...THE END of POVERTY Economic Possibilities for Our Time JEFFREY D. SACHS THE PENGUIN PRESS N E W YORK 2005 THE PENGUIN PRESS Published by the Penguin Group Penguin Group (USA) Inc.. 375 Hudson Street. New York, New York 10014, U.S.A. Penguin Group (Canada), 10 Alcorn Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4V 3B2 (a division of Pearson Penguin Canada Inc.) Penguin Books Ltd, 80 Strand, London WC2R ORL, England Penguin Ireland, 25 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland (a division of Penguin Books Ltd) Penguin Books Australia Ltd, 250 Camberwell Road, Camberwell, Victoria 3124, Australia (a division of Pearson Australia Group Pty Ltd) - Penguin Books India Pvt Ltd, 11 Community Centre, Panchsheel Park, New Delhi-110 017, India ' Penguin Group (NZ), Cnr Airborne and Rosedale Roads, Albany, Auckland 1310, NewZealand (a division of Pearson New Zealand Ltd) - Penguin Books (South Africa) (Pty) Ltd, 24 Sturdee Avenue, Rosebank, Johannesburg 2196, South Africa Penguin Books Ltd, Registered Offices: 80 Strand, London WC2R ORL, England First published in 2005 by The Penguin Press, a member of Penguin Group (USA) Inc. Copyright ©Jeffrey D. Sachs, 2005 All rights reserved Page 397 constitutes an extension of this copyright page, LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING IN PUBLICATION DATA Sachs, Jeffrey. The e n d of poverty / Jeffrey Sachs. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-59420-045-9 1. Poverty—Developing countries. 2. Developing countries—Economic policy...
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...The effects of poverty The effects of poverty are serious. Children who grow up in poverty suffer more persistent, frequent, and severe health problems than do children who grow up under better financial circumstances. * Many infants born into poverty have a low birth weight, which is associated with many preventable mental and physical disabilities. Not only are these poor infants more likely to be irritable or sickly, they are also more likely to die before their first birthday. * Children raised in poverty tend to miss school more often because of illness. These children also have a much higher rate of accidents than do other children, and they are twice as likely to have impaired vision and hearing, iron deficiency anemia, and higher than normal levels of lead in the blood, which can impair brain function. Levels of stress in the family have also been shown to correlate with economic circumstances. Studies during economic recessions indicate that job loss and subsequent poverty are associated with violence in families, including child and elder abuse. Poor families experience much more stress than middle-class families. Besides financial uncertainty, these families are more likely to be exposed to series of negative events and “bad luck,” including illness, depression, eviction, job loss, criminal victimization, and family death. Parents who experience hard economic times may become excessively punitive and erratic, issuing demands backed by insults, threats, and...
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... Web CT – to be announced Wed. 300-730 pm Phil. 334 ETHICS TOPICS COURSE: GLOB AL JUSTICE Required Texts: Rodney G. Peffer, Global Justice, Human Rights, and the Natural Environment (i.e. various published articles and unpublished essays that are components of this work that will either be put on ERES or emailed to you; there’s nothing to buy) David Schweickart, After Capitalism John Rawls, The Law of Peoples Thomas Pogge & Keith Horton (ed.), Global Ethics: Seminal Essays Thomas Pogge & Darrel Moellendorf (ed.), Global Justice: Seminal Essays Will Kymlicka, Politics in the Vernacular (Optional) E-Reserve Essays are in: Phil. 340 E-Reserves: Password = “war” Phil. 338 E-Reserves: Password = “endangered” Phil. 462 E-Reserves: Password = “worldpeace” A. Essays by Rodney G. Peffer (Peffer) B. Marxism, Morality, and Social Justice (MMSJ) I –XXI (Essays) = Essays by other authors divided into Sections All ERES Readings are in my Phil. 462 ERES unless noted otherwise. * = An important component of my next book. Jan. 26 General Introduction to Course Jan. 31 Basics of Political Philosophy/ Peffer’s Theory of Social Justice The following 6 short essays by me are in the “Introductory Materials” sub-folder of the “Essays by Rodney G. Peffer” folder of my Phil. 462 ERES. R.G. Peffer *“On the Nature of Morality” (Peffer – 3) (4th essay from bottom) ...
