams, and mining as well as colonization, unrestricted tourism, and the wildlife trade. Some critics believe ecotourism is good for Amazonian wildlife. In some cases, they say it may even protect areas that are vulnerable. For ex^Areas near rivers are vulnerable to settlers and ecotourism in the Amazon tends...
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...Category B – “a special benefit able to be obtained through the controlled consumption of certain substances in foodstuffs (Council Directive 2009). An example of this is Swisse Beauty Superfood Powder. That being said, one option for an alternative use of Camu Camu is classifying as a Nutritional Supplement. Additionally, Camu Camu could be used as a cosmetic product. (Safety assessments and composition reports need to be presented in order to gain approval). For example, there are many cosmetic lines based around vitamin C. Camu Camu contains up to 30 times more vitamin C than an orange does. I understand that these regulations are in order to insure the safety of the consumer and also the regions where the fruit is from (i.e. deforestation). We should be taking advantage of these super foods, and if we approach the situation with concern then I can’t see anything bad happening. To put things into perspective, it cannot really get much worse than what we are doing worldwide – especially in America – with animal processing, among other things of that nature. Another concern of mine is that this powder lacks the fiber of the whole fruit. Thinking ahead into the future- will we just have powders for everything? Fiber is one of the most important assets of fruits and vegetables, if not the most important. * “The two main concerns associated with...
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...corporations. A legislative proposal on the topic of corporate social responsibility was introduced in Peru in 2005, but it was never implemented and thus there is still no legislation governing CSR in Peru. Small businesses who deal domestically tend to place much less emphasis on operating responsibly than the major companies who rely mainly on exports. Most CSR initiative in Peru seems to come from international organizations and intermediaries; the Swiss AVINA, Kellog, Interamerican, and Ford Foundations are all examples of the attempt to raise CSR awareness. Benefits of CSR Peru’s rapid economic expansion has helped to reduce the national poverty rate by almost 15%, but 44.5% of the population still live below the poverty line. Not all Peruvians share the benefits of the country’s ever-increasing prosperity, while general disregard from the government and lack of infrastructure inhibit growth in Peru’s less developed regions. In 2007, Peru’s real GDP growth was 8.3%, the highest in Latin America. In 2008, it rose to an astounding 9.8%, not only the highest in Latin America, but in the world. Despite its recent success,...
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...high the mountains peak. It sits 7,970 feet (2,430 meters) above sea level on the eastern slope of the Andes and overlooks the Urubamba River hundreds of feet below. Peru is located on South America's central Pacific coast. It is the twentieth-largest nation in the world, and borders Bolivia, Brazil, and Chile, Colombia and Ecuador. Lima is the capital of Peru and is located on the central coast. The size of Peru is 1,326,074 square kilometers (512,000 square miles) so Peru is about the size of Alaska. The population is currently at 27 million and continues to grow at a rate of 1.75 percent every year. The estimated birth rate is 24.48 per 1,000, while the death rate is 5.84 per 1,000. Life expectancy in the year 2000 was 70 years. The Peruvian population is extremely young. 53.8 percent of the population is below the age of 25 and only 4...
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...Deforestation Environmental Science SCI-204 iLab 1 People relay on products from rainforest everyday and never realize it. Today, people around the world use woods that come from rainforest for products like desk, flooring, instruments, and many other products made from exotic woods. “Tropical forests yield some of the most beautiful and valuable woods in the world, such as teak, mahogany, rosewood, balsa, sandalwood and countless lesser-known species.” (Rainforest Alliance, 2014) Many medications are made up from plants and trees that are only found in rainforest. “Some 120 prescription drugs sold worldwide today are derived directly from rainforest plants.” (Talk, 2014) Many food products come from rainforest. Things like coffee beans, bananas, nuts, chocolate, and spices all can be found in the rainforest. “At least 3000 fruits are found in the rainforests; of these only 200 are now in use in the Western World.” (Taylor, 2012) Another product people use everyday is oxygen. The Amazon produces more than 20% of the world’s oxygen. “The Amazon Rainforest has been described as the "Lungs of our Planet" because it provides the essential environmental world service of continuously recycling carbon dioxide into oxygen.” (Taylor, 2012) The next time you inhale, and fill your lungs with life giving oxygen be thankful to the rainforest. The rainforest has helped the world with many products, and all of them are important to everyday life. When you go to your local coffee...
