...Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, commonly known as PTSD, is a debilitating anxiety disorder experienced by many people who have been exposed to traumatic events. Some traumatic events include warfare, genocide, rape, or even a car accident. Results of witnessing or being a part of these incidents can result in flashbacks, emotional numbing, and hypervigilance. In the Civil War, it was referred to as “Da Costa’s Syndrome,” named after the Civil War doctor who described the symptoms. During WWI, PTSD was called “shell shock,” and after WWII, it was called “combat figure.” PTSD studies only started after the end of the Vietnam War. It was realized traumas caused the same symptoms and the disorder was consequently termed “posttraumatic stress disorder.”...
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...The United States Constitution By: Toby Glavin This essay is going to be based on the United States constitution; I am mostly going to be talking about the second amendment. The Second Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America asserts, “A well-regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed.” At the time when this amendment was passed, the country was still primarily an agrarian and hunting society; guns were a household item, and necessary for daily life. The armed farmer was the principal soldier in the revolution to establish an independent country. The framers of the Constitution understood that these gun-wielding countrymen were essential to the revolution, and wanted to insure the people would never be defenseless. In recent decades, with the waning practical application of guns in an industrialized nation, the Second Amendment has come under much fire. Living in a technologically advanced country, United States citizens no longer have a need for guns in their everyday lives and, therefore, many Americans have grown up in gun-less homes. The recent rash of violence across the country has shown that the ideals of modern American society have gone awry. Many are quick to blame guns as the reason for this violence. Actually, the problem is not the possession of guns; Americans have had them for over 200 years. Instead, the demise of the morals of society and the...
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...Lance Erickson Dr. Grey Peace Action and Nonviolence 12/13/13 Cumulative Essay Throughout the history of the world, we have come to realize that violence is often ubiquitous. Whether it be of domestic concern or international, most nations have, at least at one point in time, had to deal with these conflicts to prevent further damage. How a nation decides to address these sources of violence determines whether or not the conflict will be settled and put to an end, or merely pushed further, in most cases as a means of retaliation. However, in many instances we see these sources of violence to be pushed further, even though it may be unintended, which thus keeps the cycle of violence in our world in constant flow. In order to prevent this perpetuation and continuation of violence from happening, it is important for nations to implement peace action in their response to conflicts. Even though there have been many instances of peace action and nonviolent resistance that have impacted the world we live in, there have been more cases of violent action which outweigh acts of peace and may hold a greater impact on our world. This is why I believe it is safe to say that there is a constant need, or struggle, for peace action and non-violence to be present within all our nations. When looking at all the nations in our world, we see that certain governing and military forces are more influential than others, usually through wealth. Thus, the actions of these forces are...
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...Hidden Injury of War Robert Davis Carrington College PSY 113 Mrs. Butler October 30, 2014 Abstract Despite the major occurrence of posttraumatic stress disorder and depression among veterans returning from operations in Afghanistan and Iraq, much is yet to be understood about these conditions. Common methods for treatment include prolonged exposure therapy, cognitive processing therapy and pharmacological treatment. Systematic knowledge regarding access to care and quality of care delivered in civilian, VA, and military facilities for those who encounter barriers or difficulty is limited, and recent policy reviews have strongly questioned availability and quality of care. These problems of access and quality are major, overarching problems in war-related PTSD and depression treatment. Further research is needed because the negative psychological effects of war will continue as long as warfare continues. Hidden Injury of War Some might argue that war is fundamental to human culture. Though we may find ourselves idealistic regarding discovering more sustainable resources and more progressive and passive modes of thinking that may someday make war obsolete, we cannot deny the present reality of warfare. Once we acknowledge the prevalence of warfare, it follows that we would seek to understand its consequences, namely those it has upon its primary players, the soldiers and refugees, and desire to develop more effective methods for assessing this damage...
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...Dennis Nguyen Ms. Bell English 2P, Period 5 6 January 2016 Premature Revelation to Maturity The span of one’s guiltlessness is temporary, and the outcomes of losing grasp of it can greatly influence them. In Elie Wiesel’s novel, Night, he relives his experiences in which he’s compiled during the Holocaust that the German Nazis were held accountable for. On May 1944, towards the end of the Second World War, he at the age of fifteen, his family, and other Jews are forced by the Nazis to detach from their homes to attend their first concentration camp called Auschwitz. It was situated in Poland and his mother and youngest sister will die there while he and his father carry on their lives with the only priority of survival in their minds; little do they know, a dark future awaits them. It is in camp Buchenwald, located in Germany, to where Elie and his father transfer in the progressing years, that Nazi brutality becomes more conspicuous. This leaves him the last motive to remain alive, his father. As Elie continues to inhabit the surreal and agonizing environment with tortuous occurrences at every step, he finds it difficult to survive as an adolescent which leads to his quick transition into adulthood; thus leaving his state of innocence. Because of Elie’s loss of innocence, he is impacted by having his relationship with God suffer, being desensitized to deaths and atrocities, and reversing roles with his father. One way that Elie is impacted by his loss of...
