...Wireless Physical Layer Security: An Information Theoretic Approach DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Onur Ozan K¨yl¨o˘lu, B.S., M.S. o u g Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State University 2010 Dissertation Committee: Hesham El Gamal, Adviser C. Emre K¨ksal o Ness B. Shroff Atilla Eryılmaz c Copyright by Onur Ozan K¨yl¨ o˘lu o u g 2010 ABSTRACT We are in the midst of wireless revolution, and increasing demand continues for wireless applications. This explosive growth, of wireless communications and services, inevitably renders security into a challenging quality of service constraint that must be accounted for in the network design. The state of the art methods in combating the security threats are usually founded on cryptographic approaches. These techniques typically assume limited computational resources at adversaries, are usually derived from unproven assumptions, and most of the time do not offer a measurable security notion. Information theoretic security, on the other hand, eliminates the aforementioned limitations of the cryptographic techniques at the physical layer of communication systems. In this thesis, we concentrate on both the theoretical and the practical aspects of physical layer security. We first start by analyzing elemental interference networks, in particular, two-user channels with an adversary...
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...discusses his true feelings to Gertrude while Polonius overhears the conversation. It probes the sexuality of Hamlet and Gertrude and is the turning-point in which Hamlet demonstrates a change in character. Throughout the play, Hamlet displays hostility towards his uncle Claudius due to the marriage between him and Gertrude. This is especially evident in the closet scene as Hamlet berates his mother with many sexual and incestuous references. In order to explain the relationship between Hamlet and his mother, Sigmund Freud’s theory the Oedipus Complex identifies this situation as a male’s unconscious sexual desire for his mother (Losh). Freud believes that these sexual desires are repressed unconsciously which in turns creates a lasting effect in a boy’s life (Losh). An example in this scene is when Hamlet says: “But to live / In the rank sweat of an enseamed bed, / Stewed in corruption, honeying and making love / Over the nasty sty!” (Shakespeare, 3.4.99-102). Hamlet is furious with his mother’s sexual relationship with Claudius and his sexual desires emerges in his sexual allusions. He refers to a bed which is appropriate in this scene as they are in Gertrude’s bedroom. In context with the Oedipus Complex, a bed creates a sexual intimacy due to the private...
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...extranet is a VPN, not every VPN is an extranet. ____ 5. The three main elements of a Web server are the hardware, operating system software, and client software. ____ 6. Academic publishing has always been a relatively easy business in which to make a profit. ____ 7. Companies that have existing sales outlets and distribution networks often worry that their Web sites will take away sales from those outlets and networks. ____ 8. The benefits of acquiring new visitors are the same for Web businesses with different revenue models. ____ 9. A banner ad is a small rectangular object on a Web page that displays a stationary or moving graphic without a hyperlink to the advertiser. ____ 10. By engaging competitors in cooperative, long-term relationships, companies have found that they can work together with these competitors to identify new ways to provide their own customers with faster, cheaper, and better services. ____ 11. Virtual communities began online after the Internet was in general use. ____ 12. In the physical world, geographic boundaries almost always...
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...Magazine programme - 30 minutes Suggested running order - in between each item the presenter will back announce what has just taken place and introduce the next item. Guests: this example suggests 2 live guests - instead you could have other combinations eg.: - 1 live + 1 pre-recorded, or - 3 pre-recorded, or - a single live guest who speaks in both guest slots - a group of live guests who speak in both guest slots - etc Music/pre-recorded CD/MD tracks: these are essential to insert in the running order where you are changing over live guests - allow at least 4 minutes for a change over. Times (start/elapsed): don't try and count exact seconds - go to the nearest minute or 30 seconds. Version A - Live in the studio |No |Item |Duration |Time | | | | | | | | | |start |elapsed | |1. |Music track from CD |4-5 mins |00.00 |04:30 | |2. |Menu/introduction + jingle if available |20-30 seconds |04.30 |05.00 | |3. |Guest A - live in the...
