...Working Paper Series Serie 4 Societies and social change Paper No. 4.01 Labour Market Developments and Social Welfare Hermine Vidovic* * The Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies 2013 www.grincoh.eu This paper was funded under the FP7 project “Growth– Innovation – Competitiveness: Fostering Cohesion in Central and Eastern Europe (GRINCOH)” under the Programme SSH.2011.2.2-1: Addressing cohesion challenges in Central and Eastern Europe; Area 8.2.2 Regional, territorial and social cohesion. Project Nr. 290657 Hermine Vidovic vidovic@wiiw.ac.at Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies www.wiiw.ac.at Please cite as: Vidovic H., (2013), ’Labour Market Developments and Social Welfare’, GRINCOH Working Paper Series, Paper No. 4.01 Labour Market Developments and Social Welfare Abstract Employment and activity rates in the new EU Member States (NMS) declined significantly up to the early 2000s and started to increase along with strong GDP growth thereafter. Job losses following the outbreak of the economic and financial crisis varied substantially across countries and have not been offset yet. Overall, the low educated and the young people are very disadvantaged on the NMS labour markets. With the exception of Poland and Slovenia, non-standard types of employment are uncommon in the NMS, following the pattern of Southern EU countries. Employment protection legislation has been adjusted to ‘European standards’ in the ...
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...GLOBALIZATION AND IT EFFECTS ON CULTURAL INTEGRATION: THE CASE OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC. INTRODUCTION I. AN OVERVIEW. With the growing standards of the world and the existing concepts and complexities in political, economic and socio-cultural ideologies, man has always and continuously pondered over the aspects of his nature. Unity, equality, trade and commerce are at the forefront of man's complexities. With these thoughts in mind, man has moved through history trying to satisfy his desires in relation to others. The advent of the twenty-first century gave birth to the idea of making the world a single village, thus, globalization. Globalization is the most talk-about issues in the 21st century. However, there is the difficulty of the world to come up with a single and uniform definition. This is because, so many people doubt if the happenings in the world today are as a result of globalization. Thus, due to these global differences of what this concept actually is about, globalization has grown to involve aspects not only of economy, but politics and other socio-cultural issues. Globalization affects almost every human being, this is because the process of globalization is said to have expanded almost through out the entire world either through transport, commerce, and communication. In addition, man’s activities on the globe are all located under these sectors. Culture, as a way of living of man, is identified by every one immediately after birth and was often...
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...Eur J Population (2007) 23:1–31 DOI 10.1007/s10680-006-9110-6 Population and labour force projections for 27 European countries, 2002–2052: impact of international migration on population ageing Projections de population et de population active pour 27 pays europeens ´ 2002–2052: impact de la migration internationale sur le vieillissement de la population Jakub Bijak Æ Dorota Kupiszewska Æ Marek Kupiszewski Æ Katarzyna Saczuk Æ Anna Kicinger Received: 8 August 2005 / Accepted: 31 March 2006 / Published online: 2 March 2007 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007 Abstract Population and labour force projections are made for 27 selected European countries for 2002–2052, focussing on the impact of international migration on population and labour force dynamics. Starting from single scenarios for fertility, mortality and economic activity, three sets of assumptions are explored regarding migration flows, taking into account probable policy developments in Europe following the enlargement of the EU. In addition to age structures, various support ratio indicators are analysed. The results indicate that plausible immigration cannot offset the negative effects of population and labour force ageing. Keywords Population projections Æ Labour force projections Æ International migration Æ Population ageing Æ Europe ´ ´ Resume Des projections de population et de population active sont presentees ´ ´ ´ ´ ´ ˆ pour 27 pays Europeens pour la periode 2002–2052, avec un interet particulier...