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...back as long as since there has been any trauma. During the early periods, it was war that caused post-traumatic stress disorder. Signs and symptoms may start within three months from a traumatic event but sometimes it can also take years to develop. Post-traumatic stress disorder can be diagnosed base on signs and symptoms as well as psychological evaluation. Treatment for post traumatic disorder is psychotherapy but also includes medication. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) can affect individuals who have been exposed to an overwhelming traumatic incident such as the events of Hurricane Katrina, war, and or encounters of trauma such as rape, violence or child abuse. Throughout the history of post-traumatic stress disorder, it was not recognized as a disorder until 1980 in the Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) (Zagata, 2010). In the earlier periods, post-traumatic stress disorder was limited to war experiences. During the American Civil War, many physicians in the military experienced emotionally behaviors to stress and fear of battle that disabled them from working. They could not treat the soldiers do to this and had to send the soldiers home without any supervision. The symptoms related to battle stress was ignored as cowardice and lack of discipline. In 1905, the Russian army who was at war with the Japanese first connected mental issues with the stress from war. This is when they accept it as a real condition. During...
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...A Long Way Gone Essay Matthew Morgan Prof. Carey “On Democracy” Due: 02/27/08 For the “Everybody Reads” assignment I choose to attend the Central library book group discussion. When I first got there I was really surprised because I thought it was going to be a bigger event than what it was. There was only about 10 people total, and 5 of us were students who were there for this exact assignment. It was a really interesting discussion because half of the people that attended were my age and the other half was about two generations older, so there was a very diverse pool of perspectives and opinions. But because there was a large generation gap it was a bit more difficult for me to share my views, so I mainly listened and observed other people’s thoughts. The discussion itself was very helpful because of the different views people had about the memoir. One of the themes of A Long Way Gone that we discussed was the importance of hope. We mainly talked about how this theme was not constant throughout the memoir and that it changed with time. For example one person brought up how at first Ishmael’s only motivator was the hope of his parents being alive, then when he realized that he would never be reunited with them he had lost his hope. It was only when he remembered what his father had said about a person only lives if they have something to live for which gave him his hope back. As far as themes that’s really the only one that we discussed, but we did discuss a lot...
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...Running head: Does Media Violence Promote Aggressive Behavior Does Exposure to Media Violence Promote Aggressive Behavior? Valerie Bean Psychology 150-107 October 29, 2011 Abstract There have been many studies done on the effects of media violence exposure and aggressive behavior. First the term media violence needs to be examined. What form of media violence is perceived to be the most influential? There are television shows, movies, music, news shows and newspapers, video games and cartoons. What type of violence such as, murder, rape, bullying, or theft is the public more apt to associate with and be affected by? Should a look at how true violent crimes are reported by the media also be considered? Last we should also look at statistics of rising population and families that have more than one income to survive now compared to 60 years ago. The term “media violence” is defined by Merriam Webster Dictionary as: Media – Plural of the word medium which is the means of communication, such as radio, television, newspaper, magazines, music etc. that reaches or influences people widely Violence – an exertion of physical force so as to injure or abuse; injury by or as if by distortion infringement or profanation; an intense, turbulent or furious and often destructive action of force. Does Exposure to Media Violence Promote Aggressive Behavior? There are many forms of media and different ways they can influence behavior. Researchers, Politicians, Psychiatrists, and...
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...General Psychology Dr. Williams In Tori DeAngelis article “PTSD Treatments Grow in Evidence, Effectiveness” she argues that several psychological interventions help to significantly reduce post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. But after reading the article an impression that its content is somehow contradictory to the title, as its main statement may be evaluated as “More PTSD treatments are developed and practiced, though all of them still lack reliable evidence and their consequences are not fully predictable”. In the article DeAngelis states that recent destructive events (ie war in Iraq) enabled researches to learn more about PTSD and its treatment. Particularly in November 2008 the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) issued new PTSD practice guidelines which also take into consideration the recommendations of other major practice-related bodies. Using the “A” to “E” grading system, the guidelines label several PTSD treatments as “A” treatments based on high degree of empirical support. Having several “A”-graded treatments will allow therapists to select the treatment they consider most suitable. They include: 1. Prolonged-exposure therapy, developed for the therapist to guide the client to recall traumatic memories in a gradual, controlled and repeated manner until the person can evaluate his/her circumstances realistically, regain control over their thoughts and feelings around the incident and return to their...