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...What Should a Billionaire Give – and What Should You? . . . . . TWITTER LINKEDIN SIGN IN TO E-MAIL OR SAVE THIS PRINT SHARE By PETER SINGER Published: December 17, 2006 What is a human life worth? You may not want to put a price tag on a it. But if we really had to, most of us would agree that the value of a human life would be in the millions. Consistent with the foundations of our democracy and our frequently professed belief in the inherent dignity of human beings, we would also agree that all humans are created equal, at least to the extent of denying that differences of sex, ethnicity, nationality and place of residence change the value of a human life. Q. and A. Peter Singer answers readers' questions on the ethics of billionaire spending and philanthropy. With Christmas approaching, and Americans writing checks to their favorite charities, it’s a good time to ask how these two beliefs — that a human life, if it can be priced at all, is worth millions, and that the factors I have mentioned do not alter the value of a human life — square with our actions. Perhaps this year such questions lurk beneath the surface of more family discussions than usual, for it has been an extraordinary year for philanthropy, especially philanthropy to fight global poverty. For Bill Gates, the founder of Microsoft, the ideal of valuing all human life equally began to jar against reality some years ago, when he read an article about diseases in the developing world and came across...
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...the glare of media attention The year 2004 ended with an event that demonstrated the destructive power of nature and the regenerative power of human compassion. The tsunami that swept across the Indian Ocean left some 300,000 people dead. Millions more were left homeless. Within days of the tsunami, one of the worst natural disasters in recent history had given rise to the world’s greatest international relief effort, showing what can be achieved through global solidarity when the international community commits itself to a great endeavour. The tsunami was a highly visible, unpredictable and largely unpreventable tragedy. Other tragedies are less visible, monotonously predictable and readily preventable. Every hour more than 1,200 children die away from the glare of media attention. This is equivalent to three tsunamis a month, every month, hitting the world’s most vulnerable citizens—its children. The causes of death will vary, but the overwhelming majority can be traced to a single pathology: poverty. Unlike the tsunami, that pathology is preventable. With today’s technology, financial resources and accumulated knowledge, the world has the capacity to overcome extreme deprivation. Yet as an international community we allow poverty to destroy lives on a scale that dwarfs the impact of the tsunami. Five years ago, at the start of the new millennium, the world’s governments united to make a remarkable promise to the victims of global poverty. Meeting at the United Nations, they...
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...Ross/Corbis) | I. The Poverty of Attention I’m going to pause here, right at the beginning of my riveting article about attention, and ask you to please get all of your precious 21st-century distractions out of your system now. Check the score of the Mets game; text your sister that pun you just thought of about her roommate’s new pet lizard (“iguana hold yr hand LOL get it like Beatles”); refresh your work e-mail, your home e-mail, your school e-mail; upload pictures of yourself reading this paragraph to your “me reading magazine articles” Flickr photostream; and alert the fellow citizens of whatever Twittertopia you happen to frequent that you will be suspending your digital presence for the next twenty minutes or so (I know that seems drastic: Tell them you’re having an appendectomy or something and are about to lose consciousness). Good. Now: Count your breaths. Close your eyes. Do whatever it takes to get all of your neurons lined up in one direction. Above all, resist the urge to fixate on the picture, right over there, of that weird scrambled guy typing. Do not speculate on his ethnicity (German-Venezuelan?) or his backstory (Witness Protection Program?) or the size of his monitor. Go ahead and cover him with your hand if you need to. There. Doesn’t that feel better? Now it’s just you and me, tucked like fourteenth-century Zen masters into this sweet little nook of pure mental focus. (Seriously, stop looking at him. I’m over here.) Over the last several years, the problem of...
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...BAXTER, BRIANA | History of Black Women | June 16, 2016 BAXTER, BRIANA | History of Black Women | June 16, 2016 CHILDREN WITH NO LIGHT a Fatherless Society CHILDREN WITH NO LIGHT a Fatherless Society For years Fathers have been the back bone of society. Fathers are gods, they not only carry the seed of life they also have the power to create a mini God in his image. An offspring of himself that can make the world a better place. For the past two decades their role is being stripped from them, society not only says but also states that the father role is no longer needed or necessary, because he is the reason why there is complete discord and mayhem running rampant in the world. But society is wrong. Fathers are not to blame. Only society is to blame for the decline of the gods. In fact, I could argue that fatherless girls have a more profound and long-term impact on society than fatherless boys. You see, boys without dads often act out in spectacularly violent and disruptive fashions, whether it’s flash mobs or gang membership or rapes or robberies. When a fatherless boy is acting out his pain, we know it. However fatherless girls are seldom this dramatic. Instead, they act out their pain and suffering in different ways. Fatherless girls are far more likely to drop out of school, suffer from depression or other emotional disorders and mask their pain through increased promiscuity. In short, fatherless girls have babies. Without fathers. Since the 1960s, women have been...
