...out “The role of Algerian women in their own society has rarely been what it has seemed” (Heggoy 1). Prior to the Algerian war, women in Algerian society were under patriarchal rule and, under such rule, were expected to meet certain expectations. Among other rules and regulations, Algerian women were prohibited from being outside their home unaccompanied and were required to keep themselves heavily “veiled” at all times. They were not to question the authority of the Algerian men, especially the ones in their family. Despite these limitations, Algerian women found a place in the revolution. Although it sometimes meant defying their status quo as women in Algerian society, women used the resources and means they had to make a contribution, some small and some large, to the resistance. In Children of the New World, Assia Djebar explores the actions taken by various women in the hopes of aiding the nationals in their fight against colonization. Her “choice of female characters range from traditional housewives like Amna and Cherifa to educated, more seemingly ‘modern’ women’” like Hassiba. Such characters contribute to “ what Djebar sees as the more fundamental revolution of undoing patriarchal norms” (Channah 1). The women in Djebar’s Children of the New World make a wide range of contributions to the Algerian fight for independence. In her novel, Djebar “shows the awakening of a new nation and in people by describing the growing awareness of several women” (Evelyne Accad) . For example...
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...In early times, women were viewed inferior to men and were not given equal opportunities in the household, workplace and society. However throughout time, women have led to a change in traditional gender roles and fought for equality. The 1950s were viewed as a period of conformity, where men and women recognized gender roles and followed society’s views. The 1960s were a period of uncertainty, disturbance and social revolution. After the turmoil of the 1960s and 1970s, the 1980s were represented as a period of optimism and vision. In the past decades, women began to find their voice and drastically change their position in society, politics, education and leadership. During these times, the racial divide and unfair treatment of women were...
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...How were women’s lives affected by society's expectations regarding the male dominance formality? For many years, women have been minimized and marked as always being inferior to a man. Society has played a major role in this stereotype that women struggled with in the past. Fortunately, this stereotype is not around as much as it used to be. Delia Jones from ”Sweat” by Zora Neale Hurston and Mrs. Mallard from “The Story of an Hour” by Kate Chopin both struggle with the female roles that society has put upon them and long for individual freedom, even though their relationships with their spouses differed. For many years, women had to be married and care for the household duties in order to be considered successful. Delia and Mrs. Mallard...
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...myriad of interpretations. The most accurate of these, however, is that Edna’s suicide demonstrates her growth over the course of the novel because it was Edna’s only viable solution for herself and the protection of her husband and children, and because it was Chopin’s intent for this novel to signify the liberation of women. Throughout the novel, Edna transforms through ‘an awakening’ where she explores herself, her sexuality, and her role in her family and amongst society. In the beginning of the novel, Edna describes her feelings of her marriage as ““an indescribable oppression…filled her whole being with a vague anguish” (14). She discusses how she cries often, not a sign of a healthy marriage. However, Edna cannot see this at this point. Everyone around her refers to her husband, Mr. Pontellier, as “the best husband in the world,” and she cannot deny this claim (15). Her relationship is not as perfect as it may seem, and later in the novel, Edna comes to this realization. Additionally, Edna just does not fit into the mold of a mother, especially with the expectations of mothers in this time period. Early on in the novel, she is described as “not a mother-woman…women who idolized their children, worshipped their husbands, and esteemed it a holy privilege to efface themselves as individuals and grow wings as ministering angels” (16). When her kids are away she describes her feelings towards this as, “It seemed to free her of a responsibility which she had blindly assumed and for...
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...How Does Fitzgerald Show the Importance of Society in the Opening Chapters of The Great Gatsby? The Great Gatsby is a 1925 novel penned by F. Scott Fitzgerald, who was an American novelist and short story writer. The tale of The Great Gatsby is set in a modified version of the Long Island and New York City area of the USA, with correlations to The Hamptons. Throughout the opening chapters of the novel, F. Scott Fitzgerald uses a vast amount of characters, motifs and themes to show the importance of society. These can vary massively but all appear to imply how corrupt society was in the 1920s. He also shows how the innate social standing of people defines and limits them for the rest of their lives. Fitzgerald portrays the 1920s as an era of decayed social and moral values, evidenced in the cynicism, greed, and empty pursuit of pleasure seen within nearly all of the characters. Capital is one of the main focuses of the novel, and it becomes apparent that throughout the tale, it defines not only their social standing, but the level of respect which they receive along with how they are interpreted by others in the novel. Fitzgerald begins the novel with an introduction from the narrator and one of the main protagonists, Nick Carraway. Carraway fought in the First World War, which we later find out he fought alongside Gatsby, giving them some form of common ground to base a ‘friendship’ upon. The novel initially begins with a poignant message from the father of Carraway; “When...
