...Drug Tourism and the impact on the real economy There is two definition made by the WTO to talk about the drug tourism: “Drug tourism can be define as the travel for the purpose of obtaining or using drugs for personal use that are unavailable or illegal in one’s home jurisdiction” or “Drug tourism can be also defined as the phenomenon by which one’s travel experience involves the consumption and usage of drugs that are considered to be illegal or illegitimate in either the visited destination or the tourist’s country of origin” (WTO annual report 1995). Today the only drug that is authorized to consume in some countries is the “marijuana”. But the legal consumption or not is attracting more and more tourist since the past decade, like for the sexual tourism I will take three different areas that are actually the same: Netherlands; southeast Asia and Latin America, and to see how the drug tourism impact the economy of those regions. Netherland is the only European country that has a permissive regulation regarding the drug consumption before the end of 2012; Amsterdam and Maastricht were the two main European destinations for drug tourism. In Amsterdam 50% of the entire tourists visit the “coffee shop” (place where you can smoke marijuana, and 10% of all tourists come to Amsterdam especially for that. In the city of Amsterdam, the Coffee shop tourism represents a business of $2.5 billion US, which led to a $503 million in tax revenues for the city of Amsterdam. In another...
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...MEDICAL TOURISM ABSTRACT A growing number of people are discovering the benefits of medical tourism. In the U.S.A and throughout the western world, it is becoming common knowledge that medical tourism offers a cheaper option for receiving medical treatment without compromising on quality1. The costs of medical treatment and state-of-the-art technology are the most important factors for Americans in making a decision to travel abroad for treatment2. The cost-conscious factor and availability of accredited facilities have led to the emergence of several global medical tourism corridors3. Asia leads the medical tourism industry worth billions4. Amongst these corridors of health, India has the second largest number of accredited facilities3. INTRODUCTION: The health care industry within the United States continues to face unprecedented increases in costs, along with the task of providing care to an estimated 33 million uninsured or underinsured Americans, which constitutes about 10.4% of the U.S. population7. The demand for low-cost health care services is driving patients to seek treatment on a globally competitive basis, while balancing important quality of care issues. The trend, known as medical tourism, which refers to traveling to another country for medical care, is on rise8. In the past few years, Asia has taken the lead as one of the most preferred destination for medical value travel9. Forbes reported that medical tourism is growing by 20% per year. The latest...
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...PROJECT REPORT ON MEDICAL TOURISM WITH REFERENCE TO INDIA Origin and Evolution of Medical Tourism Medical tourism is actually thousands of years old. In ancient Greece, pilgrims and patients came from all over the Mediterranean to the sanctuary of the healing god, Asklepios, at Epidaurus. In Roman Britain, patients took the waters at a shrine at Bath, a practice that continued for 2,000 years. From the 18th century wealthy Europeans travelled to spas from Germany to the Nile. Since the early nineteenth century, when there were no restrictions on travel in Europe, people visited neighboring countries in order to improve their health. At first, mere traveling was considered to be a good therapy for mental and physical well-being. In the 21st century, relatively low-cost jet travel has taken the industry beyond the wealthy and desperate. Later, mostly wealthy people began traveling to tourist destinations like the Swiss lakes, the Alps and special tuberculosis sanatoriums, where professional and often specialized medical care was offered. In this century, however, medical tourism expanded to a much larger scale. Thailand, followed by India, Puerto-Rico, Argentina, Cuba and others quickly became the most popular destinations for medical tourists. Complicated surgeries and dental works, kidney dialysis, organ transplantation and sex changes, topped the list of the most popular procedures. It was estimated that in 2002, six hundred thousand medical tourists came to Bangkok and...
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...Emerging market report 2007 Disclaimer PricewaterhouseCoopers has exercised professional care and diligence in the collection and processing of the information in this report. However, the data used in the preparation of this report (and on which the report is based) was provided by third-party sources. This report is intended to be of general interest only and does not constitute professional advice. PricewaterhouseCoopers makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy of this report. PricewaterhouseCoopers shall not be liable to any user of this report or to any other person or entity for any inaccuracy of information contained in this report or for any errors or omissions in its content, regardless of the cause of such inaccuracy, error or omission. Furthermore, to the extent permitted by law, PricewaterhouseCoopers, its members, employees and agents accept no liability and disclaim all responsibility for the consequences of you or anyone else acting, or refraining from acting, in relying upon the information contained in this report or for any decision based on it, or for any consequential, special, incidental or punitive damages to any person or entity for any matter relating to this report even if advised of the possibility of such damages. The member firms of the PricewaterhouseCoopers network (www.pwc. com) provide industry-focused assurance, tax and advisory services to build public trust and enhance value for its clients and their stakeholders...
