...conviction that I have immensely benefited from the allotment of this topic. Contents S. No. Topic Page 1. Abbreviations 2. Table of Cases 3. Table of Statutes 4. Research Methodology 5. Introduction 6. Jurisprudential Study 7. Analysis on Indian Legal Provisions 8. Comparative Study 9. Conclusion 10. Suggestions 11. Bibliography Table of Abbreviations Sr.No Keyword Meaning 1 SC Supreme Court 2 HC High Court 3 IPC Indian Penal Code 4 Sec Section 5 v versus 6 www World wide web 7 i.e That is 8 etc Etcetera Table of Cases and Statutes Case Laws 1) Naz Foundation v Government of NCT of Delhi 2) Smt. Sarla v Mahendra Kumar 3) K.A. Abbas v Union of India 4) Aruna Shanbaug v Union of India 5) Ram Chandra Bhagat v State of Jharkhand 6) D. Veluswamy v D.Patchaiammal Acts/Conventions 1) The Indian Penal Code, 1860 2) The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 3) Code of Criminal Procedure Act, 1973 4)...
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...“The effects of FDI on the Indian Insurance Industry” Abstract Chapter-1 1.1 Introduction In the world of increased competition and rapid technological changes, globalization has played a complimentary role over the past years. Globalization has encouraged more and more multinationals to adopt FDI. According to Charles W.L. Hill (1998) “FDI occurs when a firm invests directly in facilities to produce and market a product in a foreign country”. The growth of FDI is more than the growth of world trade and world output so role played by FDI in world economics is very vital. Patterson, N. and Montanjees, M. (2004) say that FDI is the most favoured form of external finance for the reason that it is non-debt creating, non- volatile and the outcome depends upon the projects performance initiated by investors. FDI is advantageous because it facilitates international trade and transfer of technology, knowledge and skills. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors that attract FDI. De Mello (1999) asserts that scope for business in a country, opportunities for expansion, market size etc are some of the factors that attract FDI. Growth rate of a company or an industry leads to magnetism of more and more investment as investors know that their investment is safe enough. According to Dunning, J. (1981) Availability of valuable and unique resources in an industry such as cheap production capacity, cheap skilled labour and advanced technology which are necessary for running...
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...FDI – A Foreign direct investment (FDI) is a controlling ownership in a business enterprise in one country by an entity based in another country. Foreign direct investment includes "mergers and acquisitions, building new facilities, reinvesting profits earned from overseas operations. Investments can take place for many reasons, including to take advantage of cheaper wages, special investment privileges (e.g. tax exemptions) offered by the country. India is the third most attractive foreign directinvestment destination in the world. Types— Horizontal FDI arises when a firm duplicates its home country-based activities at the same value chain stage in a host country through FDI.[4] Platform FDI Foreign direct investment from a source country into a destination country for the purpose of exporting to a third country. Vertical FDI takes place when a firm through FDI moves upstream or downstream in different value chains i.e., when firms perform value-adding activities stage by stage in a vertical fashion in a host country.[4 Mauritius, Singapore, US and UK were among the leading sources of FDI. Why countries seek FDI? Domestic capital is inadequate for purpose of economic growth; Foreign capital is usually essential, at least as a temporary measure, during the period when the capital market is in the process of development; Foreign capital usually brings it with other scarce productive factors like technical know how, business expertise and knowledge. A coin...
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...DIRECT INVESTMENT IN INDIA ITS IMPACT ONBANKING AND INSURANCE SECTOR Introduction to topic Foreign direct investment is investment made by a foreign individual or company in productivecapacity of another country. It is the movement of capital across national frontiers in a manner that grants the investor control over the acquired asset. A parent business enterprise and itsforeign affiliate are the two sides of the FDI relationship. Together they comprise an MNC. The parent enterprise through its foreign direct investment effort seeks to exercise substantial controlover the foreign affiliate company.Foreign direct investments (FDI) are investment of foreign assets into domestic structures,equipments and organization. FDI reflects the objectives of obtaining a lasting interest by aresident entity in one economy (Direct Investor) in entity resident in an economy other than thatof the Investor (Direct investments enterprise). The lasting interest implies the existing of a long-term relation between the direct investor and the enterprise and a significant degree influence onthe management of the enterprise. Direct investment involves both the initial transaction betweenthe two entities and all the subsequent capital transactions between them and among affiliatedenterprises, both incorporated and unincorporated. Problem Statement In today¶s economy FDI plays an important role in a each sector. So it is important to understandthe concept and trends of FDI, therefore in this study...
