...CNN/Opinion Research Corporation poll of more than 500 U.S adults, taken in July 2008, revealed that a majority of Americans favor offshore drilling for oil and natural gas; specifically, of those sampled, about 69% were in favor. Answer: a. Identify the population and sample for this study. 1. Population is 500 U.S adults 2. Sample- 69% b. Is the percentage provided a descriptive statistic or an inferential statistic> Explain your answer. 1. Inferential because it is measuring the reliability of conclusions about a population based on information obtained. 1.17 The Salk Vaccine. In the 1940s and early 1950s, the public was greatly concerned about polio. In an attempt to prevent this disease, Jonas Salk of the University of Pittsburgh developed a polio vaccine. In a test of the vaccine’s efficacy, involving nearly 2 million grade-school children, half of the children received the Salk vaccine; the other half received a placebo, in this case an injection of salt dissolved in water. Neither the children nor the doctors performing the...
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...CNN/Opinion Research Corporation poll of more than 500 U.S adults, taken in July 2008, revealed that a majority of Americans favor offshore drilling for oil and natural gas; specifically, of those sampled, about 69% were in favor. Answer: a. Identify the population and sample for this study. 1. Population is 500 U.S adults 2. Sample- 69% b. Is the percentage provided a descriptive statistic or an inferential statistic> Explain your answer. 1. Inferential because it is measuring the reliability of conclusions about a population based on information obtained. 1.17 The Salk Vaccine. In the 1940s and early 1950s, the public was greatly concerned about polio. In an attempt to prevent this disease, Jonas Salk of the University of Pittsburgh developed a polio vaccine. In a test of the vaccine’s efficacy, involving nearly 2 million grade-school children, half of the children received the Salk vaccine; the other half received a placebo, in this case an injection of salt dissolved in water. Neither the children nor the doctors performing the diagnoses...
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...frame (years covered) for Chapter 2? Exploring the Americas 1400- 1625 6. Looking at the Chapter 3 timeline, in what year did King Phillip’s War begin? 1675 7. Using the Auto Sales graph on page 710, between what years was the biggest down turn in auto sales? 1926-1927 8. What artist created Fight for the Colors? Reenact and take a picture of it. p. 459 9. What artist created Bunker Hill? Reenact and take a picture of it. Don Troinai Pl 131 9. What artist created Patrick Henry Before the Virginia House of Burgesses? Reenact and take a picture of it. Peter F. Rothermel p. 135 9. What artist created Washington Crossing the Delaware Reenact and take a picture of it? Emanuel Gottlieb Leutze p. 128 10. What did Jonas Salk discover? Cure for polio (polio vaccine) 11. According to the Chapter 23 Summary, what event occurred in 1919? p. 682, Treaty of Versailles signed 12. What is the title of Chapter 14’a Technology Skill Builder? Evaluating a Web Site 13. On what page does the Primary Source Library start? On what page would you find the Fallout Fears? p. 956 p. 976 14. Looking at the National Geographic map on page 117, what country claimed (to own) Florida? Spain 15. How many authors are listed on the title page? 3 15. Page FL 41 points out what information can be found on each chapters’ title page. What are the 6 items listed? 16. In the Previewing Your Textbook section in the beginning of the book, what are the...
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...Thomas Francis Jr. with an outbreak of polio in Pennsylvania at a summer camp in 1947. The camp notified that National Foundation who then contacted Dr. Thomas Francis Jr. because he had been studying different vaccinations to cure diseases. Francis and Salk traveled in the hopes of find the source of where polio was coming from. They wanted to find the source of why a certain area was containing the polio virus and why it was thriving there. Francis had some ideas from where the virus was originated from along with the ideas of Salk who thought the virus came from the weakening of the body’s immune system caused by certain foods and allergies. In 1947 after Salk’s apprenticeship Salk became the director of the Virus research laboratory at the University of Pittsburgh school of Medicine. This is when Salk first began researching the polio vaccine. With his researching progressing Harvard researchers made a breakthrough with the polio virus. With the new breakthrough concerning the virus it helped Salk speed up his research with the vaccination. Salk used the method where he used formaldehyde to kill the virus but kept it intact enough to trigger a body response. In 1952 Salk had a trail run on children who already had polio. From this run there was a positive result, antibodies had increased. Salk conducted another set of tests where he gave the vaccination to people who did not have polio. He gave the vaccination to...
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...and 4 years old. However, before the mid-19th century, people who lived in poorer sanitation areas were constantly exposed to the virus, thus creating immunity. By the early 20th century, huge improvements were made in community sanitation. This lead to a pandemic outbreak of polio in Europe, North America, Australia, and New Zealand during the first half of the 19th century. By the mid-1950s, there were not one but two different versions of the polio vaccine. This cut polio outbreaks drastically. In this park, all of the rides have something to do with the polio pandemic during the 20th century. In the Jonas Salk/Albert Sabin Rollercoaster Race, the dual roller-coasters (one named Salk, one named Sabin) race each other to see which ‘vaccine’ wins. Jonas Salk and Albert Sabin both created a vaccine for polio. They were, however, complete opposites. The vaccines, that is. Salk, born in New York, was an American...