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...MEDICAL TOURISM IN PHILIPPINES SUBMITTED BY – DIVYA YADAV Mba-mt (09-11) INDEX About Philippines…………………………………………………………… 3 Introduction ………………………………………………………….. 3 Geography ……………………………………………………………. 3 Climate………………………………………………………….............4 Population ……………………………………………………………...4 Language ……………………………………………………………….4 Currency………………………………………………………………...4 Religion…………………………………………………………………4 Culture and Society……………………………………………………..4 Tourism in Philippines ……………………………………………………… 5 Tourism statistics……………………………………………………….5 Famous tourist destinations…………………………………………….6 Events…………………………………………………………………..8 Healthcare system in Philippines……………………………………………..9 Medical Tourism …………………………………………………………… 10 Medical Tourism in Philippines …………………………………….. 10 Top Hospitals for Medical Tourism in the Philippines……………… 13 Popular medical tourism procedures available in Philippines………….14 Wellness centres………………………………………………………..17 Cost comparison………………………………………………………...18 Entry and Exit Requirements to the Philippines………………………...18 Statistics of Medical Tourism in the Philippines………………………..19 Inclusions of a Philippines' Medical Tourism Package…………………19 BIBLIOGRAPHY……………………………………………………………..21 ...
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...Thalassotherapy and its usage in Health and Wellness Tourism Park Jin Mun Thalassotherapy, from the Greek thalasso meaning ‘sea’ and therapia meaning ‘treatment’, uses the healing and beneficial properties of the sea and the marine environment for health and wellbeing. The principle behind thalassotherapy is that repeated exposure to sea air and immersion in warm seawater, mud, clay, and protein-rich algae helps restore the body's natural chemical balance. Seawater and human plasma are very similar. When immersed in warm seawater the body absorbs the minerals it needs through the skin. Thalassotherapy has important meaning in contemporary Health and Wellness Tourism industry, due to its applicability to various fields, not only tourism but also medical and beauty. Thalassotherapy is originated in France, during 19th century, and Worldwide, there are many health resort medicine centers dedicated to Thalassotherapy, especially in countries with coasts in northern and southern Europe, North Africa, Japan and, of course, the Dead Sea area (Armijo and San Martín 1994; Bobet 1999;Halevy and Sukenik 1998; Lucchetta et al. 2007). In this paper, the author will introduce 3 aspects of usage of thalassotherapy, usage in beauty, medical and tourism. In medical history, the concept of thalassotherapy casts back to approximately B.C. 400, by the book named “Ocean cures human disease” by Euripides. In 1791, Dr. John Latham established the first maritime hospital named ‘The Royal...
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...Macro-environment PEST analysis is used to provide a summary on the key forces which is likely to affect healthcare industry at the level of the macro-environment. Malaysia has been seen as one of the best destination for medical tourism for its modern private healthcare facilities as well as highly efficient medical professionals (Arshad, Velasamy and Wong, 2014). According to Matta president Hamzah Rahmat, the weakening Ringgit Malaysia is perceived to have benefited the medical tourism industry however the unstable political situation such as rallies, protest and violence had kept the tourist away (FMT, 2015). Despite the unfavourable political situation, healthcare industry is still expected to grow at a double-digit rate (The Edge, 2015). Based on HLIB research on healthcare sector, one the catalysts for the sector is that the community has higher educational level and awareness toward personal health which in turn increase the demand of healthcare services (The Edge, 2015). Besides, technology advancements are also transforming the healthcare industry vastly for the past decades. Technology has improved information gathering, research, treatments and communications between doctors and patients (MOH, 2015). As such, it give medical providers a fresh, effective and efficient way to practice medicine. Threat of New Entrance It is not easy to enter into the private healthcare industry in Malaysia as the industry is highly regulated by the Private Healthcare Facilities...
