...are many things that can factor into these issues but among these, abuse and neglect are very large contributors. Many studies have been done on the effects child abuse can have. The first study I came across is a study of how violence can affect a child not only when they are young, but also in to adolescence. It is also said that many of the children who witness domestic violence have also experienced some form of child abuse. These events can effect a person's psychosocial outcome so tests were performed to determine to what extent the child was affected. The study was conducted on 457 children/adolescents. According to the Journal of Family Violence, children that were only exposed to domestic violence were more prone to low self esteem, withdrawal, depression and anxiety. Those who were exposed to violence as well as abuse had higher externalizing (acting out against others, including physical aggression, verbal bullying, relational aggression, defiance, theft, and vandalism) and internalizing behaviors( acting out against self, which includes eating too much or too little, feeling depressed, abusing substances and cutting). There were also tests done on children who were exposed to child abuse only, and children in a non-violence group as well as whether or not gender made a difference but the results are mixed and further research needs to be completed. Children exposed to violence and abuse had higher levels of externalizing behavior problems and internalizing...
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...After reading Jeannette Walls’ memoir, “The Glass Castle”, it became clear that there were many repetitive factors that shaped the Walls family’s lives. There are numerous accounts of sexual abuse, parental alcoholism, evidence of mental illness and finally poverty in the form of homelessness. For even when the children prospered the parents choose to be homeless. The question is, are these factors relative? Can it be that childhood sexual abuse can inflict mental illness or alcoholism in adulthood? Does mental illness and alcoholism affect the chances of being homeless? The focus of this essay is to provide evidence that the events in Walls own life, documented in her memoir, have a butterfly effect in the outcome of their parent’s lives. In Her memoir Walls documents several cases of sexual abuse during her and her sibling’s childhood. She writes of her own experiences with Billy Deel, although he is only a minor as well, he sexually assaults her during a game of hide and seek. PAGE 85-87 Afterward Jeanette was reluctant to tell her father, “I had a feeling it would cause problems” (Walls 87) The second assault Walls documents, was when she was nine years old. “I was awakened by someone running his hands over my private parts.” “‘I just want to play a game with you’ a man’s voice said.” The next day when they told their father, “he said he was going to kill that low life…” Although, no serious action was taken to find him or prevent it from happening again. (Walls...
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...on a topic of your choice. Provide the required information for each sources. Source 1 Author: Claire Burke Dracurcker Date: 2/1/13 Title: Healing from Childhood Sexual Abuse Publication: May 2010 Peer Reviewed? Yes What words did you use to find this article? Abuse What type of article is this (research, summary, reflection, essay, etc.)? Summary Did this article include an abstract? Yes Summarize the article (75 to 100 words) Childhood sexual abuse is a social problem in the healthcare arena. A lot of children who have endured sexual abuse in their lives, usually have long term psychological, behavior, or social effects. The National Child Abuse Data estimates that at least over 700,000 children were victims of abuse or neglect in the U.S. A national survey conducted during the periods of 2001 to 2003 documented that 1 in 15 adults in U.S experienced forced sex in their lifetime. In women sexual abuse is related to poor health, gynecological and gastrointestinal symptoms. But for men physical health and functional impairment is what seem to be underlining issue. Childhood Sexual Abuse is usually associated with anxiety, depression, and mood swings. While tackling the effects on the Childhood Sexual Abuse, begin to make changes in the way they parented their in order to protect them abuse. Source 2 Author: Coleman Smith, Virginia Date: 2/2/13 Title: The Reluctance of Women to Respond to Preterm Labor Publication: 4/2012 Peer Reviewed? Yes What...
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...Drinking Age Should Stay Twenty-One According to Manchester University, “Lowering the drinking age will be a domino effect. Since eighteen year olds already drink, lowering the age will make even younger children think it is okay to drink” (Bigjohny). Many people are saying that the drinking age should be lowered to the age of eighteen; doing that will do more damage than people think. Nothing good could come out of saying an eighteen year can drink legally. The Gale Encyclopedia of American Law states, “An Associated Press study found that one hundred and fifty-seven college-age people, ages eighteen to twenty-three, drank themselves to death between 1999 and 2005” (“Alcohol”). Just look at all the minors being killed due to drinking. With...
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...in alcoholism (Mettman D 2014). Even though men are more susceptible to AUD, the effects of AUD on women health is enormous compared to men. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) is a psychological tool that have been used to collect mental disorder statistics since 1840. By 1952 American Psychiatric Association developed DMS-I to diagnose mental disorders. Prior to 2013, DMS-IV was the tool of choice for clinical diagnosis for alcoholism. DMS-IV categorized alcoholism into two distinct disorders, alcohol abuse and alcohol dependency; and two distinct criteria, abuse and dependency based on 11 symptoms. Alcohol abuse is defined as a behavior at which a person drinking pattern leads to undesirable acts and behavior, in other words a person drinks occasionally but above normal of .5 ounces of alcohol per day. Alcohol dependency is a condition at which a person drinking patterns becomes routine and lose ability to stop drinking despite effort fullness to reverse behavior. Alcohol dependence mostly drinks every day which cause the body to tolerate more alcohol than a normal person. DSM-IV diagnose a person...
