...Emotional Disturbance Print Collect It! Email By M.A. Mastropieri|T.E. Scruggs Pearson Allyn Bacon Prentice Hall Updated on Jul 20, 2010 Prevalence and Definitions Individuals classified as having emotional disturbance (or behavioral disorders) represent 8.1% of all students ages 6–21 served under IDEA, or .72% of the school population (U.S. Department of Education, 2002a). However, prevalence studies have suggested that the actual percentage may be much higher. Boys outnumber girls in this category by about 3.5 to 1 (Oswald, Best, Coutinho, & Nagle, 2003). Emotional disturbance refers to a number of different, but related, social-emotional disabilities. Individuals classified as emotionally disturbed meet several criteria established under IDEA, including the following: An inability to exhibit appropriate behavior under ordinary circumstances An inability to maintain relationships with peers or teachers An inappropriate affect such as depression or anxiety An inappropriate manifestation of physical symptoms or fears in response to school or personal difficulties These characteristics must be manifested over an extended time period and have a negative effect on school performance (U.S. Department of Education, 2002a). Individuals classified as emotionally disturbed represent a range of severity, and the disability itself may be temporary or permanent. Specific emotional disturbance areas include childhood schizophrenia; selective mutism (failure to speak...
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...one-hundred percent of understanding. There are always students who failed but failure in examination does not imply that they are that dumb to learn. One of the major contributors of it is “Emotional Disturbances (ED)”. Most students with emotional disturbance have problems with their social behavior, often manifested as less mature or inappropriate social skills. Some students may be particularly aggressive with peers and adults and cause harm when playing or interacting with others. These students act out in class, do not appear to respond appropriately to discipline from teachers and may seem oblivious to class and school rules. Students with behavioral disorders are at higher risk for substance abuse. Other students may exhibit social behavior similar to that of younger children and act socially immature. Some students may withdraw from others and appear socially isolated. Individuals with selective mutism have the physical ability to talk but nevertheless do not speak in appropriate situations (Brigham & Cole, 1999). All of these emotional or behavioral disorders share the characteristic of an inability to interact appropriately with others, including peers, teachers, siblings, and parents, which negatively affects school performance. Students with emotional disturbance may also inappropriately attribute their behavioral or social problems to causes outside themselves, saying things such as, “Teachers are out to get me,” or “Other kids always get me into trouble.” By...
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...Road to Revolution Essay I think that Texas did have a right to begin a revolution against Mexico. The Mexican officials and land commissioners didn’t stay true to their promises (laws). The first Mexican official we learned about was Haden Edwards. He was a Kentucky businessman who enraged many settlers in Texas when he threatened to sell the land of the settlers who didn’t have a land title, even if their family had been living on the land for years. After his contract was canceled by the Mexican government, Benjamin Edwards (his brother) started the Fredonian Rebellion. The huge amount of interest in the revolt worried the Mexican government, so they decided to send Mier y Teran to Texas so he could investigate conditions there, find out how much control Mexico had, and to give recommendations about how to change the conditions. His recommendations to the president convinced the Mexican government to pass the Law of April 6, 1830, which changed rules on immigration and trade in Texas. Instead of strengthening Mexico’s control, the Law of April 6, 1830 angered many settlers who wanted their family and friends to move to Texas and who feared the restrictions would hurt the economy. Francisco Madero approved land titles for settlers in the Anahuac settlement until Bradburn arrested him; saying that Madero was working illegally (according to the Decree of April 6, 1830), which angered many Texans. George Fisher, a customs official, demanded that all ships landing...
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...Acid-base disturbances The Acid Base Imbalance Regulation of hydrogen ion concentration in the body is a necessity for normal body functions.1 H + concentration in all body fluids are maintained to maintain pH ranges within narrow limits, this service is known as the balance acid-base (AB) 2.Arterial blood pH is maintained between 7.35-7.45, venous blood remains near 7,352. Most diseases / conditions disrupt AB, AB changes may be more harmful than the initial pathology. When AB is affected, causing the pH to vary from its limits, is called an acid-base (ABI) imbalance 2 However, there are processes instead of ABI less likely to occur. AB is maintained sequentially by several mechanisms: chemical buffers, respiratory system and renal system 3. Acid-Base Imbalance ABI is an irregularity in the body's balance of acids and bases. These deviations cause blood pH deviates outside its normal range. Imbalances can become life threatening. When an excess of acid causes pH to fall below 7.35 result in acidosis1. An excess base, causing it to rise above pH 7.45 alkalosis1 called. The imbalance is classified according to the origin of the disturbance (respiratory or metabolic) and the direction of change in pH (acidosis or alkalosis) 2 Thus may occur for example four alkalosis metabolic processes (MK), metabolic acidosis (MA ), respiratory alkalosis (RK) and respiratory acidosis (RA) 2. imbalance causes The general reasons for the accumulation of acid are usually Poor carbon...