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...Starbucks Developing International Expansion Plan Starbucks Starbucks Corporation is a publicly traded company that was established in Seattle in 1971 and is now one of the fastest developing coffee retailers in the world. The company now has over 8,000 company operated stores and 7,803 licensed stores in 49 countries. Starbucks has been in a steady state of development since CEO Howard Shultz in a franchise with a group of investors in 1987. Starbucks is the largest coffee bar chain in the U.S. In actual fact, they are the largest in the world, with some 2,600 stores globally. These stores all have like products that are similar in appearance. Starbucks seeks to provide the same experience to coffee drinkers in Seattle, New York, London, Kuwait City, and Taipei. Starbucks also offers services to companies to supply coffee and related items to their employees, owns a supermarket channel run by Kraft Foods, and sells its coffee and other items directly to customers through catalogs and its website. Ahead of these items, the company has an agreement with Pepsi-Cola to develop and produce bottled coffee drinks like the "Frappuccino" drinks and an agreement with Dreyer's Grand Ice Cream to produce different flavors of ice cream. Moreover, the company provides coffee service to customers like airlines and hotels. To put all this in perspective, in fiscal year 2009, Company operated retail stores accounted for about 84% of revenues...
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...European Tourism Law (New policy) Table of contents Introduction I. Tourism in Europe a. Employment and growth i. Factors of growth b. Problems facing tourism ii. New destination iii. Environmental destruction II. Lisbon Treaty III. European Travel commison c. Members d. President e. Activities IV. Renewed European tourism policy. f. Mainstreaming measures affecting tourism iv. Financing g. Promotion of sustainable tourism h. Improving understanding and visibility of tourism V. Conclusion Webliography Appendix Introduction Tourism overview Tourism is a sector that is growing rapidly in European Union is as well a key sector in the European economy. The European Union recognizes the potential of tourism to generate employment and growth. The variety of attractions and quality of its tourism services made of Europe the world leading tourist destination. Tourism is therefore an activity which can play an important role in the economic sector in Europe. The EU tourism industry generates more than 5% of the EU GDP, with about 1,8 million enterprises employing around 5,2% of the total labour force (approximately 9,7 million jobs). When related sectors are taken into account, the estimated contribution of tourism to GDP creation is much higher: tourism indirectly generates more than 10% of the European Union's GDP and provides...
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...Municipal Bond Market Development Edited and with an introduction by: Priscilla Phelps, Senior Finance Advisor, Research Triangle Institute November 1997 Environmental and Urban Programs Support Project Project No. 940-1008 Contract No. PCE-1008-I-00-6005-00 Contract Task Order No. 06 Conducted by Research Triangle Institute Sponsored by the United States Agency for International Development Office of Environment and Urban Programs (G/ENV/UP) COTR Sarah Wines Finance Working Papers Table of Contents Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v Part I: Municipal Bond Market Development in Developing Countries: The Experience of the U.S. Agency for International Development . . . . . . . . . . 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 The Changing Situation of Local Governments and Their Financing Options . . . . . 4 Defining Municipal Financial Market Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Strategic Context for Municipal Bond Market Development at USAID . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Technical Summary of Municipal Bond Projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 USAID Experience...
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...Russia as a great power in the long run, particularly its economy, internal social stability and military. Professor Graeme Herd (2003), in his book “Russian Regions and Regionalism” notes the decline in Russia`s population has adverse effect on the following sectors: health reform, pensions, internal migration and the expected ethnic, religious and societal security challenges. Geographically, the Russian federation covers roughly 6.6 million square miles with a population of 142 million in 2010 and a population density of 21.5 per square mile (as of 2010). Russia has 160 different nationalities within its borders. As the ethnic Russians decline in population, the others increase like Muslims and Chinese are increasing. The declining demography in Russia is similar to those of several other nations in Western Europe. However, the causes for the decline in Russia are much serious. In fact Russia`s population decline and demographic challenges has been a subject of study for over a decade. In 2000 for example, the National Intelligence Council...
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...Tesco’s Recent Leadership and Change Management Name Course Date Tesco’s Recent Leadership and Change Management Introduction Tesco is one of the food and drink outlet industries in United Kingdom. It is a source of employment for over four million people, especially at primary production, assembling and selling to consumers (Alzola 2008). In UK supermarkets such as Tesco, they are under strict control by the government due to suppliers’ treatment concern. However, strategic supply improvements remain the main concern for most supermarkets for the past years (Auboin 2007). Analysis of Challenges in Tesco Company SWOT analysis of Tesco challenges provides the intended knowledge on: • Strengths of the company • Weaknesses of the company • Opportunities available for expansion in other nations • Threats and challenges likely to be encountered as a result of current and future market competition at global and regional levels. There are a number of strengths that Tesco can base its stamina in the growing market. However, Tesco’s market strength can largely be improved through increasing the market shares. This policy is an excellent strength that determines its stability in the competitive market (Stephen 2011). There are several weaknesses that challenge the development of Tesco as outlined in SWOT analysis. For example, reliance upon the UK market affects the market...