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...Student Loan Debt With Information on Important Related Subjects By Richard Serlin Student loan debt has become an extremely important issue in recent years. There are several key reasons for this. First, the amount of student loan debt taken on has skyrocketed to unprecedented levels. At public universities the percentage of students graduating with over $40,000 in student loan debt increased 18 fold between 1993 and 2004 – even using constant, inflation adjusted, dollars. In 1993 only 0.3% of all graduating seniors had student debt of greater than $40,000 (in 2004 dollars). By 2004 5.4% did. One-fourth of all public university graduating seniors in 2004 had student loan debt greater than $22,821. Half had student loan debt greater than $15,471. Median student loan debt increased by 108% between 1993 and 2004, and even adjusting for inflation it increased by 58%. Those obtaining graduate degrees can finish with over $100,000 in student loans. This debt is especially serious given that it is virtually impossible to discharge in bankruptcy. It would take a tragedy akin to being full body paralyzed in an accident to get it discharged under the current rules. On top of this, people must often cope with these unprecedented student debt loads after graduating with deep and dangerous credit card debt. As you have read, the job market today is far less secure, and the social safety net is substantially diminished. So adding unheard of student debt loads to the mix...
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...Running Head: POVERTY IN AMERICA The Effects of Poverty on Millions Americans and New faces of Poverty & Possible Prevention Clara M Jones Strayer University Instructor: Dr. Astiage Tondari Economics of Social Issues ECO405009VA016-1124-001 June 9, 2012 Abstract When a person think of poverty, one simply says’ and or think that individuals, families, groups, and what have you lack financial stability; however, there is so much more that should be considered when it comes to poverty. The World Health Organization has described poverty as the greatest cause of suffering on earth. Living in a state of financial instability is both physically and emotionally damaging, the stress alone can make one ill. Poverty continues to be a problem not only in the United States of America but in developing countries and less developed countries (LDC) worldwide. Some of those countries are under developed countries and developing countries; furthermore, there are major problems in both. The main focus in this paper is on poverty in America; also, the new faces of poverty and how it affects the new faces. . Four Families of Article from USA TODAY, September 28, 2011 The article covers various issues of poverty of different families and individuals; however, the main portion of the article is about a father in Leesburg, Virginia. The man’s name is Billy Schlegel. He is the father of three children; also, he is divorced as of 2004. Billy and his ex-wife share joint...
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... : B.TECH. ECONOMICS CONTACT NUMBER : 0813230120 SUPERVISOR : MR. E. TATE SHIPANGA TOPIC: THE IMPACT OF POVERTY ON NAMIBIAN ECONOMY, CASE STUDY IN KATUTURA | DECLARATION After completing this project I Johanna Jepekano Nekwaya, I am declaring that this project its my own work except chapter 2 which is the review of the previous study. No part of this publication may be reproduced, mechanical photocopying, recordings or otherwise, without prior permission of the author. Signature Date …………………….. ……………… DEDICATION This project is lovely dedicated to my mother Olivia Haipinge who has been my constant source of inspirations. She has given me the drive and discipline to tackle any task with enthusiasm and determination. Without her love and support this project would not been made possible. APPROVAL Author : ………………………….. Date ………………................ Supervisor : ………………………….. Date ……………………….... Moderator : ………………………….. Date ………………………… HOD : ………………………….. Date ………………………… ACKNWLEDGEMENT First of all I want to thank God the Almighty for bringing me this far. I would also like to express my gratitude to Mr. Eden Tate Shipanga for guidance, advice, and for kindly using his time to make this project a reality, to Dr. Cyril A Ogkobor and Mr. Ben Obabueki for your encouragement and support, may God bless you all. ABSTRACT Poverty is multi-dimensional. It is characterized by lack of purchasing power, exposure to risk, malnutrition, high mortality...
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...three aspects of corporal punishment. The three disciplines of corporal punishment is home, school, and judicial. In this paper we will be focusing on the home. Home is where discipline is the most effective and happens most frequently. Besides home there is school where here in the United States most schools are not allowed to use corporal punishment. Twenty-eight states ban corporal punishment of public schoolchildren, an increase of 26 states over the past 30 years; but inside the family, legalized corporal punishment of children remains entrenched and unbudging” (Susan, 2006).It is used in the judicial system but only under extreme circumstances and under strict guidelines and laws that must be followed. Corporal punishment has long since been a misunderstood concept. Some think of corporal punishment as something administered by a prison or extreme physical abuse. Corporal punishment does not seem to fit with the word child discipline or with children and general but it is. When we think of punishment we tend to think of something bad whereas discipline we...