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...FDI IN INSURANCE & PENSION ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF INDIAN SCENARIO PROJECT SYNOPSIS Leading Newspaper The Times of India reported on October 4th, 2012, “Big Bang reforms: Cabinet approves 49% FDI in insurance, 26% in pension sector”. This has indeed been a big bang reform announcement post FDI in multi brand retail by the Gov. of India. In light of this our group has tried to weigh the topic in Economic terms. The synopsis of our project on this topic has been discussed henceforth in the document. INTRODUCTION The Gov. of India has allowed 49% FDI in Insurance and 26% in Pension sector. This move permits foreign shareholding in insurance companies to the extent of 49% and to 26% in pension companies with an aim to provide better insurance coverage and to augment the flow of long term resources for financing infrastructure. The Insurance sector was opened up for private sector in 2000 after the enactment of the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority Act, 1999 (IRDA Act, 1999). The industry has been demanding for long to increase the FDI limit for adequate funds for expansion of the sector. IRDA Chairman J Hari Narayan recently favored up to 49 per cent foreign investment in the sector. SIGNIFICANCE When a firm controls (or have a strong say in) another firm located abroad, e.g. by owing more than 10% of its equity, the former is said "parent enterprise" (or "investor") and the latter "foreign affiliate". Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is the financial investment...
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...Contents Introduction 3 Literature review 4 Research methodology 9 Analysis 11 Case study: Tata’s Croma 16 Findings 20 FDI in Retail in India 21 Growth drivers in India for retail sector 22 Discussion 23 FDI in INDIA SECTOR WISE 23 Conclusion 25 Bibliography 27 Introduction Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is fund flow (inflow/outflow) between the countries wherein one gains benefit from their investment whereas another can exploit the opportunity to enhance the productivity and find out better position through performance. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is the flow of funds between countries wherein one country reaps benefits from the investments and the other can make the most of the opportunity to improve the productivity and stabilize their position through performance. The Dictionary of Economics has defined FDI as investment in an overseas country through the acquisition of a company there of an operation on a new site. In other words, the capital inflows from abroad that is invested in to improve the production capability of the economy. Two forms of FDI: * Inward FDI * Outward FDI FDI is an important factor for growth and development in both developed and developing countries. FDI has seen a spectacular growth in the last two decades globally. Policies are formulated in order to accelerate inward flows. FDI provides good opportunities and benefits for both the host and home countries in terms of investments. The “home” countries benefit...
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...Term paper on “FDI in BRICS Countries” Submitted By AMARNADH ILLURI (1223114141) B.V.S.P.CHARAN TEJ (1226114108) SANDESH.SAKA (1226114132) SAIRAJ THAMMINA (1223114139) Submitted To Dr Radha Raghuramapatruni.,PhD Associate Professor in International Business & Economics GITAM School of International Business GITAM University Visakhapatnam -45 Andhra Pradesh FDI in BRICS Countries ABSTRACT: The BRICS continued to be strong performers in attracting foreign direct investment in 2013, almost doubling their share from the pre-crisis level. BRICS now account for over one fifth of global FDI with China gaining the 2nd spot, Russia 3rd and Brazil 7th in the list of top 20 host economies of 2013.The current share of global FDI inflows to BRICS is at 22 per cent which is twice that of their pre-crisis level, according to the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) report. Total inflow to BRICS reached $322 billion in 2013, up 21 per cent from 2012. INTRODUCTION: South Africa outperformed other countries within BRICS, with FDI inflows rising by 126%. With inflows to China at an estimated US$127 billion, including both financial and non-financial sectors – the country again ranked second in the world, closing the gap with the United States to some $32 billion, FDI inflows to the Russian Federation jumped by 83% to US$94 billion making it the world’s third largest recipient of FDI for the first time ever, The rise was predominantly ascribed to the large acquisition by BP (United...
