...study * Salient features of Bangladesh’s current tax system * Growth trends and revenue structure of Bangladesh * Contribution of direct and indirect taxes to revenue * Reasons for introducing vat in Bangladesh * Ratio of VAT to Revenue & VAT to Tax * Revenue Structure during Pre and Post VAT Regime * VAT Rates in Selected Countries * VAT Productivity in Selected Countries * Some Important Features of VAT in Bangladesh * Tax Base for VAT * Arguments For VAT * Arguments against VAT * Reforms in VAT: Current Initiatives Introduction: Value Added Tax (VAT) is imposed on value added by a manufacturer of a firm or distributors. Value added tax means a tax on the amount by which the value of an article has been increased at each stage of production. It is a multistage consumption tax imposed on goods and services, which is collected at every stage of production and distribution rather than at the retail stage alone. Objectives of the Study: We can gain knowledge about the tax system (especially VAT) of Bangladesh by studying this topic. As following aspects of tax we can learn from this study: 1. To present an overview of tax system of Bangladesh. 2. To evaluate Govt. Performance in collecting revenue. 3. To identify the effect of the tax system (especially VAT) to economic development of Bangladesh. 4. To identify the problems and weaknesses of collecting revenue through VAT. Salient Features of Bangladesh’s...
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...Background: The major dynamic driving forces of cities in developing countries are economic and social forces to change the urban system with the growing demand of population and urbanization. Of course, the problems are different and unique to a particular city based on the city growth pattern, economic and social character. Khulna, the third largest metropolitan city in Bangladesh with 1.2 million populations within 45.6 square kilometres was developed as a medium scale industrial city since 1950s. Previously the city economy was completely established on river-based trade and the city developed around the river port locally named “Boro Bazaar” means big market place. The changing city form gave Boro Bazaar the shape of mixed-use zone rather solely commercial or business zone. Now, as a central economic hub in the city centre, Boro Bazaar needs to be more dynamic to response to the city economy and its growth pattern. For last one decade, Boro Bazaar has faced compact unplanned haphazard development even along the riverside just to meet the demand of rapid urbanization process. Therefore, it has become an urban challenge to revitalize the Boro Bazaar area to make more effective response to the rapid economic growth and to ensure better urban environment for the residents, businesspersons and the employers. Being the main economic hub in the city, Boro Bazaar needs to be more dynamic in responding...
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...INTRODUCTION Bangladesh is a country in South Asia, located on the fertile Bengal delta. It is bordered by the Republic of India to its north, west and east, by the Union of Myanmar (Burma) to its south-east and by the Bay of Bengal to its south. It is separated from the Democratic Republic of Nepal and the Kingdom of Bhutan by the narrow Indian Siliguri Corridor. Together with the neighbouring Indian state of West Bengal, it makes up the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal. The name Bangladesh means "Country of Bengal" in the official Bengali language. The borders of modern Bangladesh took shape during the Partition of Bengal and British India in 1947, when the region became the eastern wing of the newly formed state of Pakistan. Following years of political exclusion, ethnic and linguistic discrimination, and economic neglect by the politically dominant western wing, a surge of popular agitation, nationalism and civil disobedience led in 1971 to the Bangladesh Liberation War, resulting in the separation of the region from Pakistan and the formation of an independent Bangladesh. After independence, the new state proclaimed a secular multiparty democracy. The country then endured decades of poverty, famine, political turmoil and numerous military coups. Since the restoration of democracy in 1991, the country has experienced relative calm and economic progress, though its main political parties remain polarized. Post Independence Bangladesh had to face the devastation wrought...
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...GLOBALIZATION AND ITS IMPACT ON BANGLADESH ECONOMY A thesis presented to the Faculty of the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF MILITARY ART AND SCIENCE Strategy by RAHMAN MD FAIZUR, MAJOR, BANGLADESH M.D.S., National University of Bangladesh, 2004 Fort Leavenworth, Kansas 2005 Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 222024302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. 1. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) 2. REPORT TYPE 3. DATES COVERED (From - To) 17-06-2005 ...