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...Identify impacts associated with agriculture. In this paper, we will be discussing natural resources and energy of the Amazon Rainforest. We will identify some of the impacts associated with agriculture. The effects of growing human population have on the ecosystem. Management practices of sustainability and conservation of natural resources in that ecosystem. Risks and benefits of extracting or using one type of nonrenewable and one type of renewable energy resource from that ecosystem, and we will also assess management practices for sustainability and conservation of natural resources and energy. The Amazon Rainforest is vast and accounts for half of the rainforests in the entire world. The rainforest runs alongside the whole of Amazon River and stretches through nine different countries. The rainforest is over fifty-five million years old. In 2008, the rainforest was proclaimed to be one of the Natural Seven Wonders of the World by the New Seven Wonders of the World Foundation. The rainforest is on the largest recycling unit for converting carbon dioxide into oxygen, 20 percent of the world’s oxygen comes from the Amazon Rainforest. On the fifth of the world’s fresh water supply also comes from the rainforest as well. 25 Percent of Western pharmaceuticals are derived in the rainforest. There are over 50,000 plants, animal, and insect species in the Amazon around 137 of these species die off every year. The ecosystem is vast and vital to the world. Identify Impacts Associated...
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...By Shaina Herring The Amazon River is the fuel source for the 2,100,000 square mile Amazon rainforest . Spanning 9 countries in northern South America, this rainforest is so rich in plant life it produces approximately 20% of the worlds oxygen. Boasting the world’s largest tropical rainforest, the Amazon includes various ecosystems from swamps to savannas resulting in this particular biome housing the largest collection of plant and animal species in the world. Fascinating creatures such as jaguars, anacondas and even electric eel can be found along with incredible plant species such as bromeliads, epiphytes (air plants) and even carnivorous plants like the Venus fly trap. These are just a few of thousands of plant and mammal species living harmoniously with roughly 2.5 million species of insects! High temperatures (an annual average of 80 degrees) and constant rain keep the climate fairly consistent year round which helps to support the Amazon’s appeal for biodiversity. Temperature- The average temperature of the rainforest is 80 degrees Fahrenheit and when coupled with 90% humidity produces a heat index of 86. The heat helps many of the indigenous plant animal species like the Howler monkey, aka Alouatta, who’s primary diet consists of vegetation. This type of diet slows their metabolism so much that this species has to utilize the harsh sunlight just to speed it up after cooler evenings. Many of the plants and animals push upward...
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...local people and for conservation in that area. In South-east Peru located in the Amazon Rainforest is The Posada Amazonas eco-lodge. It’s situated in a national reserve called Tambopata that conserves 275,000 hectares of land. It’s a sustainable eco-lodge in that only small-scale development is allowed here, so all activities helping development for tourism is not going to exploit the natural resources. The land and the lodge are owned by the local indigenous community of Infierno, who are in partnership with Rainforest Expeditions who are a Peruvian company. The 30-roomed lodge allows tourists to view the nature around them, and with doing so this boosts the local economy, yet still protecting the environment as there are only 40-50 visitors arriving by small boats at a time. The construction of the lodge allowed people to have jobs in building and designing the area, furthermore, the lodge was constructed with local natural materials, avoiding the use of non-renewable material and instead using recyclable material where possible. This has created new forms of income to the surrounding communities, but also takes care of the environment. Education is an aspect of sustainable tourism, The Posada Amazonas offers education, conservation and research faculties, and the forest, instead of being cut down for timber, is used for adventure and educational purposes benefitting the protection of the Amazon. Although this project is a good example of eco-tourism and sustainability,...