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...NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS A REQUIREMENT ANALYSIS FOR THE NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL’S ALUMNI DATABASE SYSTEM by Lawrence M. Gaines September 2002 Thesis Advisor: Co-Advisor: Julie Filizetti Daniel Dolk Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED blank) September 2002 Master’s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE A Requirement Analysis of the Naval 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Postgraduate School’s Alumni Database System 6. AUTHOR (S) Lawrence M. Gaines 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) REPORT NUMBER Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, CA 93943-5000...
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...TEMPEST Maresa Martone ISSC 361 Professor Janelle Davis June 15, 2015 Table of Contents Abstract 3 Introduction 4 Brief History 4 TEMPEST Technologies 5 Electromagnetic Analysis Attacks 5 Simple and Differential Power Analysis 6 Higher-order DPA attack 10 Other Technologies 11 TEMPEST Companies 12 Regulatory Issues Surrounding TEMPEST 12 Future Trends 14 Countermeasures 15 Global Implications for the TEMPEST 16 Conclusion 17 References 19 Abstract TEMPEST is a standard for evaluating and testing an electronic device before being released into the market. The term, christened by the US government, has been synonymous with the unintentional emissions of electrical and electromagnetic energy from a cryptographic device. TEMPEST dates back to the late 19th century when the telephone was invented and during the First World War when “crosstalk”, conversation through single-wire cables of the telegraph, was exploited by spies to reveal the intelligence of the enemy. In particular, what is being tested is the resistivity of the device component and cryptographic system against cryptanalysis. In other words, the TEMPEST evaluation tests the sensitivity of the device component toward power and electromagnetic analysis attacks. The possibility that someone can intercept and interpret those electromagnetic radiations to reconstruct the exact information poses a serious security issue because it jeopardizes confidentiality and secrecy. An attacker usually...
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...rather than stating it as a bald proposition. Examples include sexual come-ons, veiled threats, polite requests, and concealed bribes. We propose a three-part theory of indirect speech, based on the idea that human communication involves a mixture of cooperation and conflict. First, indirect requests allow for plausible deniability, in which a cooperative listener can accept the request, but an uncooperative one cannot react adversarially to it. This intuition is supported by a game-theoretic model that predicts the costs and benefits to a speaker of direct and indirect requests. Second, language has two functions: to convey information and to negotiate the type of relationship holding between speaker and hearer (in particular, dominance, communality, or reciprocity). The emotional costs of a mismatch in the assumed relationship type can create a need for plausible deniability and, thereby, select for indirectness even when there are no tangible costs. Third, people perceive language as a digital medium, which allows a sentence to generate common knowledge, to propagate a message with high fidelity, and to serve as a reference point in coordination games. This feature makes an indirect request qualitatively different from a direct one even when the speaker and listener can infer each other’s intentions with high confidence. eople often don’t blurt out what they mean in so many words...
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...SECTION ONE INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF STUDY In years past, when enterprises were starting, it suffered data lose and information retrieval was difficult since there was no strong security service to protect already gathered information. Production, distribution and some other functions were very difficult to achieve due to weak security services but as the days passed by enterprise has struggled to secure its services and with the aid of growth in technology and programming enterprise services has reached a reasonable degree in achieving its dream by protecting its services from harm. An enterprise is an activity or a project that produces services or products. There are essentially two types of enterprise, business and social enterprises. Business enterprises are run to make profit for a private individual or group of individuals. This includes small business while social enterprise functions to provide services to individuals and groups in the community. These shows that an enterprise security service is a form of protecting the services or the product of individuals and groups in the community from harm (preventing unauthorized users from gaining access). Enterprise now uses Biometric, Encryption and some others forms of security to form the backbone of its services. The term "biometrics" is derived from the Greek words bio (life) and metric (to measure). Biometrics refers to the automatic identification of a person based on...