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...Running head: Drinking Underage Drinking and Peer Pressure Melissa Walters January 31, 2012 Why has underage drinking becoming such a serious issue in America? In middle school kids do not think about things like going to a party, drinking, and using drugs. So, why is it when teens get to high school teens feel obligated to do such things? Some peers put pressure on others to fit in and do things people do not usually think they would ever do. Underage drinking has become a serious issue across America. Since then people have been trying to lower the age of drinking thinking it will help, but lowering the age is just going to cause the drinking and driving percent to go up because teens are not mature enough to responsibly drink and still be in control. That shows that our society is not doing everything they can to stop teens from drinking. Teens believe that drinking is something to just make them look, or seem older and more mature. They do not realize the serious consequences and the health risks they are putting on their selves. Teenage drinking is often a gateway into other often dangerous life choices; however, to fully understand the problems associated with T.A.D, one must look at why teenagers start drinking in the first place. T.A.D is a problem often over looked in our society. Alcohol abuse not only causes teens to misjudge things, but can also cause suicidal thoughts and causes them to choose risky sexual behaviors. (Staff, 2011) “A study showed that...
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...years, but not without strict regulations accommodating to possible abuse of the system. Subject: America’s attitude towards alcohol - Drinking culture is different here than in Europe - “Drinking until drunk” attitude in the U.S. versus European moderation - In the U.S. it is not normal to take alcohol to lunch - Bar policy varies • In some countries you must be older to drink in bars, but you can purchase alcohol when younger - In some states you can drink at home with permission from a guardian Subject: Drinking culture with example (Germany) - Cite ““Alcohol...
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... Underage Drinking Alcohol has become the root of many issues in not only the United States but also around the world. There are a countless number of effects it has on your body physically, mentally, and emotionally. From all types health problems such as diseases and cancers, to the the bad decsions you make while under the influence such as drinking and driving and suicide, to the deppression and sadness it can bring. Everyone likes to go and drink to have a good time, but it has become such an abused drug that is ruining many peoples lives because they can't control it. None more than the people who drink underage. Alcohol use by people under the age of 21 is a major problem in the US. It is the most commonly used and abused drug among youth, more than tobacco and illicit drugs. Although drinking under the age of 21 is illegal, people ages 12 to 20 consume more than 11% of all alcohol in the United States each year. Underage drinking has become an epidemic, gradually getting worse every year. Alcohol is responible for the death of almost 5,000 teens each year and approximately 190,000 emergency room visits. Nearly 9 million youths, ages 12-20, report they have consumed alcohol in the past 30 days. The rate of current alcohol consumption increases with increasing age according to the 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health from 1% at age 12 to 15% at age 16 and 39% at age 20. Binge drinking is the most common pattern of excessive alcohol...
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...Teenage Alcohol Abuse Outline Teenage Alcohol Abuse I. Introduction II. Abuse III. Health Risks of Abuse IV. Ways to Prevent Abuse V. Conclusion Chase Wylie Sharma MW 9:25 In some ways, our present laws prohibiting teenage drinking are quite irrational. It is illegal to sell or serve alcoholic beverages to minors, yet we expect young people to take their places suddenly at eighteen or twenty-one in an adult culture where drinking is the norm. Somehow, miraculously, without any practice, they are supposed to know how to drink sensibly and befittingly. Fortunately or unfortunately, all the studies of what teenagers actually do, rather than what they are supposed to, show that teenagers do drink. The percentage of teenage drinkers increases steadily with age, until at eighteen the proportion of drinkers is approximately the same as in the adult population. The percentage of teenage drinkers varies depending on the region of the country. “One study, which showed 86 percent teenage drinkers in Nassau County, New York, and only 44 percent in rural Kansas, was typical of the general trend: teenagers in metropolitan areas are more likely to drink than those in rural regions” (Silverstein and Silverstein 78). Boys, who are traditionally given more freedom than girls, have a higher percentage of drinkers than girls. The difference is especially distinct in rural areas, and it decreases with age. Beer is the most commonly used alcoholic beverage...
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...or film. Books and television are both forms of communication. However, would installing more literacy programs introduce certain behaviors not wanted? Television has made communication more efficient and there’s no reason that we can’t tell children not to be violent more efficiently. Society and multimedia does put a big emphasis on beauty. Children watching television and other forms of media see that they are supposed to act a certain way to get attention from the opposite sex. This influences many teens to wear certain types of clothing and makeup and act a mature way at an earlier age. Sex scenes in film and television influence teen sexual behavior. According to a study done by Health Day News, studied children 12-14, and the content of what they watched. The results were, “Teens who were exposed to more sexual content in film started having sex at younger ages,” they were likely to have “more sex partners and were less likely to use condoms.’’ Children do not think of the consequences of engaging in sex at an early age because the media has not informed them. What they see is their...