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...Socio-economic Impact of Remittance on Households: A Study on Khulna City Md. Ashif Hossain Economics Discipline Social Science School Khulna University Khulna, Bangladesh August, 2013 Socio-economic Impact of Remittance on Households: A Study on Khulna City …………………………………… Md. Ashif Hossain Student Number: BSS 0 9 1 5 0 8 Session: 2011-2012 Supervisor ……………………………………. Sk. Sharafat Hossen Assistant Professor Economics Discipline Khulna University Khulna, Bangladesh A Thesis Paper submitted to the Economics Discipline of Social Science School, Khulna University, Bangladesh in partial fulfillment for the BSS (Hons.) in Economics degree August, 2013 Socio-economic Impact of Remittance on Households: A Study on Khulna City ………………………………………… (Mohammed Ziaul Haider, Ph.D) Head Economics Discipline Social Science School Khulna University August, 2013 Statement of Originality Socio-economic Impact of Remittance on Households: A Study on Khulna City The findings of this Thesis are entirely of the candidate’s own research and any part of it has neither been accepted for any degree nor is it being concurrently submitted for any other degree. ………………………………. Md. Ashif Hossain Student Number: BSS 0 9 1 5 0 8 Session: 2011-2012 August, 2013 Acknowledgement First of all I express my heartfelt gratitude to supreme creator and ruler of the world Almighty ALLAH who has given me the opportunity to conduct my education...
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...Stock Market Development & Economic Growth in Bangladesh –Rabita Sabah Abstract This paper examines the state of relationship between the stock market development & economic growth in Bangladesh. As a third world country, the economic development of Bangladesh is still dependent on the ups & downs of some macroeconomic as well as capital market factors , like, GDP, real GDP, GDP growth, market capitalization, volatility of stocks, Financial Statement information and other financial factors. This paper has been prepared & presented to have a clear view about contribution of capital market to the economic growth of Bangladesh. So far I know, no analytical study regarding this issue still has not been conducted in Bangladesh. So that I’ve desired to study on this topic in a deeper detail to focus on the relationship of capital market & economic growth from both economic & accounting point of view. I also have focused on how the reporting of the Financial Statements of different institutions according to various local & international standards can have an impact in accelerating the economic advancement in Bangladesh. In assessing the impact of stock market on our country’s economy, I have used some statistical techniques & finance issues as correlation & regression analysis, measurement of cost of capital, index method etc based on the data obtained from the main stock exchange of the country DSE. The study reveals that there is a very close & positive relationship of stock...
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...Hartal imposes a large cost on the economy. Also it attempts to explore the negative impacts on GDP and revenue collection. Based on the findings, a number of suggestive policy measures that the planners and implementers may consider for the future development of political situation in Bangladesh are embedded in the end of the Research. Title of the Research: “Fiscal Policy and Hartal: A Case Study on Bangladesh from 2013 to 2014; specially on the Last National Election Period in Bangladesh”. Intruduction: Fiscal policy is very much related to the Public Finance in the Macroeconomics. Fiscal policy means the process by which government’s expenditures, tax rates and budgets would be monitored the national economy.The term “Hartal” basically comes from Gujarati language. “Hat” means market and “tal” means tala or lock, which referred to locked market or bazaar“bondh.” Hartal was first used during the Indian Independence Movement. It is a way of mass protest often involves a total shutdown of workplaces, offices, shops, courts of law with the object of realizing a demand. (CPD, 2013). Now it is also related to the politics of Bangladesh,specially in the election year. Hartal is one of the prime factors of influencing Fiscal Policy. Statement of the Problem: Human beings is very much related to economy. Without economy people cannot live in a society or a state. So there need to be an economic policy to lead human’s society. There are two types of...
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...Trends of Foreign Direct Investment in Bangladesh CHAPTER ONE Background of the Study 1. Introduction 1.1 Introduction Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is considered as one of the vital ingredients for overall development process of a developing Bangladesh. country like Industrial development is an important pre-requisite growth country. of for a economic developing is Bangladesh basically a country of agrarian economy. For her economic development, industrial economy is imperative. So Bangladesh is gradually moving from agrarian economy to industrial economy. In the age of globalization, it has become a burning issue to exchange views, ideas, capital and human resources. Government of Bangladesh is trying to create a favorable investment environment through introducing economic policies, incentives for investors, promoting privatization and so on. Therefore, the contribution of FDI is necessary in the enhancement of a country‟s economic growth. Researchers have marked FDI as an important factor in accelerating economic success and wealth of a country as well as a door in creating jobs, facilitating economy, and creating more competitive environment and contributing productivity to the host country. 1 Trends of Foreign Direct Investment in Bangladesh In Bangladesh, FDI plays a significant role in GDP acceleration and economic growth (Mottaleb 2007). FDI has a mentionable role in the modernization of the Bangladesh economy for last two decades. It helps the country...