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...Deforestation Deforest is defined as the cutting down and removal of all or most of the trees in a forested area. (Dictionary.com) The action of deforestation damages the quality of the land. The removal of trees without sufficient reforestation has resulted in damage to habitat, biodiversity loss and aridity. (Wikipedia) Deforestation affects the environment greatly and is one of the primary contributors to climate change. When deforestation occurs, carbon dioxide is released and remains in the atmosphere. As the carbon dioxide accumulates it catches radiation, which leads to heat. Oxygen doesn’t hold radiation like greenhouse gasses do. The heat that is produced is considered global warming. Trees store carbon and when it is cut down that carbon is released into the air. According to the World Carfree Network (WCN), cars and trucks account for about 14 percent of global carbon emissions, while most analysts attribute upwards of 15 percent to deforestation. (Scientificamerican.com) Another aspect of the environment that deforestation affects is the water cycle. Trees help perpetuate the water cycle by returning water vapor back into the atmosphere. Without trees to fill these roles, many former forest lands can quickly become barren deserts. (Society) Water vapor is a greenhouse gas. The flow of water vapor and carbon dioxide is disrupted directly by cutting down trees. The water that the trees draw from the ground is eventually emitted into the air. When the land is empty...
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...zoonotic pathogens (Patz 2/15/2018). One example of this hypothesis in nature is an increasing prevalence of Lyme’s Disease as a result of habitat fragmentation. This forest loss and destruction of habitat decreases biodiversity and in turn decreases the number of different species of animals that tick larvae come in contact with, altogether increasing the chances of becoming infected (Patz 2/15/18). The higher density of infected ticks results in a greater chance of humans contracting Lyme’s Disease. Another example that shows the adverse effects of a loss of biodiversity includes the increased prevalence of malaria due to deforestation. It was found that Malaria was more prevalent in the population after a period of industrial development in the Peruvian Amazon. This was due to the altered biodiversity of the mosquito species as a result of deforestation, creating a higher risk of Malaria in these areas (Patz 2/15/18). Finally, humans are put at higher risk for disease from bushmeat hunting and the cross-species transmission that can result from consuming our closest genetic relatives (Patz 2/15/18). These examples illustrate just how great an impact the effect of loss of biodiversity can have on human health and disease. While the effects of climate change and the impact that it has on human health and disease can be observed all around the world, the severity of the repercussions are not necessarily evenly distributed. Some groups of people are impacted more than others when...
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...Edited by Kristen Walker Painemilla, Anthony B. Rylands, Alisa Woofter and Cassie Hughes Edited by Kristen Walker Painemilla, Anthony B. Rylands, Alisa Woofter and Cassie Hughes Conservation International 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500 Arlington, VA 22202 USA Tel: +1 703-341-2400 www.conservation.org Editors : Kristen Walker Painemilla, Anthony B. Rylands, Alisa Woofter and Cassie Hughes Cover design Paula K. Rylands, Conservation International : Layout: Kim Meek, Washington, DC Maps [except where noted otherwise] Kellee Koenig, Conservation International : Conservation International is a private, non-profit organization exempt from federal income tax under section 501 c (3) of the Internal Revenue Code. ISBN 978-1-934151-39-6 © 2010 by Conservation International All rights reserved. The designations of geographical entities in this publication, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of Conservation International or its supporting organizations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Any opinions expressed in this publication are those of the writers, and do not necessarily reflect those of Conservation International (CI). Suggested citation: Walker Painemilla, K., Rylands, A. B., Woofter, A. and Hughes, C. (eds.). 2010. Indigenous Peoples and Conservation: From Rights to Resource Management. Conservation...