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...The Descent The Descent (2005) is a horror film upon first appearances directed by Neil Marshall, who had previously had little work with the genre besides the 2002 film, Dog Soldiers. It falls under several categories in terms of subgenre; drama, action-adventure, horror, slasher and most importantly Urbanioa. It was built upon a relatively small budget of £3,500,000, but succeeded spectacularly with the box office and critics, grossing £34,400,00+ worldwide. The plot of the film is generally simple and generic of the Urbanioa genre, and can be summed up clearly. The main character, Sarah, suffers a tragic loss of her family in the introduction of the film that clearly impairs her mentally. One year later, her friends Beth, Rebecca, Sam and Holly, lead by Juno, to try and repair and return the group to its previous state by first aiding Sarah. They do this buy returning to what they love: sporting, and on this expedition, caving. When they reach a mark of about 3 kilometers underground, however, a rock collapses and blocks the access tunnel, trapping the group inside the cave. With limited supplies, they try to find a way out, but sooner they face an unknown and savage breed of predators. The Urbanioa genre is a recent phenomenon that deals with the conflict of clashing themes; the past and present/nature and the man-made society. Generically it follows a group or family of modern middle class white characters, each of which fulfilling a trope of sorts. They are usually...
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...Inside the Little Mermaid by:Brandie Tittsworth Jm0300776 When I young, I liked to pretended I was Ariel from The Little Mermaid. I hopelessly dreamt of finding my prince charming. I sang and danced to the songs, and loved the thought of the castle in the ocean, or a secret cave with items from shipwrecks. Watching the same story later in life with my own children I can without a doubt say that Ariel could be a role model for not only me but my daughter also in the way she stays true to who she is. Her character is one of open-mindedness, strength and abundant love. Throughout her story, Ariel is faced with opposition and obstacles that force her to define and think about who she is. King Tritan and the rest of the water creatures try to push and mold Ariel into what they feel is "customary." The story of The Little Mermaid is one of Ariel defying the idea of what is right, what is normal, and what is supposed to be. A significant way of social interpellating an individual is by ostracizing the union or marriage between people with noticeable differences. Society praises when the usual path is chosen, whether it is a marriage between woman and man, or the relationship between two people of the same race. The central motif or theme of The Little Mermaid, which appears in many children's stories, is that of two people of different backgrounds overcoming obstacles and falling in love. Ariel, a mermaid, and...
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...of age story, coming to understand who they are, what they are worth, and who they love. Celie, the main character in the novel “The Colour Purple” by Alice Walker, is human. She undergoes changes in the novel just like everyone else. Celie starts off her life as a young, naive girl. She was manipulated into being submissive to men and oppressed by patriarchy. She was beaten and abused to the point where her love for herself, and her self-respect, had diminished to nothing. By the end of her life, with the help of other strong, independent women, she had become a strong, independent woman herself. She finally knew who she was and what she was worth. She freed herself from being week and submissive, and became an equal to men because that is what she fought for. She started off the novel with an understanding that life was a story of abuse, and in order to protect herself, she hardened her heart. Celie had also rid herself of any expectations or goals in order to avoid disappointment. These methods were to help protect her from emotional pain. Though, Celie’s heart did soften for the one thing she loved, her sister Nettie, who she had wanted to keep safe since the beginning of the novel. Protecting and loving Nettie foreshadows how by the end of the novel, Celie...