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...problems on the international level; it becomes a part of everyday people life including education sphere. Our team has received results of survey that is carried out among students of Germany, Uzbekistan and Albania. This survey about how culture affects the requirements for teaching offers. Respondents were offered to answer 26 questions according to education aspects and personal questions. In addition we had list of statistical data that should be collected about every country. For us it was necessary to compare found date and obtained results of existing survey and then to find correlation between it. We have considered three given countries: Germany, Uzbekistan and Albania. Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021square km with 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state and the largest economy in the European Union. It is one of the major political powers of the European continent and a technological leader...
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...France (officially the French Republic) is a country located in Western Europe. Here are some fun facts about France. * The most popular sports in France are football (soccer), rugby league and rugby union. Handball and basketball are also popular in many parts of France. * Well known sporting events held annually in France are the Tour de France (the best known road bicycle race in the world) and the French Open (one of the four Grand Slam tennis tournaments) * French literature is very popular and well known. Charles Perrault was one of France’s most influential children’s writers. He wrote books such as Cinderella, Sleeping Beauty and Puss in Boots. * The French healthcare system was ranked number one in the world back in 1997. Average life expectancy in France is currently 79.73 years. * 54% of French people identify themselves as being Christians, while 31% of people stated that they were not religious. Islam, Buddhism and Judaism are all practised by a minority (just over 1%) of the population * It is estimated that there are between 200,000 and 1 million illegal immigrants in France * France has an estimated population of 64.5 million, making it the 19th largest country (in terms of population) in the world. * France is the most popular tourist destination in the world. Nearly 82 million people traveled to France for holidays in 2007. Spain was the second most popular tourist destination with 58.5 million visitors. * In 2004, only 68...
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...------------------------------------------------- Albanian cuisine The cuisine of Albania is influenced by Turkish, Greek, and Italian cuisines, as well as ancient Greek, ancient Roman and Byzantine cooking. Every region in Albania and Kosovo has its own unique dishes. Albanian cuisine is characterized by the use of various mediterranean herbs such as Oregano, Black Pepper, Mint, Basil, Rosemary and more in cooking meat and fish. Olive oiland butter is also a main ingredient in different dishes. In Albania, meat (lamb, cow, rabbit and chicken) is used heavily in various dishes in most of the country. Seafood specialties are also common in the coastal areas such as Durrës, Vlorë,Shkoder, Lezhe and Sarandë. Vegetables are used in almost every dish. Usually, Albanian farmers grow every vegetable present in the Mediterranean region and sell them at the local Farmers Market. Vegetables are brought fresh at the Farmers Market early in the morning and this market is opened everyday. The main meal of the Albanians is lunch, which usually consists of gjellë, the main dish of slowly cooked meat, and a salad of fresh vegetables, such as tomatoes, cucumbers, greenpeppers, and olives. The salad is dressed with olive oil, vinegar, and salt. ------------------------------------------------- Appetizers * Bread (Bukë) or Corn Bread (Bukë misri) are ever present on the Albanian table. Hence the expression for "Going to eat a meal" (Albanian:për të ngrënë bukë) can be literally translated...