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...Effect of FDI on Bilateral Trade Abstract Contemporary literature refers to trade and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) as alternative strategies. The debate is mainly between two notions: (1) that FDI displaces trade, and (2) that FDI and trade complement each other. Literature on FDI talks about the effect of foreign investments on trade. Lipsey (2002) mentions that outward FDI may decrease or increase (or have no effect on) exports of home country. These effects depend largely on the competitiveness of the host country and the motives behind investment by the home country in the host country. This paper is aimed at studying the effect of FDI on bilateral trade as well as effect at the aggregate level especially in the developed-developing nation paradigm. Introduction Literature suggests that there are a number of motives on which FDI takes place across nations. Most of the firms in the developed countries will go for foreign investment once they fulfill their domestic market and they in order to grow will go to foreign market. In this case the main motive of a firm is to tap new markets. This entry of one firm in to a foreign market will create a bandwagon effect thorough which their competitors will also enter that market. Again, when the competition sets in the foreign market, companies will be forced to take cost reduction measures to achieve higher profits will look for other destinations which have lower cost of production and thus the motive will become efficiency...
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...ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES FDI IN INDIA PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE | | | |PROFESSOR Pushan DUTT |TEAM MEMBERS | | | | | |Ajay BANSAL | |INSEAD |Gurjeet SINGH | |SINGAPORE CAMPUS | | | | | Introduction to FDI Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) broadly encompasses any long-term investments by an entity that is not a resident of the host country. Typically, the investment is over a long duration of time and the idea is to make an initial investment and then subsequently keep investing to leverage the host country’s advantages which could be in the form of access to better (and cheaper)...
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...Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) as a strategic component of investment is needed by India for its sustained economic growth and development through creation of jobs, expansion of existing manufacturing industries, short and long term project in the field of healthcare, education, research and development (R & D) etc. After independence in India, FDI gained attention of the policy makers for acquiring advanced technology and to mobilize foreign exchange resources. In order to boost the FDI inflows in the country Indian government allowing frequent equity participation to foreign enterprises apart from provides many incentives such as tax concessions, simplification of licensing procedures and de-reserving some industries like drugs, fertilizers, aluminum etc. The first Prime Minister of India pointed out the importance of FDI not just as a source of capital, but for the host of technological and industrial knowledge it would bring with it. India laid out and started following a strategy of import substituting industrialization in the framework of development planning with a focus on encouraging and improving local capability, mostly in heavy industry and machine manufacturing sectors. To compensate for the general limited availability of technology, skills, entrepreneurship, bringing in FDI was one of the top priorities. The 1970s brought in more restrictions. FDI was only allowed in a selected group of core or high priority industries. The Foreign Exchange Regulation...
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...Economic Environment of Business Report On “COST EFFECTIVENESS AND INDIAN INDUSTRY” Course Instructor: Dr. S.P. Das Economic Environment of Business Report On “COST EFFECTIVENESS AND INDIAN INDUSTRY” Course Instructor: Dr. S.P. Das Submitted By: | Astha MathurSection C | Roll No.: | UM15135 | Submitted By: | Astha MathurSection C | Roll No.: | UM15135 | CONTENT Sr. No | Title | Page No. | 1 | Abstract | 4 | 2 | Introduction | 4 | 3 | Overview of Indian Industry | 4 | 4 | Implementing Cost Effectiveness | 6 | 5 | Implications of Cost Effectiveness | 7 | 6 | Break-Down of Indian Industrial Sector | 8 | 7 | Government initiatives to support for Cost Effectiveness in Indian Industry | 11 | 8 | Conclusion | 16 | ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to express a whole-hearted gratitude to all those who have helped with the report or have been associated with the report in any which way and made it a worthwhile experience. We are greatly indebted to our batch mates and our seniors for having shared their invaluable experience that went a long way in the successful completion of our report. We are also grateful to Dr. S.P Das who has given us the opportunity for working on such a project and incessant support & guidance leading it to successful completion. Thank you. We would like to express a whole-hearted gratitude to all those who have helped...
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...Macroeconomics Assignment | | Topics from the Union Budget 2014-15 of India 1. What will be the effect of increasing the FDI limit in insurance sector from 26 to 49%? 2. How CAD has improved through restriction on non-essential import and slow-down in overall aggregate demand? 3. Why inflation is measured with reference to WPI and not CPI? Increasing the FDI limit would essentially mean increased inflow of US dollars in India. The increased dollars will increase investment in the insurance sector which will increase employment and hence the increased taxes to the government. The increased investment will also result in more corporate taxes which again will result in increased taxes to government. These taxes will increase the government spending through public utilities which essentially means increase in GDP. Also, since increased dollars will increase the supply of dollars, the Rs/$ rate will decrease and hence it would make imports cheaper which will reduce the trade deficit and improve the GDP. Current Account Deficit is basically excess of Outflow of foreign exchange in both goods and invisibles transactions over such Inflow. This means that the country is spending more on foreign goods and services than selling its own goods and services to foreigners. In other words the import of the foreign goods and services is more than export. To reduce the deficit, India restricted the import of non-essential items such as fridges and TVs which resulted...