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...1. Describe the Product Portfolio of L'Oreal The challenge at L'Oreal was to leverage its position and innovation capabilities to transfer the Plenitude product line to the United States market and achieve both bottom and top line growth. In 1988, the L'Oreal 'Plenitude' line was launched in the U.S. market consisting of a 14 SKU (Stock keeping units) line-up that was sub-divided under cleansers and moisturizers (both daily and treatment). By early 1995, the line had extended to 19 separate products. Each segment was further categorised according to criteria such as skin type and time of usage. The packaging of each product was captivating and informative and there was a very unique purpose for the information provided on the packaging as the strategy of L'Oreal was to push such products in retail outlets without dedicated sales staff which entailed that the consumer was to be educated via instructional packaging. To give a brief overview of the company, it was founded in 1907, in Clichy, France, by the chemist Eugene Schueller to provide advanced hair care products for customers of French hairdressers. Under the guidance and control of Schueller's family the company had evolved to provide cosmetic, skin and hair care products with the principle strategy of 'quality, innovation and geographic expansion'. Later the holding company 'Gesparal' and Nestle became major shareholders of the company which provided deep-pockets for it's innovation philosophy and geographic expansion...
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...Depiction of Hermaphroditism in Middlesex Hausarbeit als Abschlussprüfung im Advancedmodul“Female Masculinity”(WS 2013/14)Dozenten Anna Hutnik, M. A. und Dietlind Falk, M.ABachelorstudiengang Anglistik/Amerikanistikder Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf Vorgelegt von:Nicole Jennifer BeckerNicole.Becker@uni-duesseldorf.de BA Anglistik KF, Informationswissenschaft EF, 3. SemesterMatrikel-Nr: 211199703.04.2014 Table of ContentTable of Content I.Introduction 3 II.Hermaphroditism vs Middlesex4 III.Cal's Intersexuality in Society6 III.a. Gender Identity and Transphobia6 III.b. Gender Assignment and Intelligibility9 IV.Dealing with Intersexuality10 IV.a.Stephanides Family and Dr. Luce10 IV.b. Beyond Middlesex: Other Cultures 12 V.Conclusion15 V.a.Outlook17 VI.Works Cited19 Introduction Inspired by the story of Herculine Barbin, a nineteenth-century hermaphrodite who committed suicide in 1868, the bestseller novel “Middlesex” by Jeffrey Eugenides deals with the condition of the pseudohermaphrodite Calliope “Cal” Stephanides. Since sex[1] and gender[2] are controversial topics that have been discussed by scholars such as Simone de Beauvoir, Michel Foucault or Judith Butler to name only a few, it can be assumed that the depiction of hermaphroditism in a Pulitzer Prize-winning novel like Middlesex might have an influence on how readers think of the topic itself. Due to this day especially hermaphrodites and intersexuals lack in most countries representation in form...
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...1 Proseminar “Born to be wild”: The 1960s in British and American Cinema in their Socio-Cultural Contexts A Cultural Studies Analysis of Alfie Table of Contents Introduction: Michael Caine - the phenomenon of stardom 1. 2. 3. 4. Great Britain in the Swinging Sixties British Cinema in the 60s Production background to Alfie Socio-gender situation of the Characters 2 3 5 6 7 7 9 11 13 14 4.1. Gilda 4.2. Lily 4.3. Ruby Conclusion: Alfie as an indicator for the cultural history of the 60s Secondary Sources: Filmography, Bibliography and Electronic Sources 2 Introduction „What’s it all about?“ is not only the famous last question of the protagonist in Alfie but also the title of Michael Caine’s autobiography. Born 1933 in London’s poor East End as Maurice Joseph Micklewhite, he started acting in the late 1940s and soon became Michael Caine. Though he changed his name he never tried to hide his past and his Cockney accent gives away his working class origin. It was a hard and long journey to fame for Caine. His first steps into show business were acting with amateur groups, then playing some parts in provincial theatres and later some appearances on British television. It was only after more than 20 years that he got the audiences’ and critics’ attention for his role in Zulu. But it brought him rather critical notice than the hoped for éclat. In 1967 Caine’s career got a considerable boost when he was representing the main character in Alfie - a role that seemed...