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...Roosevelt. How he was stricken with polio, and how Dr. William Keen billed the family $600 for a house visit and recommended deep massage and exercise, “the worst possible treatment”, Oshinsky explains. A few days later he had lost all movement below his waist. The author covers how F.D.R.’s campaign managers convinced the press to not take photos of him in a wheelchair, and how by the end of the 1932 election the American people did not care about the wheelchair they only cared about the economy, which is logical given the circumstances of the Great Depression. The book also suggests that it was because an American President became stricken with Polio that it took the stigmatism out of it having it and put urgency into curing it. FDR became a great crusader for curing the dreaded...
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...The book states that civil law “is referred to as private law because it addresses the definition, regulation, and enforcement rights in cases in which both the person who has the right and the person who has the obligation are private individuals” (Fagin, 152). Many of the civil rights cases involve, not just an individual but a corporation or business. One of the most famous civil cases is Gottsdanker v. Cutter Laboratories. In 1954, Dr. Jonas Salk created a cure to end the Polio epidemic that killed thousands. Cutter Laboratories were responsible in mass producing the vaccine and within a year over 200 children contracted Polio from the vaccine itself. This lawsuit revealed that Cutter Laboratories had not followed Salk’s formula and were...
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...the lab. The results were that she had cancer. Henrietta was treated with radiation for her cancer. During her treatment two samples of her tissue were removed. One was from her cancer and one was not. These tissue samples were taken without her knowledge (Skloot 33). It was not uncommon for doctors to take tissue samples for experimental research in their laboratories. The cancerous tissue sample was given to Dr. George Otto Gey (Freeman 2). Dr. Gey cultured the tissue in his laboratory and discovered remarkable properties about the cells. He saw that they multiplied, grew quickly, and grew uncontrollably, but most importantly they could be kept alive. HeLa cells were known as the first “immortal cells”. HeLa cells were so important because. Dr. George Gey, who took the cells from her, told Henrietta, "your cells will make you immortal". Henrietta didn’t understand what this meant, and didn’t live long enough to find out, but her cell’s legacy carried on. Dr. Gey was able to exploit these properties to create the first ever immortal cell line. Prior to Dr. Gey’s discovery cell lines were not immortal. Immortal is defined as living forever, and never dying or decaying. Most cells before HeLa, would either die immediately, or would only reproduce few times (Collins). The fact that everyone could use the same exact cell and they could have multiple cells waiting to be used in an experiment was amazing. In 1665, Robert Hooke discovered and named the first cell. All cells...
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...cancers and immune deficiency diseases. So that once this argument is accepted, positive research can be done in finding a way to kill this virus, kill the cancer it has caused, and rebuilds the immune system, thus finding the real cure for cancer. Between 1952 and 1955 many Researchers including Jonas Salk were frantically trying to perfect a vaccination to stop the horrible effects of the deadly Polio Virus that had swept the Nation as well as the world. The vaccine had to be developed in live tissue, more specifically, a fresh kidney that most closely resembled that of a human's kidney. As the Rhesus Monkey from India was already so abundantly used in laboratories, not much debate went into the choice of subject. Even though the monkey is dirty, temperamental, and it’s bite has already proven to be deadly, the rhesus monkey’s kidney was the tissue used to grow the Polio vaccine. The kidney was extracted from the monkey while still alive, then injected with the live Polio Virus where it was grown and tested. The monkey’s kidney was full of unknown viruses, while totally safe for monkeys, still harmful when injected into the human’s blood stream. The researchers, especially Jonas Salk, in his haste to perfect his vaccine and get it out into the market place for the public, chose to ignore this knowledge, or play it down as harmless. As a result, starting in 1955, millions of grade school age children were injected with Salk’s Polio Vaccine along with Simian 40 virus or as it...
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...expecting to find that the cells had died, found that “Henrietta’s cells were just merely surviving but they were growing with mythological intensity” (Skloot). They kept growing, doubling ever twenty-four hours. They grew twenty times faster than Henrietta’s normal cells, and as long as they had food and warmth they seemed unstoppable. Dr. George Otto Gey noticticed an unusual quality in the cells, Gey had isolated and multiplied a specific cell, creating a cell line. Thus the HeLa cells were born. Soon enough George told a few of his colleagues that he thought his lab might have grown the first immortal human...
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...States Food and Drug Administration (U.S. F.D.A.) has a series of trials that are conducted on human volunteers. These series are used to test vaccine efficiency, to determine appropriate dosage, and to monitor adverse side effects. That’s not the end though, after these series of tests, the FDA still monitors the vaccine reactions for many years. The first vaccine was not discovered until 1798 by Edward Jenner and was used for vaccination against the smallpox virus. Later on, over a 100 years, Louis Pasteur proved that a disease could be prevented by infecting a person with the weakened germs. Dr. Pasteur used a vaccine on a boy in 1885 to prevent rabies as the child had been bitten once before by a rabid dog. By the 1900’s, there were two human virus vaccines, smallpox and rabies, and three bacterial vaccines against cholera, typhoid, and plague. In the mid-20th century, Jonas Salk, MD, and Albert Sabin, MD, discovered the inactivated polio vaccine as well as the live polio vaccine Vaccinations for fatal diseases such as diphtheria, measles and...