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...migration, and the spread of technology. Globalization as a spatial integration in the sphere of social relations when he said “Globalization can be defined as the intensification of worldwide social relations which link distant locations in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away and vice – versa.” Globalization generally means integrating economy of our nation with the world economy. The economic changes initiated have had a dramatic effect on the overall growth of the economy. It also heralded the integration of the Indian economy into the global economy. The Indian economy was in major crisis in 1991 when foreign currency reserves went down to $1 billion. Globalization had its impact on various sectors including Agricultural, Industrial, Financial, Health sector and many others. It was only after the LPG policy i.e. Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization launched by the then Finance Minister Man Mohan Singh that India saw its development in various sectors. Advent of New Economic Policy - After suffering a huge financial and economic crisis Dr. Man Mohan Singh brought a new policy which is known as Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization Policy (LPG Policy) also known as New Economic Policy,1991 as it was a measure to come out of the crisis that was going on at that time. The following measures were taken to liberalize and globalize...
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...COMMISION OF INDIA Topic:- Competition in Life Insurance Sector of India Submitted by:Shilpa Thakur Amity Law School, Noida INDEX 1. Acknowledgement 2. Abstract 3. Introduction 1. An introduction 2. List of Life Insurers 3. Evolution of Life Insurance in India 4. Malhotra committee’s recommendation 5. Opportunities 4. Entry barrier 5. Market Structure 6. The Provisions of the Competition Act,2002 7. Dominant Position in relevant Market 8. Dominance in market: LIC 1. Sovereign Guarantee 2. Distribution network 3. Other factors 9. Abuse of Dominance by LIC in light of the Act 10.Possibility of Abuse of Dominance 11.Conclusion and suggestion ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I sincerely thank all the officials responsible for providing this valuable internship at Competition Commission of India (CCI). I take this opportunity to express my sincere thanks to Mr. P.K. Purwar, Advisor (Economics) for his timely suggestions throughout my study. I am highly thankful to Dr. Anil Kumar Sharma, Assistant Director (Economics), CCI for having made my stay pleasant all along the internship. I also thank Ms. Sayanti Chakrabarti and the entire staff of CCI for providing me continuous support and encouragement throughout the internship. ABSTRACT My research is aimed at understanding the life insurance sector in India and flagging issues relating to competition in this sector. The life insurance sector has a small market and cover approx. 3 % of population in India. As a growing sector, it is...
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...TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 3 INTRODUCTION 5 OUTWARD FDI 6 INWARD FDI 7 IMPORTANCE OF FDI 8 OVERVIEW OF MAURITIAN ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE 9 BOARD OF INVESTMENT 10 INCENTIVES ADOPTED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF MAURITIUS TO PROMOTE FDI 10 INVESTMENT POLICIES 10 1. LEGISLATION 11 Law Practitioners Act 12 Companies Act 12 Public Procurement Act 13 Competition Act 13 Trade and Investment Framework Agreement 13 Employments Rights Act and Employment Relations Act 14 Financial Services Act 14 Securities Act 14 Insolvency Act 14 Other investment incentives 15 TRIPS Agreement 15 2. Fiscal policy 16 3. LIBERALISATIONAND DIVERSIFICATION 17 4. MACROECONOMIC STABILITY 19 Social and political stability 19 Exchange Control 20 Inflation control 20 5. FINANCIAL SERVICES 20 6. INVESTMENT FACILITATION 26 7. LABOUR MARKET REFORM 27 8. INFRASTRUCTURE 27 Transport 28 Telecommunication network 28 Building Premises 29 TOP SECTORS ATTRACTING FDI IN MAURITIUS 30 FINANCIAL HUB 31 REAL ESTATE ACTIVITY 31 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND OUTSOURCING SERVICES 32 MANUFACTURING SECTOR 33 SEAFOODS HUB 34 TOURISM SECTOR 35 THE TWO RECENTLY SECTORS WHICH ARE EXPECTED TO GROW AND DEVELOP: 36 KNOWLEDGE HUB 36 MEDICAL 37 FDI EVOLUTION MAURITIUS 38 SPECIAL CONSTRAINTS AND CHALLENGES 41 SUCCESSES AND CHALLENGES 42 THE ECONOMIC FUTURE OF MAURITIUS 43 ...
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