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...Minimum Legal Drinking Age Lozi Ms. Rhodes Comp 2 November 11, 2011 Opponent: Lowering the Minimum Legal Drinking Age Introduction At the present time, the Minimum Legal Drinking Age (MLDA) Law is set at the age of 21 years old. Proponents would have the law revoked and the Minimum Legal Drinking Age reduced. This paper intends to prove that the MLDA should remain as it stands. The Minimum Legal Drinking Age of 21 protects our youth and society as a whole. Evaluation of the Present MLDA: Success Drinking and Driving The present MLDA laws set at 21 are effective. “Almost every state has seen a decrease in teenage driving fatalities since the law went into effect” (Hamilton, 2008, para 3). Before the law took effect, many American youths died in car accidents that could have been avoided if this law had been in effect at the time. “Over the past 20 years, the number of 15 to 20 year olds killed in alcohol-related traffic crashes has been cut in half. The number of 15 to 20 year old drinking drivers involved in fatal crashes also has been cut in half” (Hamilton, 2008, para 15). One cannot argue with statistics. Maturity Factor Most teens would argue that we, as adults, really don’t know anything that they don’t already know. The youth of America have a sense of entitlement, and for the most part, we have created a spoiled generation. “Many youth experiment with unlawful drinking-often to disastrous effects” (National Household Survey On Drug Abuse, 2008, para 3)...
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...drinks in a single session. Kevin E. O’Gradey, a professor who earned his Ph. D. in 1980 from the University of Connecticut, states, “Heavy drinkers could be differentiated from moderate and light drinkers on age of onset of alcohol use, illicit drug use, and frequency of illicit drug use”. The consumption of five or more drinks in a row for males or four or more for females at least once in a two-week period is defined as binge drinking. Binge drinking is associated with the use of a variety of other illicit drugs. The College Alcohol Study, which includes thousands of students from 119 different colleges, states, “a strong relationship is observed between the frequency of binge drinking and past-year use of marijuana . . . amphetamines, LSD, other hallucinogens . . . with frequent binge drinkers being the most likely to have reported use of these other drugs in the past year” (O’Gradey). Heavy alcohol use by college students remains as much of a current public health concern today as it was a decade ago. The consumption of alcohol has many physical, sexual, social, and psychological negative consequences that college students endure. Furthermore, in order to stop these types of consequences, school administrators need to take stronger control of the situation at hand by educating students and adding stricter policies. The consumption of alcohol brings about numerous negative physical consequences onto college students. There are...
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...Introduction The term Binge drinking refers to the excessive consumption of alcohol over a short period of time. In the US, binge drinking is defined as consumption of five and above units of alcohol for a man or four and more units of alcohol for a lady in a single session. This term can also be termed as heavy binge drinking especially when it occurs more than twice in a week of more than thrice within a period of two weeks (Wechsler, Henry, and Toben F. Nelson, 2006). Almost 80% of alcohol consumption by youths is in a form of binge drinks. The most affected age is the age between 18 and 24, of which many these youths are college students. From a research, one of the big cause of binge drinking is by influence usually by adverts from beverage (alcoholic) companies. These companies put the adverts in a way that it seems attractive and fun to drink much, among the youths. Again peer pressure plays a big role in the cause of binge drinking among youths especially college guys. Other causes may be due to curiosity i.e. they want to be aware how someone feels when drunk, believing that someone feels so good when he or she is drunk (Cranford, James A., Sean Esteban McCabe, and Carol J. Boyd, 2006). Also due to some believes that one can reduce stress by taking alcohol push students to alcohol drinking mostly towards or after an exam. As per the latest report by National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, about four in a group of five college students take alcohol. Also...
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...later on. In recent decades, all of this had been changed by what we know as the Hook-up Culture in America. Although, the Hook-up life style has many sexual pleasures the people enjoy but, it too has a serious risk factors to consider...
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...WORKSHEET TEN – ALCOHOL – CHP. 8 NAME: Sui Boriang Directions: Look at the Power point presentation on alcohol in the assignment area and answer the questions below. Points will be deducted for missed or incorrect answers. Use a DIFFERENT style or color of print for your answers and save and submit the WS as a .doc or .docx document in the weekly assignment area ONLY! Define substance abuse.:using a substance to the point where it can cause physical damage, impair normal functioning, or results in behavior harmful to others 1. List 3 signs/symptoms of substance abuse. A. Using alone or secretively B. Using deliberately and repeatedly to perform C. Feeling uncomfortable on certain occasions if the substance is not available to use 2. List and explain the 4 reasons why women are at a disadvantage physically when they drink compared to men. A. Unplanned sex, date rape or sexual assault B. Nonconsensual sexual intercourse C. Chance of auto accidents D. The alcohol effect stays in the body system longer than men 3. List and explain the possible reasons for addiction listed below. A. Genetics – 4-5 times more common among the children of alcoholics B. Physiology-Unusual electrical activity in the brain 1. Abnormal levels of brain neurotransmitters such as serotonin 2.Shortage of endorphins 3. Lack of the stomach enzyme dehydrogenase ...
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