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...Running Head: AIDS AIDS Michael W. McAlister Baker College Center for Graduate Studies Table of Contents Abstract 3 Introduction 4 History 6 Origin 9 The Hunter Theory 9 The Ingestion Theory 9 Polio Vaccination Theory 10 The Conspiracy Theory 10 Spread 11 Research 12 Infection 13 Prevention 13 Cure 14 Conclusion 15 References 16 Abstract This library research paper will provide the reader with a history of AIDS, where and how it originated as well as the public’s common belief of how AIDS was transmitted to humans, subsequently creating an unstoppable pandemic. This article provides scientific substantiation on the spread infection and prevention of the disease as it known today. Introduction A pandemic is an epidemic of an infectious disease that spreads through human populations across a large regions such as a continent or spreads worldwide (Pandemic, 2010). Since the eighteen hundreds and early nineteen hundreds, the United States has battled many pandemics and outbreaks of various diseases that have had devastating effects on the public health during the periods they existed by causing thousands of deaths. Pandemics such as the polio pandemic which broke out in 1916 was responsible for killing 6,000 people, the great influenza of 1918 also known as the Spanish Flu was responsible for killing 50 to 100 million people in just six months (The Worst Outbreaks of Disease, n.d.). The number of people killed by this...
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...1 Define solar system ? Ans The region of the universe near the sun that includes the sun, the nine known major planets and their moons or satellites, and objects such as asteroids and comets that travel in independent orbits. The major planets, in order of their average distance from the sun, are Mercury, Venus, the Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto. 2 What are epidemics? Ans An epidemic is the rapid spread of infectious disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time, usually two weeks or less. For example, in meningococcal infections, an attack rate in excess of 15 cases per 100,000 people for two consecutive weeks is considered an epidemic. Epidemics of infectious disease are generally caused by several factors including a change in the ecology of the host population (e.g. increased stress or increase in the density of a vector species), a genetic change in the pathogen reservoir or the introduction of an emerging pathogen to a host population (by movement of pathogen or host). Generally, an epidemic occurs when host immunity to either an established pathogen or newly emerging novel pathogen is suddenly reduced below that found in the endemic equilibrium and the transmission threshold is exceeded. 3 what are geo science? The earth is in continuous change. Scientists from many branches of science are required in order to understand the large range of variations occurring in the planet. The different disciplines...
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...Crystal Huesca Professor Wallace ENGL 1302 Composition II November 9, 2015 Infestation in Africa Collie, Asher. "Sole Hope - Offering Hope & Healthier Lives in Uganda, Africa." Sole Hope. N.p., 2014. Web. 23 Nov. 2015. This website was by far the most interesting one that a viewer can come across when researching about the jigger flea. It is a valuable resource that describes how a group of passionate, committed people are putting closed toed shoes on African children, one pair at a time. It all started with an encounter with a YouTube video, a video that touched a young couple so deep that in their hearts they knew that they had to do something to help the children who lived in Uganda. They realized that not only could they help African children live lives free from jiggers, but they could also help African men and women by teaching them a trade, how to make shoes. Young couple and founders of Sole Hope, Asher Collie and her husband Dru Collie, lived an ordinary American life. Dru managed a chain of coffee shops and Asher was building her photography business and taking care of their young children and foster children. Just by online researching and a couple of trips to Africa the couple realized that there was an issue that needed to be dealt with. Together they formed a team that created medical clinics, provided education, and jobs for the people in Uganda. After the expansion of their organization they knew they had to create a web-site that provided...
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...The following document is an archived chapter from a previous edition of A First Look at Communication Theory by Em Griffin, the leading college text in the field of communication theory (all editions published by McGraw-Hill). The theory is no longer covered in a full chapter of the current edition. This document is posted on the resource website for the text www.afirstlook.com All material is copyright © Em Griffin or used by permission of the copyright holder (Note that some cartoons reproduced in the textbook could not be included in the archived documents because copyright permission does not extend to online use.) CHAPTER 19 Information Systems Approach to Organizations of Karl Weick My father worked at a large metropolitan newspaper. I was six years old when he first took me to experience the final hour before the morning edition was "put to bed." The place was alive with activity-shouted orders, quick telephone calls, and copy boys running last-minute changes to the composing room. The whole scene was like watching a huge animal struggling for survival. Many systems theorists regard the image of a living organism as an appro priate metaphor to apply to all organizations-one model fits all. Even though mosquitoes, sparrows, trout, and polar bears represent vastly different species in the animal kingdom, they all have systems to provide for nourishment, respira tion, reproduction, and elimination of bodily waste. Karl Weick is uncomfortable comparing organizations...
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