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...COLLAPSE HOW S O C I E T I E S CHOOSE TO FAIL OR S U C C E E D JARED DIAMOND VIK ING VIKING Published by the Penguin Group Penguin Group (USA) Inc., 375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014, U.S.A. Penguin Group (Canada), 10 Alcorn Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4V 3B2 (a division of Pearson Penguin Canada Inc.) Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R ORL, England Penguin Ireland, 25 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland (a division of Penguin Books Ltd) Penguin Books Australia Ltd, 250 Camberwell Road, Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) Penguin Books India Pvt Ltd, 11 Community Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi—110 017, India Penguin Group (NZ), Cnr Airborne and Rosedale Roads, Albany, Auckland 1310, New Zealand (a division of Pearson New Zealand Ltd) Penguin Books (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, 24 Sturdee Avenue, Rosebank, Johannesburg 2196, South Africa Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices: 80 Strand, London WC2R ORL, England First published in 2005 by Viking Penguin, a member of Penguin Group (USA) Inc. 13579 10 8642 Copyright © Jared Diamond, 2005 All rights reserved Maps by Jeffrey L. Ward LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING IN PUBLICATION DATA Diamond, Jared M. Collapse: how societies choose to fail or succeed/Jared Diamond. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-670-03337-5 1. Social history—Case studies. 2. Social change—Case studies. 3. Environmental policy— Case studies. I. Title. HN13. D5 2005 304.2'8—dc22...
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...Wildlife Conservation Efforts in India Geography project [Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] 2012 Nishant Aishwarya Roll Number - 26 Introduction Wildlife includes all non-domesticated plants, animals and other organisms. Domesticating wild plant and animal species for human benefit has occurred many times all over the planet, and has a major impact on the environment, both positive and negative. Wildlife can be found in all ecosystems. Deserts, forests, rain forests, plains, grasslands, and other areas including the most developed urban sites, all have distinct forms of wildlife. While the term in popular culture usually refers to animals that are untouched by human factors, most scientists agree that wildlife around the world is impacted by human activities. Humans have historically tended to separate civilization from wildlife in a number of ways including the legal, social, and moral sense. This has been a reason for debate throughout recorded history. Religions have often declared certain animals to be sacred, and in modern times concern for the natural environment has provoked activists to protest the exploitation of wildlife for human benefit or entertainment. Literature has also made use of the traditional human separation from wildlife. Foods, Pets, Traditional Medicine:...
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...GLOBALIZATION THE ESSENTIALS GEORGE RITZER A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication Globalization Globalization A Basic Text George Ritzer This balanced introduction draws on academic and popular sources to examine the major issues and events in the history of globalization. Globalization: A Basic Text is a substantial introductory textbook, designed to work either on its own or alongside Readings in Globalization. The books are cross-referenced and are both structured around the core concepts of globalization. 2009 • 608 pages • 978-1-4051-3271-8 • paperback www.wiley.com/go/globalization Readings in Globalization Key Readings and Major Debates Edited by George Ritzer and Zeynep Atalay This unique and engaging anthology introduces students to the major concepts of globalization within the context of the key debates and disputes. Readings in Globalization illustrates that major debates in the field are not only useful to examine for their own merit but can extend our knowledge of globalization. The volume explores both the political economy of globalization and the relationship of culture to globalization. The volume is designed so it may be used independently, or alongside George Ritzer’s Globalization: A Basic Text for a complete student resource. 2010 • 560 pages • 978-1-4051-3273-2 • paperback Order together and save! Quote ISBN 978-1-4443-2371-9 GLOBALIZATION THE ESSENTIALS GEORGE RITZER A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication This edition first...
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...Barbados Barbados is a North American sovereign island country located in the Caribbean. The capital of this state is Bridgetown. This state raised its head as an independent state in 1966 after being a Colony of the British Empire for almost 350 years. Category | Fact | Category | Fact | 1.Size | 439 Square km | 4.Religion | Christianity | 2.Population | 277,821 | 5.Currency | Barbadian Dollar | 3.Language | Barbadian | 6.GDP Rate | $16,653 | The main resources of Barbados are Petroleum, Fish, Natural gas, Sugarcane etc. The national symbols of Barbados are Neptune's trident, pelican, and Red Bird of Paradise flower (also known as Pride of Barbados). In Barbados Queen Elizabeth II is the Head of the State and represented locally by Governor General which is at present Elliott Belgrave. These two heads are advised by the Prime Minister of Barbados who is also the Head of the Government on matters of Barbadian state. The current Prime Minister of Barbados is Freundel Stuart. ...
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