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...Cloud Security Computing Name Institution Cloud Security Computing Chapter 1 (7 pages) Section 1 : • Situational Analysis Cloud computing comprise of a disseminated infrastructure made of several interconnected machines whose assets are placed together in a virtual machine (VM) that upholds and controls itself (Marks, 2010). Different from other distributed systems, the architecture of cloud computing is detached from the physical system it depends on. This allows intense flexibility since resources can be removed or added according to real needs. Even though cloud computing is not a critical breakthrough with respect to technology (most technologies used in this paradigm were already accessible); it has changed the usability of technology in most virtual environments (Pfleeger and Pfleeger, 2007). Another business model has surfaced whereby each resource or application is given as a service, accessible on-demand and payable on a per-usage basis on the internet. Another concept in cloud computing is virtualization; a major technology for implementing cloud computing settings (Velte, Velte, and Elsenpeter, 2010). The main objective of virtualization involves polling together various material resources into one virtualized setting through detailed virtualization software, such as Xen and Vmware. The other goal involves creating a sequence of logical or virtual machines using an active selection of resources. Additionally, virtualization...
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...1. INTRODUCTION Does increased security provide comfort to paranoid people? Or does security provide some very basic protections that we are naive to believe that we don't need? During this time when the Internet provides essential communication between tens of millions of people and is being increasingly used as a tool for commerce, security becomes a tremendously important issue to deal with. There are many aspects to security and many applications, ranging from secure commerce and payments to private communications and protecting passwords. One essential aspect for secure communications is that of cryptography, which is the focus of this chapter. But it is important to note that while cryptography is necessary for secure communications, it is not by itself sufficient. The reader is advised, then, that the topics covered in this chapter only describe the first of many steps necessary for better security in any number of situations. This paper has two major purposes. The first is to define some of the terms and concepts behind basic cryptographic methods, and to offer a way to compare the myriad cryptographic schemes in use today. The second is to provide some real examples of cryptography in use today. I would like to say at the outset that this paper is very focused on terms, concepts, and schemes in current use and is not a treatise of the whole field. No mention is made here about pre-computerized crypto schemes, the difference between a substitution and transposition...
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...The media Anne O’Keeffe Historical overview of media discourse ‘The media’ is a very broad term, encompassing print and broadcast genres, that is anything from newspaper to chat show and, latterly, much more besides, as new media emerge in line with technological leaps. The study of ‘the media’ comes under the remit of media studies from perspectives such as their production and consumption, as well as their aesthetic form. The academic area of media studies cuts across a number of disciplines including communication, sociology, political science, cultural studies, philosophy and rhetoric, to name but a handful. Meanwhile, the object of study, ‘the media’, is an ever-changing and ever-growing entity. The study of ‘the media’ also comes under the radar of applied linguistics because at the core of these media is language, communication and the making of meaning, which is obviously of great interest to linguists. As Fairclough (1995a: 2) points out, the substantively linguistic and discoursal nature of the power of the media is a strong argument for analysing the mass media linguistically. Central to the connection between media studies and studies of the language used in the media (media discourse studies) is the importance placed on ideology. A major force behind the study of ideology in the media is Stuart Hall (see, for example, Hall 1973, 1977, 1980, 1982). Hall (1982), in his influential paper, notes that the study of media (or ‘mass communication’) has had...
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...Paper to be presented at Oxford Internet Institute’s “A Decade in Internet Time: Symposium on the Dynamics of the Internet and Society” on September 22, 2011. Social Privacy in Networked Publics: Teens’ Attitudes, Practices, and Strategies danah boyd and Alice Marwick Microsoft Research dmb@microsoft.com and amarwick@microsoft.com Waffles, 17, NC1: Every teenager wants privacy. Every single last one of them, whether they tell you or not, wants privacy. Just because an adult thinks they know the person doesn’t mean they know the person. And just because teenagers use internet sites to connect to other people doesn’t mean they don’t care about their privacy. We don’t tell everybody every single thing about our lives. We tell them general information - names, places, what we like to do - but that’s general knowledge. That’s not something you like to keep private-- “Oh, I...