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...Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim International Islamic University Chittagong Department of ELL An assignment on Climate change and its effect on Bangladesh Course code: URBS-4802 Course title: Bangladesh Studies Prepared for: Mohammad Tawhidul Islam Lecturer Department of CEN-URC International Islamic University Chittagong Prepared by: Mohammad Sahidul Islam Matric no: N081025 Department of ELL International Islamic University Chittagong Date of submission: 21st January, 2012 Introduction: The coastal areas of Bangladesh are different from rest of the country because of their unique geo-physical characteristics and different socio-political consequences that often limit people’s access to endowed resources and perpetuate risk and vulnerabilities. Bangladesh’s coast is the biggest victim to natural disasters and highly affected by climate change with problems including salinity and water logging, soil erosion, flooding and cyclones. A dramatic increase in the level of interest and concern relating to the impact of “Climate Change” on Bangladesh is readily apparent. The consequential high level of visibility of this issue within Government, Civil Society and the international community...
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...of relationship between the stock market development & economic growth in Bangladesh. As a third world country, the economic development of Bangladesh is still dependent on the ups & downs of some macroeconomic as well as capital market factors , like, GDP, real GDP, GDP growth, market capitalization, volatility of stocks, Financial Statement information and other financial factors. This paper has been prepared & presented to have a clear view about contribution of capital market to the economic growth of Bangladesh. So far I know, no analytical study regarding this issue still has not been conducted in Bangladesh. So that I’ve desired to study on this topic in a deeper detail to focus on the relationship of capital market & economic growth from both economic & accounting point of view. I also have focused on how the reporting of the Financial Statements of different institutions according to various local & international standards can have an impact in accelerating the economic advancement in Bangladesh. In assessing the impact of stock market on our country’s economy, I have used some statistical techniques & finance issues as correlation & regression analysis, measurement of cost of capital, index method etc based on the data obtained from the main stock exchange of the country DSE. The study reveals that there is a very close & positive relationship of stock market development of Bangladesh with this country’s economic growth. And also another result of this study that, disclosure...
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...ASSIGNMENT ON Date of Submission: 06.08.11 INTRODUCTION This report of Country Environmental Analysis (CEA) aims to assess ADB’s future role and operational strategy in the environment sector and will also provide input to the Country Strategy and Action Plan (CSP). This CEA for 2005-2009 outlines the environmental issues that are most significant to the Bangladesh’s economy. It will also provide background information on the environmental constraints, needs and opportunities in Bangladesh. Over the given period of this strategy document, ADB will be working with the Government of Bangladesh (Gob) for the improvement of the environment sector, wherein this report may be a basis for actions and/or intervention. This work focuses on the aspects of understanding the important features of the Bangladesh environment that need to be essentially understood. The purpose of the report is to present the findings of a review done on the environment sector. The review considered the ongoing and past interventions, legal and policy regimes and finally outlined the outstanding issues facing the sector. Objectives of the study It is well established that the process of land use change leads to the alteration of existing environmental conditions of any area. The specific objectives of the study were: 1. To identify the existing land use pattern of the selected area; 2. To explore the prime causes of land use change and its Effects...
