Wayne Fleming
Goodnight
1-A
DISSECTION:

What is dissection? For some the procedure has solved some of the mysteries of life, for others it was simply mysterious and cruel. But by definition, dissection is the observing or cutting into a dead animal for the purposes of learning anatomy or physiology. In other words,Myth vs. Reality. There are also many other questions that students and others may have about dissection. There are many arguments as to whether it is necessary for the student's education or inhumane. Therefore, this act should stop completely. Through my research I have found that it is both necessary for learning and it can be inhumane. At which, another choice or alternative should always be available for the student who is not willing to dissect and at no expense to their grade.Many advances in medicine and in the understanding of how organisms function have been the direct result of animal dissection. Aristotle who revealed anatomical differences amoung animals by dissecting them performed some of the earliest recorded studies involving animals. In the United States dissections were common in colleges as early as the late 1800s. Myth vs. Reality Nevertheless, rebellion has been growing in the science laboratories of the nation's schools as a growing number of students refuse to dissect.Dissection is a way of separating or dividing into parts or pieces. Dissection is being called the way of discovery in understanding human anatomy, know and form, and human physiology, known as a function. Dissection of animal and human dead bodies produces a vast pool of knowledge, not only of the gross anatomy muscles, organs, skeletal structure or whatever, but has led to understanding the very essence of life at the genetic and molarcular level of genes, cells , and DNA. Dissection has been know to be highly controversial, and still is to this day. Long ago, Human dissection was forbidden in ancient Roman and Greek religions and in many countries in the mid-twentieth century. by the twentieth century, animal dissection was still being strongly influenced by many individuals and organizations worldwide.The first human dissection that was recorded occured in the sixth century in the period of time as reckoned from a specific date serving of the Greek philosopher Alcmaeon By Herophilus of Chalcedon discovered which is know to be the first school of anatomy in Alexandria, that is where he encouraged the practice of human cadaver dissection openly, which lead up to some of the greatest and influential medical knowledge of ancient times. Herophilus is the publicly announced with describing the liver, duodenum, circulatory system, spleen, eye, brain tissue, and genitals, therefore being the first to recognized between nerves of the feeling and motor movement nervous system. A encyclopedist and physician from Rome named Aulus Cornelius Celsus , reported alligations of divided in half of living criminals in Alexandria during the times of Ptolemy 2 and 3. In addition, Celsus published a now collection that has just now become famous about Greek medical writings around A.D. 30. Inwhich, he suggested that it was foribidden to open the bodies of the dead wasessential to learners, and such practices were forbiddden. Even so, in A.D. 180, A Greek physician named Galen published his great works on anatomy, mainly from knowledge he gained while performing two secret dissections.The practice of human dissection was again formally forbidden by the Roman church back in1163, it was 1315 by time the first manual on dissection was published publically by Italian surgeon, Mondino de Luzzi. No matter what of religious forbidness and superstition in the general population, scientific interest and thoughts in the human anatomy continued. In the 1500s, it made a major resurgence due to a large ammount to the drawings of muscular structures by Leonardo da Vinci. Even so, back in 1564, Andreas Vesalius, who was a founder of modern anatomy was giving a sentence of death for performing dissections, and publishing his well known seven volume De corporis humani fabrica that symbolizes the first accurate drawings of the human anatomy.after the Reformation in had freed protestants from Catholic rule in 1565, Royal College of Physicians in London, England was granted permission to perform dissections on human cadavers, But as the research grew, so did the need for cadavers. England was using bodies of criminals and the unclaimed poor by 1700's.During an time period when people believed being dissected after death was even worse than being hung, the threat of potential dissection acted as a discouragement to crime. In some cases where prisoners were murdered, publice motion against dissection ran extremely high, and the bodies were saved from the surgeon's scalpel by angry mobs who attended the public executions. As a result, grave-robbing became popular business as surgeons hired bodysnatchers to rob graves of their newly buried dead people. There was a 3 day riot ensued after children peeking through a hospital window saw medical students dissecting human cadavers in 1788. The parents were told by their children of whom discovered his wife's body missing from her grave. Long after, NewYork passed a law the next year to allow doctors to more readily recieve cadavers for dissection. similar in England, the Anatomy Act in 1832 allowed bodies that were not claimed to be used for dissection. As late as 1829, The scarcety of human cadavers resulted in William Burk of Edinburgh being hung for smothering victims, and after, selling their bodies to surgeons.By the twentieth century, dissection and autopsy was a widely accepted practice. By the end of the century, even undergraduate biology students at certain universities in the United States could dissect human bodies that were given to them as anatomical gifts, As many individuals were designating their organs upon their death for research or organ transplantatation, and so the controversy of dissection comes about. Millions of healthy animals such as frogs, cats, mink, pigs, rats,and many more, are killed each year so that ther is proper dissection in classrooms around the world. Its the same as mice, rats, dogs are used for medical research and testing of products. While many life scientists have believed that dissection remains absolutely nescessary to the pursuit of knowledge and understanding of the human body. protests from parents, students, and organizations have been led to legislation in several of the U.S. states, and other countries that allow students the right to not dissect if they dont want to, without harming their grade. Dissection has been around for a long period of time, and has been defined in many ways. Its a good thing that people made it possible for us to dissect, because anatomy wouldnt be as interesting if it were not about exploring and actuality.