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...Nurs 2820 Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance Name: _______________________________________ Case Study Jimmy Lewis is brought to the hospital emergency room by some friends. He had been vomiting for several days and was complaining of heart palpitations. Mr. Lewis is a 58-year-old white male who is homeless. He has not had any health care for at least 10 years. He is an alcoholic and drinks a quart of gin or vodka every day. He does not have a job, and his family is all out of state. The emergency physician does an initial assessment and transfers him to a hospitalist, who admits him to a medical-surgical unit for further evaluation and treatment. Mr. Lewis has lab work drawn. His electrolytes are as follows: sodium 138 mEq/L, potassium 3.1 mEq/L (low), chloride 104 mEq/L, and magnesium 1.5 mEq/L (low). His arterial blood gas measurements are as follows: pH 7.48 (high), PaCO2 40 mm Hg, HCO3 29 (high). Jamie Taylor, a 22-year-old nursing student, is assigned to Mr. Lewis. She reviews Mr. Lewis’ medical record before going in to assess him. 1. After reviewing his chart and lab work, what fluid and electrolyte imbalances would Jamie determine? (Select all that Apply) A. Fluid volume deficit B. Hypokalemia C. Hypermagnesemia D. Hyperkalemia E. Hypomagnesemia 2. What acid-base imbalance is Mr. Lewis experiencing? A. Metabolic acidosis B. Respiratory acidosis C. Metabolic alkalosis D. Respiratory alkalosis 3. The hospitalist orders an IV of D5NS to...
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...Earthquakes and Other Tectonic Disturbances Pose One of the Major Physical Threats to Civilisations Particularly in Developing Countries The major factors to this will be looking at tectonic activity, the earthquakes they cause aswell as the distribution of these developing civilisations in order to ascertain whether the major threat to their final goal of civilisation is plausible or not. Earthquakes are defined in the Oxford dictionary as: a sudden release of energy in the earth's crust or upper mantle; usually caused by movement along a fault plane or by volcanic activity and resulting in the generation of seismic waves which can be destructive. Tectonic plates are defined as: A theory explaining the structure of the earth’s crust and many associated phenomena as resulting from the interaction of rigid lithospheric plates which move slowly over the underlying mantle; by the same dictionary. Finally, civilisations are defined as: The process by which a society or place reaches an advanced stage of social development and organization. The largest cities tend to be in developing countries due to the fact they have not yet reached stage 5 of the Demographic Transition Model and many of the pull factors that cause cities to grow still exist. MEDC’s tend to have reached a point whereby people move out of major cities in order to find a suitable environment for family life. Thus from this we can see that already LEDC’s are most at risk from tectonic activity. Earthquakes do...
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...electronics devices and gadgets that are connected to the power systems to assist in their functioning. Such devices include motors, transformers, and generators. Such devices offer optimal functionality when they are used under the right conditions and when they are stable. Stability is of critical importance to power systems. As such, this essay describes some of the fundamental concepts of the stability of power systems. It also highlights how balance is achieved in a synchronous generator. A system is said to be stable if it can regain its normal equilibrium state after an imposed disturbance is removed. Power system stability is referenced from a particular initial operating condition. As such, a system is said to be stable if the opposing forces within it are balanced and at a perfect equilibrium. Instability is caused by imbalance sustained when the opposing forces are not equal. The resulting disturbance causes instability within the power system (Grigsby 2012, p. 10). The power system is considered to be highly nonlinear because the environment in which it operates keeps changing frequently. Such changes have a resultant effect on the stability of the system. Fluctuations in parameters are experienced in loads across the networks of the system, outputs of the generator, network topology, and other primary operating parameters (Machowski, Bialek and...