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...Introduction: Foreign Aid any capital inflow or other assistance given to a country which would not generally have been provided by natural market forces. In Bangladesh, foreign aid serves to bridge the gap between savings and investments and make up the deficits in the balance of payments. Foreign aid is a major means of financing the country's economic development. Economic literature generally classifies foreign aid into four main types. First, the long-term loans are usually repayable by the recipient country in foreign currency over ten or twenty years. Secondly, the soft loans repayable in local currency or in foreign currency but over a much longer period and with very low interest rates. The softest are the straight grants often given to the less developed countries. Sale of surplus products to a country in return for payment in the country's local currency is the third type and finally, the technical assistance given to the developing countries comprises the fourth type of foreign aid. Foreign aid is more like an investment in a risky market situation. The relative weighting of advantages and disadvantages depends on the planning behind the foreign aid and how well-orchestrated it is. Economic advantages: stimulated economic development in the receiver's country (better infrastructure, more education etc.) leads to economic growth. It can also create jobs as increased investment leads to more employment; this means less needs to be spent on unemployment benefits and more taxes...
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...Introduction The positive relationship between economic growth and poverty reduction is not automatic. In Bangladesh, development expenditures have been growing in various proportions in agriculture, rural development, water resources, infrastructure, education and health sector. Each of these sectors impacts growth and poverty reduction differently. Allocation on agriculture, rural development, health, education and social safety net impacts poverty reduction at a higher rate and impacts economic growth too. Investment in infrastructure development, capital intensive industrialization, and some service sectors may boost up economic growth at a higher rate but may not impact poverty reduction at the desired rate. There is no doubt that faster economic growth is associated with faster poverty reduction. Since domestic/national resources fall short of the requirement, development partners play an important role in Bangladesh's development endeavour. In case of Bangladesh, in-spite of some remarkable positive performance against some indicators, aggregate poverty rates still remain high. Thus, it is high time to look forward for other options and means to accelerate economic growth and poverty reduction. Reform is Critical for Growth and Poverty Reduction The fundamental development constraints in Bangladesh are poor governance, corruption, law and order, public service delivery, and effectiveness of public expenditures to improve human development. It is important...
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...Foreign direct investment And Economic Growth in Bangladesh Internship program at Brac Bank Ltd. Internship Report On “Foreign direct investment And Economic Growth in Bangladesh and Internship program at Brac Bank Ltd.” The Internship report is submitted to the Department of Finance, University of Dhaka for the partial fulfillment of the requirement of BBA program. Submitted to: Department of Finance University of Dhaka Supervised by: Mohammad Jahangir Alam Chowdhury Professor Department of Finance University of Dhaka Submitted by: Zarin Tasnim ID: 17-009 Section: A Department of Finance University of Dhaka Signature of the Supervisor Date of Submission: 7th May, 2015 Letter of Transmittal 7th May, 2015 Mohammad Jahangir Alam Chowdhury Professor Department of Finance University of Dhaka Subject: Submission of Internship Report on Foreign direct investment and Economic Growth in Bangladesh. Dear Sir, It is an absolute pleasure for me to submit the Internship Report titled “Foreign direct investment and Economic Growth in Bangladesh” as a significant part of the BBA program. While making this report, I have experienced a fair knowledge about Foreign direct investment and economy of Bangladesh and its impact on the growth of Bangladesh. I have tried my best to follow your guidelines in every aspect of preparing this report. I have collected what I believed...
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...Compare and comment on the economic and social effects of flooding in two contrasting areas of the world. (15) Level 1 (1-6 marks) Describes the social and/or economic effects of flooding. Information likely to be generic – case study named only. Some similarities/differences apparent at top end. Separate accounts. Level 2 (7-12 marks) Description of effects of floods is more specific and precise – begins to distinguish between social and economic or this is implicit. Information relates to case studies – ‘rings true’ – some support. Begins to comment – may be tentative/implicit. May be imbalanced to one area and/or category. Similarities/differences are clear. Level 3 (13-15 marks) Precise similarities/differences of effects of flooding – distinguishes between social and economic effect explicitly. A balanced account – of areas and categories. Case studies are used in support – reference to facts/figures. Comment is explicit and perceptive. Candidate A – L3 Answer The flooding in Carlisle 2005 and in Bangladesh 1998 both had damaging effects. Carlisle being an MEDC suffered relatively more economic damage and was also generally better positioned to cope with the flooding than Bangladesh which suffered both heavy economic damage but particularly high ‘social’ impacts. In Carlisle only 3 people died due to the flooding whereas in Bangladesh 1070 people died because infrastructure and early warning systems were not there to mount a successful rescue attempt. In Carlisle...
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