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...GCC Pharmaceutical Industry March 31, 2013 Alpen Capital was awarded the “Best Research House” at the Banker Middle East Industry Awards 2011 GCC Pharmaceutical Sector | March 31, 2013 Page | 2 Table of Contents 1. 1.1. 1.2. 1.3. 1.4. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................ 6 Scope of the Report .................................................................................. 6 Key Growth Drivers .................................................................................. 6 Key Challenges ........................................................................................ 6 Trends .................................................................................................... 7 2. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 GCC PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY OVERVIEW ...................................... 8 GCC Pharmaceutical Market Overview ............................................................. 8 The UAE Pharmaceutical Market .................................................................... 11 The Saudi Arabian Pharmaceutical Market ...................................................... 13 The Kuwaiti Pharmaceutical Market ............................................................... 15 The Qatari Pharmaceutical Market ................................................................. 16 The Bahraini Pharmaceutical Market .............................................................. 17 The...
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...Ecotourism is a feasible alternative to the negative effects of mass tourism. Tourism has become a global phenomenon in the world today, with growing numbers of tourists every year, mostly attributed to mass tourism. Mass tourism is defined as global tourism with many people staying overseas for more than one night, as compared to other forms of tourism such as ecotourism or business and medical tourism. The growth in tourism has been mainly attributed to the growing affluence of today’s society, lifestyle changes, as well as technological developments that allow for greater holidays at cheaper prices too. However, tourism has also brought along many negative impacts, in terms of the economic aspect, cultural and social aspect, and most importantly in the environmental aspect too. As such, ecotourism has been brought into the problem to be tried as a feasible alternative to mass tourism. Ecotourism aims at safeguarding both natural and built environments, being sustainable and enabling local people to share in the economic and social benefits. Firstly, ecotourism helps to protect the environment and sustain it. With tourism, environmental impacts such as the destruction of the natural environment and wildlife habitat, such as in coastal, marine and inland areas, has occurred along with various other consequences such as the loss of ecosystems and pollution. These consequences have stemmed from mass global tourism that involves many tourists going to a single attraction. For example...
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...that, “Drugs are bad for you,” time and time again. When you are a kid you don’t really understand the reasoning behind it, but you listen to your elders regardless. I remember being told this my entire life and even to this very day. But when I got older I realized that people would still use drugs even though it’s illegal. I could never understand why someone would go against the law and risk there future just to use drugs? The drug that I am talking about is marijuana, and surprisingly it is all around us. Marijuana is even referred to in today’s media Mainstream media sources that people enjoy, like music, movies, and TV shows, do not even bother to leave the drug out of their system. Now being a young adult and having my own personal experience with the drug and knowing its effects on others, I wonder why it’s not legal. Why is it that this drug has become illegal all over the world? The debate to legalize marijuana in the United States of America has been fought over nonstop since the existence of the drug and its effects. Marijuana has been tested and proven to provide a very positive impact on the American society for many reasons. Some of these reasons are for America’s economy, health and even crime. These reasons could very well help America thrive in the future and that is why Marijuana should be legalized in the United States of America. This naturally found plant known as marijuana is recognized all around the world. This plant is known to be a drug that...
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...American Healthcare Systems-Research Paper-6th Dec 2013 Medical Tourism By: Mrudula Mynampaty and Swathi Damacherla Introduction “Medical tourism” is the term commonly used to describe people traveling outside their home country avail medical services at lower costs1. Medical tourism is fundamentally different from the traditional model of international medical travel where patients generally journey from less developed nations to major medical centers in highly developed countries for medical treatment that is unavailable in their own communities 2. History The concept of medical tourism has been very pervasive all through the history. The first recorded case of medical tourism describes Greek pilgrims who traveled from the Mediterranean Sea to Epidaurus, a small territory in the Sardonic Gulf. It was said that this small territory was the sanctuary of Asclepius, known as the healing god. Since the 1500s India has enjoyed a rich history of providing yoga instruction as well as Ayurveda healing to patients from around the world. In the 18th and 19th centuries, Europeans and Americans flocked to health spas and sanitariums, sometimes in remote places, in the hope that they would obtain relief from their disabling conditions, such as tuberculosis, gout, bronchitis, or liver diseases 3. What led to Medical Tourism today? The market size for medical tourism is USD 24-40 billion, based on approximately eight million cross-border patients worldwide spending an average of USD 3,000-5...