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...one partner feels the need to control and dominate the other. Abusers may feel this need to control their partner because of low self-esteem, extreme jealousy, difficulties in regulating anger and other strong emotions, or when they feel inferior to the other partner in education and socioeconomic background. Some men with very traditional beliefs may think they have the right to control women, and that women aren’t equal to men. This domination then takes the form of emotional, physical or sexual abuse. Studies suggest that violent behavior often is caused by an interaction of situational and individual factors. That means that abusers learn violent behavior from their family, people in their community and other cultural influences as they grow up. They may have seen violence often or they may have been victims themselves. Children who witness or are the victims of violence may learn to believe that violence is a reasonable way to resolve conflict between people. Boys who learn that women are not to be valued or respected and who see violence directed against women are more likely to abuse women when they grow up. Girls who witness domestic violence in their families of origin are more likely to be victimized by their own husbands. Alcohol and other chemical substances may contribute to violent behavior. A drunk or high person will be less likely to control his or her violent impulses. The Basics of Domestic Violence To establish a foundation for understanding child protection...
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...with the discrimination encountered by women because of their sex. “Feminism is a doctrine suggesting that women are systematically disadvantaged in the modern society and advocating equal opportunities for men and women.”(The Penguin Dictionary of Sociology, second Ed). The term includes many loose like liberal feminism, Marxist and socialist feminism, radical feminism. Liberal feminists work for equal rights for women within the framework of the liberal state; they did not question the structure –economic or political-of the state but they demand the rights and privileges given by the state should be equally shared by man and women. Marxist and socialist feminists’ link gender inequality and women’s oppression to the capitalist system. Women suffer a double exploitation as women and as members of the working class. Radical feminists disregard all questions of political and economic dispensation to concentrate on the roots of the problem. The central root of the problem is the system of patriarchy which leads to all kinds of discrimination against and devaluation of women. Politico-economic questions are not the roots but only auxiliaries. The concept of gender is the real villain and has to be demolished. Lately, more groups like Psychoanalytical feminism, Postmodern or Poststructuralists feminism, Black feminism and so on have also been added. Black feminism mainly studies the issues of self- consciousness and self identity of black women who are caught in a dilemma and tries...
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...THE ELITES A CASE STUDY OF GULU MUNICIPALITY BY HENRY EGYEYU ABSTRACT This study is aimed at establishing the relationship between Gender relations and Divorce such that possible approaches are sought to mitigate them. The study set out to assess the sex-differentiated impact of divorce, which are normally part of family life. These include changes in residences by children to accommodate changes in their relationships with their parents, changes in parental employment, remarriage, and stepfamily formation still; most children suffer from declining father. The study found that such changes affect individuals within households differently. Some lose while others gain. Women, however, have been singled out as the most affected. Changes in marriage and divorce laws and policies have further affected individual household members in different ways that is, children live in many different family forms, but the most common pattern is that they live with their mothers and have less contact with their fathers. As a result, a common alteration that children are forced to make is an adjustment to life without their father at home. Most children share time between the mother's household and the father's household, and families are creative in finding ways for children to maintain meaningful relationships with both parents involvement after divorce The conflicts over ownership of children and property has resulted...
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...RIGHTS OF WOMEN AND PEACE BUILDING IN AFRICA Protocol refers to an international agreement that adds to an existing international instrument. Ratification refers to a formal action under international law that makes a state a party to particular treaty and indicates a state’s consent to be bound by the treaty The African union protocol is an African law made by Africans for Africans and it does among other things call for: * An end to all forms of violence against women in all its forms and in all situations * It promotes the use of corrective measures (Affirmative action) for women’s equal participation and representation. In elected and appointive offices * It clearly provides for the reproductive health rights of women and girls * It provides for remedies for any woman whose rights and freedoms are violated and denied * It also entitles her to seek and obtain redress through accessible government and non governmental agencies mechanisms and services Defending women’s human rights is often seen by state authorities, and even by communities, as a challenge to culture, tradition and a way of life. Through their work, many directly or indirectly challenge social stereotypes regarding the proper role and status of women. As a result, women activists not only face repression by governments, but also by their families and other community members. Ongoing armed conflicts on the continent place women at even further risk of violence. Courageous women civil...
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