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...Special Publication 800-48 Wireless Network Security Tom Karygiannis Les Owens 802.11, Bluetooth and Handheld Devices NIST Special Publication 800-48 Wireless Network Security 802.11, Bluetooth and Handheld Devices Recommendations of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Tom Karygiannis and Les Owens C O M P U T E R S E C U R I T Y Computer Security Division Information Technology Laboratory National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8930 November 2002 U.S. Department of Commerce Donald L. Evans, Secretary Technology Administration Phillip J. Bond, Under Secretary for Technology National Institute of Standards and Technology Arden L. Bement, Jr., Director W IRELESS NETWORK SECURITY Note to Readers This document is a publication of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and is not subject to U.S. copyright. Certain commercial products are described in this document as examples only. Inclusion or exclusion of any product does not imply endorsement or non-endorsement by NIST or any agency of the U.S. Government. Inclusion of a product name does not imply that the product is the best or only product suitable for the specified purpose. Acknowledgments The authors wish to express their sincere thanks to numerous members of government, industry, and academia who have commented on this document. First, the authors wish to express their thanks to the staff at Booz Allen Hamilton...
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...1. Introduction 1 1.1 Research motivation and objectives 1 1.2 Research contributions 3 2. Theory 4 2.1Trust vs. customer trust 5 2.2 Customer trust vs. online trust 8 2.2.1 Define customer trust in online shopping 8 2.2.2 The importance of customer trust in online shopping 9 2.2.3 Findings from past studies 9 2.3 E-business Vs E-drugstore 12 2.3.1 A glance of pharmaceutical industry & drugstore sector 14 2.4 Website factors that might affect the perceptions of customers’ online trust 18 2.4.1 Website factors VS consumer factors 18 2.4.2 Discussion of website factors 19 3. Methodology, data, and model 36 3.1 Methodology and data collection 36 3.2 Model & analysis 37 3.2.1 Variance analysis 37 3.2.2 Factor analysis 40 4. Results and discussion 43 4.1 Results for research questions 43 4.2 Results from factor analysis 47 5. Managerial implications 49 6. Limitation and further research 54 7. Conclusion 56 Appendix A: Customer trust survey 57 Appendix B: Factor analysis of attributes of websites factors (Heavy Loadings) 58 Appendix C: Frequency table 59 References 60 1. Introduction 1.1 Research motivation and objectives It is commonly accepted that e-business is beneficial to the further growth and success of businesses, government, and not-for-profit organizations (Sultan et al, 2002). Specifically, the advent of the Internet has brought new business opportunities to the retail industry. However, no matter how wonderful e-business is, many small...
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...Italian Boss’s Mistress Lynne Graham Chapter One “Wrecked!” screamed the caption beneath the photo of a woman being bundled, glassy eyed into the back of a police car. “Checosachafacenda ?”His black eyes glittering, Giovanni threw down the newspaper and turned to his spin doctor. “Let’s hope this is the last of it.” “You’ve spoken to the police?” asked Lucas. “Si.The lawyers say charges will be dropped if she goes into rehab,” Giovanni said grimly. “She’s finally accepted that she has a problem. ButMadre diDio — it has taken long enough!” After years of denial, his fragile step-sister had taken the first, tentative step on the road to recovery. But despite the sunshine that streamed through the windows of his beautifulLondonhouse, Giovanni couldn’t shake off his disquiet. “But what the hell do I do now?” he questioned, his dark features hardening as he anticipated the troubles ahead. “How do I stop the snappers from camping outside the clinic and bribing patients to sell gossip? My sister needs protecting from the sharkswho inhabit her world, and God knows there’s nobody else looking out for her.” “We need to kill the story,” said Lucas, quietly. “How?” “We give the press an even bigger one.A diversionary tactic.” Giovanni narrowed his eyes. “And what could be bigger than this?” “You are.” “Explain,” Giovanni said tersely. “They want a story about your fabulously glamorous family.” “And fabulously cursed,” echoed...
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