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...The Ethical and Legal Complexity of Medical Tourism: Questions of International Justice, Economic Redistribution and Health Care Reform Professor Sarah McBride Toro Longe April 18, 2010 M.J. Thesis in Health Law Abstract This is an essay on medical tourism in the United States of America (U.S.). It includes a brief history of the U.S. health care system, examines the social, cultural, ethical, and legal issues that have affected health care changes in America. With the number of Americans going overseas to seek medical care steadily rising, the American insurance industry expanding benefits, and the Joint Commission accrediting facilities for globalization of the health care marketplace, medical tourism should become increasingly important in the health care industry. While there are many reasons for patients seeking health care outside of their own country, one that is particularly easy to overlook is the outsourcing of health care and its effect in U.S. and around the world. The purpose of this paper is to examine the concept of medical tourism, noting the specific medical tourism destinations, presenting reasons for the recent increase in medical tourism, and examining the risks and benefits, as well as wrestling with the challenging ethical and legal issues inherent in medical tourism. The paper will conclude with consideration of the role of the law in medical tourism. Introduction Over the past 100 years, the United States of America (U.S.) has changed greatly...
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...disadvantages of developing mass tourism Today tourism is one of the largest industries in the world. In some countries it is the main economic division. There is a wide variety of tourist types within the tourism market today,so much so that the term ‘average tourist’ has become irrelevant. (Murphy,1985) The United Nations states that ‘In Cambodia, one of the poorest countries in the world tourism is the main economic division was expected to generate 7.3% of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2004 and close to 400,000 jobs.’(United Nations, 2007).The most of people think that the economic impact of tourism is absolutely positive whereas the social and environmental impact is only negative. Indeed, increasing incomes to regions due to tourists are easy to see as well as numerous host-tourist conflicts and destruction of the environment and local cultures. However, tourism can have both positive and negative outcomes for residents in communities when sharing and preserving their culture and nature could be seen as conflicting goals.(McComick, B.E.2002,p303) Nevertheless here could be two sides of outcomes: positive and negative. The positive side is that tourism has brought booming business to many countries and causes economic growth Although tourism brings many jobs to countries and decrease unemployment. Also tourism supports business. Tourists purchase local goods and use local services such as attraction, entertainment and other. . However tourism has negative impact on local...
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...Should Marijuana Be Legalized The legalization of marijuana has been a hot topic for several years in the United States. Those opposed to the legalization say that marijuana is addictive, leads to harder drug use and increases criminal behavior. The use of marijuana for medicinal purposes dates back to as early as 2737 B.C., where Chinese Emperor Shen Neng would prescribe marijuana tea for treatment of a variety of ailments (Stack, Suddath, 2009). Research shows that marijuana should be legalized in the United States because of the amount of money we are spending trying to prevent its use and lost income not collecting taxes, it is beneficial for medicinal purposes, and U.S. citizens want it to be legal. Each year in the United States a large amount of resources is spent policing, prosecuting and jailing people for marijuana offenses. In 2010 New York City spent approximately $75 million for the arrest and prosecution of people for small amounts of marijuana (Levine, Siegal, 2011). That is money that could be spent elsewhere on programs that really needed it. The $75 million dollars could have easily been spent to help with the cities homeless problem, or be spent to strengthen the cities schools. Statistics show that from 2009 to 2010 the rate of murder, rape, assault and robbery went up in New York City (city-data, 2014). The man hours used catching and arresting people for marijuana could have been used to help prevent some of these crimes. Jeffrey Miron a economics...
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...THE FACTORS THAT PROMOTE AND FACILITATE MEDICAL TOURISM IN THAILAND WITH REGARD TO SERVICES PROVIDED BY HOSPITALS A CASE STUDY TO UNDERSTAND THE FACTORS THAT PROMOTE AND FACILITATE MEDICAL TOURISM IN THAILAND WITH REGARD TO SERVICES PROVIDED BY HOSPITALS Tejasvi Vasudevan An Independent Study Presented to The Graduate School of Bangkok University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Business Administration 2014 2014 Tejasvi Vasudevan All Rights Reserved This Independent Study has been approved by The Graduate School Bangkok University Title: A case study to understand the factors that promote and facilitate medical tourism in Thailand with regards to services provided by hospitals Author: Ms. Tejasvi Vasudevan Independent Study Committees: Advisor Dr. Sriwan Thapanya ………………………………………………………………………… Field Specialist …………………………………………………………………………… (Asst. Prof. Dr. Sivaporn Wangpipatwong) Dean of the Graduate School Tejasvi Vasudevan. Master of Business Administration, May 2014, Graduates School, Bangkok University Title: A case study to understand the factors that promote and facilitate medical tourism in Thailand with regards to services provided by hospitals (72 pages) Advisor of Independent Study: Dr. Sriwan Thapanya ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to understand reasons behind the growing medical tourism industry in Thailand. By studying the attributes...
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