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...ISI, IBSS & SA DHET - FOR 2012 SUBMISSION TITLE LIST COUNTRY ISSN E-ISSN PUBLISHER'S DETAILS Subject classifaction International Accreditation - SA JOURNALS 4Or-A Quarterly Journal Of Operations Research ISI SCIENCE A + U-Architecture And Urbanism ISI ARTS & HUMANITIES A Contrario IBSS Aaa-Arbeiten Aus Anglistik Und Amerikanistik ISI ARTS & HUMANITIES Aaohn Journal ISI SCIENCE Aaohn Journal ISI SOC SCIENCE Aapg Bulletin ISI SCIENCE Aaps Journal ISI SCIENCE Aaps Pharmscitech ISI SCIENCE Aatcc Review ISI SCIENCE Abacus: Journal Of Accounting, Finance And Business Studies IBSS Abacus-A Journal Of Accounting Finance And Business StudiesISI SOC SCIENCE Abdominal Imaging ISI SCIENCE Abhandlungen Aus Dem Mathematischen Seminar Der UniversISI SCIENCE Abstract And Applied Analysis ISI SCIENCE Abstracts Of Papers Of The American Chemical Society ISI SCIENCE Academia-Revista Latinoamericana De Administracion ISI SOC SCIENCE Academic Emergency Medicine ISI SCIENCE Academic Medicine ISI SCIENCE Academic Pediatrics ISI SCIENCE Academic Psychiatry ISI SOC SCIENCE Academic Radiology ISI SCIENCE Academy Of Management Annals ISI SOC SCIENCE Academy Of Management Journal ISI SOC SCIENCE Academy Of Management Journal IBSS Academy Of Management Learning & Education ISI SOC SCIENCE Academy Of Management Perspectives ISI SOC SCIENCE Academy Of Management Perspectives IBSS Academy Of Management Review ISI SOC SCIENCE Academy Of Management Review IBSS Academy Of Marketing Science Review IBSS Acadiensis...
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...INTERNATIONAL ENTRY AND COUNTRY ANALYSIS A Lecture Programme delivered at the Technical University of Košice Andrew Harrison Formerly of Teesside University, United Kingdom December 20112 Andrew Harrison’s Brief Biography Andrew Harrison was a Principal Lecturer and Subject Group Leader in economics at Teesside University until August 2010 and has been a visiting lecturer at the Technical University of Košice since April 1993. He has also been a visiting lecturer in Germany, Ukraine and Singapore. Since leaving the full-time staff of Teesside University, he has continued to work as an occasional lecturer and as an external examiner at two other UK universities. He holds qualifications from London, Salford and Leeds Universities and Trinity College of Music, London. In April 2008, he was awarded the degree of Doctor Honoris Causa by the Technical University of Košice. He is married to Heather and has two grown-up children, David and Rachel. In his spare time he is a keen amateur pianist and organist. Brief Course Description International business activity is one of the key features of the contemporary global economy. The decision to venture abroad involves the evaluation of alternative entry modes, bearing in mind the degree of risk and the suitability of the business environment in a potential host country or region. Political, economic, cultural and other factors are all of vital importance. This short course aims to explore these issues in the light of current research and...
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...Index Introduction------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 Diversity Amid Globalization-------------------------------------------------------5 The Changing Global Environment----------------------------------------------11 North America---------------------------------------------------------------------------12 Latin America---------------------------------------------------------------------------23 The Caribbean--------------------------------------------------------------------------27 Sub-Saharan Africa-------------------------------------------------------------------31 Southwest Asia and North Africa------------------------------------------------32 Europe------------------------------------------------------------------------------------34 The Russian Domain-----------------------------------------------------------------39 Central Asia-----------------------------------------------------------------------------42 East Asia---------------------------------------------------------------------------------45 South Asia-------------------------------------------------------------------------------47 Southeast Asia-------------------------------------------------------------------------50 Australia and Oceania---------------------------------------------------------------57 Conclusion------------------------------------------------------------------------------60 Bibliography----------------------------------------------------------------------------61 ...
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...Insight Report The Global Competitiveness Report 2014–2015 Klaus Schwab, World Economic Forum Insight Report The Global Competitiveness Report 2014–2015 Full Data Edition Professor Klaus Schwab World Economic Forum Editor Professor Xavier Sala-i-Martín Columbia University Chief Advisor of The Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network © 2014 World Economic Forum World Economic Forum Geneva The Global Competitiveness Report 2014–2015: Full Data Edition is published by the World Economic Forum within the framework of The Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network. Copyright © 2014 by the World Economic Forum Professor Klaus Schwab Executive Chairman All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise without the prior permission of the World Economic Forum. Professor Xavier Sala-i-Martín Chief Advisor of The Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network Espen Barth Eide Managing Director and Member of the Managing Board ISBN-13: 978-92-95044-98-2 ISBN-10: 92-95044-98-3 Jennifer Blanke Chief Economist This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. THE GLOBAL COMPETITIVENESS AND BENCHMARKING NETWORK Margareta Drzeniek Hanouz, Head of the Global Competitiveness and Benchmarking Network and...
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