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...Limiting Factors Trees and stands of trees are able to survive and grow under unique combinations of environmental conditions (e.g., nourishment, moisture, light and space). Different types of trees or stands require different combinations of these factors depending on their particular adaptations. Healthy, productive stands are those in which these factors are found in appropriate quantities for optimum growth and development for the species mix in question. When one or more factors are in short supply the growth and development of the tree or stand is affected. Where a serious soil moisture shortage exists, for example, increasing the abundance of light, space or soil nutrients would not likely increase the growth rate of trees at that site. As soil moisture is increased, however, a corresponding increase in the growth and development of the stand could be expected until some other factor becomes limiting. The manner in which these factors interact at the scale of the seedling will determine the ability of seedlings to germinate, become established, survive, and grow. Among the factors affecting growing conditions at any site, the one that, if increased, will result in the greatest corresponding increase in productivity of the stand, is considered to be the “most limiting factor”. ABIOTIC FACTORS BIOTIC FACTORS REGENERATION HANDBOOK 1 Limiting Factors Light and Space. All growing plants require sunlight for photosynthesis…trees included! For most tree species...
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...The rhythm disturbances were also maximum in this age group. The minimum incidence of myocardial infarction was in the age group 20 to 29 years. The oldest patient was 85 year old male. The youngest patient was 23 year old male. Table: 4 Incidences of Rhythm Disturbances In patients With Various Risk Factors In Acute MI Risk Factors Patient with Patient with Rhythm p MI Disturbances value (Total =100) No. of No. of percentage Patients Patients Smoking 57 38 66.7 0.0000 Diabetes 55 37 67.3 0.0000 Hypertension 38 23 60.5 0.0225 Alcohol 33 25 75.8 0.0000 Hypercholesterolemia 51 19 37.3...
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...Development In this assignment, you will investigate the biotic and abiotic structure and function of an ecosystem. Choose one of the following ecosystems: * Tropical rainforest * Grassland * Coral Reef * Estuary * Desert You will write a two to three page APA-style research paper about your choice of ecosystem including: * Where might this type of ecosystem be located? Give one specific example. * Describe the structure of the ecosystem: List both the abiotic components and biotic components * Describe the function of the ecosystem: How do the abiotic and biotic components interact in biogeochemical cycles? Describe both the carbon and nitrogen cycles * Describe disturbance and recovery: Describe one natural and one human caused disturbance to the ecosystem. Explain the damage to the ecosystem, including how the abiotic and biotic characteristics of the ecosystem changed. * Explain how ecosystems recover naturally ... (More) Ecosystem Definition noun, plural: ecosystems A system that includes all living organisms (biotic factors) in an area as well as its physical environment (abiotic factors) functioning together as a unit. Supplement An ecosystem is made up of plants, animals, microorganisms, soil, rocks, minerals, water sources and the local atmosphere interacting with one another. Word origin: coined in 1930 by Roy Clapham, to denote the physical and biological components of an environment considered in relation to each...
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...devices and gadgets that are connected to the power systems to assist in their functioning. Such devices include motors, transformers, and generators. Such devices offer optimal functionality when they are used under the right conditions and when they are stable. Stability is of critical importance to power systems. As such, this essay describes some of the fundamental concepts of the stability of power systems. It also highlights how balance is achieved in a synchronous generator. A system is said to be stable if it can regain its normal equilibrium state after an imposed disturbance is removed. Power system stability is referenced from a particular initial operating condition. As such, a system is said to be stable if the opposing forces within it are balanced and at a perfect equilibrium. Instability is caused by imbalance sustained when the opposing forces are not equal. The resulting disturbance causes instability within the power system (Grigsby 2012, p. 10). The power system is considered to be highly nonlinear because the environment in which it operates keeps changing frequently. Such changes have a resultant effect on the stability of the system. Fluctuations in parameters are experienced in loads across the networks of the system, outputs of the generator, network topology, and other primary operating parameters (Machowski, Bialek and Bumby...