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...Development Trends in Southeast Asia and the Philippines I. DISCUSSION ON THE ESE PROBLEMS OF SEA AS A REGION A. ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS SOUTHEAST ASIA IS OBJECTIVELY one of the most beautiful regions on Earth — it’s covered in dense jungle, it’s peppered with gorgeous beaches, and it’s full of incredible wildlife. It also has some spectacular urban centers, recently stimulated by massive economic growth. Unfortunately, the act of pulling people out of poverty and into the developed world often comes at the expense of the local environment. This is true of all countries in this scenario, but it’s particularly acute for Southeast Asian nations, as their economies — especially the tourism sector — depend so fundamentally on pristine natural resources. Most of the environmental issues in Southeast Asia are inextricably linked, and working to ameliorate one will often have added benefits for the others. Here are some of the problems, and some things you personally can do to help. 1. Endangered species conservation The problem: Southeast Asia sits almost entirely in the tropics, and as such, is covered in rich, dense, biologically diverse jungle. As a result of a wide number of factors — from poaching to deforestation — many native species are endangered. One of the most prominent of these species is the Asian elephant. The total number of Asian elephants in the world has sadly fallen to below 30,000, down from 100,000 at the beginning of the...
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...Lien Centre for Social Innovation Social Insight Research Series Inequality, Poverty and Unmet Social Needs in Singapore A Handbook on A Handbook on Inequality, Poverty and Unmet Social Needs in Singapore Lien Centre for Social Innovation CATHERINE J. SMITH (Additional research and writing by John Donaldson, Sanushka Mudaliar, Mumtaz Md Kadir and Yeoh Lam Keong) As this handbook is intended to provide an overview of the arguments of others, the role of the authors largely consisted of compiling, arranging, and contextualizing. Further, the ideas expressed herein, which are various and often contradictory, do not necessarily represent the views of the handbook’s authors, or of the staff and Board of the Lien Centre for Social Innovation. Copyright © March, 2015 by Lien Centre for Social Innovation. All rights reserved. Published by the Lien Centre for Social Innovation Singapore Management University, Administration Building, 81 Victoria Street, Singapore 188065 www.lcsi.smu.edu.sg No part nor entirety of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, or stored in any retrieval system of any nature without the prior written permission of the Lien Centre. Readers should be aware that internet websites offered as citations and/ or sources for further information may have changed or disappeared between the time this was written and when it was read. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and authors...
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...fair look at ’m shine Ten years of making Ten years of making chocolate 100% slave free chocolate 100% slave free we’re now nowyears on the way to to we’re ten ten years on the way 100% slave free free chocolate. We’ve been 100% slave chocolate. We’ve been supported, encouraged, challenged and and supported, encouraged, challenged eaten. We now now know how difficult it is eaten. We know how difficult it is to change an industry. We havehave grown to change an industry. We grown enormously and achieved results. enormously and achieved results. Here’s our timeline: Here’s our timeline: 2o10 2o10 2o09 2o09 Our bars are available in more more and Our bars are available in and We started the ‘Tony’s in We started the ‘Tony’s in more more stores, including supermarkets. Africa’ project: a study of stores, including supermarkets. Africa’ project: a study of Our revenue grows considerably from from cocoacocoa supply chain and Our revenue grows considerably the the supply chain and this pointpoint onward, which also this onward, which also ways ways to improve Fairtrade to improve Fairtrade sharply increases the amount of sharply increases the amount of certification. certification. cocoacocoa beans we need. beans we need. 2o11 2o11 2o05 2o05 2o06 2o06 2o08 2o08 2o07 2o07 The first Tony’s Chocolonely bar bar Tony’s goes official The first Tony’s Chocolonely Tony’s goes official comes on the market, after after...
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...development economics, coined by Rosenstein-Rodan over 60 years ago in the context of a classic work on “the problem of industrialization of eastern and south-eastern Europe”. The core argument is that coordination problems, in the context of increasing returns, create the possibility of multiple equilibria. A poor country can be caught in a low-equilibrium “poverty trap”, government intervention can potentially solve the coordination problem, and “push” the economic into the better equilibrium allowing a “take-off” into sustained growth. The Big Push idea has returned to the center of development policy in the recent past. William Easterly (2006) described 2005 as the Year of the Big Push. It has done so in particular in the context of debates over Africa: the compelling normative case to transform development possibilities of Africans, has been associated with renewed emphasis on the positive case for a Big Push. This has been linked to the case for a major expansion in aid, notably in the work of the Commission for Africa and the Millennium Development Goals; Jeffrey Sachs has been a vigorous exponent of this linkage. This case concerns the analytics of the Big Push, the evidence and its applicability to a poor African country. It bridges issues of growth (from macro) and general equilibrium (from micro). There are three parts. The first outlines the analytics: it uses the prism of the Solow growth model to look at three possible cases for multiple equilibria, and focuses on the coordination...
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