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...event, threat of injury or death, and pain,” (Valente, 2010). A traumatic event can be military combat, natural disasters, terrorist incidents, serious accidents, or physical or sexual assault. Most people who are exposed to a traumatic event will have stress reactions for the immediate days or weeks following the incident, however with some time will be able to deal with the event and return to normal. However, some people will have stress reactions that do not go away on their own and may even worsen with time. These individuals are at risk for developing PTSD. Post traumatic stress disorder became a formal diagnosis in the 1980s, however was recognized as early as the American Civil War when combat veterans were referred to as suffering from “soldier’s heart.” After serving in wars, many returned home deeply traumatized,...
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...War usually tells us a story that is about death, violence, brutality and tragedy faced by the soldiers that are sent to the battlefield. However, war doesn’t only tell that story, but rather looks at the survival and sacrifices that soldiers must face in order to survive – and uncovers the true reality of war. This can be seen in selected stories from Tim O’Brien’s novel the things they carried and Wilfred Owen’s WWI poem Dulce Est decorum. Through the individual stories the man I killed and the things they carried, we are able to explore how the author struggles to deal with the effects of war, surviving through the guilt and heartache of expected murder and sacrificing individual dreams in order to keep his team safe. Similarly, Owen’s poem explores how individuals have to survive through the ghastly environments associated with war at the cost of individual lives. Both texts reveal how men at war are forced to sacrifice their hopes and dreams in order to survive the demands of war. In Tim O’Brien’s novel, the things they carried, the composer gives us an insight into the mindset and the emotional depth of soldiers in war, and the difficult sacrifices needed to make in order to survive. The theme of sacrifice is most evident in the chapter the things they carried, as the main character Jimmy Cross faces a moral dilemma; to either sacrifice his dreams, or to sacrifice the safety of his team, after the death of Ted Lavender in which he felt responsible for. The quote “He had...
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...“Technology has altered the face of war” (Globalization 101)—the world’s oldest exhibition, and running in perpetuity. Every facet of contemporary warfare has been technologically advanced with the cataclysmal intention of moderating soldier-to-soldier confrontation. The onset of World War One—hitherto an unparalleled conflict—prompted the world powers involved to “update” their wartime methodology. The result of these updates would ultimately birth the United States’ opportunity at world dominion. Manipulating initially how combat was seen and prepared for were Observation Balloons: piloted hydrogen-filled blimps first popularized in the French Revolutionary War that were adopted primarily to enhance reconnaissance (Globalization 101). Eliminating altogether the level of soldier endangerment in surveillance operations came the advent of Radar just before the commencement of World War Two (the title being an amalgamation of “Radio Detection and Ranging”) (Globalization 101). Radar was the first invention to come of the twentieth century that largely impersonalized...
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...Hate speech is highly prevalent in American culture, especially in our youth today. I believe this to be because of the desensitization of those that grew up during the 90’s and the fact that the concept of words are always changing. For example, I recall many kids using the word “gay” and the more derogatory version of it to signify that something is foolish or uninteresting. This constant misuse of the word desensitized many to the word and as the meaning of the word changed and that it was used in more literal contexts, as well, resulted in the abuse of the word. I do not perceive many situations that allow hate speech to flourish but I can see some immensely rare circumstances such as in the context of war on foreign soil. The textbook...
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...Institution Imperial War Museum Review Peter Kennard is known for the use of imagery that reflects the politics of Britain up until now. The work impacts other political artists in Britain and beyond. The book, “Unofficial War Artist,” is a compilation of the best of the work of Kennard. As a photomontage artist, Kennard faced the risk of letting the message overshadow the imagery, just like other artists that use art to communicate. The art of Kennard includes the use of images to represent the different circumstances in the politics of Britain. There is the use of paintings, clippings from newspapers and reports of the UN and testimonies from the victims of such events. In the end, the message of the adverse effects of war is communicated to all who come into contact with the work. The use of clippings is prevalent in the representation of the series called STOP. The combination of the magazine clippings and pictures from magazines and newspapers to show the Prague Spring, the Student Riots in Paris and the War of Vietnam. The work is simultaneously represented onto canvas whereby the work gives the story and sends out the feelings of the artist. The book on the work of “Imperial War Museum,” compiles all the works by Kennard regarding hunger, poverty, suffering, survival and debt whereby all are married at an instant. use of casual connections in the imagery and the facts is fascinating. Some of the representations appear with captions. The work on the Iraq war, for instance...
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...understands you. You have no one to talk to. You live in fear. How would you handle it? “The brave men and women, who serve their country and as a result, live constantly with the war inside them, exist in a world of chaos. But the turmoil they experience isn’t who they are; the PTSD invades their minds and bodies.” Robert Koger said this thought-provoking quote in his book, Death´s Revenge. The quote captures the chaotic and fearful nature of PTSD. PTSD, or Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, is a mental health problem that some people develop after experiencing or witnessing a life-threatening event, like combat, a natural disaster, a car accident, or sexual assault ("What Is PTSD?"). People who suffer from PTSD can have various symptoms. They often will have vivid flashbacks of the event that triggered the...
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