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...Emotional Disorders and its Impact in a Child’s Life Lipscomb University Abstract This paper explores the different impacts that Emotional Disorders can have on a child’s life. It will cover the impact on the child’s learning, on the classroom, and on the child’s family. The research for this paper was conducted online and offline. Some of the content is reflected from personal experiences. This paper will discuss some characteristics of Emotional Disorders, how the parents can help their child grow, the best ways for the child to learn, and some suggestions for teachers that may have a child with this disability in their classroom. Emotional Disorders and its Impact in a Child’s Life The day you find out you are going to become a parent is a very emotional time. You have certain expectations, dreams, hope, fear, and an overwhelming feeling of being a protector. As a parent you want the very best for your child and you vow to never let anyone or anything hurt them. When that new baby is placed in your arms you are filled with love, excitement, and joy. You pray that your child will be happy and healthy. You have dreams that your child will live a very full, exciting, happy life. But when you are told that your child has a disability your world changes, your hopes and dreams are suddenly replaced with fear and uncertainty. You are now the parent of a child that will need special care and attention for the rest of their life. You are confused and scared, and...
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...Dr. Elmore is an Extension Wildlife Specialist. He helps with the current natural resource issues that are in Oklahoma. Dr. Elmore talked about plant and forest life, positives and negatives to disturbances, and solutions to help the problems. There are three things that plant life need to thrive in the world. Plants and trees need climate, soil, and disturbances. One disturbances that grassland and prairies are dependent on is fire. Fire helps get rid of old grass and bring back fresh grass in its wake. It also gets out unwanted things such as red cedars who are fire intolerant. Even though the disturbances are a needed thing for plant life, there is positives and negatives to them. Having too much of a disturbance and not enough it can both benefit some species and hurt others depending on what you are wanting. When you over fire landscapes you keep the grass short driving species away who prefer a higher grassland. Those who prefer the short grass will thrive in this environment. The same goes for the grassland that doesn’t see a lot fire has tall grass and some trees, it works for those who seek taller grass rather those who do not. Fire is not the only disturbances in the prairies, there is also wind bines,...
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...Discuss at least two causes of sleep disturbance. What effects have been shown to occur as a result? Sound sleep is vital for human functioning on a daily basis. Yet some people do not get the required amount. Whether, inadequate sleep might be due to physical, psychological or socioeconomic conditions, sleep disturbance is a common problem. Impaired sleep or sleep disturbance means failure to fall asleep, inability to regain sleep and persistent arousal during the night (Prinz, 1977, as cited in Harrington & Avidan, 2009). The most familiar types of sleep disorders are insomnia; difficulty falling asleep in-spite of sufficient sleep opportunity, and obstructed sleep apnea; difficulty in breathing while asleep that results in frequent awakening (Harrington & Avidan, 2009). The multiple causes of sleep disturbance may include ageing, noise, chronic disease, nocturia, alcoholism, chronic pain, obesity and stress. This essay focuses on three common causes of sleep disturbance: ageing, noise and psychological problems. It also focuses on consequences like memory impairment and increased risk of motor vehicle accidents. Ageing may be a common cause of sleep disturbance. Changes in sleep pattern, like increased lighter stages of sleep, increased fragmented sleep, as well as decreased total sleep time and early morning awakenings may all occur with advancing age. The prevalence of obstructed sleep apnea is 13% among older men and 4% among older women (Enright et al., 1996...
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...SUCCESSION Virtually all plant communities experience, from time to time, disturbances that remove all or some of the plant biomass. Thus, diversity is influenced heavily by disturbance =is the directional change in community composition and structure over time. • "begins" when a disturbance is followed by colonization or re-growth of the disturbed site by plants • Natural, gradual changes in the types of species that live in an area; can be primary or secondary • The gradual replacement of one plant community by another through natural processes over time Causes of Plant Succession • Autogenic succession (2 types) can be brought by changes in the soil caused by the organisms there. These changes include accumulation of organic matter in litter or humic layer, alteration of soil nutrients, change in pH of soil by plants growing there. The structure of the plants themselves can also alter the community. For example, when larger species like trees mature, they produce shade on to the developing forest floor that tends to exclude light-requiring species. Shade-tolerant species will invade the area. • Allogenic changes are caused by external environmental influences and not by the vegetation. For example soil changes due to erosion, leaching or the deposition of silt and clays can alter the nutrient content and water relationships in the ecosystems. Animals also play an important role in allogenic changes as they are pollinators, seed dispersers and...
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